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如何确定定语从句的关系代词和关系副词
&&&&如何确定定语从句的关系代词和关系副词
&定语从句是语法学习中的重点和难点，如何正确的选择关系代词和关系副词又是重中之重。
定语从句中的关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose等；
关系副词有where, when,
why等。下面通过练习介绍一下确定关系代词和关系副词的一些方法。
1)This is the
factory __ I visited last year.
2)This is the
factory __ I worked
last year.
where&B. which&C.
as&&D. what
以上两句只有细微的差别，但答案却不同。
1）选B；1）是动宾关系，即I
visited the factory，因此选which。
2）选A。做这种题时，要看先行词与定语从句中谓语动词之间的关系：2）中factory应在定语从句中作地点状语，即I
worked in the factory，因此,选where。
will never forget the day ___ we spent
will never forget the day ___ we worked
which&B. when&C.
where&D. what
这两题的做法与上面的思路相同。
选B，when 相当于on which。
this library __ you often read in?
this the library __ you often read in?
A.the one B.in
whichC.where&D.which
选A；5 )句的陈述句形式为This library is _____ you often read in.
此句缺先行词，需要加上，用the one替代the library，因此选A；
6）选D。做这种题时，应先把原句变为陈述句。6）句的陈述句形式为：This
is the library _____ you often read in.此题the
library作in的宾语，故选D。
This is the reason __he was late.
This is the reason _____ can explain his coming
which&&&&&
in which& D. on which
7) 选B，why相当于for which，作原因状语。8）选A，which在句中作主语。
He is such a good teacher ____ everyone respects and
He is such a good teacher __everyone respects and loves
as&& D. who
9) Csuchas10A
such … that
11) _____ is known,
light travels faster than sound.
_____ is known that light travels faster than
_____ is known is that light travels faster than
As&&B. Which&C.
What&& D. It
这几个题学生极易混。
11）选A；11）中As代表下文所表达的内容，即light
travels faster than
sound。As所引导的定语从句可在句首、句中或句末，而which所引导的定语从句只可用于句中，故选As；
12）选D；12）中It为形式主语，that所引导的从句是真正的主语，故选It；
13）选C。13）中是What引导的主语从句，且主句中缺少主语，因此用What来替代。
He tore up my photo, ______ made me upset.
He tore up my photo and _______ made me upset.
which&B. it&& C.
what&D. where
选A，为非限制性定语从句，which代指He tore up my photo；
15）选B，为and连接的并列句。
She is one of the students who _______ praised at the meeting
yesterday.
She is the only one of the students who _______ praised at the
meeting yesterday.
【分析与比较】
16）选B，who的先形词是the students，定语从句中谓语动词用复数；17）选A，who的先形词是the only
one，定语从句中谓语动词用单数。
根据句意补全下列句子。
We will be shown around some places _____ visitors seldom go
We will be shown around some places ______ visitors seldom
will never forget those years _____ I lived in the countryside with
the farmers.
will never forget those years ______ I spent in the countryside
with the farmers.
There is no dictionary _____ you can find
everything.
There is no dictionary _____ can tell you
everything.
It is such a heavy stone _____ no one can lift.
It is such a heavy stone _____ no one can lift
Do you think the reason ______ he explained is
believable?
Do you think the reason ______ he was late is
believable?
______ has been announced, we will have our final examination next
He passed the examination, _______ made his parents very
which& 2. where& 3.
when& 4. that& 5.
where& 6. that& 7.
as& 8. that& 9.
which& 10. why& 11.
As& 12. which
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怎么看关系代词在定语从句中充当什么成分那定语呢
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首先你可以先把从句提取出来,然后把关系代词放入从句中,判断他应该放在什么地方,之后一般就可以知道她在从句中作什么成分,关系代词的选择是根据他在从句中作什么成分而选择的,判断对了就好办事了.这个方法还蛮管用的,也很准.
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关系代词和关系副词分别是什么？
能举几个例子给我说明一下吗？本来应该是我懂的东西，可是一换了专业一点的名字就不知道了。就像凤姐我认识，可是罗玉凤我就不认识了。
提问时间： 11:12:52提问者：
例10.This museum is ___ you visited a few days age?　 A. where　B. that　 C. on which　 D. the one为什么这里B选项的that不能充当宾语？
定语从句是中学英语教学的重点、难点，也是考查的热点。在初中阶段，学生学好定语从句，为高中英语学习打下良好的基础，是提高英语综合运用能力的保障。下面我对定语从句的难点问题解答，即如何正确使用关系代词或关系副词，仅供读者借鉴。一、 关系代词和关系副词的区别1、关系代词（that, who, whom, whose, which）所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。例1. Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（who / that在从句中作主语，指人）例2. He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.（whom / that在从句中作宾语，指人）例3. They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.（whose在句中作定语，指人）例4. Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.（whose在句中作定语，指物。若指物，它还可以同of which互换）例5. The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作carry的宾语，指物）2、关系副词（when, where, why, that）可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于&介词+ which&结构，因此常常和&介词+ which&结构交替使用。例6. Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.　例7. Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?　例8. His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.　例9. He can&t find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.二、 判断用关系代词和关系副词方法1： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。请改错：1. This is the mountain village where I visited last year.2. I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。句1和句2的where, when都应改为which.。方法2： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，根据第一点(区别)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。例10.This museum is ___ you visited a few days age?　 A. where　B. that　 C. on which　 D. the one例11. This is the museum ____ the exhibition was held.　 A. where　　B. that　 C. on which　　D. the one （答案：例1 D，例2 A）在例10中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。而例11中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose)； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语)。方法3：当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing，the one, much, few, any, little等，或先行词是形容词最高级时，或在there be 句型中，或当先行行词既有人又有物时，关系代词用that, 而不用which。例12. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.　例13. The soldiers and their guns that we sent to the front were lost.方法4：在引导非限定性定语从句时，和在介词后不能用that，应用which。　　　例14．(错)　The tree, that (改为which)is four hundred years old, is very famous here.例15．We depend on the land from which we get our food.
回答时间： 10:46:55
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