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你可能喜欢看到一个句子A psychiatrist can identify effective therapies provided that he or she understands all theories which account for human behavior. 这里这个provided that可以换成if吗？provide和if在用法上可以互换吗？在网上到处找不到资料，希望能帮忙解答一下，谢谢啦。
牛津高阶英汉字典第7版牛津高阶英汉字典第7版provided that 也可以放句首，两个词没有太大区别其实字典真的很好用：）
根据Cambridge Grammar for IELTS（Diana Hopkins，2007）在likelihood based on conditions的说法：&br&Provided/ providing that 可以用来替代if，表达强调，并且多用于书面语。&br&&img data-rawwidth=&632& data-rawheight=&101& src=&/ce05dd8bacb337b03f6eb05a2f32068c_b.jpg& class=&origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb& width=&632& data-original=&/ce05dd8bacb337b03f6eb05a2f32068c_r.jpg&&
根据Cambridge Grammar for IELTS（Diana Hopkins，2007）在likelihood based on conditions的说法： Provided/ providing that 可以用来替代if，表达强调，并且多用于书面语。
provided 比较书面 比如数学题里 if更加口语化
provided 比较书面 比如数学题里 if更加口语化
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whether,&if&用法区别总结
whether, if
用法区别总结
if,even&if,whether,unless,but&for…
whether和if通用，都表示“是否”的意思。一般来说，后者比较正式，在口语中前者常用来代替后者。但两者有时具有不同的暗示。用whether时，正反两面的选择意义较强，问话人并不在意回答是肯定还是否定；而用if时，则比较强调单方面，即正面，问话人希望得到肯定的回答。另外，还要注意从以下六个方面的高频考点：
一、whether和if都可以与or
not连用； 但whether和or
not写在一起时，或在动词短语后，只能用whether，不能用if。如：
don't care whether (或if) it will rain or not．
don't& care&
whether& or&
not& it& will&
rain.& (不用if)
don't& care& about
whether& or&
not& it& will&
rain.& (不用if)
二、在引导宾语从句时，应注意：
1、表示“是否”时，两词都能引导宾语从句。
don't know whether/if I will be able to come.我不知道我是否能来.
②She asked me whether/if I was interested in working for
her.她问我是否有兴趣为她工作。
③We'll be told tomorrow whether we should take the exam or
not.我们明天才知道是不是应该参加考试.
&④I asked him whether he had done all the work
himself or whether he had had any assistance.
我问他这些工作都是他自己做的还是别人帮他做的.
wonder if/whether you can examine him now．
( 注意: 在两个供选择的从句之间若用or字, 则须重复whether一字. )
⑴当强调宾语从句并将其提前时只能用whether。
如:Whether I'll have time to go with you I am not
sure.我很难说我们是否有时间跟你们一起去。
2、宾语从句移置句首时，用whether，不用if。
Whether it is true
or not， I can't say．
=I can't say whether/if it
is true or not
3、宾语从句为否定形式时，通常用if，而不用whether。
asked Tom if Mary& wouldn’t
4、动词discuss，decide, consider等后习惯上也常用Whether引导从句，不用if。
They discussed whether they should leave at
once.他们讨论了是否应该马上离开。&
&We discussed whether the house should be
sold.& 我们讨论了这房子是否应卖掉。
discussed whether we should buy the gift for
三、在下列情况下，只能用whether，不能用if。
1、与不定式连用时，只能用whether．
He can't decide whether to accept or
refuse．&&
2、在介词后，只能用whether。
Everything depends
on whether he is
don't& care& about
whether& or&
not& it& will&
3、在名词后作同位语时，只能用whether。&&&
question whether they ought to stop working was discussed among the
have no idea whether he is
4、引导主语从句时，只能用whether。
he comes or not doesn't concern me．
5、引导表语从句时，只能用whether。
Maria doesn't& know is whether there will be
6、当whether和or
not连用时，只用whether不用if。如:
don’t know whether or not he will come.我不知道他是不是回来。
I'll be happy whether/if I get the job or not我能不能得到那份工作都一样高兴。注意：当or
not放在whether引导的从句句尾，则可以用if来替换。
7、 当whether和or 连用表示明确的选择时，只用whether不用if。
He asked me whether I wanted to go there by train or by
bus.他问我是想乘火车还是坐公共汽车去那里。
He hesitated about whether he should drive or take the
train.他开车去还是坐火车去, 犹豫不决
注:whether 和or
连用还可以引导让步状语从句,此时也不用if。如：We'll go on with the work, whether we can
find the necessary tools or not.
