there is no plan的句式是不是后...

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第一部分 常用于引言段的句型的两类表达方式
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你可能喜欢there&be句型的综合详解
句型的综合详解:
大家首先要知道,英语口语中这样的一种表示“有”提问句型的思维意义:What’s
(there)+表地点状语的介词短语?&& 哪里有什么呢?
例1:What's in the classroom?教室里有什么?
例2:What's in the box? 箱子里有什么呢?
定义:英语中,There be陈述句句型,常表示某处(某地)存在有某人或某物。
结构句型:there be(are/is/ was /were)+主语+介词短语......
(1)& there is+单数可数名词/ 不可数名词+地点短语......
There is a ruler on the desk.书桌上有一把尺。
(2)& there are+复数名词+地点短语......
There are four apples on the tree.(长在树上)树上有四个苹果。
(3)& there is+单数可数名词/
不可数名词+V-ing+地点短语......
There is a bird singing in the tree.树上有一只鸟正在唱歌。
There is a baby sleeping in the room.房间里有一个宝宝正在睡觉。
(4)& there are+复数名词+V-ing+地点短语......
There are some birds singing in the tree.树上有一些鸟正在唱歌。
There are two boys running on the street.街上有二个男孩正在奔跑。
注意:there是个引导词,在句子中不充当任何成分的。翻译时也不必译出。在句中,它处于主语的位置,起形式主语的作用。句子的真正主语是放在
b e后面的那个名词词组“某人或某物”。在there be
句型中,谓语动词be要与主语(某人或某物)的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时,谓语动词be要与靠它最近的名词的单复数保持一致,并且在肯定句中用“and”连接两个名词,否定名中用“or”连接。
例: There is a bird in the tree.树上有1只鸟。
There are always more than one hundred birds in the big tree
every evening。 每天傍晚那棵大树上总会有100多只小鸟。
There is a teacher and many students in our
classroom.我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。
There are many students and a teacher in our
classroom.我们教室里有许多学生和一位老师。
There are two boys and a girl under the tree.树下有二个男孩,一个女孩。
一、There be句型的用法:
1)There与be中间可插入一些表示推测的情态动词、表示时态的短语和一些动词短语,以强调某种语气。
例如:There must be some flowers in the box. 盒子里肯定有些鲜花。
There happened to be some money in my pocket.我的口袋里碰巧有一些钱。
There will be a meeting this
afternoon.注意:be不能换成have及have的变化形式。
2)There be句型常与过去时间状语连用,构成一些固定句型,用于故事发生的开头,交代故事发生的时间。
例如:Many years ago, there was such a beautiful girl called
Caixia.很久以前有一个叫彩霞的美丽女孩。
3)There be句型可换成There come / go/live/stand/lie/seem to be/happen
to be等,以引起注意,加强语气。
某些表示存在、发生、出现、坐落等意义的不及物动词也可以与there连用。如appear,seem,come,remain,exist,live,stand,lie,arise,enter,follow,occur,rise,grow,happen,belong,arrive,fly,flash,sail,pass,run,spring
up,emerge 等。
例如:There comes the bus公共汽车来了。
There (seems to be) a knife and a fork on the table.
A.&& seems to be
&B. seem to be &C. is seeming to
be &D. are
解析: 根据就近原则,首先排除B、D。只从A和C中选答案,而感官动词一般不用于进行时,故C也不正确。
4)There be句型或There加其他动词的句型,其动词的单复数,常采用就近一致的原则。
例如:There is a desk, two chairs and three benches in the
=There are two chairs, a desk and three benches in the room.
5)There be或There加其他动词的句型,其反意疑问句一律用…there挂。
例如:There is a cat in the garden, isn't there?
There used to be no house here, used there / did
there?(过去这儿没有房子,是吗?)
