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ns2的安装过程非常简单，只用下载相应的allinone压缩包，然后直接解压再./install就可以了。但由于gcc编译器版本的问题，在目前通
用的linux上安装低版本的ns2也成了一种麻烦。由于工作的需要，我要搭建一个ns2.1b9a的环境。最开始我以为只要半天功夫就能搞定，却没料到
花了我三天的时间。。。问题最终是解决了，现在才发现google的搜索引擎是如此强大，也要感谢网上很多人默默的将自己的经验奉献出来。我在这里也将我的解决方案拿出来和大家共享。环境：ubuntu6.10目标：安装ns2.1b9a步骤：1.安装build-essentialsudo apt-get install build-essential2.安装libxmu-devsudo apt-get install libxmu-dev3.安装gcc-3.3，g++-3.3；直接使用ubuntu自带的新立得就可以4.设置环境变量export CC=/usr/bin/gcc-3.3export CCC=g++-3.3export CXX=/usr/bin/g++-3.35.下载ns2.1b9a并解压ns2.1b9a下载地址：tar xzvf ns-allinone-2.1b9a-gcc32.tar.gz6.touch ns-allinone-2.1b9a/tcl8.3.2/generic/tclStubInit.c7.安装补丁ns21b9a-gcc33.patch()cd ns-allinone-2.1b9a;patch -p0 & ../ns21b9a-gcc33.patch8.开始安装ns2./install9.配置ns2环境变量vi /home/wl/.bash_profileadd following lines to the end --------&export NS_HOME=/home/wl/ns-allinone-2.1b9aexport PATH=$PATH:$NS_HOME/bin:$NS_HOME/tcl8.3.2/unix:$NS_HOME/tk8.3.2/unixexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$NS_HOME/otcl-1.0a8:$NS_HOME/lib:$NS_HOME/tcl8.3.2/unix:$NS_HOME/tk8.3.2/unixexport TCL_LIBRARY=$NS_HOME/tcl8.3.2/library/--------&source .bash_profile 使刚才添加的环境变量生效10.校验cd ns-2.1b9a; ./validate至此ns2.1b9a安装成功，但校验没有全部通过(test-all-red failed)&&&&&
在解决问题的过程中也学到了一些东西，如patch文件的结构。Patch 文件中常见的@@ -45,7 +45,7
@@表示为一个块HUNK的开始，其中-45,7表示原来该块从第45开始共7行，+45,7表示打过补丁之后从45行开始共7行。具体的可以参考：-----------------------------------------------------------------------------下面给出安装过程中出现的错误，希望对于也正在为安装而烦恼的同胞有些帮助:)Description--------&./tclsh ./../tools/genStubs.tcl ./../generic \./../generic/tcl.decls ./../generic/tclInt.declsmake: ./tclsh: Command not foundSolution-----------&touch ../tcl8.3.2/generic/tclStubInit.creference&--------&Description--------& tclcl-mappings.h: In static member function `static int TclObjectHelper::dispatch_(void*, Tcl_Interp*, int, char**)': tclcl-mappings.h:51: error: incomplete type `Tcl' used in nested name specifier tclcl-mappings.h:52: error: invalid use of undefined type `struct Tcl' tclcl-mappings.h:41: error: forward declaration of `struct Tcl' tclcl-mappings.h:57: error: invalid use of undefined type `struct Tcl' tclcl-mappings.h:41: error: forward declaration of `struct Tcl' make: *** [Tcl.o] Error 1 tclcl-1.15 make failed! Exiting ...Solution-----------&--- tclcl-1.0b12/tclcl.h& 19:52:09. -0500+++ tclcl-1.0b12/tclcl.h& 08:43:45. -0500@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@&}&&#include "tclcl-config.h"-#include "tclcl-mappings.h"+// #include "tclcl-mappings.h"&#include "tracedvar.h"&&struct Tk_Window_;@@ -157,6 +157,8 @@&&Tcl_HashTable objs_;&};&+#include "tclcl-mappings.h"+&class InstV&&class TclObject {reference&--------&Description--------&./mobile/god.h:88: error: extra qualification 'vector::' on member'operator='./mobile/god.h:93: error: extra qualification 'vector::' on member'operator+='./mobile/god.h:98: error: extra qualification 'vector::' on member'operator=='./mobile/god.h:101: error: extra qualification 'vector::' on member'operator!='make: *** [src_rtg/sragent.o] Error 1Solution-----------&--- ns-2.1b9a/mobile/god.h& 21:45:22. -0700+++ ns-2.1b9a/mobile/god.h& 19:33:57. -0700@@ -85,20 +85,20 @@&&&return sqrt(X*X + Y*Y + Z*Z);&&}&-&inline void vector::operator=(const vector a) {+&inline void operator=(const vector a) {&&&X = a.X;&&&Y = a.Y;&&&Z = a.Z;&&}-&inline void vector::operator+=(const vector a) {+&inline void operator+=(const vector a) {&&&X += a.X;&&&Y += a.Y;&&&Z += a.Z;&&}-&inline int vector::operator==(const vector a) {+&inline int operator==(const vector a) {&&&return (X == a.X && Y == a.Y && Z == a.Z);&&}-&inline int vector::operator!=(const vector a) {+&inline int operator!