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具有重大意义的英文
英文翻译be of great significance:&&&& be provided w ...:&&&& signi ...:&&&& purport:&&&&relevant:&&&&a speech of great significan ...:&&&&historic adj. ①important in
...:&&&&signify:&&&&of importance:&&&&import:&&&&signify
例句与用法Previous judicial interpretations are of great weight .以往的司法解释具有重大意义。The significance of the event does, indeed, seem vouchsafed .这个事件看起来确实具有重大意义。The integrating action of the autonomic nervous system is of vital importance for the well-being of the organism .自主神经系统的统一活动，对于机体的健康具有重大意义。The two movements appear to have been separated and independent, but their close coincidence in date is significant .这两个运动看来是互不相干和彼此独立的，但是它们在时间上的几乎完全偶合则具有重大意义。In his novels "elsie venner", "the guardian angel" and "a mortal antipathy" he mingles light-hearted local colour with themes that could be of great significances .在他的小说《艾尔西文纳》《守护天使》和《致命的反感》里，他把轻松的地方色彩掺入可能具有重大意义的主题。Is an action of enormous importance in the history of world war two在二战史上具有重大意义The olympic games is a significant event for the country举办奥运会是对该国具有重大意义的事件。 It is of momentous significance to gas content prediction deeply这对深部开展含气量预测具有重大意义。 The full implementation of this strategic task is of great importance全面落实这一战略任务具有重大意义。 Government procurement is a very important action of morden government因此，加强我国的政府采购立法具有重大意义。 更多例句：&&1&&&&&&&&&&
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具有重大意义的英文翻译，具有重大意义英文怎么说，怎么用英语翻译具有重大意义，具有重大意义的英文意思，发音，例句，用法和解释由查查在线词典提供，版权所有违者必究。
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All rights reserved北外真题翻译&汉译英&未翻
尽管20世纪90年代全国经济复苏，美国家庭最富有者和最贫穷者收入之间的差距继续扩大。
中华民族大家庭，靠文化价值观—&—风俗习惯、语言、文字——凝聚成一体。但家庭内部也有纷争，家庭延续也有兴衰。
如果没有移民，美国不可能在第二次世界大战期间制造出原子弹；没有移民，美国也不会成为当今世界上的唯一超级大国。
已经有一整年没活动筋骨了，整天坐在研究室里，翻阅资料，逐渐感觉到身体的机能在退化，筋骨像是长了锈，甚至出现腰酸背痛的迹象。
澳门是中国南海边的一个小城，面积现有约24平方公里，人口也不过约43万人。但是，在中国的高等教育发展史上，书写了光辉的开创篇，因为中国第一所西式大学就是在这里于1594年创办的。
Translation:
&& 1) The gaps of income
between the wealthiest and the poorest families in the USA is
widening though the national economy began to pick up in the
&& 2) Chinese nation as a
large family/A large family of Chinese nation is united by cultural
values—customs, language and Chinese characters. However, there are
disputes within the family and ups and downs in the family
&& 3) If there were no
immigrants, America couldn’t have invented the atom bomb during
WWII; if there are no immigrants, America couldn’t have been the
only superpower in today’s world.
&& 4) I haven’t done any
exercise for a whole year. Sitting in the laboratory everyday,
skimming through reference materials, I begin to feel gradually the
degradation of my bodily functions. My bones and muscles begin to
get rusty and there are even signs of sore waist and aching
&& 5) Macao, with a territory
of about 24 square kilometers and a population of no more than
430,000, is a small Chinese city on the coast of the South China
Sea. However, it marked the splendid opening on the history of
China’s higher education because the first Western-style university
in China was founded here in 1594.
Ⅳ. 将下列短文译成英语(50分)
在市场经济的条件下，资源肯定要向成本低、效益高、利润大的地方流动。所以，生产要素往城市和经济发达的地区集中，是完全自发和自动的必然流向。在“全球化”的过程中，会伴生一个副作用，就是富者越富，穷者越穷。不要说“全球化”，就是“全国化”也一样，有钱的地区，就能提供各种优惠来吸引投资，没钱的地区，由于各种困难而屡屡失去机会，东西部差距、城乡差距就会越来越大。在这种情况下，农村、农业、农民肯定处于弱势地位，而保障农民各项权益，都是要花钱的，如单靠自身的努力，情况肯定难以改变，必须由相对富裕的地区给予大力帮助，也包括各级政府的财政转移支付、政策优惠，以及各种社会公共资源的倾斜。因此，保障农民权益的根本出路就在于发展经济，首先得让农民逐步富裕起来。
如果仍旧保持在传统农业的框架之下，只靠那“一亩三分地”，不管种什么也只能勉强糊口，发不了财。要解决当前的“三农”问题，必须从结构上进行大调整，尽可能去赚城里人的钱。而政府则要改善大环境，帮助农民从小农经济的桎梏中走出去，打开新天地，农民才能富裕起来。
Translation:
In a market economy, resources will definitely flow to regions
where there are lower cost, higher returns, and greater profits.
Therefore, it is a completely spontaneous, automatic and inexorable
for production factors to concentrate in cities and economically
developed regions. A side effect, that is the rich becomes richer
and the poor poorer, will accompany the process of “globalization”.
