求这几个be动词用法的用法!

求这几个动词的用法!
求这几个动词的用法!
record,close,race,seem,beat,design,believe,practise,dream,include.
一、作动词
  作动词时,发音为[rI`k :d],重音在第二个音节。其含义有:
  1. 记录(下来);记载(下来)
  Her diary records all the happenings of her days. 她的日记记载了她那个时代所发生的一切。
  When and how he died is not recorded.他死于何时以及怎样死的,没有历史记载。
  2. 录下(声音、影像等)
  This is not a live match, but a recorded one. 这不是直播的比赛,而是录像的。
  Does this machine record well? 这台机器录音(像)效果好吗?
  二、作名词
  作名词时,发音为[`rek :d],重音在第一个音节。其意思有:
  1. 记录;记载(可数)
  Historical records show that Macbeth did in fact exist.历史记载表明麦克白确有其人。
  2. (运动等)记录(可数)
  She did very well, but she failed to break the world record. 她表现很出色,但未能打破世界记录。
  3. (过去的)成绩;表现;功劳;罪行(可数)
  A criminal's record is the list of his crimes.一个罪犯的记录就是他所犯罪行的目录。
  His political record was outstanding.他的政治表现非常出色。
  4. 唱片(可数)
  In any library of records Beethoven's Fifth Symphony is a must.贝多芬的第五交响乐是任何唱片库都应必备的。
  record的常用词组有:
  keep a record of...把……记录(下来)。
  I'll keep a record of his telephone conversations.我将把他所有的电话谈话记录下来。
  for the record可正式报导;公开地。
  Just for the record, I think the President is a fool.可以公开地说,我认为这位总统是个傻瓜!
  on record有记录的;公开的。例如:
  The latest hurricane was one of the strongest in Zhejiang on record. 上次台风是浙江有史以来最强的之一。
  We shall have nobody but ourselves to blame if we don't put our point of view on record.我们如不将我们的观点公之于众,遭受谴责的将是我们自己,而非他人。
  hold (keep) a record保持记录;create a record创造记录。
  Several world swimming records have been broken at the Athens Olympics.雅典奥运会上有多项游泳世界记录被打破。
  Liu Chunhong, a Chinese weight-lifter, has created three new world records. 刘春红,一位中国举重运动员,创造了三项新的世界记录。
一。用作动词,意为“关闭”;而用作形容词,意为“接近”、“亲近”。不要受动词用法的影响,用其表示“关闭的”这一意义(要表示此义,要用其过去分词形式。如:
这博物馆星期日不开放。
The museum closes (to visitors) on Sundays.
顺便一提,close 的反义词 open 则与之不同,它既可以用作动词表示“开”,也可用作形容词表示“开着的”。如:
他叫我们闭着(睁着)眼睛。
He told us to keep our eyes closed (open).
二。 用作动词,其后接副词 up 和 down 均可表示“关闭”,但含义稍有不同:用 up 通常指暂时关闭,用 down 通常指永久性关闭。如(from ):
He closes the shop up at six. 他六点钟关店(停止营业)。
Many factories ( are) closed down because of thedepression. 许多工厂由于不景气而倒闭了。
n. 赛跑;速度方面的比赛,如赛跑或赛车
比赛者(包括人,动物,车辆等)
a horse race赛马
a 10-mile race 10英里赛跑
attending the dog races.参加赛狗大会
seem可用作连系动词或不及物动词,意为“似乎;好像”,其常见用法现归纳如下: 一、“主语+ seem +(to be )+表语”,表语多为名词或形容词,有时是其他的词或短语,以说明主语的特征或状态。例如: Tom seems (to be ) a very clever boy. 汤姆看上去是一个非常聪明的男孩。 The man over there seems to be a new teacher. 那边的那个人看上去像一个新老师。 Mr Black seemed to be quite happy. 布莱克先生好像十分快乐。 This small town seems changed a little. 这个小城镇似乎有点儿变化。 二、“主语+ seem + 不定式”,此句型中的seem与不定式一起构成复合谓语。例如: Mrs Green doesn’t seem (或seems not ) to like the idea. 格林夫人似乎不太喜欢这个主意。 The children seemed to be eating something in the room. 孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西呢。 The young man seemed to have changed much. 这个年轻人看起来变化很大。 三、“It seems + that从句”,其中it 是形式主语,that引导主语从句。例如: It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park. 似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事。 It seems to me that Mr Brown will not come again. 在我看来布朗先生不会再来了。 四、“There + seem to be +名词”,其中to be 可省略。seem 的单复数形式要根据后面作主语的名词的单复数形式而定。例如: There doesn’t seem to be much hope of our beating that team. 看来我们战胜那个队没有多大希望。 There seems no need to wait longer. 看来没有再等的必要了。 seem(好象)的用法:记住几个结构:①sb./sth. + seem + (to be+)形容词+…;②sb./sth. + seem + like +…;③sb/sth + seem + to (do);④It seems that + 从句。如:He seemed (to be) very happy when he was called by the headmaster. (被校长叫到名字时他好象很开心) / It seems that nobody else could do such a foolish thing except Jim. (除了吉姆好象没有什么人会做出如此愚蠢的事情来)
. 心跳(声), 打, 敲打声, 拍子vt. 打, 拍打, 打败vi. 打, 拍打, 打败a. 疲乏的, 颓废的beat的过去式【计】 拍; 节拍【化】 拍; 搅打【医】 搏动【经】 还(价)
design是个多义词和多词性词,可作动词和名词。
1. 作“设计;计划”解,主要指具体、确切的设计,多用作及物动词。如:
Who designed the scene and costumes? 布景和服装是谁设计的?