不管我们能否找到所需的工具,我们要把这件工作做下去。
Whether or not it rains / Whether it rains or not, we're playing
football on Saturday.无论下不下雨, 我们星期六一定踢.
8、在动词不定式之前，只能用whether，不能用if。
①The question is whether to go to Munich or
Vienna.问题是去慕尼黑还是去维也纳.
②She doesn't know whether to get married now or
wait.是否现在结婚或是等待她不知道。
③We were wondering whether to go today or
tomorrow.我们弄不清是今天走还是明天走.
④I'm not sure whether to resign or stay
on.我拿不准主意是辞职还是留任.
四、if可引导条件状语从句，译作“如果”，whether可引导让步状语从句，译作“不管、无论”。
were you，I would not buy．
Whether he agrees
or not，I shall go there．
We'll go on with
the work, whether we can find the necessary tools or
not.不管我们能否找到所需的工具,我们要把这件工作做下去。
Whether or not it rains / Whether it rains or not, we're playing
football on Saturday.无论下不下雨, 我们星期六一定踢足球.
五、whether和if均可用来引导主语从句，但if引导的从句不能位于句首。
Whether they win or
lose is all the same to me. 他们是赢是输於我都一样.（此时whether不能换作if ）
It's doubtful whether there'll be any seats left.说不上还有没有空座位了.
(此句whether能换作if)
六、表语从句、同位语从句用whether引导不用if.
The doubt was whether you had broken the beautiful
vase.疑问是你是否打坏了这只漂亮的花瓶。
question whether we'll build another lecture building hasn't been
settled.是否要另建一幢教学楼的问题还未决定。
七、强化练习：
1. The question has not been answered ____ Taiwan will be included
on the Olympic torch relay route.
A．that&&&&&&&
B．whether&&&&&&
C．which&&&&&&
2. You have not yet answered my question _____ I can join in the
party tonight or
whether&& B.
if&&&&&&&&&&&&&
that&&&&&&&&&D.
3．— I d like to invite you to a party this evening.
— Thank you, but _____ I’ll be free I m not sure at the
while&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
if&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
when&&&&&&&
D. whether
4．---What are you anxious about?
---___________
If we succeed&& B.That we can
succeed&&&&&
C. Do we succeed&& D.Whether we
can succeed
5. Only when _____ the painting _____ decide ______the painting is
buying.&&&
he sees, he can
,whether&&& B.
does he see, can he,&&
C. he sees, can he
,whether&&& D.
sees he, he can,that
6. _____ English is his favourite subject
&&& A. I asked
B. I asked him that whether C. I asked him
D. I asked him which
7. _____ they’ll go to the Summer Palace ____ the weather.
&&& A. If;
B. W depends upon&& C.
W depended
D. If; depended upon
8.It isn’t quite _____ ______ he will be present at the
whether&&&&
whether&&&&
9. _____ the 2008 Olympic will be held in Beijing is not known
Whether&&&&
Whenever&&&&
10. No one was sure _____ he would be asked to speak next
whether&&&&
11. It is still a question to us all _____ there is any living
thing in some other places in the space.
whether&&&&
which&&&&&&
12. I doubt _____ he will come here on time.
whether&&&&&
13.&&& The point
is not who said the words, _____ they are true or
not.
whether&&&&
whether&&& C.