In the process of “integration of the entire nation”, not to
mention “globalization”, well-off regions can offer various
preferential treatments to attract investment while poor regions
may lose opportunities once and again due to various difficulties,
and the gap between the east and the west, the urban and the rural
areas is widening. Under such circumstances, rural areas,
agriculture, and farmers are certainly at a disadvantage. However,
since money is needed to protect farmers’ rights and interests, the
above situation can be hardly changed if they are to rely only on
themselves. Instead, comparatively well-off regions should give
strong support, and government at all levels should help them with
financial transfer and preferential policies, and preferences of
various social public resources. Therefore, the ultimate way to
protect farmers’ rights and interests is to develop economy, to
help farmers become wealthy step by step.
Farmers may be able to scrape a living but can never make a
fortune no matter what they grow if they are still to rely solely
on their small “plot of one mu and three fen” within
the traditional framework for agriculture. In order to solve the
current problems concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers,
fundamental structural readjustments must be made and farmers
should try their best to earn money from rural residents. At the
same time, the government should improve the macro environment to
help farmers throw off the shackles of small-scale peasant economy
and open up new fields for development. Only thus, can farmers get
Ⅲ．将下列单句译成英语。（25分）
1．1998年以来，为了遏止通货紧缩，政府通过积极的财政政策，以扩大财政支出拉动GDP增长，取得了一定成效。
2．社会保障体系在市场经济中的作用毋庸多言，问题是如何加快、加强这一体系的建设。
3．水资源紧缺不仅使中国西部许多地区脆弱的生态平衡遭到严重的破坏，而且危及到了正常的工农业生产和群众生活。
4．9．11事件后，反对国际恐怖主义的斗争对国际政治、经济和安全形势产生了巨大的冲击。
5．反对强权政治和维护广大发展中国家的利益，是中国在多边外交活动中遵循的一个重要原则。
Translation:
1. Since 1998, achievements have been made in curbing deflation
through adopting proactive fiscal policies aiming to expand fiscal
expenditure and promote GDP growth.
2. The functions of social security system in a market economy
are obvious/are unnecessary to elaborate on. The point is how to
speed up and strengthen the establishment of the system.
3. Water shortage has not only seriously damaged the delicate
ecological balance in many areas in west China, but also posed a
threat to the normal/regular industrial and agricultural production
and people’s life.
4. Since the 9.11 Disaster, the struggle against
international/global terrorism has had a great impact on the
international political, economic and security circumstances.
5. It is an important principle of China’s multilateral
diplomacy to fight against power politics and to defend the
interests of the many/the vast numbers of developing countries.
Ⅳ．将下列短文译成英语。（50分）
改革开放以来农村人口向城镇转移势如潮涌，到城市寻求就业机会的中青年农民与日俱增。由于他们大多不是只生一个，其携带的多子女就学问题的凸显，给当地的义务教育带来了新问题。据教育部介绍，目前相当一部分城市尚未将这些流动少儿的就学纳入本区域教育事业发展规划中，对流动少儿的底数不清，尤其在流动少儿大量聚集的城乡结合部，经费压力不断增大导致政府管理不到位。
“儿童公园是什么，我从来没听说过。”7岁的小姑娘晶晶怯生生地问老师。她是父母到杭州打工后出生的，父母一天到晚忙着卖大饼、油条的生意。节假日城里的孩子能与大人外出旅游，她想都不敢想，因为那时候父母总是最忙碌。
她有幸就读的专门招收流动人口子女的杭州明珠实验学校，是三年前由下城区政府、企业、社会共同创建的。如今，这所学校已有来自20个省市的在校生2100多名，师资和教学设备被联合国教科文组织的教育专家认为是发展中国家基础教育行列中的一流。明珠实验学校的老师们说，我们不仅要让民工子女得到正规教育，更要营造一种“文化亲和力”的环境，让孩子们感受到“城市温情”，尽快融入我们的城市文化。
Translation:
Since the introduction of the policy of reform and opening-up,
rural population has been flooding into urban areas. The number of
young and middle-aged farmers that come to the cities in search of
employment is increasing day by day. Due to the fact that they
usually have more than one child, their children’s education has
become a conspicuous problem, which has posed new challenges to the
local compulsory education system. According to the Ministry of
Education, by now there are still a number of cities that have not
integrated the education for children of China’s floating
population into their local education development program. A lack
of knowledge of the exact number of those children, especially in
the zone joining urban and rural areas, and the growing financial
pressure has led to a lack of government management there.
“What is a children’s park? I’ve never heard of it,” The
7-year-old girl Jingjing asked her teacher timidly. She was born
after her parents came to work in Hangzhou. They are busy selling
baked dough cake and fried twisted dough stick all day long. While
urban children may travel with their parents during holidays, she
can hardly imagine it/has never expected that would ever happen to
herself for those days are the busiest days for her parents.
Hangzhou Mingzhu Campus School, which admits children of China’s
floating population only/especially established for children of
China’s floating population and which Jingjing is very lucky to
enroll, was established jointly by the government, enterprises and
other social institutions of Xiacheng District three years ago. By
now, the school has over 2100 students from 20 different provinces
and cities. UN experts on education believe that its teaching staff
and facilities are state-of-the-art among primary education in
developing countries. Teachers from Mingzhu Campus School said that
they would not only try to provide access to formal education for
children of China’s floating population, but also create an
environment of “cultural affinity” so that the children might feel
“the warmth of the city” and integrate into the culture of our city
as soon as possible.
