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*Global usage share statistics based on data from
for June, 2016. See the
for usage by browser version.Bib-1 Attribute Set
Bib-1 Attribute Set
Updated: March 20014
Bib-1 Use Attributes
Personal name
Corporate name
Conference name
Title series
Title uniform
LC card number
BNB card no.
BGF number
Local number
Dewey classification
UDC classification
Bliss classification
LC call number
NLM call number
NAL call number
MOS call number
Local classification
Subject heading
Subject Rameau
BDI index subject
INSPEC subject
MESH subject
PA subject
LC subject heading
RVM subject heading
Local subject index
Date of publication
Date of acquisition
Title collective
Title parallel
Title cover
Title added title page
Title caption
Title running
Title spine
Title other variant
Title former
Title abbreviated
Title expanded
Subject precis
Subject rswk
Subject subdivision 47
No. nat'l biblio.
No. legal deposit
No. govt pub.
No. music publisher
Number local call
Code--language
Code--geographic area
Code--institution
Name and title
Name geographic
Place publication
Microform generation
Author-title
Record type
Author-name personal
Author-name corporate
Author-name conference
Identifier--standard
Subject--LC children's
Subject name -- personal
Body of text
Date/time added to db
Date/time last modified
Authority/format id
Concept-text
Concept-reference
Server-choice
Record-source
Geographic-class
Indexed-by
Related-periodical
Report-number
Stock-number
Thematic-number
Material-type
Original semantics (changed 8/97, see extensions
below).A persistent identifier, or Doc-ID, assigned by
a server, that uniquely identifies a document on that
Content-type
Author-Title-Subject
Bib-1 Use Attributes -- Extensions (beyond 1995 version)
Doc-id(semantic definition change)
The following semantic definition was adopted
August 1997 ZIG meeting. An identifier or Doc-ID,
assigned by a server, that uniquely
identifies a document on that server. May or may not be
persistent. May be, for example, a URL.
The Serial Item and Contribution I based on NISO Z39.56, which provides an extensible
mechanism for the creation of a
code which uniquely identifies either an issue of a serial title or a
contribution (e.g., article) within a serial regardles of distribution meduim (paper, electronic,
microform, etc.).
Following (thru 1083 submitted by German Library)
Abstract-language 1038
The language code or the language name for the language of the abstract. Entries are
in accordance with ISO 639-1988 'Code for the representation of names of language'. The
2-digit letter code is used as language code, the English term is used as language name.
Application-kind 1039
Information (code or full text) about the patent application.
Classification 1040
The code or the section heading of a classification system. The attribute is a general
attribute for codes which are not existing as a serch key.
Classification-basic 1041
The code or the section heading of the Dutch classification system.
Classification-local-record 1042
The code or the section heading of a classification system assigned to a holding
Enzyme 1043
The enzyme code or the enzyme nomenclature. Codes are assigned by the 'Enzyme
Commission' in the 'International Union of Biochemistry'.
Possessing-institution 1044
A code (library symbol or other code) of the institution which possesses the document.
codes are agreed upon between the partners.
Record-linking 1045
An alphabetical code which determines the type of linking.
Record-status 1046
Information about the status of the record, e.g. new, corrected, deleted, revised.
Treatment 1047
A statement (code or full text) describing subject aspects of the content.
Control-number-GKD 1048
The identification number of a corporate body name from the German authority file for
corporate body names "Gemeinsame Koerper-schaftsdatei" (GKD).
Control-number-linking 1049
The unique identification number of the linked record. Attribute 'code-record-type'
contains a
code for the type of record which contains the 'control-number-linking' (b - bibliographical
record, e - record for copy-specific data, n - authority record, l - holding record, p - record
for cross references, v - full text). Attribute 'code-record-linking' contains a code which
determines the type of linking.
Control-number-PND 1050
The identification number of a personal name from the German authority file for
names "Personennamendatei" (PND).
