almost every class 中almost 饰哪个?every是什么词性性?

['?:lm??st]
adv. 差不多,几乎
...险的,但银行利率和通货膨胀(Inflation)让很多人觉得那样的投资(Investment)就是在贬值,但谁都知道投资到银行的风险几乎(Almost)是没有的,不用担心投资的风险。我们因为拥有太多,因而失掉了自由!
基于1519个网页-
appear 99年之后一年多股性已逐渐显现(Appear),股价在99年5月探出明显的底部5元,这差不多(Almost)是上市后的最低价,若没有其他利空,已很难再跌破,年线保持下行态势,显示..
基于453个网页-
埃及的齐丹帽子戏法差点(Almost)让巴西体面无存,幸而卡卡点球轻取,有些交情赛也是1球小胜,你上一次与人吵架(或打架)是在什么时候?原因如何?
基于273个网页-
贪字和贫字只差一点(Almost),在赌钱战争中肯定要千万谨记八成(Bacheng)是仙人,浊水在含混中掩盖肤浅,清水在纯净中蕴含深刻。
基于271个网页-
快要睡着了
将近睡着了
我几乎睡着了
情迷戆猪男
就要爱上你
险些没事了
无缘的爱人
无缘的恋人
就像是天堂
在天堂般的
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- 引用次数:1452
The past five years saw a steady progress in almost all fields of researches of Chinese historical geography.
以往五年间中国历史地理研究几乎在各个分支都取得了坚实的进步。
参考来源 -
- 引用次数:6
Compared with the commentary adverbs,the paper points out that "almost" is an adverb between depictive adverbs and commentary adverbs.
通过和评注性副词的比较,指出"差点儿"是介于描摹性副词和评注性副词之间的一个副词。
参考来源 -
&2,447,543篇论文数据,部分数据来源于
[ '?:lm?ust ]
(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished
&the baby was almost asleep when the alarm sounded&; & we're almost finished&
以上来源于:
['?:lm?ust]
几乎差不多
就算,还算
几乎是…(的),几乎可算是…的,几近于…的
不彻底的,不完全的;有差距的
[口语]几乎到手(但又未到手)的东西
Almost was never hanged. (或Almost never killed a fly.)
[谚语]“险些”犯罪不等于犯罪。
the almost
[美国俚语][20世纪50年代“反传统一代”等的用语]仅次于一流的人(或物)
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以上来源于:《21世纪大英汉词典》
/'?:lm??st/
You use almost to indicate that something is not completely the case but is nearly the case. 差不多; 几乎
The couple had been dating for almost three years.
这对情侣谈恋爱差不多三年了。
The effect is almost impossible to describe.
这影响几乎无法言表。
He contracted Spanish flu, which almost killed him.
他传染上了西班牙型流感,那几乎要了他的命。
adv. 差不多,几乎
almost, approximately, about, nearly, roughly, around
这组词都有“大约,差不多”的意思,其区别是:
指在程度上相差很小,差不多。
多用于书面语,指精确度接近某个标准以致误差可忽略不计。
常可分almost和nearly换用,但about用于表示时间、数量的“大约”时,实际数量可能多也可能少。
与almost含义基本相同,侧重指数量、时间或空间上的接近。
指按精略估计,常代替about。
多用于非正式场合,常见于美国英语。
以上来源于
Almost no one took any rest.
几乎没有一个人歇过一下。
She almost burned the roast.
她几乎烧焦了烤肉。
He dines with friends almost every night.
他几乎每晚都和朋友们进餐。
The study linked almost one in every five such deaths in two thousand eight to the virus that causes AIDS.
VOA: special.
In Lycidas, Milton looks back at the Elder Brother's theodicy, and it's almost as if he's attempting to test its validity.
在这首诗中,弥尔顿回顾了《科玛斯》中哥哥的斯奥迪斯,似乎是在验证斯奥迪斯正确与否。
It's a good time you are in college at university and you're almost done. You've finished your last class.
你在大学度过了一段美好时光,你快要完成学业了。你已经上完了最后一门课。
And so Darfur's camps have become giant prisons, holding almost two million people now.
America had failed to call Rwanda a genocide until after almost a million people were dead.
About 70, 000 people have been killed in the Syrian uprising that started almost two years ago.