I．将下列短文译成英语（35%）
人有男女性别之分，而法律讲性别吗？
我国宪法明文规定，妇女在政治、经济、文化、社会中和家庭各个方面享有与男子同等的权利。既然男女同权、男女平权，法律应该是不讲性别的，这样才能达到男女平等，才算是真正公平。
但事实上，在法律保护妇女、社会尊重妇女、男女平等的今天，男女不平等的现象依然或多或少地存在着。这是“男尊女卑”、女性依附男性的历史留下的“后遗症”。所以，大家不得不面对这一个现实：在当代，尽管女性的地位已有了很大提高，但和男性相比，还是属于需要关照的弱势群体。
针对这一现象，我国现行法律对女性给予了特殊关照，有专门的《妇女权益保障法》，而在《婚姻法》、《继承法》等法律规定中也有专门的保护条款。对于男性，则没有这样的专门保护。从这个角度讲，法律也是讲“性别”的。
在立法中多一点女性视角，对于当代立法者更具有现实意义。单不说现实生活中存在的男女不平等现象，就是立法者大多数是男性这个事实，便有可能使我们的法律在不知不觉中就已带上男性的印记，所以，立法者必须超出社会现有的习惯，将更多的视角投到妇女这个弱势群体上，在立法中，应多一点女性视角，对女性多一些关怀、多一些保护。
女性，是母亲，是女儿，是姐妹……在立法时多一点女性视角，并不意味着忽视男性的权益，而在于最大程度地实现男女在法律上的平等，从而实现男女在现实生活中的平等。
如果有一天，法律不再需要对女性特殊关照的性别视角，那么，男女之间，就真正地平等了。
Translation:
People Can be Divided by Gender, but Does
Legislation Take Gender Difference Into Consideration?
China’s constitution stipulates in explicit terms that women
shall enjoy equal rights with men in political, economic, cultural,
social and family life. Since men and women enjoy the same and
equal rights, legislation should not take gender difference into
consideration. Only thus can genuine equality between men and women
be achieved.
However, in fact, phenomena of inequality between men and women
still more or less persists in the present society where
legislation is made to protect women, women are supposed to be
respected in society, and men and women are supposed to be equal.
They are the sequelae of concepts like “male domination and female
subordination” and women should depend on men, which have been
passed down by history. Therefore, we have to face the reality:
although women’s social status has been improved remarkably in
modern society, they are still a disadvantaged group that demands
more attention and care than men.
In view of this phenomenon, the China’s existing legislation
gives women special attention and care. There is the Law On
Women’s Rights and Interests, which is specially made for women
and there are articles aimed to protect women in Marriage
Law and Inheritance Law. As for men, there is no such
special protection. In this sense, legislation does take gender
difference into consideration.
To think more from women’s perspective in the process of
lawmaking also has its practical significance. The mere fact that
most of the legislators are male is likely to leave male imprint on
our legislation unwittingly, not to mention the inequality between
men and women existing in real life. Therefore, legislators must go
beyond the existing social practices and pay more attention to
women, the disadvantaged group. In the process of lawmaking, more
of women’s perspective should be taken into consideration and they
should be cared about and protected.
Women are our mothers, daughters and sisters…To pay more
attention to women in the process of lawmaking does not mean to
neglect men’s rights and interests, but rather to achieve equality
between men and women to the uttermost extent in the legislation
and to realize gender equality in real life.
If one day legislation does not have to take gender difference
into consideration that gives more attention and care to women,
then men and women will be equal in its real sense.
Ⅱ．将下列单句译成英语（15%）
1．革命是解放生产力，改革也是解放生产力。
2．计划经济不等于社会主义，资本主义也有计划；市场经济不等于资本主义，社会主义也有市场。
3．总之，几年的实践证明，我们搞改革、开放的路子是走对了。
Translation:
1. Revolution is aimed to develop productivity/liberate the
productive forces. So is reform.
2. A planned economy is not equivalent to socialism for there is
planning under& a market economy is
not capitalism for there are markets under socialism too.
3. In conclusion, our approach to reform and opening up has been
proved correct by years of experience.