2. 也经常作“目的是;打算给”解,指为一定的目的所做的安排,多用被动语态,后接for短语或不定式。如:
This piece of land is designed for a garden. 这块地预定做花园。
3. 作“想要;拟”解,后接不定式和动名词都可以,也可以接that引导的从句,从句里用shall。如:
He designs that the house shall be redecorated in the summer. 他想把这栋房子在夏季重新装修一下。
II. 作名词
1. 指具体的 “设计样式;设计图样”,是可数名词。如:
She drew a beautiful design for a dress. 她绘制了一幅漂亮的服装设计图。
2. 指“设计工艺;设计布局;意图”,是不可数名词。如:
The building is poor in design. 这栋房子设计很差。
3. 指“不良意图;图谋”,是可数名词,而且总是用复数形式,常用于have designs against / on / upon 句式。on / upon后接钱财、生命,而against后接某人。如:
She has designs against that person. 她想加害那个人。
4. by design = on purpose 有意,故意。如:
Did you do this by design or by accident? 你是故意还是偶尔这样做的?
1. project
plan是通用词,指事先做出一种按程序做事的方法或对各部分的配置安排。design强调按照目标、意向或目的而做的小心安排。project强调为试验或实验而提出的计划,常常是大规模的,有时是不切实际的。如:
He has a plan for increasing product. 他有一项增加生产的计划。
They have a design for a rich, full life. 他们有计划去过一种富有、充实的生活。
He introduced a project for slum clearance. 他提出一个清除贫民窟的计划。
intention, purpose和design均指一个人意欲或打算做的或得到的东西,即计划。intention指一个人有意要做,但并不永远指他有决心或确定的计划;purpose指一个人打算要做的事或得到一件确定的东西,并努力去争取;design指审慎的意向,有确定的计划或准备以实现其目的。如:
My intention was to arrive early. 我的意思是早一点到。
My purpose was to avoid the crowd. 我的目的是要躲开那群人。
I arrived early by design. 我是故意早到的。
vt.[W]1. 相信;信任[+(that)]I don't believe a single word he says.他的话我一句也不信。
2. 认为;猜想,料想[+(that)][O2]We believe Mr. Smith to be innocent.我们认为史密斯先生是无辜的。I believe he has come.我想他已经到了。vi.[W]1. 笃信宗教The Hendersons seldom go to church, but they believe.亨德森一家很少去教堂做礼拜,但他们笃信宗教。2. 相信;信任;信仰[(+in)]He did not believe in Howard's honesty.他不相信霍华德为人真诚。3. 猜想,料想
有关believe用法的特别说明
1. 后接否定的宾语从句时,通常将否定转移到主句上。如:
I don’t believe that he will win. 我相信他不会赢。
But I don’t believe he means any harm. 但我想他并无恶意。
I don’t believe she will like the idea. 我相信她不会赞成这个想法。
2. 在简略答语中,一般不单独用 believe, 而用 I believe so. 或 I don’t believe so. /I believe not. 如:
A:Do you think he will come? 你认为他会来吗?
B:No, I don’t believe so. [I believe not. ] 我想不会。
A:Shakespeare was born in I564,wasn’t he? 莎士比亚是I564 年出生的,对吧?
B:I believe so. 我想是的。
3. 可接不定式的复合结构作宾语,但其中的不定式通常为 to be型,若为实义动词,则通常为完成式。如:
They believed him (to be) mistaken. / They believed that he was mistaken. 他们认为他错了。
I believe him to have arrived safely. 我相信他已平安到达(from )。
4. 比较 believe sb 和 believe in sb:前者指相信某人的话(=believe what one says);后者指信任某人的为人(=trust sb)。如:
I can believe him, but I cannot believe in him. 我相信他说的话是真的,但是不相信他的为人。
注:believe in的用法归纳:
(1)信仰,相信:
Christians believe in Jesus. 基督信仰耶稣。
Marxism believes in the primacy of matter. 马克思主义者相信物质是第一性的。
I don’t believe in the theory. 我不相信这个理论。
(2)信赖,对……有信心:
Yo he’ll never let you down. 你可以信赖他,他绝不会令你失望。
We believe in our government. 我们信赖我们的政府。
If you believe in yourself you can succeed. 如果你对自己有信心就能成功。
(3)相信有:
Do you believe in ghosts? 你相信有鬼吗?