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中学知识点辨析 7A 1. 辨析:another ,other,others,the other,the others other 泛指“别的;其他的” ,可以修饰单数或复数名词 the other others the others another 特指两者中的“另一个” ,one …the other…一个……另一个……the other 之后也可接 数词或复数名词,特指“其
他的” 泛指“其他人或物” ,表示除去一部分以后的另一些,但不是剩下的全部,不能修 饰名词 特指在一个整体中的“其余的人或物” ,表示一定范围内除去一部分的全部,不能 修饰名词 泛指同类事物中三者或三者以上的“另一个” ,只能代替或修饰单数可数名词We study Chinese, English, Maths and other subjects. I have two daughters. One is a nurse, and the other is a worker. There are many people in the park. S others are playing football. There are fifty-five students in our class. Thirty of us are girls, and the others are boys. I don’t like this one. Please show me another. 2. 辨析:attend ,join in,join,take part in take part in join 动词短语 可用作及物动词 参加 参加或加入某阻止 或团体, 并成为其中 的一员 参加(某活动) 参加,出席 后跟群众性活动、 会议等。 参加者持积极 态度,起一定作用 其后通常跟表示团体、 组织、 党派等的词join in attend动词短语 及物动词in 后接表示某一项活动的名词或动名词 指与别人一道出席会议, 参加典礼、 婚礼 等, 着重指参加的动作, 不一定其应有的 作用Lots of workers and students took part in the movement. My elder brother joined the army two years ago. The teacher will join in our discussion. Why not join us in singing? Mr. Wang has an important meeting to attend. 3. be able to,can/could be able to can 表示经过努力能达到目的 表示有能力做某事 Be able to 有很多形式,可用于将时和完成时中 只有现在时和过去时;一般情况下,在一般现在时 和一般过去时中可以和 be able to 相互换用I’ll be able to drive the car in a week. I could/ was able to run very fast when I was a child. 4. be good at,be good for,be good to be good at be good for be good to 擅长 对……有好处 对……好 Jenny is good at dancing. Vegetables are good for us. Our teachers are very good to us. 5. between,among between among 在……(两者)之间 在……(三者或三者以上的人或物)之间She stands between Ann and Meimei. Mr Hu is sitting among the students. 6. find ,find out,look for find out find look for 弄清楚,弄明白,查明,查出,指发现、查 明真相或事实,后接名词、代词或从句 Please find out when the train leaves.找到,发现,通常指找到或发现具体的东西, I looked for my pen everywhere, but I couldn’t fiind it. 强调找的结果 寻找,是有意识、有目的地寻找,强调“寻 Can you look for the pen for me? 找”这一动作7. get,become,turn,grow,go get become turn grow go 表示进入或变为某种状态 多用于书面语中, 强调的是由一种状态向另 一种状态的转变 强调的是变得和以前完全一样 指的是渐渐地变成,着重强调变化的过程 多用来表示进入某种状态 常接形容词作表语 可接形容词或名词 后多接形容词,也能接名词,但习惯上不 用冠词 后可接形容词,也可接过去分词 后多接令人感到不好的形容词,如 bad, mad, hungry, wrong 等。The wind is getting stronger and stronger. I want to become a teacher. When she saw me, her face turned red. The boy is growing thinner. Eggs soon go bad in hot weather. get v.得到,获得,收到 Jim gets a letter from his yonger brother every week. We get light and heat from the Sun. Hardly ,hard 8. 1)hardly adv.几乎不;几乎没有 He hardly studies. 2)hard 有形容词和副词两种词性,作形容词时,意为“坚硬的;难懂的;努力的;困难 的” ,作副词时,意为“努力地,猛烈地” He studies hard. 9. have to,must have to must 侧重客观上的必须 侧重于个人意志和主观赏的必须 比 must 有更多的时 态变化 可用来表示现在和 将来, 无人称和数的 变化 否定形式 don’t have to/ doesn’t have to 直接在其后面加 not 变否定, 是禁止的意 思I must/have to go to school now. I don’t have to buy a new bike. 10. in front of,in the front of 词组 in front of in the front of 含义 指在某一范围以外的前面 指在某一范围内部的前面 反义词 behind at the back ofCathy is just sitting in the front of the car, and her friend Mary is standing in front of the car. 11. in the centre of,in the middle of in the centre of 在……中心,在……中央 He lives in the centre of the town. in the middle of 在……(时间、长度、过程等)的中间 Don’t stand in the middle of the road. centre n.