Uncertainty spreads through our lives so thoroughly that it dominates our language. Our everyday speech is made up in large part of words like probably, many, soon, great, little. What do these words mean?Such verbal expression is not necessarily to be criticized. Indeed, it has a value just because it allows us to express judgments when a precise quantitative statement is out of the question. We have been trying to pin down by experiments what people mean by these expressions in specific contexts, and how the meanings change with age. For instance, a subject is told “There are many trees in the park” and is asked to say what number the word many mean to him. Or a child is invited to take “some” sweets from a bowl and we then count how many he has taken. We compare the number he takes when he is alone with the number when one or more other children are present and are to take some sweets after him, or with the number he takes when told to give “some” sweets to another child. First, we find that the number depends, of course, on the items involved. To most people some friends means about five, while some trees means about twenty. However, unrelated areas sometimes show parallel values. For instance, the language of probability seems to mean about the same thing in predictions about the weather and about politics: the expression “is certain to” (rain, or be elected) signifies to the average person about a 70 “is likely to”, about a 60 “probably will” about 55 percent. Secondly, the size of the population of items influences the value assigned to an expression. Thus, if we tell a subject to take “a few” or “ a lot of” glass balls from a box, he will take more if the box contains a large number of glass balls than if it has a small number. But not proportionately more: if we increase the number of glass balls eight times, the subject takes only half as large a percentage of the total. Thirdly, there is a marked change with age. Among children between six and fourteen years old, the older the child, the fewer glass balls he will take. But the difference between a lot and a few widens with age. This age effect is so consistent that it might be used as a test of intelligence.【小题1】 What’s the right attitude towards the words like probably, many, soon?A．They are inaccurate and we should avoid them. B．They are necessary since we cannot be always precise.C．They should be criticized because there are too many of them.D．Their value is not yet clear since we don’t know their meaning.【小题2】 Why do we do experiments with the words “many” and “some”?A．To prove people are insensitive to these words.B．To prove the words dominate our everyday speech.C．To find out how the meanings vary with age and contexts.D．To find out whether the words can mean a precise quantity.【小题3】 Which of the expressions means a larger chance in weather broadcast?A．PossibleB．ProbableC．Be likely toD．Be certain to【小题4】 Which of the following will least definitely influence the number of items a kid takes out of a box when he is invited to take “some”?A．Whether the quantity of items is large or small.B．Whether the items are candies or toys.C．Whether the kid is a toddler or a youngster.D．Whether the kid is alone or accompanied by other children.【小题5】 What will tell us about the intelligence of a child?A．The consistency of picking up a certain glass ball.B．How many glass balls he will take when he’s asked to.C．The difference between a lot and a few when he takes glass balls.D．Whether there are marked changes in his first pick and second one. - 跟谁学
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跟谁学学生版:genshuixue_student精品好课等你领在线咨询下载客户端关注微信公众号&&&分类： Uncertainty spreads through our lives so thoroughly that it dominates our language. Our everyday speech is made up in large part of words like probably, many, soon, great, little. What do these words mean?Such verbal expression is not necessarily to be criticized. Indeed, it has a value just because it allows us to express judgments when a precise quantitative statement is out of the question. We have been trying to pin down by experiments what people mean by these expressions in specific contexts, and how the meanings change with age. For instance, a subject is told “There are many trees in the park” and is asked to say what number the word many mean to him. Or a child is invited to take “some” sweets from a bowl and we then count how many he has taken. We compare the number he takes when he is alone with the number when one or more other children are present and are to take some sweets after him, or with the number he takes when told to give “some” sweets to another child. First, we find that the number depends, of course, on the items involved. To most people some friends means about five, while some trees means about twenty. However, unrelated areas sometimes show parallel values. For instance, the language of probability seems to mean about the