D. and how
14. “What did he ask you?” “_____ I would be late.”
D. Whether
15. He treated all the people around him,______he knew or he didn't
know,______.
friendly&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
B. whether, friendly
C. if, in a friendly
D. whether, in a friendly way
16. At the meeting, we discussed _____ we should employ more
workers.
B. whether&&&
D.不填
Answers: BADDC ABCAB ABADD B
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（英语人教新课标）高考语法名词性从句高考真题例析
新课标高考英语语法名词性从句高考真题例析 名词性从句(一) 考点1 连词的选择 1．As many as five courses are provided，and you are free to choose
suits you best.(2012?陕西，20) 答案 whichever 解析 考查名词性从句。所填词引导的从句作动词choose的宾语，引导词在从句中作主语，意思是：无论哪件。且是在特定范围内选择，故用whichever。 2．The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief
you are better than anyone else on the sports field.(2013?浙江，16) 答案 that 解析 考查同位语从句连接词。空格后面的从句解释说明belief的具体内容，是同位语从句，且从句中不缺少任何成分，所以用that引导。 3．Do not let any failures discourage you，for you can never tell
close you may be to victory.(2013?湖南，28) 答案 how 解析 句意为：不要让任何的失败阻碍你，因为你永远不知道成功离你有多近。分析句子成分后可知，tell后接的是宾语从句；根据语境可知此处用副词how修饰形容词close。 4．The best moment for the football star was
he scored the winning goal.(2014?北京，30) 答案 when 解析 考查名词性从句。句意为：对于一个足球明星来说，进球得分的时刻是最好的时刻。was后面为表语从句，是对主语The best moment的解释说明，表语从句中缺少时间状语。故填when。 5．Pick yourself up.Courage is doing
you’re afraid to do.(2014?福建，34) 答案 what 解析 考查名词性从句。doing后是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作do的宾语，故用what。 6．Grandma pointed to the hospital and said，“That’s
I was born.”(2014?四川，2) 答案 where 解析 考查名词性从句。句意为：奶奶指着那个医院说：“那就是我出生的地方。”此处考查的是名词性从句中的表语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。 7．―Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday? ―Yeah，but I have no idea
he did it；that’s one of his favorite universities.(2014?重庆，12) 答案 why 解析 考查名词性从句。Mike放弃了最心仪之一的耶鲁大学，令人不解其故。idea后接同位语从句，表示某个想法的具体内容。根据分号后的内容可知，“我”不知道他拒绝耶鲁大学的原因，故填why。 名师点拨 借助于“连词的特点”和“句子结构”来解决名词性从句中连词的选择。 (1)that引导名词性从句时本身无意义，也不在从句中担任成分。 (2)连接副词when表时间，where表地点，how表方式，why表原因等。若从句虽然主干成分完整，但加入连接副词才使整句完整的话，则空格处要填连接副词。 (3)what不但连接主从句，还在从句中担任主语、宾语、表语等成分。分析从句所缺的成分是做对题的关键。 考点2 who和whoever引导的名词性从句 8．How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on
he goes with，whether his friends or relatives.(2010?四川，14) 答案 who 解析 句意为：一个人旅游多么享受很大程度上取决于他和谁去，无论是他的朋友还是亲戚。根据句末的whether his friends or relatives可知应是和谁去。 9．We promise
attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.(2012?福建，35) 答案 whoever 解析 promise sb.sth.向某人承诺某事。分析句子结构可知，promise后充当宾语的句子缺少主语，且指人，表示泛指，故用whoever。 名师点拨 who在名词性从句中只有疑问的意思，意为“谁”，表示特指；而whoever相当于anyone who或those who，没有疑问的意思，表示泛指。 考点3 名词性从句中whoever，whatever及whichever的比较 10．Some people believe
has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.(2014?北京，33) 答案 whatever 解析 考查宾语从句。此处believe后接宾语从句且从句中缺少主语，意为“无论什么”，故用whatever。 11．