中心点;中心,强调的是一个点,习惯上指空间的中央,如圆、球体,靶子的 “正中心” ;另外,centre 还可表示中心区、中心站或重要活动中心。 the centre of a circle the shopping centre 12. in the end,at the end of in the end at the end of 最终,最后,和 finally,at last 同义 在……末尾,在……尽头They found the lost boy in the end. They had a picnic at the end of last month. 13. in the future,in future in the future 在将来,在未来 一般指真正意义上的将来,常指包括 in future 在内的较 远的将来一段时间 in future 今后,从此以后 一般指从现在开始到今后,常指离现在较远的一段将来 时间My younger brother wants to be an actor in the future. You can’t go out alone in future. 14. lage,big,great large big great 大的(反义词 small) ,多指面积大 大的,其反义词是 little,与 large 一样都指具体事物,big 多指体积大,还可 表示“巨大,伟大,重要”等意思 巨大的,伟大的,重大的,除表示数量、体积大外,还指抽象得的事物或精 神方面的东西China is a large country.面积 China is a big country.强调实力 China is a great country.强调伟大 15. likely ,possible 1) likely 表示有充分根据的预测,possible 指客观上潜在的可能性。 2) likely 既可以由人作主语, 也可由物作主语, 通常用于 “It is likely that”句型中; possible 不能由人作主语。 He is likely to come late. It’s possible for him to come early. 16. Many,much,a lot of/ lots of many much a lot of/ lots of 修饰可数名词 修饰不可数名词 修饰可数和不可数名词 many cars a lot of cars many people a lot of water much water much time 17. often,always,usually,sometimes,seldom,never 1) always 表示动作重复、状态持续,中间没有间断,意为“总是” “永远” 。 The sun always rises in the east and sets in the west. 2) usually 通常,即很少有例外 He usually goes to bed at ten o’clock. 3) often 常常,表示动作重复,中间有间断,不如 usually 频繁。 He is often late for school. 4) sometimes 有时,表示动作偶尔发生。可以位于句首,以示强调。 It is sometimes hot and sometimes hot. Sometimes he does it this way and sometimes he does it that way. 5) hardly 几乎不,常和 ever 连用表示强调。 I hardly ever go out these days. 6) never 从不,永不 My parents are never late for work.hardly 几乎不,常和 ever 连用表示强调。 I hardly ever go out these days. 18. on a tree,in the tree 词组 on a tree in a tree 含义 指的是树木本身所固有的东西,及树上长出的东西如枝叶、果实等“在树上” 指的是树木本身以外的东西,即不属于树上生长的东西,如人、鸟或其他物品 等“在树上”There are many apples on the tree. There is a bird in the tree. 19. ride a bike,by bike ride a bike by bike 动词短语,bike 前必须加限定词 介词短语,bike 前不加限定词 在句中作谓语,表示动作 在句中作状语,表示方式20. stop to do sth.,stop doing sth. stop doing sth. stop to do sth. 停止做某事 停下来去做某事 指将 stop 后的动作停止 指停止其他事情,开始做 stop 后的动作 The boy stopped laughing. The boy stopped to laugh.21. take place,happen take place happen 发生;举办;举行,一般指非偶然性的事件的“发生” , 即这件事的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排 作“发生;碰巧”解,一般用于偶然或突发性事件 22. That’s right.All right.That ’s all right. That’s right. All right. 对的,正确的 好的,好吧 身体好,病好了 令人满意的,顺利的 That’s all right. 不用谢,别客气 没关系 对别人所说的话表示肯定或认同 对别人所提建议表示欣然接受 表示健康状况,相当于 fine 或 well 用于连系动词之后 对别人所说的客气话的回应 对别人道歉的回应 When will the basketball game take place? An accident happened in that street. ―There are 12 months in a year. ―That’s right.对 ―Let ’s walk to the park, shall we? ―All right.好的 Are you all right? The trip was all right. ―I am sorry to trouble you. ―That’s all right.没关系 ―Thank you so much. ―That’s all right.不用谢 23. there be,have/has 1) there be 表示“有” ,侧重于客观方面,表示“某地/某时有/存在某物” ,此时不强调 此物归谁所有。 There is a watch on the desk. 2) have/has 表示“有” ,侧重于主观方面,表示“某人/某物拥有某物” ,此时强调所有 关系,主语多是人。 I have many good friends. The table has four legs. 24. too much,too many,much too 1) too much 太多,用作形容词词组时,修饰不可数名词;用作副词词组时,可修饰动 词;用作名词词组时,可作表语、宾语等。 I drank too much beer last night. 