=(const vector a) {&&&return (X != a.X || Y != a.Y || Z != a.Z);&&}&&inline vector operator-(const vector a) {reference&--------&Description--------&&queue/cbq.cc:112: error: ISO C++ forbids declaration of ‘CBQueue’ with no type&queue/cbq.cc:112: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘*’ token&queue/cbq.cc: In member function ‘virtual int CBQueue::insert_class(CBQClass*)’:&queue/cbq.cc:488: error: ‘class CBQClass’ has no member named ‘cbq_’&queue/cbq.cc: In constructor ‘CBQClass::CBQClass()’:&queue/cbq.cc:805: error: class ‘CBQClass’ does not have any field named ‘cbq_’&queue/cbq.cc: In member function ‘virtual void CBQClass::recv(Packet*, Handler*)’:&queue/cbq.cc:850: error: ‘cbq_’ was not declared in this scope&queue/cbq.cc:856: error: ‘cbq_’ was not declared in this scope&queue/cbq.cc: In member function ‘void CBQClass::update(Packet*, double)’:&queue/cbq.cc:873: error: ‘cbq_’ was not declared in this scope&queue/cbq.cc: In member function ‘int CBQClass::desc_with_demand()’:&queue/cbq.cc:928: error: ‘cbq_’ was not declared in this scope&queue/cbq.cc: In member function ‘void CBQClass::newallot(double)’:&queue/cbq.cc:975: error: ‘cbq_’ was not declared in this scope&queue/cbq.cc: In member function ‘virtual int CBQClass::command(int, const char* const*)’:&queue/cbq.cc:1002: error: ‘cbq_’ was not declared in this scope&make: *** [queue/cbq.o] Error 1Solution-----------&--- ns-2.1b9a/queue/cbq.cc
11:42:09. -0300+++ ns-2.1b9a/queue/cbq.cc
11:43:31. -0300@@ -87,6 +87,8 @@&#define&LEAF_LEVEL&1&/* level# for leaves */&#define&POWEROFTWO&16&+class CBQ+&class CBQClass : public Connector {&public:&&friend class CBQreference&--------&Description--------&&webcache/webtraf.cc: In member function ‘virtual int WebTrafPool::command(int, const char* const*)’:&webcache/webtraf.cc:415: error: ISO C++ forbids initialization in array new&make: *** [webcache/webtraf.o] Error 1Solution-----------&--- ns-2.1b9a/webcache/webtraf.cc
11:48:37. -0300+++ ns-2.1b9a/webcache/webtraf.cc
11:50:54. -0300@@ -362,10 +362,12 @@&&&&return (TCL_OK);&&&} else if (strcmp(argv[1], "set-num-server") == 0) {&&&&nServer_ = atoi(argv[2]);-&&&if (server_ != NULL) -&&&&delete []server_;-&&&server_ = new WebServer[nServer_](this);-+&&&if (server_ != NULL)+&&&&free(server_);+&&&server_ = (WebServer*)malloc(nServer_ * sizeof(WebServer));+&&&for (int i = 0; i & nServer_; i++) {+&&&&server_[i] = WebServer(this);+&&&}&&&&return (TCL_OK);&&&} else if (strcmp(argv[1], "set-num-client") == 0) {reference&--------&Description--------&&./tora/tora_neighbor.h:72: error: ISO C++ forbids declaration of ‘toraAgent’ with no type&./tora/tora_neighbor.h:72: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘*’ token&make: *** [tora/tora.o] Error 1Solution-----------&--- ns-2.1b9a/tora/tora_neighbor.h
11:42:09. -0300+++ ns-2.1b9a/tora/tora_neighbor.h
11:43:31. -0300@@ -41,6 +41,8 @@&#ifndef __tora_neighbor_h__&#define __tora_neighbor_h__&+class toraA+&enum LinkStatus {&&LINK_UP = 0x0001,&// upstream&&LINK_DN = 0x0002,&// downstreamreference&--------&Description--------&diffusion/omni_mcast.cc:388: error: ‘OmniMcastXmitFailedCallback’ was not declared in this scope&make: *** [diffusion/omni_mcast.o] Error 1Solution-----------&--- ns-2.1b9a/diffusion/omni_mcast.cc& 21:45:22. -0700+++ ns-2.1b9a/diffusion/omni_mcast.cc& 19:33:57. -0700@@ -59,6 +59,8 @@&#include "dsr/path.h"&#include "god.h"&+void OmniMcastXmitFailedCallback(Packet *pkt, void *data);+&static class OmniMcastClass : public TclClass {&public:&& OmniMcastClass() : TclClass("Agent/OmniMcast") {}reference&--------&Description--------&dsr/dsragent.cc: In method `DSRAgent::DSRAgent()':dsr/dsragent.cc:313: stray '\' in programmake: *** [dsr/dsragent.o] Error 1Solution-----------&--- ns-2.1b9a/dsr/dsragent.cc& 21:45:22. -0700+++ ns-2.1b9a/dsr/dsragent.cc& 19:33:57. -0700@@ -188,6 +188,9 @@&&*/&+void XmitFlowFailureCallback(Packet *pkt, void *data);+void XmitFailureCallback(Packet *pkt, void *data);+&/*===========================================================================&& SendBuf management and helpers&---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/reference&--------&Description--------&diffusion/diffusion.h:152: error: type specifieromitted for parameterdiffusion/diffusion.h:152: error: syntax error beforenumeric constantdiffusion/diffusion.cc:406: error: type specifieromitted for parameterdiffusion/diffusion.cc:406: error: syntax error beforenumeric constantdiffusion/diffusion.cc: In member function `voidDiffusionAgent::MACsend(...)':diffusion/diffusion.cc:408: error: `pkt' undeclared(first use this function)diffusion/diffusion.cc:408: error: (Each undeclaredidentifier is reported only&& once for each function it appears in.)diffusion/diffusion.cc:432: error: `delay' undeclared(first use this function)make: *** [diffusion/diffusion.o] Error 1Solution-----------&--- ns-2.1b9a/diffusion/diffusion.cc& 21:45:22. -0700+++ ns-2.1b9a/diffusion/diffusion.cc& 19:33:57. -0700@@ -58,6 +58,8 @@&#include "god.h"&#include "routing_table.h"&+void XmitFailedCallback(Packet *pkt, void *data);+&char *MsgStr[]= {"", "INTEREST", "DATA", "DATA_READY", "DATA_REQUEST",&&&"POS_REINFORCE", "NEG_REINFORCE", "INHIBIT", "TX_FAILED",&&&"DATA_STOP" };reference&--------&Description--------&tcp/tcp-sack-rh.cc:68: error: extra qualification ‘SackRHTcpAgent::’ on member ‘newack’ make: *** [tcp/tcp-sack-rh.o] Error 1Solution-----------&--- ns-2.1b9a/tcp/tcp-sack-rh.cc& 21:45:25. -0700+++ ns-2.1b9a/tcp/tcp-sack-rh.cc& 19:33:57. -0700@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@&&virtual void estadjust();&&virtual void rhclear();&&virtual void computefack();-&virtual void SackRHTcpAgent::newack(Packet* pkt);+&virtual void newack(Packet* pkt);& protected:&&int fack_;&&&&&&&&&& /* the FACK state variable& */&&int retran_data_;&&&&&&&& /* the number of retransmitted packets in the pipe& */reference&--------&Description--------&&linkstate/ls.h: In member function ‘void LsList&_Tp&::eraseAll()’:&linkstate/ls.h:89:
error: there are no arguments to ‘begin’ that depend on a template
parameter, so a declaration of ‘begin’ must be available&linkstate/ls.h:89:
error: (if you use ‘-fpermissive’, G++ will accept your code, but
allowing the use of an undeclared name is deprecated)&linkstate/ls.h:89:
error: there are no arguments to ‘end’ that depend on a template
parameter, so a declaration of ‘end’ must be available&linkstate/ls.h: In member function ‘void LsMap&Key, T&::eraseAll()’:&linkstate/ls.h:112:
error: there are no arguments to ‘begin’ that depend on a template
parameter, so a declaration of ‘begin’ must be available&linkstate/ls.h:112:
error: there are no arguments to ‘end’ that depend on a template
parameter, so a declaration of ‘end’ must be available&make: *** [linkstate/ls.o] Error 1Solution-----------&--- ns-2.1b9a/linkstate/ls.h
12:08:42. -0300+++ ns-2.1b9a/linkstate/ls.h
12:10:16. -0300@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@&&LsList() : baseList() {}&&LsList(const _Tp& x) : baseList(1, x) {}&&void eraseAll() { -&&baseList::erase(begin(), end()); +&&baseList::erase(baseList::begin(), baseList::end());&&}&LsList&_Tp&& operator= (const LsList&_Tp& & x) {&&return (LsList&_Tp& &)baseList::operator= (x);@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@&&&return ib.second ? ib.first : baseMap::end();&&}&-&void eraseAll() { erase(begin(), end()); }+&void eraseAll() { baseMap::erase(baseMap::begin(), baseMap::end()); }&&T* findPtr(Key key) {&&&iterator it = baseMap::find(key);&&&return (it == baseMap::end()) ? (T *)NULL : &((*it).second);reference&--------&Description--------&pgm/pgm-agent.cc:275: error: extra qualification ‘PgmAgent::’ on member ‘trace_event’ make: *** [pgm/pgm-agent.o] Error 1Solution-----------&--- ns-2.1b9a/pgm/pgm-agent.cc& 21:45:23. -0700+++ ns-2.1b9a/pgm/pgm-agent.cc& 19:33:57. -0700@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@&&& void print_stats();&-& void PgmAgent::trace_event(char *evType, double evTime);+& void trace_event(char *evType, double evTime);&&#ifdef PGM_DEBUG&& void display_packet(Packet *pkt);reference&--------&Description--------&pgm/pgm-receiver.cc:157: error: extra qualification ‘PgmAgent::’ on member ‘trace_event’ make: *** [pgm/pgm-receiver.o] Error 1Solution-----------&--- ns-2.1b9a/pgm/pgm-receiver.cc& 21:45:23. -0700+++ ns-2.1b9a/pgm/pgm-receiver.cc& 19:33:57. -0700@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@&& void print_stats();&& void display_packet(Packet *pkt); // For debugging.&-& void PgmReceiver::trace_event(char *evType, double evTime);+& void trace_event(char *evType, double evTime);&&& EventTrace * et_;& //Trace Object for Custom Event Trace&reference&--------&Description--------&pgm/pgm-sender.cc:161: error: extra qualification ‘PgmAgent::’ on member ‘trace_event’ make: *** [pgm/pgm-sender.o] Error 1Solution-----------&--- ns-2.1b9a/pgm/pgm-sender.cc& 21:45:23. -0700+++ ns-2.1b9a/pgm/pgm-sender.cc& 19:33:57. -0700@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@&&& void display_packet(Packet *pkt); // For debugging.&-& void PgmSender::trace_event(char *evType, nsaddr_t daddr, double evTime); +& void trace_event(char *evType, nsaddr_t daddr, double evTime); &&& EventTrace * et_; &//Trace Object for custom Event Traces&reference&--------&Description--------&&diffusion3/lib/nr/nr.hh:224: error: an explicit specialization must be preceded by ‘template &&’&diffusion3/lib/nr/nr.hh:239: error: an explicit specialization must be preceded by ‘template &&’&make: *** [diffusion3/lib/nr/nr.o] Error 1Solution-----------&--- ns-2.1b9a/diffusion3/lib/nr/nr.hh
12:12:51. -0300+++ ns-2.1b9a/diffusion3/lib/nr/nr.hh
12:13:53. -0300@@ -203,6 +203,7 @@&};&&// string specialization+template &&&class NRSimpleAttribute&char *&: public NRAttribute {&public:&& NRSimpleAttribute(int key, int type, int op, char *val, int size = 0);@@ -218,6 +218,7 @@&};&&// blob specialization+template &&&class NRSimpleAttribute&void *&: public NRAttribute {&public:&& NRSimpleAttribute(int key, int type, int op, void *val, int size);reference&--------&Description--------&./diffusion3/diffusion/diffusion.hh:97: error: expected `)' before '*' tokenSolution-----------&--- ns-2.1b9a/diffusion3/diffusion/diffusion.hh
11:48:37. -0300+++ ns-2.1b9a/diffusion3/diffusion/diffusion.hh
11:50:54. -0300@@ -87,1 +87,2 @@&class HashE+class DiffRoutingAreference&--------&Description--------&usr/lib/gcc/i486-linux-gnu/4.1.1/../../../../include/c++/4.1
.1/bits/stl_deque.h: In member function ‘void std::_Deque_base&_Tp,
_Alloc&::_M_initialize_map(size_t)’:/usr/lib/gcc/i486-linux-gnu
/4.1.1/../../../../include/c++/4.1.1/bits/stl_deque.h:469: error:
expected unqualified-id before ‘(’ token/usr/lib/gcc/i486-linux-gnu/4.1.1/../../../../include/c++/4.1
.1/bits/deque.tcc: In member function ‘void std::deque&_Tp,
_Alloc&::_M_reallocate_map(size_t, bool)’:/usr/lib/gcc/i486-linux-gnu/4.1.1/../../../../include/c++/4
.1.1/bits/deque.tcc:747: error: expected unqualified-id before ‘(’ token/usr/lib/gcc/i486-linux-gnu/4.1.1/../../../../include/c++/4.1
.1/bits/stl_bvector.h: In member function ‘void
std::vector::_M_insert_range(std::_Bit_iterator, _ForwardIterator,
_ForwardIterator, std::forward_iterator_tag)’:/usr/lib/gcc/i486-linux-gnu/4.1.1/../.