二、使用There be句型时应注意:
1)There be句型中的be 有各种时态。& be可以有现在时(there
is/are)、过去时(there was/were)、将来时(there is/are going to be或there will
/shall be)、完成时(there have/has (never) been)、还有there must be\there
can’t be\there used to be等。There+ 情态动词+
be表示“预见”“可能”“必然”或“过去习惯存在”。There shall be no more wars. 再也不会打仗了。
There ought to have been someone on duty all the
time.本来应该有人全天值班。
There +半助动词(如:be going to, be certain to, be sure to, be likely
to, have to be等 )+be的结构。There is going to be a rain.要下雨了。
There is likely to be an interview.可能会有一场面试。
There has to be a mistake.必定有错。
There is going to be a meeting tonight.今晚有个会议。--Yeah, Exciting
There was a knock at the door.有人敲门。
There has been a girl waiting for you.有个女孩一直在等你。
There will be rain soon.不久天就要下雨了。
2)动词be单复数形式要跟there be之后跟的主语名词(就近)保持一致。并且要根据就近一致原则来变换be
的单复数形式。there is 后面接可数名词单数还有不可数名词,there are 后面接可数名词复数。
be句型有数的变化:be的单复数取决于其后的主语。单数主语用is.复数主语全用are.如有并列主语时,be随第一主语变,即就近原则。
There is a book on the desk.课桌上有一本书。
How many people are there in the city?这个城市里有多少人口?
There is a pen and two books on the desk.课桌上有一个钢笔和两本书。
There are two books and a pen on the desk. 课桌上有两本书和一个钢笔。
There are some students and a teacher in the classroom.
在教室里有一些学生和一位老师。
There is a teacher and some students in the classroom.
在教室里有一位老师和一些学生。
3)there be引到的句子结构中,用来修饰主语的不定式用主动形式和被动形式均可。
例如:There is no time to lose (= to be lost).时间紧迫。
There is nothing to see (=to be seen).看不见有什么。
4)There be句型的否定句和一般疑问句。记住下面的口诀:There
be句型有特点,主语放在be后边。变否定,很简单,be后要把not添。变疑问,也不难,把be提到there前面;肯定句中有some,
否定/疑问中把any换。
(1). There is a book on the desk. (变否定句) →There is not / isn't a
book on the desk.
&(2). There are some chairs in the room. (变否定句)
→There are not / aren't any chairs in the room.
&(3). There are some boys over there. (变一般疑问句)
→Are there any boys over there?
5)There be句型和have/has的区别:There
be是存在‘有’,即某地有某物;表示某物(无生命的)、某人存在于某个地方。这是客观存在的东西。只强调空间上的存在,并不表示拥有某物。
have/has是人为‘有’,即某人(有生命的)有某物,表示某人或某物拥有某一样东西。它表示所有、拥有关系。
另外,there be结构中的be 用单复数应与最靠近它的名词的数保持一致。
例如:There is a book on the desk.书桌上有一本书。
I have a book. 我有一本书。(He has a book.她有一本书。)
二者有时也可以通用,表示"某物本身拥有……"。当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时,There
be句型可与其互换。当表示某物的组成部分时,二者可互换。
A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a
week.一个星期有7天。
The classroom has ten desks. = There are ten desks in the
classroom. 教室里有十张桌子。
【典型例题解析】
例1.(There’s) some rice in the big bags. A.There's B.Have C.Has
D.There are
&解析:there be 句型表示某地有某物,而have/has
是指某人或某物拥有,本题是指大袋里有一些米,而rice为不可数名词,故答案为A。
There isn’t any rice in the big bags. = There is no rice in the
例2、There is still (& )orange here,
but(& ) people want to drink it.
little, little B. a little, few C. a little, a few
&D. a few, little
&解析:根据题意orange为"橙汁"之意,故为不可数名词,应以little或a
little修饰;people本身为复数名词,应该用few 或a
few修饰,此题意为"没有几个人想喝橙汁",根据题意可知此题答案为B.