2) much too 太,非常,用作副词词组,修饰形容词或副词,但不可修饰动词。 I am afraid this camera is much too expensive. 3) too many 太多,但其后接可数名词的复数形式。 He has got too many pens. 25. which,what which what 哪一个,哪一些 在已知的人或物中进行选择 什么 在未知的范围内进行选择 Which of these books have you read? Which do you like best, apples, pears or banabas? What would you like to eat? What colour is it? 26. see,look, watch,read watch 观看,注视,指全神贯注地看。看电视、看 戏、看比赛、看实验以及各种表演等一般用 watch 看,望,指动作的过程,表示有意识地集中 精力看,但不一定看见或不强调看的结果, 其后接宾语时要加介词 at 看见,看到,主要强调动作的结果,但不一 定是有意识地看,其后可直接跟名词或代词 watch TV watch a game/ match look at look up look for look afterlookseesee a movie see a doctor 作宾语 read 主要指看书、看报、看杂志 read newspapers7B 27. across,through,cross,over through across cross over 介词 介词 动词 介词 指从某一立体空间里穿过 指从物体表面的一边到另一边 指从物体表面的一边到另一边 指从物体上方跨过,无接触面 The train passed through a tunnel. We went across the road. We found it impossible to cross the road. He jumped over the wall.28. agree to,agree with,agree on 辨析:agree to, agree with 与 agree on agree to agree with agree on 同意(或赞成)……(意见) 同意某人或某人所说的话 ( 两个以上 ) 就 …… 取得一致意 见,在……方面意见一致 to 后多接表示计划、建议、安排、决定等的名词或代词 with 后常接表示人的名词或代词 其主语大都为复数形式,宾语只能是表示某件事、计划等 的名词或代词,而不是表示人的名词或代词Do you agree to that plan? I agree with you in all your views. We agreed on a price for the car. 29. as well,also,too,either as well also too either 是副词短语,多用于口语中,用于句末,其前通常不用逗号隔开 较正式,位置通常接近动词,不用于句末,常用于肯定句中 多用于口语中,位置通常在句末,前面常有逗号 用于否定句中, 常用于句末。 在肯定句变成否定句中, 其中的 also,too, as well 都要变成 eitherHe can swim as well. He also wants to go there. I’m a boy, too. He doesn’t want to go, either. 30. be angry with,be angry at/about be angry with 生某人的气 be angry at/about 因某事而生气 Don’t be angry with him. He is only a child. The teacher was angry at/ about his answer. I was angry at/ about what he said. 31. be famous for,be famous as,be famous to be famous for be famous as be famous to 因……而闻名 作为……而著名 为………所熟知 Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake. He is famous as a singer. This singer is too famous to young people. 后接表示人的名词或代词 后接表示事物的名词或代词,还可接从句32. be made of,be made from,be made in,be made by,be made up of be made of be made from be made in 由制成,强调从成品上能看得出原材料 由制成,强调从成品上已看不出元材料 在某个地方制造,in 后接表示地点的名词 The desk is made of wood. The paper is made from wood. The watches are made in Shanghai. 33. because of,because because of 后接名词、代词或名词性短语 because 连词,后接从句 34. except,except for,except that,but 单词 besides but except for except 含义 除……之外,还有 除了 除去……之外 除……之外 辨析 强调从整体中除去部分,即 except 后的部分不包括在整体之内。 强调除去一般分还有另外一部分,即 besides 后的部分包括整体之内 表示对一个人或事物先进行一个整体评价,再就局部或细节提出看法或修正 不能放在句首,其后可接名词、代词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式(短语) He didn’t pass the exam because of his carelessness. He didn’t pass the exam because he was careless.The students went to the zoo except Tom. All but him have gone to Japan. His article is very good except for a few spelling mistakes. We have classes every day except Sunday. 35. bored,boring boring bored 无聊的;无趣的;乏味的;令人厌倦的 无聊的;无趣的;厌倦的 用作表语或定语 多用作表语36. both neither none either all 37. carry,bring,take,fetch bring take get carry 从某处将某人或某物 “带来” , 后面常接双宾语 将某人或某物从说话人处“带到”另一处 去某处将某人或某物“带到”说话人处 强调“负重”或“搬运” 38. dangerous,in danger dangerous in danger 危险的,指句子的主语对别人有危害 在危险中;处于危险的状态 来 去 去 来 无 Remember to bring me the pictures. I won’t take you there. Please get some paper for me. He carried a baby on his desk.39. foolish,silly,stupid foolish 侧重缺乏智慧和判断力 多指头脑简单、单纯、糊涂的“傻” ,多用于口语中 It is foolish of you to say so. Stop asking silly questions. stupid 用以描述人及言行先天缺乏良好的判断力或一般的智能,是先天的迟钝用词,或由于 某种原因失掉正常的反映和感觉,侧重表示“笨” ,指智 力、观察理解力、学习模仿能力等均底下,比 foolish, silly 意味都强。