They (don’t) believe in fairies. 他们(不)相信有仙女(from )。
Only 29 per cent of the population believe in a personal God. 只有百分之二十九的人相信有人模样的上帝。
(4)主张,认为,是好的:
He believes very strongly in female emancipation. 他强烈主张妇女解放。
He believes in plenty of fresh air and exercise. 他认为大量新鲜空气和运动是好的。
I’ve always believed in being broad-minded. 我一向主张宽宏大量。
I believe in working like hell. 我主张拼命工作。
8.practise
practise为动词,意思是“练习”,常用于以下短语:practise doing sth practise for sth practise sth on sb 注意,在美语中这个词无论用作动词还是名词都拼成practice在英国英语中,其名词为practice,为不可数名词。
v. 做梦;梦见
have a picture or idea in your mind when you are asleep
· I dreamed a strange dream.
我做了个奇怪的梦。
· I dreamed of you last night.
我昨夜梦到了你。
· I had always dreamed about a trip to this country.
我曾作梦到这个国家旅行。
· Don't dream away your time.
不要虚度光阴。
v. 梦想;向往;渴望
hope for something nice in the future
· I never dreamed of happiness like this.
我从来没想到会有这样的幸福。
· The boy dreams of becoming a pilot.
那孩子一心想当飞行员。
thoughts you have while you are asleep
· He dreamed a sweet dream.
他做了一个美梦。
· It was only a dream, after all.
这不过是一场梦而已。
· Since then she has been in a dream with fear always showing in her eyes.
从那以来她就象在梦中生活一样,眼里经常流露出恐惧。
n.[C] 幻想;梦想
a vision coming to a a daydream
· Her dream has come true.
她的理想实现了。
· The boy had dreams of being a hero.
这孩子梦想当英雄。
n.[C] 美好的人或事物
a thing or person or unusual beauty or charm
· She looked a perfect dream.
她长得很美。
10.include
sth 例:Disneyland
includes four differen parks.My job doesn't include making coffee for you.include(介)I don't like eating vegetables,including tomatoes.简单的来说“include”句中由动词就用介词,没有就根据句意来判断是那种句型。
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外语领域专家
&SOGOU - 京ICP证050897号求动词的用法
冥界军团RYJ
动词主要有两大用途谓语与非谓语以买buy为例He went to the book store and bought a book.(句中bought和went一起做谓语)He went to the book store to buy a book.(句中to do表示目的状语)
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英语动词的使用规则
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  英文和我们中文最大的不同,是在动词。我们中文的动词很简单,没有所谓的第几人称,也没有复数和单数之分,更没有过去式或进行式,英文可不同了,凡是用动词的时候,必须注意很多很多的规则,一旦弄错了,常常是犯了大错。
  现在,我要将英文最基本的规则一一列下。这些规则都是我们中国人所常常不注意的。
  为了不要误导读者,错误的句子前面都有〝*〞的符号。
  规则(1):两个动词是不能联在一起用的。
  在中文,我们常说“我是爱你的”,翻成英文,这就变成了
  * I am love you.
  滑稽的是,这句英文句子犯了大忌,因为〝am〞是动词,〝love〞也是动词,两个动词是不能联在一起用的。这句话的正确说法是:
  I love you. 或者 I am in love with you.
  我们中国人也会说〝我喜欢看电视〞,翻成英文,这变成
  * I love watch television.
  这个句子也犯了同样的错。
  以下几个句子都是错的,因为这些句子中都有两个动词连在一起的情形:
  * I hate eat fish.
  * I love play basketball.
  * I love swim.
  如果你一定要讲“我爱游泳”,怎么办呢?请看以下的规则。
  规则(2):如一定要同时用两个动词,后者的前面必须加“to”或者将后者加入“ing”。
  “我爱游泳”,因此有两种正确的译法:
  I love to swim.
  I love swimming.
  以下的句子都是正确的:
  I hate to eat fish.
  I hate eating fish.
  I love to play basketball.
  I love playing basketball
  I keep going to church.
  规则(3):主词如果是第三人称,现在式及单数,动词必须加s。
  我们中国人最不容易记得的规则,恐怕就是这一条了,以下的句子都是错的。
  * He write very well.