例3、& There aren't any ( 土豆 ) in the shop.
解析:前面为there are要用复数,potato也应该用其复数形式,即potatoes。
四、there be句型的各种转换
1.变成否定句(和含有be动词的其他句型一样,在be后面加上not(副词) 或no(形容词)即可。)注意:not a/an/any+n.=no+n. 强调一个都没有。&&&&&&&&& 注意肯定句中有some时,变成否定句子时要将其改为any。
例:There are some pictures on the wall.--- There aren’t any pictures on the wall.= There are no pictures on the wall.
There is a bike behind the tree.----There isn’t a bike behind the tree.= There is no bike behind the tree.
2. 变成一般疑问句(把be动词调整到句首,再在句尾加上问号即可。注意肯定句中有some时,变化时将其改为any(否定变化时也一样的。)
There are some fish in the water.----Are there any fish in the water?
肯定回答:Yes, there is/are. 否定回答:No, there isn’t/aren’t.
3. 变成特殊疑问句,用there be句型来对部分成分提问.
例:There is a boy in the classroom.
(1.)对句中表示数量的部分“a” 提问的话,要用how many。
how many boys(注意many 后加可数名词复数)are there in the classroom?
对数量提问的一般有二种句型:
How many+复数可数名词+are there +介词短语?
How much+不可数名词+ is there +介词短语?
(2.)如果是对主语(a boy) 提问,那么要用who/what。
句型Who’s (there)+介词短语?
What’s (there)+表地点状语的介词短语?
who's in the classroom?=what's in the classroom?
There are five boys in the classroom.
复数的话,对five boys提问:who's in the classroom? = what's in the classroom?
还有一种情况是不可数名词, there is some water in the bottle.
对some 提问:用(how much因为水是不可数)how much water is there in the bottle? 对主语(some water)提问:what's in the bottle?
对主语提问:当主语是人的时候,要用 who引导。当主语是物的时候,则用 what引导。注意,无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对之提问时一般都用be 的单数形式,都是用what's.提问。回答时却要根据实际情况来决定。
(3.) 如果是对地点状语(in the classroom) 提问,那么要用where引导。
Where is the boy? 或Where are the boys?
在简略回答对地点状语的特殊疑问句提问时,口语中可用:Here it(he/she) is.(单数情况,他在这儿呢。) Here they are.(复数情况,他们是在这儿呢。) 来指出某物是“在什么地方”。注意区别:Here you are. (给你。)
4. 变成反意疑问句(附加疑问句)的结构时,,用be (not) there?意即要用there来充当主语。而不用It 或They来充当。
There is some milk in the bottle, isn’t there?
五、含有there is的七个重要的特殊表达方式:
1There is no sense in doing 做某事是没有用的,没有意义的
There is no sense in making him angry.跟他生气是没有用的。
There in no sense in going alone.一个人去是没有好处的。
2 There is no use /good doing 做某事是没有用的,没有必要的
There is no use trying to explain it.解释是没有必要的。
There is no good/use going there.去那儿是没有好处的。
3.There is no need to do 没有必要做某事
There is no need to worry.
There is no need to give him so much money.
4. There’s no point in doing sth 句式。意为“做某事没有用”:
There’s no point (in) telling her about is. 告诉她没有用。
There’s no point in wasting time. 耗时间没用。
5. There’s no doubt… 结构。意为“毫无疑问…”:
There is no doubt of his success. 毫无疑问他一定会成功。
6. There is no hurry (to do sth) 句式。其意为“不用急(于做某事)”:
There’s no hurry to return the book. 现在不急于还书。
There’s no hurry, so do it slowly and carefully.不用赶时间要慢慢细心地做
7. There’s something wrong with… ?结构,表示某物出了什么毛病。
六、There be 的两种非限定形式,即there to be 和there being。称为非限定存在句,可以作主语、宾语、介词补足成分。
1当作主语时,一般是There being型,当句式中有for时,一般用there to be。如:There being a shop here is a great advantage.