在句中即可作表语, 也可作定语。 It is not only blind man who make such stupid mistakes. silly 40. for example,such as,like such as like 用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子 常用来表示举例,可与 such as 互换。但 such as 用于列举时可以分开使用, 此时不 可与 like 互换。 We learn many subjects, such as English, Chinese, maths and physics. Some warm-blooded animals, like/ such as the cat, the dog or the wolf, do not need to hibernate.for example一般只以同类事物或人中的 “一个” 为例, He, for example, is a good student. 作插入语,用逗号隔开,可置于句首、句 For example, air is invisible. 中或句末41. hate to do sth.,hate doing hate to do sth. hate doing sth. 42. no one,none 词(组) none no one of 连用 可以 谓语动词 单数或复数 指 人或物 只指人 用法 回答 how many/much 回答 who 表示某一次具体的行为 表示习惯性动作不 单数形式 I buy a lot of books in London, but he bought none. ―Who is in the room? ―No one/Nobody. 43. noise,sound,voice noise sound voice 指令人不愉快的“噪音”泛指能够听到的任何声音,包括人的、动物的,以及自然界的各种声音 主要指人的嗓音,如说话、歌唱、打电话的声音,也指动物的“叫声”Don’t make so much noise. At midnight he heard a strange sound. The singer ’s voice is sweet. 44. on time,in time on time in time 准时;按时 及时 Please come on time. You’re just in time. 45. person,man ,people 单词 people 辨析 集合名词,泛指“人们” ,作主语时谓语动词 用复数形式;the people 意为“人民” ;people 意为“民族;种族:时是不可数名词 可数名词,意为“人” 。侧重于个体,无男女 性别之分,常和数词连用 意为“男人”时,与 woman(女人)相对,其复 数形式为 men,有时泛指一般的人, 无男女性别 之分,意为“人” 例句 Some people speak French in this country.person manA young person came in. Any man should do this thing. 46. provide,supply,offer provide sth. for sb. provide sb. with sth. supply sb. with sth. supply sth. to sb. offer sb. sth. offer sth. to sb. 47. sick,ill sick ill (在美式英语中)作表语 (在英式英语中)作定语 作表语 作定语 His wife was sick in bed with a cold. Jane is taking care of her sick mother. She is ill. The ill boy loves making fun of others. 48. smile,laugh smile 与 laugh 1) smile 表示微笑,指面部露出高兴的表情。smile at…对……微笑 The two girls are smiling at the old. 2) laugh 表示出声地笑,有时指大笑。laugh at 嘲笑 His joke made us laugh. Don’t laugh at others. 49. tell,say,speak,talk tell say speak talk 告诉,后跟双宾语, “讲故事”是 tell a story 强调“说”的内容 指“说某种语言”时为及物动词,指“说话的能力”时多用作不及物动词 “交谈;谈话;谈论” ,多用作不及物动词。talk to/with sb.与某人交谈,talk about sth. 谈论某事 My grandpa often tells stories to us. Can you say the word in English? Can you speak English? Who are you talking to? 50. think of 想起,认为 think about 考虑 think over 仔细考虑 think up 想出=come up with think of 想起;记起;考虑 They thought of a woderful idea. think about think over 思考,考虑 仔细考虑 We are thinking about when to go to Paris. Think it over, and you can solve this problem very soon. 生病的,恶心的 生病的 生病的 坏的51. the number of,a number of,the amount of the number of The number of apples is 50. a number of A number of students are planting trees on the hill. 52. used to do sth.,be used to doing sth.,be used to do sth., use …to do sth. used to do sth.过去常常 There used to be a river near our village. be used to doing 习惯于 I’m used to taking a walk after dinner. be used to do 被用于 Pens can be used to write. use …to do sth.