国庆节回家，那个黄河边上的乡村，开小汽车的乡亲开始多见，虽然他们穿衣打扮还没有太多的改变，但当我看到他们开上价值20多万的汽车时，我很是欣喜。
但欣喜似乎很快止于一次街头的聊天，乡亲告诉了我这里发生的两件事。首先是旁边村子里一个人被同村的三兄弟杀死在家中，事情起源于土地租赁，因为租金高低的纠纷，欲强租土地的人找人把不愿意接受租金价位的人打了，还发出狠话，打死也就是几万块钱的事，于是被打的一方三兄弟联合起来，有了这一命案，四个家庭随之破碎。还有一个发生在我们村里，收割玉米的乡亲欲从邻居家地上开车通过，邻居老太太心疼庄稼不许，争吵中躺在自家田头说：要过，就从身上轧过。于是车轰鸣着，轧过老人，陪了几万块私了。
儿时的乡村，是可以夜不闭户的。放学回家，有时家中无人，邻居大婶总是招呼到他们家，坐在饭桌前，一切都是那么自然。农忙时，家里农活忙碌，邀邻居来帮，只需吃顿简单的饭，聊聊天。现在这里，生活的认知和价值观已经发生了很大的改变。我们都知道，国家在大力发展农村经济，我也期待家乡环境的改善，也相信很快就会有大的变化，但乡村的这些事也让我思考，我们是否应该在文化价值观方面，做出相应的指点和引导呢。(495)
《国庆节回家》翻译中的主要问题
汉语中充满了歧义。单靠语言翻译，无法准确传达实际的含义。必须了解社会现实。圣经看不懂，古文看不懂，就是不懂当时的社会状况。当时的人很清楚什么意思。即使历史清白、地主、landlord这些常见的词，中国的青少年都不一定理解，中国人的理解和外国人的理解也不一样。
国庆节回家，那个黄河边上的乡村，开小汽车的乡亲开始多见，虽然他们穿衣打扮还没有太多的改变，但当我看到他们开上价值20多万的汽车时，我很是欣喜。
但欣喜似乎很快止于一次街头的聊天，乡亲【几个？】告诉了我这里发生的两件事。首先是旁边村子里一个人被同村的三兄弟杀死在家中，事情起源于土地租赁，因为租金高低的纠纷，欲强租土地【强租一人还是多人的土地，还是三兄弟的土地？】的人找人把不愿意接受租金价位的人打了【打了一人，还是多人，还是打了三兄弟？】，【是地主把雇农打了（旧社会），还是雇农把地主打了（新中国）】还发出狠话【啥是狠话？】，打死也就是几万块钱的事，于是被打的一方三兄弟联合起来，有了这一命案，四个家庭随之破碎。还有一个发生在我们村里，收割玉米的乡亲【是一家，还是几家】欲从邻居家【住所相邻？土地相邻？】地上开车通过【收割前？收割后？为什么开车？收割机？拉庄稼的农用车（奔马、四轮带拖挂）？为什么要从人家地里过？故意找茬？捷径？】，邻居老太太心疼庄稼不许，争吵中躺在自家田头说：要过，就从身上轧过。于是车轰鸣着，轧过老人，陪了几万块私了。
【到底谁不讲道理？】
儿时的乡村，是可以夜不闭户的。【为什么夜不闭户，都不关门？】放学回家，有时家中无人，邻居大婶【是今天一个大婶，明天换个大婶，还是就那一个】总是招呼到他们家，坐在饭桌前，一切都是那么自然。农忙时，家里农活忙碌，邀邻居来帮，【会来帮忙，还是如果来帮忙】只需吃顿简单的饭，聊聊天。【先吃饭，后帮忙；还是先帮忙，后吃饭？】【帮完忙先回家，吃饭时再来，还是不回家，吃完再走；是专门请一次？是为了吃顿饭才帮忙吗？】现在这里，生活的认知和价值观已经发生了很大的改变。我们都知道，国家在大力发展农村经济，我也期待家乡环境的改善【什么环境？】，也相信很快就会有大的变化，但乡村的这些事也让我思考，我们是否应该在文化价值观方面，做出相应的指点和引导呢？【什么意思？怎么指导？】&
杀人案中各个人物及其动作如何表达，才不至于引起混乱，如谁是 lease, rent, let等动词的双向性。
选择谁是victim，反映译者的立场。
有人用A, B表示两个人，意思虽清楚，不符合语言习惯。
it和this。A man was killed by three brothers. It all started from a
dispute over rent. [it指代一个名词；this指代上述状况]
区区几万元怎么说？merely a couple of wan (=10,000) a few wan kuai
(10,000 yuan);&a couple of ten thousand yuan.
A few dozen thousand yuan 可以，但节奏别扭。比较时可用，如：a few thousand or a
few dozen thousand dollars?
Tens of thousands yuan, several tens
of&thousands yuan.给人以“多”的感觉，不用
Yuan为什么大写？
I went home during the National Day, when I passed by the yellow
river, I saw more people driving their cars, though their
appearances had not changed much, I was happy when I saw them
driving their car that cost more than 200 millions.
I returned to my hometown during the National Day holiday. In
the village on the Yellow River, I saw more and more people driving
cars. Although their appearance has not changed much, I was excited
to see them own cars that cost over 200,000 yuan
(USD30,000).
However, my happiness ceased when I chatted with the folks and
was told that two incidents that happened. The first incident
happened in the neighboring village where a person was killed in
his home by two bothers from the same village, the story began with
the rental of land, due to the rental scuffle, the tenant beat the
party whom refused to accept rental offered, the tenant was quoted
as saying would kill the person because of the few million dollars
involved, the victim then garnered the support from his two
brothers and hence the murder, four families were shattered in this
incident. The second incident happened in our village. One of our
village folks, after harvesting and collecting his corn requested
to drive pass the field of his neighbour, the old lady of the
neighboring house refused as she treasure her crops in the field, a
quarrel started and the old lady said in anger that the neighbour
could either drive pass his own field or driver over her dead body.
The story ended with the car drove over her!
However, my excitement disappeared when I learned about two
incidents during a chat on the street. The first one happened in
the neighbouring village, where a man was killed in his home by
three bothers from the same village. The story began with a dispute
over the land rents. A local bully wanted lease land from a
villager, but the owner was unwilling to accept the low price
offered. So the bully hired someone to beat up the owner and
threatened that killing him was nothing but a couple of ten
thousand yuan. The enraged victim then garnered the support from
his two brothers. Hence the murder, and four shattered families.