Control-number-SWD 1051
The identification number of a subject heading from the German authority file for
headings "Schlagwortnormdatei" (SWD).
Control-number-ZDB 1052
The identification number of a document in the German database for serials
"Zeitschriftendatenbank" (ZDB).
Country-publication (country of Publication)1053
The country code or the country name of the country where the document has been
published. Entries are made according to ISO 3166 'Codes for the Representation of
of Countries'. As country code a 2-digit letter code is used, as country name the English
country name.
Date-conference (meeting date)1054
The date of the conference or of another meeting.
Date-record-status 1055
The date on which the record status was assigned.
Dissertation-information 1056
Information about a dissertation thesis, or another publication connected with an
Meeting-organizer 1057
The name of the organizer or the sponsor of a conference.
Note-availability 1058
Information about the availability of a document (delivery information).
Number-CAS-registry (CAS registry number)1059
The 'Chemical Abstract Registry' number of the substance described in a document.
Number-document (document number)1060
The publication number of the document (e.g. the number of the abstract in a
publication, or the number of the manuscript in a primary journal) provided that this
is not used as 'internal key' in the database. A publication number used as 'internal key' is
entered in Attribute 12.
Number-local-accounting 1061
The account number of the document assigned by the accounting system.
Number-local-acquisition 1062
Document acquisition number assigned by the system.
Number-local-call-copy-specific 1063
The document's shelf number.
Number-of-reference (reference count)1064
The number of literature references cited in a document.
Number-norm 1065
The number of a norm or standard.
Number-volume 1066
The number of single volumes of a multivolume publication, (year's) issues of serials,
multivolume publications, serials journals etc.
Place-conference (meeting location)1067
The place where the conference or meeting was held.
Reference (references and footnotes)1068
A literature reference from a document. The bibliographic data of a reference consists
a title, author, journal, publication year, volume and page information of the cited
Referenced-journal (reference work)1069
The title of a journal cited in a document.
Section-code 1070
The section code of a subject classification.
Section-heading 1071
The section heading of a subject classification
Subject-GOO 1072
A subject heading from the 'Gemeenschappelijke Onderwerps Onts luiting' (GOO).
Subject-name-conference 1073
A conference name used as subject heading.
Subject-name-corporate 1074
A corporate body name used as a subject heading.
Subject-genre/form (Formerly &Subject-name-form&
renamed August 2003)
A formal topical subject heading, e.g. collection of articles, handbook, source.
Subject-name-geographical 1076
A geographical/ethnographical subject heading.
Subject--chronological (formerly &Subject-name-chronological& renamed
August 2003)
A chronological subject heading.
Subject--title (formerly &Subject-name-title& renamed
August 2003)
A title proper used as subject heading.
Subject--topical (formerly &Subject-name-topical& renamed
August 2003)
A topical subject heading.
Subject-uncontrolled 1080
An uncontrolled subject term. General (broad) attribute for subject terms not specified
further, existing as a search key.
Terminology-chemical (chemical name)1081
The description of a chemical substance. This is either the name of the substance or a
from another classification system, e.g. enzyme code.
Title-translated 1082
The translation of a title.
Year-of-beginning 1083
The publication year of the first issue/volume of serial publications (journals,
newspapers,
Following (thru 1096) submitted by
Danish National Library Authority, approved
at January 1998 ZIG meeting
Year-of-ending
The publication year of the last issue/volume of serial publications (journals, newspapers,
Subject-AGROVOC 1085
A subject heading from the multilingual agricultural thesaurus from FAO.
Subject-COMPASS
A subject heading from Computer Aided Subject System from British Library.
Subject-EPT 1087
A subject heading from European Pedagogical Thesaurus.
Subject-NAL 1088
A subject heading from National Agricultural Library.
Classification-BCM 1089
A classification number from British Catalogue of Music.
Classification-DB
A classification number from Deutsche Bibliothek.
Identifier-ISRC 1091
ISRC. International standard recording code (ISO 3901).