用……来做……He uses the bottle to keep water. 53. well,good well good adj. adv. adj. 在 be 或 look 等连系动词后 位于所修饰的动词后 在名词前作定语 在联系动词后作表语 She is very well. He does well in Chinese. She’s a good girl. The book is good. 8A 54.a bit of,a bit,a little a bit of a bit a little 一点 稍微;有点 不多的 修饰不可数名词 修饰形容词、副词的原级、比较级 既可修饰不可数名词,也可修饰形容词、副词的原级、比较级 身体好 好 好的55.a little,little,a few,few little a little few a few 少的,不多的 一些,一点点 很少的,几乎没有的 少数,几个 修饰不可数名词 修饰不可数名词 修饰可数名词复数 修饰可数名词复数 表示否定 表示肯定 表示否定 表示肯定There is a little milk in the glass. I have a little money. There are a few apples on the table. He has few friends because he is new here. 56.about ,on about on 指内容较为普通 常常暗示内容是专门的、学术性的 不如 on 正式 比 about 更为正式和书面化57.above,on,over above on over 在……上方, 表示两者不接触 在……上,指两者接触 在(正)上方,表示两者垂 直,但不接触,也可指“笼 罩或覆盖在上面” 与 below 在下面 与 beneath 在下58.die,dead,death,dying die 非延续性动词,表示动作,常用作谓语,含义为“死” 。 His grandpa died two years ago. dead death dyingadj.,死了的,无生命的,常用来作定语、表语或补语,表示 状态,可以与一段时间连用 名词, “死亡,去世” ,用来做主语、宾语等 既是 lie 的现在分词,又可用作形容词, “垂死的,即将死 去的” 59.drawing ,picture,painting drawing picture painting 60.farther,further farther further 可指距离或时间上“更远的(地) ”The rabbits are all dead. His death is heavier than Mount Tai. The doctors have saved the dying man. The man is dying.指素描、工程图、线条图、铅笔画、钢笔画等 指图片、图画、照片等。指照片时,与 photo 意义相同 指着色的水彩画、油画等可指距离或时间上“更远的(地) ” ,与 farther 可互换 指程度上“更进一步,深远”61.have/has gone to,have/has been to have/has gone to have/has been to have/has been iin 去了某地,表示不在说话者所在的地方,要么到了某地 去过某地 在某地(一段时间),通常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用 ―Where is your father? ―He has gone to Beijing. He has been to Beijing. He has been in Beijing for five years.62.however, but however but 然而,转折的意味较强 但是, 转折的意味很强烈 可位于句首、句 中或句末 位于分句的句首 后面常用逗号分 开 后面不使用逗号 He likes music. However, his wife doesn’t. He likes music, but his wife doesn’t.63.how often,how long,how soon how often how long how soon 多久一次,提问动作发生的频率 (延续)多长时间,用 for 或 since,引导时间状语回答 还要多长(时间) ,才 ……,多用于将来时,用“ in+ 一段时间”回答 ―How often do you go home? ―Three times a week. ―How long did you stay there? ―For 3 days. ―How soon will they come back? ―They ’ll come back in two weeks.64.in this way,in the way,on the way,by the way in this way in the way on the way by the way 用这种方法,这样 挡道 在路上 顺便问一下, 顺便说一下 Only in this way can we do better in English. Look, a car is in the way. I met my uncle on the way to school. By the way, what time is it? 65.instead ,instead of instead istead of 代替,顶替 代替,而不是 位于句首或句末 后接名词、代词或动名词Instead I’ll stay at home and do my homework. I’ll read newspapers instead of seeing a film. 66.invent ,discover invent discover 发明 指客观上没有,发明以前未曾有过的东西,如发明新的使用工具、方法等 发现 指发现客观已存在,但不为人知的东西或事情 Gilbert discovered electricity, but Edison invented the electric light bulb. 67.one ,it ,that it one that 泛指上文提及的同类人或事物中的一个 特指上文提到的同一事物 常用于比较结构中,代替前面提到的名词 I lost my pen. I must buy one. The coat is hers. It’s very beautiful. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai.68.opinion,advice opinion advice [C],意见;看法;观点,指对某一事物的看法、意见 [U]忠告;意见;建议,指提出善意或建设性的忠告 或意见;也可指向有经验的人征求意见 You should ask the opinion of the doctor. a piece of advice Marx gave some advice on how to learn a foreign language69.rise,raise rise raise 70.special,specially special specially adj. adv. 