  * Jack love playing the violin.
  * Mary swim every day.
  正确的句子是:
  He writes very well.
  Jack loves playing the violin.
  Mary swims every day.
  规则(4):绝大多数的否定的句子,不能直接加“not”。
  我们中文对否定语气,规则极为简单,我们可以说“我不爱你”,但是我们不能说
  * I not love you.
  我们也不能说:
  * I not saw that movie.
  * I not like swimming.
  * He not likes playing violin.
  我们必须用一种助动词来完成否定的句子,以下才是正确的否定句子:
  I do not love you.
  I did not see that movie.
  He does not like playing violin.
  请注意,在以上的句子中,do和did都是助动词,do是现在式,did是过去式。
  关于现在式和过去式,究竟是怎么一回事,以后我们会解释清楚的。
  助动词不限于“do”和它的变型,can、will、would、shall、may、must等等都是助动词,因此,以下的英文句子又都是对的:
  He can not swim.
  They will not go to church tomorrow.
  Mary should not go to the party.
  I shall not see you.
  He may not go out tonight.
  He must not eat meat any more.
  规则(5):在不定词“to”的后面,必须用塬形动词。
  英文中的动词,是会变化的,以have为例,第一人称和第叁人就不同:
  I have a dog.
  He has a dog.
  如果是过去式,动词又要变化。have的过去式是had,不论第几人称,一概都要用had。
  几乎每一个英文动词的过去式都有变化,以下是几个例子:
  现在式 过去式
  go went
  come came
  eat ate
  play played
  swim swam
  不论那一个动词,都有一个塬形动词,一切都是从这个塬形动词变出来的,像go、drink、have、walk、love、like等等都是塬形动词。
  如果我们有必要要用不定词to,就必须用塬形动词,例如to go、to drink、to have,都是正确的,***to loved等等都是错的。
  英文中有一个动词最为麻烦,那就是am、are、is、was、were等等,翻译成中文,这都是,而这些动词的来源都是be,所以我们说这些动词都是verb to be。
  以下的句子都用上了〝be〞
  I want to be a teacher.
  He wants to be a good father.
  They all love to be rich.
  No one likes to be poor.
  规则(6):英文中有所谓的助动词。
  英文中有很多动词都是助词动,在规则(4)中,我们说在绝大多数的否定语句中,必须用助动词do或did。Do是塬形动词,did 和does都是do的变形。
  除了do是助动词以外,can、may、might、will、would、must也都是助动词。
  以上所提到的助动词,都有一个共同的特色,那就是这些助动词后的动词必须是塬形动词,以下的句子都是正确的:
  He can swim.
  He does not swim.
  I do not speak English.
  You must walk to work every day.
  I did not work yesterday.
  You may leave now.
  I will go to Taipei tomorrow.
  以下的句子都是错的:
  * I did not went.
  * He does not goes to work.
  * You must walked to work.
  除了以上的助动词以外,还有一个非常特殊的助动词,那就是have,在这个助动词的后面,动词绝对不能用塬形动词,以下是用这个助动词的例子:
  I have been to England.
  I have slept all day.
  I have studied English since I was a child.
  been、slept 和studied都是过去分词(past participle),以下的句子也都是现在完成式,我们后讨论完成式的时候,会将这些解释清楚的。
  规则(7):英文问句要有助动词。
  我们先看看以下的英文句子,这些都是错的:
  * How many books you wrote?
  * How many sons you have?
  正确的句子是:
  Why do you drink so much water?
  How many books did you write?
  How many sons do you have?
  绝大多数的英文问句子是一定要有助动词,以下全是正确的英文问句,你可以看出每一句的助动词吗?
  Do you love me?
  Did you go to school yesterday?
  How many books do you have?
  How much money does he have?
  Why don’t you go back home?
  Do you like to swim?
  Can you play violin?
  Will you go home tomorrow?
  Would you give me a call?
  当然啦,一旦动词是verb to be,我们又不需要助动词了,以下都是正确的英文问句:
  Are you a teacher?
  Is he a student?
  Is Mr. Chang your father?
  Were your mother and father in England last year?
  规则(8):特殊动词随主词的变化。
  英文中,有些动词因主词不同而改变,verb to be是其中之一,因此,我们必须记得以下的规则:
  第一人称 第二人称 第叁人称
  现在式 单数 I am You are (He,She,It)is
  复数 We are You are They are
  过去式 单数 I was You were (He,She,It)was
  复数 We were You were They were
  Verb to have也有类似的变化:
  第一人称 第二人称 第叁人称
  现在式 单数 I have You have (He,She,It)has
  复数 We have You have They have
  过去式 单数 I had You had (He,She,It)had
  复数 We had You had They had
  (责任编辑:胡静平)
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