Identifier-ISMN 1092
International standard music number (ISO 10957). ISMN
Identifier-ISRN 1093
International standard technical report number (ISO 10444).
Identifier-DOI 1094
Digital Object Identifier.
Code-language-original 1095
A code that indicates the original language of the item.
Title-later 1096
A later version of title.
Following (1097 thru 1111) are Dublin Core Use attributes, originally approved
at June 1998 ZIG meeting. These were re-affirmed at October 98 meeting, however, according to the decision at the meeting, the semantics (as well as mappings) are whatever a server decides.
For detailed semantics of the Dublin Core elements, see Description of Dublin Core Elements
DC-Title 1097
DC-Creator 1098
DC-Subject 1099
DC-Description 1100
DC-Publisher 1101
DC-Date 1102
DC-ResourceType 1103
DC-ResourceIdentifier 1104
DC-Language 1105
DC-OtherContributor 1106
DC-Format 1107
DC-Source 1108
DC-Relation 1109
DC-Coverage 1110
DC-RightsManagement 1111
The following (1112 thru 1184) are GILS Use attributes, approved at the June 1998 ZIG
meeting. The GILS Use Attributes correspond semantically to GILS Core Elements, described in
Controlled Subject Index 1112
Subject Thesaurus 1113
Index Terms -- Controlled 1114
Controlled Term 1115
Spatial Domain 1116
Bounding Coordinates 1117
West Bounding Coordinate 1118
East Bounding Coordinate 1119
North Bounding Coordinate 1120
South Bounding Coordinate 1121
Place 1122
Place Keyword Thesaurus 1123
Place Keyword 1124
Time Period 1125
Time Period Textual 1126
Time Period Structured 1127
Beginning Date 1128
Ending Date 1129
Availability 1130
Distributor 1131
Distributor Name 1132
Distributor Organization 1133
Distributor Street Address 1134
Distributor City 1135
Distributor State or Province 1136
Distributor Zip or Postal Code 1137
Distributor Country 1138
Distributor Network Address 1139
Distributor Hours of Service 1140
Distributor Telephone 1141
Distributor Fax 1142
Resource Description 1143
Order Process 1144
Order Information 1145
Cost Information 1147
Technical Prerequisites 1148
Available Time Period 1149
Available Time Textual 1150
Available Time Structured 1151
Available Linkage 1152
Linkage Type 1153
Linkage 1154
Sources of Data 1155
Methodology 1156
Access Constraints 1157
General Access Constraints 1158
Originator Dissemination Control 1159
Security Classification Control 1160
Use Constraints 1161
Point of Contact 1162
Contact Name 1163
Contact Organization 1164
Contact Street Address 1165
Contact City 1166
Contact State or Province 1167
Contact Zip or Postal Code 1168
Contact Country 1169
Contact Network Address 1170
Contact Hours of Service 1171
Contact Telephone 1172
Contact Fax 1173
Supplemental Information 1174
Purpose 1175
Agency Program 1176
Cross Reference 1177
Cross Reference Title 1178
Cross Reference Relationship 1179
Cross Reference Linkage 1180
Schedule Number 1181
Original Control Identifier 1182
Language of Record 1183
Record Review Date 1184
Following were approved at the October '98 ZIG meeting. These were proposed on behalf of
Performer1185
Names of the
Performer/Conductor (e.g. Alfred Brendel)
Performer-Individual
Individual name of a
Performer/Conductor (e.g. Alfred Brendel)
Performer-Group
Name of a performance group or
ensemble (e.g. London Symphony Orchestra)
Instrumentation
Musical instrument used in the
work (e.g. Piano, Violin)
Instrumentation-Original
Musical instrument used in the
original arrangement of the piece
Instrumentation-Current
Musical instrument used in the
given arrangement of the piece
Arrangement
Arrangement of the work
(e.g. Piano Trio, String Quartet)
Arrangement-Original
Arrangement of the original work
(e.g. Piano Trio, String Quartet)
Arrangement-Current
Arrangement of the given
arrangement (e.g. Piano Trio, String Quartet)
Musical Key-Original
Key of the original arrangement
Musical Key-Current
Key of the current arrangement
Date-Composition
Date of the original
composition of the work
Date-Recording
Date of the current recording of
Place-Recording
Place where the recording was
made (e.g. Royal Festival Hall)
Country-Recording
Country where the
recording was made (ISO)
Number-ISWC
International Standard
Work Code (ISO/TC 46/SC 9/WG)
Number-Matrix
Matrix number of recording
Number-Plate
Publisher's plate number
Classification-McColvin
McColvin Classification Scheme
Duration of the work (or
estimated duration) in seconds
Number-Copies
Number of copies available (in
the case of searching for performance sets for an ensemble)
Musical Theme
A representation of a musical
theme either as string format agreed between target and origin (e.g.