特殊的、特别的,其反义词是 ordinary,强调事 物特有的性质或专门的目的、用途 特别地,尤其 There is something special you can do in the park. I came here specially to see you. vi. vt. 表示太阳的升起、河水的上涨、价格的上升等 可以表示举手、升国旗,并且还有“饲养、筹集”之意71.sometimes,Sometime,Sometime,Some time sometimes some times sometime some time 有时 几次;几倍 某时 一段时间 Sometimes she has lunch at school. I’ve been to the museum some times. I’ll visit Daming sometime this summer vacation. She has lived here for some time.分开为一段 some time,相连是某时 sometime,分开 s 是倍次 some times,相连 s 是有时 sometimes 72.spend,pay,take,cost spend pay take cost 人 人 it 物 1) spend …on sth. 2) spend… (in) donigsth. 1) pay for sth. 2) pay sb. for sth. It takes sb. some time to do sth. Sth. costs (sb.) some money 指花费时间或金钱 指为某物支付金钱 指花费时间 指花费金钱 73.such ,so such +a/an+adj.+[C]单数 +adj.+[U] +adj.+[C]复数 so +adj./adv. +adj.+a/an+[C]单数 +many/few/much/little(少)+[C]复数/[U] 名前 such,形副 so,多多少少也用 so Little 属特殊, “小”用 such,“少”用 so 74.what ’s sb. like,what does sb. like,what does sb. look like what’s sb. like what does sb. like what does sb. look like 75.when,as ,while when 当(在)……时候,可表瞬间或时间段,主从句所表 示的动作、事件可同时发生,也可按先后顺序发生 当……时候,一边……一边…… 正当(正在)……时(指时间) ,用于指同时进行的 两个延续性动作相伴随而发生,常对同类的两个动 作进行对比,while 从句中动词须是延续性动作 从句时态多用一般现在时或一般过去 时。从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动 词,也可以是非延续性动词 强调的是不同的动作同时发生 从句常常要用进行时;如果主句和从句 中的动作是两个同时进行的动作或事 件,那么主句也要用进行时 某人如何 某人喜欢什么 某人长什么样 用于询问某人的性格、品质等 用于询问某人的喜好 用于询问某人的外貌as whileHe watched TV as he shouted. Some students were reading while others were writing. While we were having a meeting, Li Ming came in. It was snowing when we got to the airport. 76.hope,wish wish wish to do wish sb. to do Wish+that 从句,表示某种强 烈而难以实现的“愿望“ I wish to place an order right now. I wish him to make progress. I wish I could fly like a bird.表示良好的“祝愿“,后接” I wish you happy. 宾语+宾补(形容词或名词) I wish you a pleasant journey. hope hope to do Hope+that 从句,表示可以实 现或能达到的“希望” 8B 77.add to,add add… to… add to 把……加到……上 添加,增添(其宾语多为困难、欢乐等抽象名词) Please add some salt to the water. Every failure one meets with adds to one’s experience. We hope to see you again. We hope that we can see you again. 78.after,later after later 介词 副词 形容词 在……之后 后来 后来的 常用于过去时态, “after+一段时间”表示“在 某段时间之后” 常用于过去时或将来时, “一段时间+later ” 修饰名词After two years, he died in London. Tom left for Shanghai two weeks later. 79.all the time,always all the time always 副词性短语 频率副词 一直,总是 总是 表示自某个特定阶段开始,一直到结束,不表示频率,常位于句末 表示动作的反复、状态的持续,中间没有间断,其反义词是 与进行时连用时,常常有不满、赞美等感情色彩We are dancing all the time. Tom always studies hard. 80.believe in sb.,believe sb. believe in sb. Believe sb. 信任某人 相信某人(所说的话是真的)I believe him, but I can’t believe in him. 81.during,in,for during in for 用于某事是在某一段时间之内发生时,强调动作或状态 的持续性 一般情况下可与 during 互换,但表示某一动作发生在某 一时间段内时,宜用 in 用于某事持续多久时 82.frightened,afraid,scary frightened 与 afraid 二者都意为“害怕的” ,且都是形容词,但 frightened 可以作表语或定语,是“惊恐的, 害怕的,受惊的”之意,意指受了惊吓之后的害怕;而 afraid 不用做定语,后接从句时 表示“担心”的心理,后接 of sth./ sb.,时表示“害怕某事 83.keep doing sth.,keep on doing sth. 1) 继续做某事,反复做某事,可互换,只是 keep on 更加强调实践的间隔性和动作的反复 性,及某人做某事的决心。 The boy kept/ kept on asking some silly questions in class. 2) 若表示连续不断的动作或某一动作的持续状态,只宜用 keep doing sth. They kept standing outside the room during all the meeting. 