same thing in predictions about the weather and about politics: the expression “is certain to” (rain, or be elected) signifies to the average person about a 70 “is likely to”, about a 60 “probably will” about 55 percent. Secondly, the size of the population of items influences the value assigned to an expression. Thus, if we tell a subject to take “a few” or “ a lot of” glass balls from a box, he will take more if the box contains a large number of glass balls than if it has a small number. But not proportionately more: if we increase the number of glass balls eight times, the subject takes only half as large a percentage of the total. Thirdly, there is a marked change with age. Among children between six and fourteen years old, the older the child, the fewer glass balls he will take. But the difference between a lot and a few widens with age. This age effect is so consistent that it might be used as a test of intelligence.【小题1】 What’s the right attitude towards the words like probably, many, soon?A．They are inaccurate and we should avoid them. B．They are necessary since we cannot be always precise.C．They should be criticized because there are too many of them.D．Their value is not yet clear since we don’t know their meaning.【小题2】 Why do we do experiments with the words “many” and “some”?A．To prove people are insensitive to these words.B．To prove the words dominate our everyday speech.C．To find out how the meanings vary with age and contexts.D．To find out whether the words can mean a precise quantity.【小题3】 Which of the expressions means a larger chance in weather broadcast?A．PossibleB．ProbableC．Be likely toD．Be certain to【小题4】 Which of the following will least definitely influence the number of items a kid takes out of a box when he is invited to take “some”?A．Whether the quantity of items is large or small.B．Whether the items are candies or toys.C．Whether the kid is a toddler or a youngster.D．Whether the kid is alone or accompanied by other children.【小题5】 What will tell us about the intelligence of a child?A．The consistency of picking up a certain glass ball.B．How many glass balls he will take when he’s asked to.C．The difference between a lot and a few when he takes glass balls.D．Whether there are marked changes in his first pick and second one. Uncertainty spreads through our lives so thoroughly that it dominates our language. Our everyday speech is made up in large part of words like probably, many, soon, great, little. What do these words mean?Such verbal expression is not necessarily to be criticized. Indeed, it has a value just because it allows us to express judgments when a precise quantitative statement is out of the question. We have been trying to pin down by experiments what people mean by these expressions in specific contexts, and how the meanings change with age. For instance, a subject is told “There are many trees in the park” and is asked to say what number the word many mean to him. Or a child is invited to take “some” sweets from a bowl and we then count how many he has taken. We compare the number he takes when he is alone with the number when one or more other children are present and are to take some sweets after him, or with the number he takes when told to give “some” sweets to another child. First, we find that the number depends, of course, on the items involved. To most people some friends means about five, while some trees means about twenty. However, unrelated areas sometimes show parallel values. For instance, the language of probability seems to mean about the same thing in predictions about the weather and about politics: the expression “is certain to” (rain, or be elected) signifies to the average person about a 70 “is likely to”, about a 60 “probably will” about 55 percent. Secondly, the size of the population of items influences the value assigned to an expression. Thus, if we tell a subject to take “a few” or “ a lot of” glass balls from a box, he will take more if the box contains a large number of glass balls than if it has a small number. But not proportionately more: if we increase the number of glass balls eight times, the subject takes only half as large a percentage of the total. Thirdly, there is a marked change with age. Among children between six and fourteen years old, the older the child, the fewer glass balls he will take. But the difference between a lot and a few widens with age. This age effect is so consistent that it might be used as a test of intelligence.【小题1】 What’s the right attitude towards the words like probably, many, soon?A．They are inaccurate and we should avoid them. B．They are necessary since we cannot be always precise.C．They should be criticized because there are too many of them.D．Their value is not yet clear since we don’t know their meaning.【小题2】 Why do we do experiments with the words “many” and “some”?A．To prove people are insensitive to these words.B．To prove the words dominate our everyday speech.C．