The second incident took place in my own village. One of our
village folks needed to drive through the adjacent field to harvest
corn. The neighbour, an old granny, refused as that would crush her
crops. As the argument escalated into a quarrel, the old lady lay
down on the ground and
challenged: “If you want to pass, drive over my body!” And so did
the driver. The case was settled for a couple of ten thousand
While I was young, the village was so safe that we need not shut
the doors at night. When I came back from school and there was no
one home,&it was very natural that aunty next-door
would invite me to her place for lunch. During harvest period, we
were all very busy and appeal for help, the neighbour would offer
their help and stayed for simple meals and chats. Now, value of
life and individual’s value had undergone a tremendous change. We
all realized that our country is developing the urban area in full
force, we hope to see change in our living environment and believe
there will be tremendous change, but those incidents that happened
set me thinking, should we do more in the areas of moral values to
guide our village folks to cope with the change.
While I was young, the village was so safe that we need not shut
the doors at night. When I came back from school and there was no
one home, the aunty next door would always invite me to her place
for a meal. Everything seemed so natural. During the harvest
season, when we asked our neighbours for help, the return was only
a simple meal accompanied by a hearty chat. Now, life and values in
the village have undergone tremendous changes. We all know that our
government is developing the rural areas in full force. And I am
looking forward to a better life in my home town. But the incidents
set me thinking: Should we do more to preserve the traditional
values when times are
changing?（可以把原文改得更符合逻辑；极个别情况下才需要故意保留原文的不当）
刚开始认为，不可能是收割机，因为我没有见过收割玉米的收割机。但查了资料，发现已经出现。但译文仍保留了模糊性。（请用谷歌图片搜索找玉米收割机）
农村土地条块分割，不一定临路。临路的农户，有义务让里面的农户通行。
Easement地役权
A right of passage over a neighbor's land or waterway. An
easement is a type of&servitude&.
For every easement, there is
a&dominant&and
a&servient tenement&. Easements
are also classified as negative (which prevents the servient land
owner from doing certain things) or affirmative easements (the most
common, which allows the beneficiary of the easement to do certain
things, such as a right-of-way). Although right-of-ways are the
most common easements, there are many others such as rights to
tunnel under another's land, to use a washroom, to emit smoke or
fumes, to pass over with transmission towers, to access a dock and
to access a well.
另一个版本：
Translator: Chow Wan Ee
It was my National Day holiday homecoming. Along the Yellow
River stood our village, where many village folks, although clad no
differently from our last encounter, were cruising behind wheels
worth well over two hundred grand. That had pleased me.
But my pleasure soon turned to dismay after chatting with a
village folk on a street corner. The folk related two episodes. One
occurred in the adjoining village, where a man was killed in his
home by three brothers. The killing was precipitated by a land
lease dispute. The man had wanted to bully one of the brothers into
accepting his offer price by having him thrashed and terrorised,
even threatening that his life would cost no more than a meagre
sum. Indignant, the brothers went after the bully. The consequence
was one lost life and four broken families. Another incident took
place in our village. A village folk had requested a neighbouring
old lady’s permission to drive through her field to harvest his
corn. Unable to bear with the thought of flattened maize plants,
she refused. In a battle of wits, she lay on the field, defying her
neighbour to drive “over her dead body”. Refusing to back down, the
rumbling vehicle surmounted the determined human barrier.
Eventually, the villager paid a couple of ten thousand yuan for a
private settlement.
During my childhood days, house doors could be left ajar at
night. When I came home from school occasionally to find myself
alone, the aunty next door would ask me over. Taking my place at
her kitchen table had seemed the most natural thing to do. During
busy farming seasons, we would call for neighbours’ helping hands.
Appreciation was a simple meal and a cosy t&te-&-t&te. These days,
attitudes and values have gone on a different tangent. Certainly,
the government is doing much to develop the rural economy. I am
eager to witness better days at home, and am sure that sweeping
changes will occur in no time. But the two episodes struck a
sensitive chord. Perhaps we should also look into shaping
characters and values to prevent the evacuation of moral scruples
when prosperity finally ensues.
文章以小品的方式揭露当前的社会弊病。人们为了逐利而舍弃淳朴的乡风，以致道德沦亡。文章的尖锐并不辛辣讽刺，而是温柔震撼。因为娓娓道来，语调低沉，所以更有感染力，更发人深省。译文希望能再现原文的风格，并且做得更好。
可以通篇使用USD，这样，几万元就可以说a few thousand dollars.
有同学用in front of the machine很好。
明代哲学家王阳明早年被贬到贵州龙场做地方官时，捕获了当地一个强盗头目。该头目在受审时说：“我犯的是死罪，要杀要剐，任你怎么处置，只请你不要和我谈道德良知。像我这种人是从来不谈这个的，甚至连想都没有想过。”王阳明说：“好的。今天我不和你谈道德良知。不过，天气这么热，你看在审案前我们还是把外衣脱了吧。”强盗头目说：“好！”脱去外衣后，王阳明又说：“还是热，再把内衣也脱了吧。”强盗头目当然不会在乎赤膊，于是就脱去内衣。庭上庭下两人身上只剩下一件裤头。而此时王阳明更进一步，说道：“干脆我们把裤头也脱了吧，全身赤裸更自在……”一听说连裤头也要脱，强盗头目赶紧说：“这可使不得！这可使不得！”面对此情此景，王阳明当即来了一番水到渠成的因势利导：“为什么‘使不得’，这是因为在你心中还剩有那么一点羞耻感。可见就是像你这样十恶不赦的家伙，我照样可以和你谈‘道德良知’……”强盗头目心服口服，随即讲自己的种种罪行一一如实供出。
参考译文：The ancient philosopher Wang Yangming offended some
powerful officials of the imperial court and was demoted to the
position of&a local official in the remote
province of Guizhou. During his term, he arrested the head of a
burglary gang. In the trial, the suspect said, "I have committed a
death penalty crime. You can kill me or torture me all you want but
spare me the moral talk. A guy like me never talks morals. I don't
even think about them."