There being a house with a garden is of great value.
It is impossible for there to be any more.
2 作动词的宾语时,一般用there to be 结构。常见动词有:expect, mean, intend ,want, prefer等,而动词anticipate(期望)后要用there being 结构。
The committee anticipated there being less debate in the second discussion.委员会期望在第二次讨论中争议能少一点。
We expect there to be no argument.我们希望不会出现争吵。
People don't want there to be anther war.人们不希望再有战争。
I’d prefer there to be more cooperation.我希望有更多的合作。
作介词的宾语一般用There being句式,但当是for时一般用there to be句式。
This depended on there being a sudden change. 这需要有一个突然的改变。
The teacher was waiting for there to be complete silence.老师在等着大家都安静下来。
It was seldom for there to be no late comers.新来者很少没有迟到的。
3 作介词补足成分,介词是for时一般用there to be形式,介词不是for时,则用there being形式。
4 There being形式,还可以用作状语分句,形成独立主格结构。
There being no further discussion, the chairman stood up and left the meeting-room. 没有可讨论的了,主席站了起来,离开了会议室。
There having been no rain, the stream was dry.一直没有下雨,小溪都干涸了。
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there be句型的用法
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  there be 用法小结
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&--   1. 基本结构
  There be + 主语 + 地点/ 时间状语。如:
  There is a computer in the room. 房间里有一台电脑。
  There are two TV plays every evening. 每晚有两场电视剧。
  2. 主谓一致
  要采取就近一致原则,和靠近 be 的主语一致。如:
  There is a pen, two rulers in the box. 盒子里有一只钢笔,两把尺子。
  There are two boys and a teacher at the school gate. 门口有两个男孩,一个老师。
  3. 主语后的动词形式
  在there be 句型中,主语与动词是主动关系时用现在分词;是被动关系时用过去分词。如:
  There is a purse lying on the ground. 地上有一个钱包。
  There are five minutes left now. 现在还有5分钟。
  4. 反意疑问句。
  反意疑问句应与 there be 对应,而不是依据主语。如:
  There is a radio on the table, isn't there? 桌子上有一台收音机,是吧?
  There are more than fifty classes in your school, aren't there? 你们班有50多名学生,是吧?
  5. there be 与 have 的替换
  there be 表示所属时可与 have 替换。
  There is nothing but a book in my bag. = I have nothing but a book in my bag. 包里只有一本书。
  6. there be 后接不定式时常用主动形式表示被动意义。如:
  There is a lot of work to do. 有许多工作要做。
  注意:当该句型主语是 something, anything, nothing 等不定代词时,后面的不定式用主动形式或被动形式,意义各不同。
  There is nothing to do. 没有事可做。
  There is nothing to be done. 没有办法(束手无策)。
  7. 与其它词连用,构成复合谓语。如:
  There may be a rain this afternoon. 今天下午可能有雨。
  There used to be a cinema here before the war. 战争之前,这儿有一家电影院。
  8. 变体
  there be 结构中的 be 有时可用 live, stand, remain 等代替。如:
  Once there lived a king who cared more about new clothes than anything else. 从前有位国王喜欢新服胜过别的任何东西。
  9. 习惯用语
  There is no good /use (in) doing sth. 做某事没有好处/用处;There is not a moment to lose. 一刻也不能耽误。例如:
  There is no good making friends with him. 和他交朋友没有什么好处。
  He is very ill. Send him to hospital. There's not a moment to lose. 他病得厉害,把他送到医院去,一刻也不能耽误。
  There be表示存在的“有”,他有各种时态,如:
  一般现在时:there is/一般过去时:therewas/were
  一般将来时:过去将来时:
  现在完成时:there has/过去完成时:there had been
  要特别注意be going to 在there be 句型中的运用。例如:
  There is going to be a film in the meeting hall.学校礼堂里将有一场电影。