one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.(2013?江西，30) 答案 Whichever 解析 句意为：你们中无论哪一个打破了窗户都要负责赔偿。此处指从“you”这一范围中作出选择，故填whichever无论哪一个。 名师点拨 分清whoever，whatever，whichever的意义。三者均为连接代词，可在句中作主语、宾语或表语。whoever与whatever表泛指，意为“任何……的人”，“任何……的物或事”；whichever表示在特定的范围内选择，意为“任何一个/些……”。 考点4 名词性从句中why与because的比较 12．Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears.No one in the office knew
she was so angry.(2010?湖南，35) 答案 why 解析 该空引导宾语从句，根据第二句句意“办公室中没人知道她为什么如此生气”知填why。 13．From space，the earth looks blue.This is
about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.(2013?安徽，21) 答案 because 解析 考查连词。句意为：从太空看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球的表面被71%的水所覆盖。由句意知应填because。 名师点拨 why与because引导的表语从句的特点：because表原因时，所用句式为：结果在前，原因在后；而why则正相反。 考点5 连词whether的特点以及和if的区别 14．It remains to be seen
the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice.(2013?陕西，20) 答案 whether 解析 句意为：新成立的委员会提出的方针能否实行还有待观察。it作形式主语，所填连词引导的从句是真正的主语；根据句意可知所填词表示“是否”，故填whether。 15．It doesn’t matter
you turn right or left at the crossing―both roads lead to the park.(2012?天津，9) 答案 whether 解析 考查连词。分析句子结构可知，it为形式主语，所以所填连词在句中引导主语从句；根据题干中关键信息词or可知填whether。 16．Everyone in the village is very friendly.It doesn’t matter
you have lived there for a short or a long time.(2012?湖南，26) 答案 whether 解析 根据结构词or就很容易断定填whether。whether...or，表示“是……还是……”。句意为：……你居住在那里是很短一段时间还是很长一段时间，都没有关系。 名师点拨 1．连词whether的特点。whether意为“是否”，在从句中不担任成分，这跟which，what，when，where等不同。that在从句中也不担任成分，但它本身无意义，不表示疑问。 2．if和whether引导名词性从句的区别。两者在引导宾语从句时经常可以互换，但if一般不用来引导主语、表语、同位语从句；与or not直接连用时用whether；作介词宾语时只用whether；后跟不定式时只用whether。 考点6 介词后的宾语从句 17．Before the sales start，I make a list of
my kids will need for the coming season.(2010?山东，26) 答案 what 解析 句意为：在大甩卖开始前，我把孩子们在下个季节里要用到的东西列了一个清单。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中引导宾语从句且在从句中充当need的宾语，所以填what。 18．I want to be liked and loved for
I am inside.(2010?北京，31) 答案 what 解析 句意为：我想让别人因为我的内在喜欢我。what引导介词for的宾语从句，且在从句中作表语。 19．―Have you finished the book? ―No.I’ve read up to
the children discover the secret cave.(2010?大纲全国Ⅱ，10) 答案 where 解析 考查宾语从句。up to为介词结构，后接宾语从句；而答语句意为“不。我读到孩子们发现秘密洞穴的地方了。”，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导这个宾语从句最合适。 20．The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for
he could find about Mark Twain.(2012?辽宁，34) 答案 whatever 解析 介词for后面跟宾语从句，且引导词作find的宾语；根据句意可知，是找到关于马克?吐温的一切，故用whatever。 名师点拨 介词后宾语从句的特点。 (1)介词后不跟that引导的宾语从句(but，except，in例外)，可用it作形式宾语，再把that从句放后。 You can depend on it that he will help you. 你可以指望他来帮你。 (2)介词后不跟if引导的宾语从句，可跟whether引导的从句。 I was curious as to whether he would join us. 我很想知道他是否会加入我们。 名词性从句(二) Ⅰ.高考变式――用适当的连词填空 1．As John Lennon once said，life is
happens to you while you are busy making other plans.(2014?湖南，24) 答案 what 解析 考查名词性从句。所填词引导表语从句，且引导词作从句的主语，指物，故用what。 2．
the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.(2014?陕西，15) 答案 When 解析 考查名词性从句。句意为：延误了的航班何时起飞主要取决于天气。所填词引导主语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，用when。 3．It is difficult for us to imagine
life was like for slaves in the ancient world.(2014?山东，7) 答案 what 解析 考查宾语从句。从句“
life was like for slaves in the ancient world”中缺宾语，且从句在及物动词imagine后作宾语，故选择连接代词what。 4．I think
impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.(2014?天津，14) 答案 what 解析 考查名词性从句。句意为：我认为关于他的绘画给我印象最深的是他使用的颜色。I think引导的宾语从句中包含一个缺少主语的主语从句，故用what。 5．―What a mess！You are always so lazy! ―I’m not to blame，mum.I am
you have made me.(2014?江苏，26) 答案 what 解析 考查名词性从句。句意为：――这么乱！你总是这么懒！――妈妈，要怪也不应当怪我啊。我这么懒也是你娇惯出来的。I am后是表语从句，引导词what在从句中作me的补足语，相当于the one/person that，what意为“……的，具有……特征的”。 6．“Every time you eat a sweet，drink green tea.” This is
my mother used to tell me.(2014?浙江，8) 答案 what 解析 考查表语从句。根据句子含义，这是我妈妈过去常常告诉我的事情，is后面是表语从句，tell后跟双宾语，故用what充当。 7．It’s good to know
the dogs will be well cared for while we’re away.(2013?山东，30) 答案 that 解析 考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，it作形式主语，后面从句完整，用that引导。 8．Police have found
appears to be the lost ancient statue.(2013?新课标全国Ⅰ，26) 答案 what 解析 考查宾语从句。句意为：警察发现了疑似曾失窃的古老雕像。分析句子结构可知，found后为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，因此用what引导。 9．The notice came around two in the afternoon
the meeting would be postponed.(2012?江苏，27) 答案 that 解析 句意为：会议将被延期的通知大约下午两点钟发布。空格后的句子解释说明名词the notice，即为同位语从句。因从句中不缺任何成分，所以用that引导。 10．I made a promise to myself
this year，my first year in high school，would be different.(2012?浙江，4) 答案 that 解析 此处为that引导的同位语从句，在从句中不作句子成分，补充说明promise的内容。 Ⅱ.语法填空 体裁：议论文 话题：电子网络 词数：201 Nowadays，it is common that more and more high school students open their own micro blogs on the Internet.For one thing，it can provide a colorful platform to show their talent.For
，it is a useful way to release their
(press)．And all these make it more and more popular with high school students.
many parents and teachers hold a different view.They think that managing one’s micro blog will take a lot of time and energy，
should be used to study. In my view，I am greatly in favor
this activity.Today the Internet is playing
important a(来自: 海 达范文网:[标签:biaoti])nd essential role in our life.Therefore as high school students of the Information Age，we need to learn to make use of this
(mean) tool to communicate and display ourselves.What’s more，opening and organizing micro blogs need various abilities such as writing，designing，being skillful at computer and so on.Only if we master those abilities can we make a successful micro blog.As a result，we improve ourselves while
(organize) our micro blogs. In fact，micro blog
(oneself) is of little harm.It is your attitude
it that matters.We should take the advantages and avoid some bad effects. 1．答案 another 解析 固定搭配：for one thing，...for another...。 2．答案 pressure 解析 their后跟名词，故答案为pressure。 3．答案 But 解析 前后为转折关系。 4．答案 which 解析 考查定语从句的关系词。从句中缺少主语，先行词为物，故答案为which。 5．答案 of 解析 固定搭配in favor of支持，赞成。 6．答案 an 解析 play a．..role扮演……的角色，important前应用an。 7．答案 meaningful 解析 空格处需要一形容词修饰名词tool，故应填meaningful。 8．答案 organizing 解析 while＋doing...作时间状语。 9．答案 itself 解析 微博本身，填入的词作micro blog的同位语。 10．答案 to/towards 解析 ...attitude to/towards...对……的态度。
2014高考英语真题汇编之名词性从句
2014全国高考汇编之名词性从句
一（2014北京卷）30. The best moment for the football star was _______ he scored the winning goal.