Wang replied, "OK, I won't talk morals with you today but since
it's hot, I suggest we take off our coats before the trial."
"OK," said the suspect, and took his coat off.
&"It's still too hot, perhaps we should take off
our shirts too," said Wang.
The gangster naturally didn’t mind being bare-chested, so he took
off his shirt. Now both of them had nothing left but their pants.
Wang then said, "What about the pants? We’ll be more comfortable if
we’re naked."
"No way! No way!" protested the suspect.
At this point, Wang cut to his point and said, "The reason why you
wouldn't take off your pants is that you still know shame. This
proves that even a notorious and ruthless man like yourself is
concerned with morality. "The suspect was so impressed by Wang's
argument that he confessed all his crimes.
经济危机促使美国的年轻人重返校园
通常来说，如果有一桩生意在经济危机时期提高价格，那么定会丧失其顾客。但是这一法则对美国的大学来说却毫不适用，它们在提高学费的同时却招来了史无前例的众多报名者。就拿乔治亚技术学院系统来说，其28个校区中从电力维修专业到牙科卫生专业均大幅增加了学费，但学生人数却比一年前增加了24%。一位发言人说，校园里的停车位已经满得“使我们不得不将车停到养牛的牧场里”。
全国的大学新生注册率已经达到了迄今最高水平。在十月份，18到24岁的青年人中有41%的人或是在两年制的学院（提供职业培训）注册，或是向四年制（可以授予本科学位）或更高级别的大学报名，而在一年前这一数字为39%。然而与此同时学费却平均上升了4%到7%。（307字）
参考译文：Economic Crisis Sends Americans Back to School
As a general rule, abusiness loses its customers if it raises
prices during an economic crisis. But this rule does not apply to
American universities, where increased tuition fees have attracted
an unprecedented number of applications. The Georgia Institute of
Technology, for instance, has increased its intake by 24 per cent
over the previous year across all 28 campuses, from electrical
maintenance to dental health, despite higher tuition fees.
According to the university’s spokesperson, campus parking areas
are so crowded that "even the cattle farm has to be used for
Registration rate of new students is the highest in the
country’s history. In October, 41 per cent of young persons between
18 and 24 were either enrolled in two-year colleges (for vocational
training) or four-year universities (for undergraduate degree), or
even higher institutions of learning. Last year’s figure was 39 per
cent. Meanwhile, tuition fees have increased by 4-7% on
气候变化对中国农业生产、粮食安全、经济发展、生态保护、水资源利用、公共健康保障都将带来重大威胁。积极应对气候变化是中国实现可持续发展的内在要求。中国正处在全面建设小康社会的关键时期,处于工业化、城镇化加快发展的重要阶段,发展经济和减缓气候变化任务十分繁重。在目前的发展阶段,能源结构以煤为主,经济结构性矛盾仍然突出,增长方式依然粗放,能源资源利用效率较低,能源需求还将继续增长,控制温室气体排放面临巨大压力和特殊困难。（209字）
参考译文：Climate change will pose
serious challenges to China's food production, economic
development, ecological conservation, exploitation of water
resources and public health, and must be effectively addressed for
sustainable development. On the other hand, this is
the crucial stage to achieving the country’s target of a
complete-xiaokang society, during
which faster industrialisation and urbanisation is necessary. China
is therefore faced with the double challenge of growth and
mitigation. In
dependence on coal as the main energy source, energy intensive
growth and low energy efficiency will trigger greater energy
demand, and emission control will become an even greater
challenge. &
无论如何，创造财富的物质资源，不论其初始分配如何，最终是要通过各种各样的渠道，流入到具有企业家精神的人手里，这是自由市场的一个基本趋势。这些人获得对他人的财富的支配权、使用权，以之为自己创造财富，并积累财富。这正是自由市场具有效率的根源。它可以动态地、自发地把资源从资源利用效率较低的人手里转移到资源利用效率较高的人手里。
中国人讲“富不过三代”，其中有一些无奈，但也揭示了自由市场的精髓所在：财富本身并不能充当财富的保障。因为，财富本来就不是财富创造出来的。所以，由于企业家精神积累了财富的人的后代，未必总是能够最有效地利用他们手里所掌握的资源。如果是在身份制社会，这就将损害全社会的资源利用效率。而自由市场向这些家庭提供了足够的制度安排，使之自然地将其掌握资源交给富有企业家精神的人控制。假如他们不愿意这样做，那市场就会无情地淘汰他们，以破产倒闭的方式使其交出对资源的控制权。市场总是顽固地要把资源转移到能力最高的企业家手里。权力控制经济的社会、身份制社会、国有企业制度，都无法做到这一点，因而其经济整体效率必然要比市场配置资源的社会低很多。
所以，假如人们期望市场发挥其高效配置资源的功能，那就根本没有必要去操心成功的企业家退休之时如何安排企业的未来。反正财富、资源是要向具有企业家精神的人手里集中的，只要市场是自由的，这种趋势无人能够改变。那么，对社会来说，最重要的事情是设计种种健全的制度，让那些不具有企业家精神的人可以方便地将其资源控制交给富有企业家精神的人，而企业家只要可以充分发挥其企业家精神、其财产权得到切实保障，自然可以发现、创造出这些制度来。(680字)
参考译文：In any case, material resources that generate wealth,
regardless of its initial distribution, at the end will, through
various channels, flow into the hands of those with entrepreneurial
spirit. This represents a basic trend of a free market. These
people gain the right to use the wealth of others to generate and
accumulate wealth for themselves. This is the source of efficiency
of a free market, a system that automatically transfers wealth from
the hands of those who cannot use resources efficiently to those
A Chinese saying goes that wealth does not survive three
generations. Though it conveys some sense of helplessness, it
reveals the essence of a free market: wealth is not a guarantee for
itself. Wealth has never been a self-generated product. The
offspring of entrepreneurs who have amassed wealth are not always
able to use the resources in their hands efficiently. In a
status-based society, this would impinge on the efficiency of a