  还可扩展为许多其它句型,下面笔者对There be句型的扩展作一归纳。
  一There be+主语
  这种句式表示事物的客观存在,There be放在句首,而把真正的主语放在后面,可以用来表示现在时、过去时、完成时和将来时。例如:
  There is a boy on the playground.操场上有个男孩。
  There has been a lot of rain this month. 这个月雨水很多。
  There will be an announcement soon. 不久会发布告。
  二,There are + n(复数名词/不可数名词)+ and + n(复数名词/不可数名词)
  该句型表示同一类人或物的不同性质,尤其表示有好坏优劣之分,意为“有各种各样的”、“种种不一”等。如:
  There are friends and friends. 朋友有种种,有益友,有损友。
  There is tea and tea. 茶叶有好有差。
  三 There be+名词+分词
  这种句式中分词可以是现在分词,也可以是过去分词。doing表示动作和前面名词有主谓关系,过去分词done和前面名词有被动关系。如:
  There is a man sitting on the fence. 有个人正坐在篱笆上。
  There was a car stolen last night. 昨晚有辆车被偷了。
  这种句式可以用"主语+be+分词"这一结构来代替。例如:
  There is a boy playing with a puppy in the yard. ( = A boy is playing witha puppy in the yard.)
  一个男孩正在院子里和一只小狗玩耍。
  There has been more money spent on armaments than on famine relief. (=More money has been spent on armaments than on famine relief.)
  花在军备上的钱比花在救灾上的钱还多。
  四, There be+名词+动词不定式
  这种句式中的及物动词(动词不定式)也可改成被动式, 意为"(没)有……要做"。例如:
  There is a lot of work to do (to be done). 有许多工作要做。
  There was no time to wait for you. 没有时间再等你了。
  注意:There is nothing to do与There is nothing to be done. 含义不同。前者意为:"无事可做",后者意为"没有办法"。试比较:
  There is nothing to do-I'm bored.
  无事可做--我感到闷得慌。(=There is nothing to entertain me.) 没有什么活动来消遣。
  There is nothing to be done-we'll have to buy another one. 没有办法--我们只好另外买一个了。(= There is no way off putting it right.)
  五 There is+no+动名词
  这种句式可与"It is impossible+动词不定式"替换,意为"无法做某事"。例如:
  There is no stopping him. (=It is impossible to stop him.)无法阻止他。
  There is no guessing what will happen. 无法猜到将会发生什么。
  六, There is(no) need for+名词
  该句式意为"(不)需要……"。例如:
  There is no need for anxiety. 不需要担心。
  There is a great need for a book on this subject. 非常需要有一本关于这个题目的书。
  七, There is no need+动词不定式.例如:
  There is no need for him to come.不需要他来了。
  There is no need (for you) to start yet.(你)现在还没有必要动身。
  八,There is no use+动名词
  该句式可与"It is no use+动名词"互换,意为"……无用(无济于事)"。例如:
  There is no use waiting any longer.(=It is no use waiting any longer.) 再等下去是没有用的。
  There is no use(in) offering the olive branch now. 现在想和解也无济于事了。
  九, There is nothing / not anything like… 该句型中“nothing/ not anything like…”相当于“nothing / not anything better / more suitable than…”,意为“没有什么比……更好/更合适/更有效了”。如:      There is nothing like a book for taking you out of yourself. 没有什么比书更能使你解脱自己了。
  There is nothing like walking as a means of keeping fit.
  作为保持健康的方法,没有什么比散步更好的了。
  十, There is nothing more...than
  该句式意为"再……不过了"。例如:
  There is nothing more dangerous than an illusion of security. 太平无事的想法是再危险不过的了。
  十一,There is no(not any) point in+动名词
  该句式意为:"……是没有意义(思)的。"例如:
  There is no point in doing so. 这样做是没有意义的。
  There is not any point in harping on the same old tune. 没有必要再重复这一套。
  十二,情态动词及ought to,have to,used to用在there be结构中。例如:
  There must be something wrong with the machine,for it doesn’t run well.