【考点】表语从句
【解析】句意：对这位球星来说最好的时刻就是他射门得分的时候。Where表示地点，how表示方式，why结果；只有when表示的是时间。故B正确。
【试题延伸】表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。解答这类题目，关键在于分析清楚句子结构。通过判断引导词在从句中所作的成分及意义，来选择正确的引导词。连接表语从句的从属连词主要有that, if, whether，和疑问词（what how where when ...)。that引导表示陈述句的表语从句，if和whether，whether...or not引导表示“是否”，引导一般疑问句问句。连接代词主要有who, whom, whose, what, whoever, whomever, whosever, whatever,whichever等。连接代词一般指疑问，但what, whatever除了指疑问外，也可以指陈述。连接副词主要有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等.
【举一反三】I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.
【考点】表语从句。
【解析】句义：我恐怕他比起来一个实践家更是一个空谈家，那就是他一事无成的原因。本文“which is..”引导的一个非限定性定语从句中有一个表语从句根据句意用“why”引导。
二（2014北京卷）33.Some people believe _______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.
A. whatever
C. wherever
B. whenever. D. however
【考点】主语从句
【解析】句意：一些人认为之前发生的或现在正在发生的任何事情在将来都会重复发生。Whatever has happened before or is happening now是一个主语从句，whatever既引导起这个主语从句，也在句中做主语。BCD三项都属于副词的性质，都不能做主语，通常只能做状语。故A正确。
【举一反三】She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do
it takes to save her life.
A. whichever
B. however
C. whatever
D. whoever
〖考点〗名词性从句的引导词。
〖解析〗句意为：她对我们来说是非常宝贵, 我们已经准备好做一切来拯救她的生命。句中缺少宾语, 选项中只有whatever符合句意可引导宾语从句作动词do的宾语并在从句中充当动词take to的宾语。 答案C。
三（2014大纲卷）24. Exactly ____ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.
A. whether
【考点】主语从句
【解析】本题考察的是名词性从句中的主语从句。在本句中Exactly when the potato was introduced into Europe.句义：土豆确切是在何时被引进到欧洲还不确定，但是大约是在1565年左右。Whether表示“是否”，why表示“原因”；how表示“方式”。根据后半句it was probably around 1565.可知本句谈论的是时间。故C正确。
【试题延伸】主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。解答这类题目，关键在于分析清楚句子结构。通过判断引导词在从句中所作的成分及意义，来选择正确的引导词。连接主语从句的从属连词主要有that, if, whether，和疑问词（what how where when ...)。that引导表示陈述句的主语从句，if和whether，whether...or not引导表示“是否”，引导一般疑问句。连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。连接代词一般指疑问，但what, whatever除了指疑问外，也可以指陈述。连接副词主要有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等.
【举一反三】It suddenly occurred to him
he had left his keys in the office.
A．whether B．where C．which D．that
【考点】主语从句。
【解析】it作形式主语，真正的主语为that he had left his keys in the office。且that在句中无意义，并不充当任何成分。
四（2014福建卷）34. Pick yourself up. Courage is doing
you're afraid to do.
D. whether
【考点】宾语从句
【解析】What在句中充当引导词，同时也是动词do的宾语。句义：站起来！有了勇气，你才可以去做你不敢做的事情。ACD都不能在句中做宾语。故B正确。
【举一反三】He thought
mattered most in improving your spoken English was enough confidence and practice.