society as a whole. But a free market has provided institutional
arrangements for these families, enabling them to transfer the
control over resources to those with entrepreneurial spirit
naturally. If they aren’t willing to do so, then the market will
ruthlessly eliminate them by forcing them to give up their control
through bankruptcy. The market is determined to transfer resources
into the hands of those most competent entrepreneurs. This can not
be accomplished in a power-controlled economy, a status-based
society or a system of state-owned enterprises, hence their low
efficiency versus a society where resources are allocated by the
Therefore, if people expect the market to give free rein to its
function as a highly efficient resource allocator, then there is no
need to worry about who should run their businesses when successful
entrepreneurs retire. In any event, wealth and resources will be
concentrated in the hands of those endowed with an entrepreneurial
spirit. As long as the market is free, this trend will not be
subject to any change. Then, the most important thing for society
is to design institutions that help those devoid of entrepreneurial
spirit transfer their control over resources to those who possess
it. And as long as entrepreneurs can bring into full play their
vigour and their property rights are guaranteed, they can naturally
discover or create such systems.
科学发展观是协调的发展观。唯物辩证法认为，世界是普遍联系的，任何事物的发展必然与其他事物相互联系、相互制约，只有协调好各方面关系，才能实现健康发展；否则，只能是畸形的发展。要实现全面发展，就必须立足新的历史起点，处理好由发展的阶段性特征所伴生的新矛盾和新问题，因此，协调发展是实现全面发展的正确道路和政策途径。协调发展，是指各个方面的发展要相互适应，就是要统筹城乡发展、统筹区域发展、统筹经济社会发展、统筹人与自然和谐发展、统筹国内发展和对外开放，促进现代化建设各个环节、各个方面相协调，促进生产关系与生产力、上层建筑与经济基础相协调。(268)
The scientific
approach to development is a coordinated approach to development.
According to the theory of dialectical materialism, the world is
inter-connected. The development of any matter is inevitably linked
to, and constrained by that of others. A healthy development can
only be achieved by coordi otherwise,
development would turn out to be distorted. In order to achieve an
all-round development, we need to address the new contradictions
and problems associated with the new stage of development from a
historical perspective. Therefore, coordinated development is the
right road to follow and the policy means through which all-round
development can be achieved. Coordinated development implies that
development of all sectors must fit together. That is, we must not
only coordinate urban and rural development, regional development,
economic and social development, but also the development between
humans and nature as well as domestic development and opening to
the outside world. In other words, we must promote coordination
between all aspects of modernization, including production
relations vis-&-vis productive forces, and the superstructure
vis-&-vis economic foundation.
在近日新华社的另一篇报道中，记者在黄河流域一些省区采访时就发现一个奇怪的现象：污染企业“扎堆”的地方，环保部门衣食无忧；而在污染企业被大量关停的地方，环保人员却连工资都发不出来，以至于“治污越好环保部门越穷”。究其原因在于，这些地方的环保部门，或是财政预算“黑户”，或是财政拨款严重不足，主要靠“自收自支”维持生存。那么，为何会出现“财政不养环保”呢？报道引用有关专业人士的说法认为：“关键是在一些领导眼中，环保和发展是对立的，花钱搞环保不如投资上项目，有的领导甚至提出‘宁可呛死，不能饿死’的观点。”
因而，某些环保部门为污染企业说话，某些环保局长更像是污染企业的代言人，这绝不能简单看成是“个别部门职能错位”的结果，更不能以“个别执法人员素质低下”为由搪塞了事，相反，应当引起我们的高度警惕和深刻反思———其背后所揭示出的是一些地方环保执法的尴尬困局。
无疑，只有正视这样的执法困局，只有努力想办法化解这样的执法困局，我们的环保工作才有可能获得良好的执法环境，我们才有可能真正走出“先污染、后治理”或者“边治理、边污染”的怪圈。（461字）
In another recent report of the Xinhua News Agency, the
reporter, while visiting some provinces and autonomous regions
along the Yellow River, came across a strange phenomenon. In areas
where polluting enterprises cluster, departments for environmental
protection do not need to worry about their “” in
areas where such enterprises are massively shut down, the
environmental agencies can hardly afford to pay salaries to their
staff. This has thus led to a situation where the better pollution
is controlled, the poorer the local environmental protection
department is. The cause of all this is that, in these areas the
environmental protection departments are either not listed in the
local government’s budget or the financial allocation from the
government is far from being adequate. They therefore mainly rely
on themselves to generate income for their survival. Then why is
environmental protection not covered by fiscal budget? “The key is
that from the viewpoint of certain leaders, environmental
protection and development are incompatible.” The report says,
quoting relevant professionals. “Local leaders prefer investment in
development projects to environment protection. Some leaders even
suggested that ‘it is better to chock to death (as a result from
pollution) than to die of hunger (due to poverty)’.”