Plaine and Easie) or as an EXTERNAL
Instruments - total number1207
Total number of instruments (e.g. for a quartet, value would be 4)
Instruments - distinct number1208
Number of distinct instruments. (e.g. for a string quartet with two violins, 1 viola, 1 cello, value would be 3)
Following was approved at the August '99 ZIG
proposed by Juha Hakala, Helsinki University Library.
Identifier - URN
Uniform Resource Name
Following was approved at the December 2000 ZIG proposed by TZIG.
Sears Subject Heading
Following was approved at the October 2001 ZIG proposed
by Dana Dietz on behalf of NISO SC AV.
OCLC Number
A sequential accession number assigned by OCLC as records are entered
into OCLC WorldCat (the OCLC Online Union Catalog). Numbers are not re-used,
but when records are merged, the old number is kept as a cross-reference
to the new record.
The following are based on a proposal
from NORZIG, March
2003, approved
August 2003.
Definition
Syntax/reference
Area of use
Composition
Type of composition [Mus]
Two.letter Code. See MARC 21 008 pos.18-19
Searching for music (scores and sound recordings)
Intellectual level
Target audience such as todlers, preschools, etc.
One character Code. See MARC 21 008 pos.22
Limiting factor in literary searches
Adults:&&&a
Age 0 - 5: l
Easyreader: q
European article number (EAN)
A 13-digit number where
1-3: type of merchandise
ISBN minus check digit (if type is book) 13: check digit. See UNIMARC
and NORMARC 025 $a
Searching for specific items
A book with ISBN 82-03-15849-8 gets the EAN:
Canadian class. system
Code consisting of capital letter(s), digits and punctuation. See
MARC 21 055
Subject search
CRCS (Computing Review Classification Scheme)
Code of form:
Where X is a capital letter, n and m etc. are digits and the full stops
indicate the hierarchy. See MARC 21 084 $a and $2 and NORMARC 062 $a
Subject search
Database theory: H.2.0
Nationality
nationality (author)
Code consisting of two lowercase letters. See UNIMARC 7xx $c and NORMARC
Qualifying names
Norwegian: no
equinox (Map)
Name of equinox. See MARC 21 255 $e
Limiting factor in searching for maps
Compression
specific type of compression
MARC 21 856 $c
Limiting search result
electronic format
MARC 21 856 $q
Limiting search result
Subject - occupation
Subject added entry - occupation
Index term. See MARC 21 656 $a
Subject search
Subject - function
Subject added entry - function
Index term. See MARC 21 657 $a
Subject search
Edition of document
Text. See MARC 21 250 $a
Limiting search result
Special education ed.
The following, proposed
by An Liu of the US Government Printing Office, was approved October 2007.
Definition
Syntax/reference
GPO Item Number
An item number assigned by the U.S. Government
Printing Office .Used to manage the distribution
of publications to libraries within GPO's Depository Library System.
An item number may be assigned to a category of publications, a
series, or an individual title. The GPO item number is an agency-assigned
data element. Numbers are assigned from the List of Classes
of United States Government Publications Available for Selection
by Depository Libraries maintained by GPO.