To find out how the meanings vary with age and contexts.D．To find out whether the words can mean a precise quantity.【小题3】 Which of the expressions means a larger chance in weather broadcast?A．PossibleB．ProbableC．Be likely toD．Be certain to【小题4】 Which of the following will least definitely influence the number of items a kid takes out of a box when he is invited to take “some”?A．Whether the quantity of items is large or small.B．Whether the items are candies or toys.C．Whether the kid is a toddler or a youngster.D．Whether the kid is alone or accompanied by other children.【小题5】 What will tell us about the intelligence of a child?A．The consistency of picking up a certain glass ball.B．How many glass balls he will take when he’s asked to.C．The difference between a lot and a few when he takes glass balls.D．Whether there are marked changes in his first pick and second one.科目:难易度:最佳答案【小题1】B【小题2】C【小题3】D【小题4】D 【小题5】C解析试题分析：【小题1】B 推断题。由第一段最后一句Indeed, it has a value just because it allows us to express judgments when a precise quantitative statement is out of the question.可知，这些单词在我们表达时候是必要的因为我们说话不可能总是准确的【小题2】C 推断题。根据第一段第一句Uncertainty spreads through our lives so thoroughly that it dominates our language.可知这些单词支配着我们的日常用语【小题3】D细节题。根据第三行倒数二，三行the expression “is certain to” (rain, or be elected) signifies to the average person about a 70 “is likely to”, about a 60 “probably will” about 55 percent.可知，is certain to 的可能性最大【小题4】D细节题。根据第三段第一句First, we find that the number depends, of course, on the items involved.【小题5】C推断题。根据文章最后一段：But the difference between a lot and a few widens with age. This age effect is so consistent that it might be used as a test of intelligence.可知C选项符合题意 考点：考察英语语言类点评：文章主要讲述了一些英语常用单词和我们日常生活中语言表达之间的联系。文章集中考察了细节题和推断题，考生在作答时，一定要注意文章中的细节，同时注意提高阅读速度。知识点:&&&&&&基础试题拔高试题热门知识点最新试题
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扫描下载二维码短文中共有10处错误，错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词的下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Tom finished his middle school half a year before and then he worked for a postman in his small town. As he was afraid of dogs, he often had a lot of troubles. One afternoon, he tried to take a post card to a bigger house by bike. When he reached the house and got off from his bike at the gate, at once a large dog came run at him with much noise. Tom quickly threw the card through the gate. With his surprise, the dog didn’t make any noise. It ran fast to a card, picked it up with its mouth, carried it towards the house. Tom thought for a while and said to him, “The dog is a better postman than I am.” - 跟谁学
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跟谁学学生版:genshuixue_student精品好课等你领在线咨询下载客户端关注微信公众号&&&分类：短文中共有10处错误，错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词的下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Tom finished his middle school half a year before and then he worked for a postman in his small town. As he was afraid of dogs, he often had a lot of troubles. One afternoon, he tried to take a post card to a bigger house by bike. When he reached the house and got off from his bike at the gate, at once a large dog came run at him with much noise. Tom quickly threw the card through the gate. With his surprise, the dog didn’t make any noise. It ran fast to a card, picked it up with its mouth, carried it towards the house. Tom thought for a while and said to him, “The dog is a better postman than I am.”短文中共有10处错误，错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词的下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Tom finished his middle school half a year before and then he worked for a postman in his small town. As he was afraid of dogs, he often had a lot of troubles. One afternoon, he tried to take a post card to a bigger house by bike. When he reached the house and got off from his bike at the gate, at once a large dog came run at him with much noise. Tom quickly threw the card through the gate. With his surprise, the dog didn’t make any noise. It ran fast to a card, picked it up with its mouth, carried it towards the house. Tom thought for a while and said to him, “The dog is a better postman than I am.”科目:难易度:最佳答案【小题1】before---ago【小题2】for---as【小题3】troubles. --- trouble【小题4】bigger ---big【小题5】from去掉【小题6】run---running【小题7】with---to【小题8】a---the【小题9】carried前面 加and【小题10】Him---himself解析试题分析：文章介绍汤姆大学毕业后，在当地做一名邮递员。具体描述了他在一家遇到一只会取信的狗的故事。【小题1】这句话用的是finished，过去时应该和 ….ago 连用，…before要和过去完成时连用。【小题2】考查词组：work as担当…工作，表示：汤姆在当地做一名邮递员。【小题3】have a lot of trouble有很多麻烦，trouble是不可数名词【小题4】他骑车去一个大房子递一张明信片。这句话没有比较，bigger ---big【小题5】get off one’s bike从自行车上掉下来，from去掉【小题6】一只狗朝他跑过来。这句话的谓语是came，用现在分词running做方式状语【小题7】to one’s surprise使某人惊讶的是。介词用错了【小题8】句意：它快速的朝明信片跑去。这张明信片前面提到过，这里是特指：a---the【小题9】carried和 ran fast to a card, picked是并列关系，前面 加and【小题10】从后面汤姆说的话“这只狗比邮递员好”，说明是自言自语：Him---himself考点：考查短文改错知识点:&&&&基础试题拔高试题热门知识点最新试题
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