Thus, certain environmental protection departments speak in
favor of polluting enterprises and certain heads of departments
behave more like the spokesperson of the polluters than an
environment champion. This issue can not be simply dismissed as an
isolated phenomenon where a few departments have “misunderstood
their functions”, and even less be excused on the pretext that a
number of law enforcement officials are not qualified. On the
contrary, this should trigger our vigilance and reflection -- what
it reveals is the embarrassing situation of environmental law
enforcement in certain areas.
Undoubtedly, only by recognizing this dilemma can we find a
solution and mitigate the situation. Only then will we be able to
avoid the pattern of “develop first, clean up later” or the
situation of “stop one source of pollution, only to find there is
another.”
胡锦涛在主持学习时发表了讲话。他指出，金融是现代经济的核心。随着经济全球化深入发展，随着我国经济持续快速发展和工业化、城镇化、市场化、国际化进程加快，金融日益广泛地影响着我国经济社会生活的各个方面，金融也与人民群众切身利益息息相关。在金融对经济社会发展的作用越来越重要、国内外金融市场联系和相互影响越来越密切的形势下，做好金融工作，保障金融安全，是推动经济社会又好又快发展的基本条件，是维护经济安全、促进社会和谐的重要保障，越来越成为关系全局的重大问题。
参考译文：President Hu Jintao delivered a speech when he chaired the
study session. He pointed out that finance represents the nucleus
of modern economy. Along with economic globalization, the sustained
and rapid growth of China’s economy, and the acceleration of
China’s industrialization, urbanization, market transformation and
international integration, finance increasingly impacts on all
aspects of our economy, society and life, and is closely connected
with people’s vital interests. In other words, the domestic and
international financial markets are increasingly tied together.
Against this backdrop, guaranteeing financial security is a
prerequisite for the healthy and rapid development of the economy
and society and an important condition for economic security and
social harmony. It has become an issue of general importance.
不能把生态建设和经济发展对立起来，一定要共同发展，把生态资源转化为资本。这就是需要地方政府根据实际情况，做好三项工作。第一要把生态资源保护好，这是最基础的。第二是一定要把生态资源变成旅游资源，在加上文化等资源，聚人气。就是把农业的生态、文化等资源作为第三产业来经营。第三最为重要的，就是体制机制。要让地方政府、企业和农民高度地认识到，生态、文化等环境是一种可贵的资源，让他自己要想着做，不能想着靠政府去补贴。（204）The
common development of ecological construction and economy rather
than the contradiction of them and the capitalization of ecological
depends on the flexible fulfillment of three tasks which are
shouldered on local governments.& Foremost and the
most fundamental task is to protect ecological resources. To
achieve popularity， the Second task is to change&
ecological resources into tourism resources combined with cultural
resources and so forth，that is to say, to treat and operate
ecological and cultural resources in agriculture as those of the
tertiary industry .The third and most significant task is to
establish the institutional mechanism enabling local governments,
enterprises and farmers realizing the preciousness of ecological
and cultural environment and motivating their initiative action
instead of the reliance on the government subsidy.
III. 将下列单句译成英语(25分)
　　1) 尽管20世纪90年代全国经济复苏，美国家庭最富有者和最贫穷者收入之间的差距继续扩大。In
spite of the recovering national economy in 1990s, the income gap
between the wealthiest and the poorest in the American
families& kept growing.
中华民族大家庭，靠文化价值观―风俗习惯、语言、文字―凝聚成一体。但家庭内部也有纷争，家庭延续也有兴衰。The cutural
values, customs, languages, and characters unit the big family of
Chinese nation. Still,& disputes and vicissitudes
occur even domestically.
已经有一整年没活动筋骨了，整天坐在研究室里，翻阅资料，逐渐感觉到身体的机能在退化，筋骨像是长了锈，甚至出现腰酸背痛的迹象。Having
stayed in laboratories and checked references all year long without
exercise, I come to feel my degenerated body function, rusty
muscles and bones, and& signs of backache.
澳门是中国南海边的一个小城，面积现有约24平方公里，人口也不过约43万人。但是，在中国的高等教育发展史上，书写了光辉的开创篇，因为中国第一所西式大学就是在这里于1594年创办的。Macao
, with an area of about 24 square kilometers and just about 430
thousand people ,is a small city located alongside the south China
sea,. Still, establishing the first western-style university in
China there in 1594.it made the brilliant history /was the
brilliant genesis of the development of Chinese higher
education.
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