(Not the same as the unique number that
identifies each entry in the Monthly Catalog of Government
Publications,
nor is it an order number.)
MARC 21 tag 074
The following, proposed
by the Library of Congress, was approved March 2014.
Definition
Syntax/reference
A generic, single
index combining
place, publisher, and date. (To avoid searching
multiple indexes
publication/production information.)
260 $abcdefg3
270 $270abcd
Insight Press
The following () reserves a block of
valu they will never be assigned by the Z39.50 Maintenance
Agency. Implementors may use these however they choose, they are not intended
for interoperability -- different implementors may define them differently,
and assignments of these values need not be reported to the Z39.50 Maintenance
Reserved for private usage
Bib-1 Relation Attributes
less than or equal
greater or equal
greater than
AlwaysMatches
Bib-1 Relation Attributes -- Extensions
Within (added by agreement at the August 1997 ZIG meeting)
When this relation attribute is supplied the intent is to select records where the
value of the access point as determined by the Use attribute is within the bounds
specified by the term (where the term itself may be composed of several terms). A
profile or implementor agreement may specify precisely what form a term should
take when this relation attribute is used, and how the term specifies bounds. As an
example, see the implementor agreement
Linear Range
Bib-1 Position Attributes
first in field
first in subfield
any position in field
Bib-1 Structure Attributes
date (normalized)
date (un-normalized)
name (normalized)
name (un-normalized)
free-form-text
document-text
number 107
string 109
Bib-1 Truncation Attributes
Value Semantics
right Truncation
Truncation
left and right
do not truncate
process # in search term
Bib-1 Truncation Attributes -- Extensions
Z39.58 (added
October, 1996 ZIG meeting)
Truncation as defined in Z39.58-1992, section 7.7.2: "Character Masking" (page
9); including subsections 7.7.2.1: "Variable number of characters", and 7.7.2.2: "Fixed
number of characters".
The rules governing the ussage of this attribute are explicitly articulated
follows (if this is inconsistent with Z39.58, these rules take precedence).
The character '?' (question mark) is used to mask a variable number of
characters. It may be followed by a positive integer, i.e. one or more
consecutive decimal digits (where the first is positive) in which the positive
integer represented by the string of digits (beginning with the digit
immediately following the '?', up to and not including the first non-digit
character), indicates a range of characters to mask, from zero up to and
including the specified integer.
When '?' is not immediately followed by a positive decimal digit, it indicates
an arbitrary number of characters to mask (from zero to a system defined
The character '#' (pound or number sign) is used to mask a single character.
Multiple consecutive occurrences of '#' may be used to indicate a precise
number of characters to mask.
Bib-1 Completeness Attributes
incomplete subfield
complete subfield
complete field
Rules pertaining to Bib-1 Attribute
Combinations
If a target does not support a given attribute list, it
should fail the search and supply an appropriate diagnostic.
A given attribute type may appear zero times, one time,
or more than one time, in an attribute list.
If an attribute type does not occur in an attribute list,
then (in the absence of any prior understanding, either outside of the standard
or via the Explain facility) the origin should not expect any particular default
target behavior.
If an attribute type occurs exactly once in an attribute
list, then the attribute value specifies the preferred target behavior with
respect to that attribute type.
It is recommended that an attribute type not occur more
than once in an attribute list, unless an associated "semantic action" is
included (i.e. attributeValue selects 'complex').
When attributeValue selects 'complex', 'semanticAction'
may be included. SemanticAction is a
for bib-1, it is
either a single integer or a sequence of two integers. For
the first integer in the sequence, values are:
May not substitute another attribute. If none in the
list is supported, fail the search.
May substitute another attribute, but only if none
in the list is supported.
May substitute another attribute at target discretion
(even if one or more in the list is supported).
The second integer in the sequence is to be supplied if and
only if there are multiple attributes in the list. Values
Select the first supported attribute in the list.
Select the best attribute in the list.