./../../include/c++/4.1.1/bits/stl_bvector.h:542: error: expected
unqualified-id before ‘(’ token/usr/lib/gcc/i486-linux-gnu/4.1.1/../../../../include/c++/4.1
.1/bits/stl_bvector.h: In member function ‘void
std::vector::_M_fill_insert(std::_Bit_iterator, size_t, bool)’:/usr/lib/gcc/i486-linux-gnu/4.1.1/../../../../include/c++/4
.1.1/bits/stl_bvector.h:897: error: expected unqualified-id before ‘(’
token/usr/lib/gcc/i486-linux-gnu/4.1.1/../../../../include/c++/4.1
.1/bits/vector.tcc: In member function ‘void std::vector&_Tp,
_Alloc&::_M_fill_insert(__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator&_Tp,
_Alloc&::_Tp_alloc_type::pointer, std::vector&_Tp, _Alloc&
&, size_t, const _Tp&)’:/usr/lib/gcc/i486-linux-gnu/4.1.1/../../../../include/c
++/4.1.1/bits/vector.tcc:353: error: expected unqualified-id before ‘(’
token/usr/lib/gcc/i486-linux-gnu/4.1.1/../../../../include/c++/4.1
.1/bits/vector.tcc: In member function ‘void std::vector&_Tp,
_Alloc&::_M_range_insert(__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator&_Tp,
_Alloc&::_Tp_alloc_type:Solution-----------&install gcc-3.3 and g++-3.3then set CC=/usr/bin/gcc-3.3;CXX=/usr/bin/g++-3.3
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ns2的安装过程非常简单，只用下载相应的allinone压缩包，然后直接解压再./install就可以了。但由于gcc编译器版本的问题，在目前通
用的linux上安装低版本的ns2也成了一种麻烦。由于工作的需要，我要搭建一个ns2.1b9a的环境。最开始我以为只要半天功夫就能搞定，却没料到
花了我三天的时间。。。问题最终是解决了，现在才发现google的搜索引擎是如此强大，也要感谢网上很多人默默的将自己的经验奉献出来。我在这里也将我的解决方案拿出来和大家共享。环境：ubuntu6.10目标：安装ns2.1b9a步骤：1.安装build-essential',
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你可能喜欢对于数列有下面六个判断：1.若a,b,c,d成等比数列,则a+b,b+c,c+d也成等比数列；2.若数列{an}既是等差数列,也是等比数列,则数列{an}为常数列；3.若数列{an}的前n项和Sn=a^n-1(a属于R),则数列{an}为等差或等比数列；4.数列{an}为等差数列,且公差不为零,则数列{an}中不会有am=an（m不等于n)；5.一个等差数列{an}中,若存在ak+1>ak>0,则对于任意正整数n>k,都有an>0；6.一个等比数列{an}中,若存在ak
我就讲为什么错吧1,如果公比是-1,则a+b,b+c,c+d都为0,不是等比数列3,a=0时,数列为-1,0,0,0,0.
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扫描下载二维码下列因式分解变形中，正确的是
A．ab（a﹣b）﹣a（b﹣a）=﹣a（b﹣a）（b+1）B．6（m+n_百度知道
下列因式分解变形中，正确的是
A．ab（a﹣b）﹣a（b﹣a）=﹣a（b﹣a）（b+1）B．6（m+n
下列因式分解变形中; ，正确的是
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