  机器一定出了毛病,因为他运转不正常。
  There oughtn’t to be too great a difference in our views.
  我们的看法不应该存在太大的分歧。
  There might be some good songs after all this trash.
  在播放了这些乱七八糟的歌曲之后,可能会放几首好歌。
  If the power hadn't been cut off so quickly, there could have been a big fire.
  要不是迅速切断电源,可能会引发一场大火。
  十三,There is a possibility of(或that)
  该句式表示"有可能"。例如:
  There is a possibility of my going to Denmark. (= There is a possibility that I may be able to go to Denmark.) 我有可能去丹麦。
  十四, There+人称代词+come(go)/there come(go)+名词
  该句式是there作感叹词放在句首。如果主语是人称代词,则动词放在其后;如果主语是名词,则动词放在其前。例如:
  There they come!他们来了!
  There comes the bus at last!公共汽车终于来啦!
  十五,. There+动词
  这种句式只限于表示存在某种状态、发生某种事或某事、某人到达等动词,意义比there be 结构格更为生动贴切。如live,lie seem,appear,happen tand,exist,arise,enter,come,go,remain,exist,rise,occur,flow,arrive,enter,follow等。而不适用于表示一般具体行动的动词。例如:
  Many years ago,there lived an emperor who cared more for clothes than for anything else.
  许多年前有位皇帝热衷于漂亮的衣服胜过其他东西。
  There stands a tall building across the river over there.
  河对面耸立着一幢高层建筑物。
  There goes the bell.铃响了。
  There comes a knock at the door.有人敲门。
  There remains one question to be discussed.还剩一个问题要讨论。
  There seems to be something wrong about it. 这事好像有点儿不大对头。
  There appears to be no one who can answer this question. 看来没人能够回答这个问题。
  There will follow an interval of five minutes. 随后将有五分钟的休息。
  十六,There are/is certain(sure,likely)to be该结构的意义为肯定有/可能有。例如:
  Thereare like to be more difficulties than you were prepared for。
  很可能会遇到你预想不到的困难。
  There are sure to be a restaurant some where。
  某处肯定有个饭店。
  十七,There +be+ed分词+to be常用动词有:say,expect,believe,consider,think,mean,构成信息来源模糊表达式。例如:
  There is/are said to be a number of wounded on both sides。
  据说双方都有不少受伤。
  There is/are expected to be an exciting film next week。
  预计下周有一步精彩电影上演。
  十八v + there to be该结构中的动词往往是:expect, want, intend, mean, consider, like, hate, prefer等接不定式做宾语的动词。如:
  We don’t want there to be any students falling behind. 我们不想有任何学生落后。
  I should prefer there tobe no disscusion。我希望没有讨论。
  动词let后接there be 做宾语补足语。如:
  Let there be no mis under standing。不要产生误会。
  十九There being/having been是独立主格结构,在句中作状语。如:
  There having been no rain for a long time, the ground was burned black by the sun.
  好长时间未下雨,大地都给太阳烤焦了。
  二十There(not) being/there(not) having been用作ing分词的复合结构在句中做主语或宾语。例如:
  There being a bus stop so near the house is an advantage。(做主语)
  公共汽车站离家这末近是一很有利的条件。
  I dreamed of there being a holiday tomorrow。
  我梦想明天有一假日。
  二十一,for ther to be 为不定式复合结构例如:
  For there to be no late comers was unusual。
  没人迟到这是不寻常的事。
  It is not cold enough for there to be frost。
  天还不够冷不足以有霜冻。
  二十二,There is nothing for it but to do sth
  该句型相当于“There is no choice but to do sth”,意为“别无他法,只能……”。如:
  There is nothing for it but to do what is required. 只能按要求去做了,别无他法。(=I have no choice but to do what it required.)
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