A．Why B．What C．Which D．That
【解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。此处what作宾语从句的主语。句意：他认为提高英语口语的关键是有足够的信心和练习。
五（2014湖南卷）24. As John Lennon once said，life is_____ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.
A. which B. that
C. what D. where
【考点】表语从句
【解析】本题考察的是名词性从句中的表语从句。本题中的what happens to you是一个表语从句，从句中缺少主语和连词。所以使用what引导起这个表语从句，what在句中做主语。BD在名词性从句中不做主语。Which在名词性从句中表示“哪一个”，一直都有疑问的语义。句义：正如John Lennon曾经说过：生活就是当你忙于制定其他的使，所发生在你身上的事情。故C正确。
【试题延伸】名词性从句要使用陈述语序，考查集中在引导词的选择上，连接词that, whether, if在句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用；连接代词who(ever), which(ever),
whom(ever),whose(ever),what(ever)在句中做主语，宾语，表语和定语；连接副词when, why, where, how，在句中做状语。应从上下句的句法关系着手分析，切不可‘望句形生答案’总的来说，考生在解答此类题型时，可用排除法，造句法或者还原法。
【举一反三】_____ is known to us all is that the 2010 Asian Games will take place in Guangzhou.
【解析】主要考查从句引导词。首先分析句子结构，所缺部分在主句从句中作主语。选项中只有what(=the thing which)引导名词性从句，并且What is known to us all在句中作主语。故B为正确答案。
六（2014江苏卷）26. ―What a mess! You are always so lazy!
―I'm not to blame, mum. I am ________ _____you have made me.
A. how B. what C. that D. who
【考点】考察表语从句
【解析】表语从句通常都是放在系动词be的后面，主语的情况。本句中的what引导起宾语从句，并在宾语从句里放在made me的后面做宾语补足语。句意：真乱啊！你总是这么懒！―我不应该受到责备。是你让我成为这样的。That在表语从句中不能做成分，how在句中做状语。Who指人，通常都做主语。故B正确。
【举一反三】Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s A.where
〖考点〗表语从句引导词
〖解析〗句意为：为什么不到市中心商业区去碰碰运气呢, 鲍勃？那是最好的工作所在的地方。where “……的地方”, 在此引导表语从句。
七（2014山东卷）7. It is difficult for us to imagine_____ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.
【考点】宾语从句
【解析】动词imagine后面含有一个宾语从句what life was like for slaves in the ancient world。
What引导起这个宾语从句，并在宾语从句中作为介词like的宾语。句义：对我们来很难想象古代的奴隶的生活。Where和why不能在句中做宾语，which一直都表示疑问的意思“哪一个”。故B正确。
【举一反三】The shocking news made me realize ________ terrible problems we would face.
【考点】考查名词性从句中的宾语从句。
【解析】由句中的realize可知其后面是宾语从句，且what在从句中作face的宾语，故答案为A项。
八（2014四川卷）2. Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, &That's ______ I was born.&
【考点】表语从句
【解析】When通常指时间；how指方式；why表示原因。Where指地点；本句中的关键词是the hospital，表示的是地点。句意：奶奶指着那个医院说：那就是我出生的地方。故D正确。
【举一反三】―I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
―That’s_______I don’t agree. You should have a more active life.
〖解析〗这就是我不同意的地方.agree 是不及物动词,所以用where. 用表语从句。
九（2014天津卷）14. I think _______ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.
【考点】主语从句
【解析】本题中的I think是一个插入语，可以省略。实际上本句中的what impresses me是一个主语从句，what既是这个主语从句的引导词，也在句中做主语。句义：关于他的画我认为给我留下深刻印象的是他所使用的颜色。That在名词性出中不充当成分，which指特定范围之内的“哪一个”；who通常都是指人。故A正确。
【举一反三】
is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in
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