3) 若表示今后或将来继续做某事,则只宜用 keep on doing sth. We must keep on working hard in the coming new year. 84.lonely,alone lonely alone 形容词 形容词 副词 表语 定语 表语 状语 孤独的;寂寞的 偏僻的;荒凉的 孤单的;孤独的 单独地;独自地 客观感受 主观感受 During those three months he asked a lot of questions. We usually take a holiday in July. Tom was in school for only three months. 85.loud,loudly,aloud loud loudly aloud 86.lovely,lively lovely lively adj. adj. 可指人,也可指物 修饰人 可爱的;迷人的(外观、外貌) 精力充沛的;活跃的;修饰物,多指“热闹的,有生气的” 表示“声音大” ,作形容词时,可以作表语或定语;作副词时,常与 laugh, read,speak,talk 等动词搭配使用,还可以与 loudly 替换使用 用法较正式,含有一点贬义,尤指“吵闹地,喧哗地” ,可与任何表示声响的 动词搭配 多指出声,可以让人听得见,但声音不一定很大,是副词。Mount Tai has many lovely scenes. Jack is a lively boy. Paris is a lively city. 87.make up one’s mind,decide 1) 两者的共同点是都表示“决定,决心” ,后接动词不定式作宾语。 2) 不同点是:make up one’s mind 与“迟疑、动摇”等相对,强调“打定主意,下定决心” ; decide 指经过思考对疑难问题或争论等作出决断,含有下决心取舍的意思。 After he graduated from high school, he made up his mind to be a vet.w We decided to go to the zoo. 88.nearly,almost It was already nearly eight o’clock. The beach was nearly empty. nearly 所指时间或距离相 差的程度一般比 almost 大 其 前 可 用 very,pretty,not 等 词 修 饰 , 但 almost 之前不能用这些词 not 修饰 nearly 意为“远非” “远不及” , almost 不能用 not 修饰 nearly 在英国英语中更为常见 almost 主要指程度上、空 间距离上、时间等 相差无几 可用于 any 以及 no, none, nobody, nothing, never 等否定词之前,但 nearly 不可以 Almost 可表示十分相似(但又不完全相 同) ,此时不用 nearly Almost 多用在美国英语中 89.message,information,news information message news 消息,情报,信息 消息;信息 消息,新闻 90.reach,get,arrive arrive vi. 常与 at 或 in 连用。表示到达村、镇,车站、机场等小 地方时,要用介词 at;表示达到国家、大城市时,要 用介词 in 其后须接介词 to,多用于口语中。若接地点副词,则不 We can arrive at the train station at two o’clock. I fell in love with the city as soon as I arrived in Dalian. Write to me when you get to Chongqing. 不可数名词 可数名词 不可数名词 指通过观察、阅读、调查或交谈等获得的消息、情报、资料等 一般指用口头或书面传递的消息 常指报纸、电台或电视报道的最新消息 Almost no one came to the party. Our cat understands everything ― he’s almost human. We very nearly missed the train. It’s not nearly so difficult as you imgaine.getvi. 用介词 to reach vt. 其后直接跟宾语,一般不接地点副词 91.require,need require vt. 需要;依靠I usually get home at half past five in the faternoon. He reached Shanghai last month.后接不定式的被动形式(to be done);后接动名词,用主动形式表示 被动意义(主语多为物) ;后接从句,从句常用虚拟语气,从句谓语 should 可省略;后接复合宾语(require sb. to do sth.) 后接不定式;不定式的被动形式(to be done);后接动名词,用主动 形式表示被动意义(主语多为物) 跟动词原形,多用于疑问句和否定句中needvt. 情态动词需要 需要Plants require watering every day.= Plants require to be watered every day. They require that I (should) appear. I need to buy a new bike. The room needs to be cleaned.=The room needs cleaning. 92.wear,put on,have on,in,dress wear put on have… on in dress 93.whole,all whole 与 all 1) whole 一般与普通形容词一样,将冠词、物主代词等限定词放在其前,而 all 要把限定词 等放在其后。 my whole life= all my life 我的一生 the whole school= all the school 2) whole 一般不修饰不可数名词或物质名词,修饰可数名词复数时一般在其前加数量词, 而 all 能用于各种情况。three whole days 三整天 all the money 所有的钱 9B 94.advice ,suggestion advice suggestion 不可数名词 可数名词 指侧重根据个人经验、学识和判断而提出的“忠言、劝告” 指为改进工作、解决困难等提出的“建议、提议” ,有时含所提 建议不一定正确,仅供参考的意味 穿着 穿上 穿着 穿着 给(某人)穿 表状态 表动作 表状态 表状态 表动作 可接衣服、鞋帽、眼镜、耳环等 可接衣服、鞋帽等 可接衣服,但无进行时态,宾语是代词时,只能放在中间 后接衣服、颜色 后接人而不是衣服95.as a result of,as a result as a result of as a result 介词短语 由于… 后跟名词、代词等 后跟事情的结果 副词短语 结果 I was late as a result of the heavy rain. He got up late today. As a result, he missed the early bus. 96.die from,die of die from 由于而死,多指死于外因,后常表示灾祸、衰That solider died from the 弱、负伤等的名词 die of 因(患)而死,多指死于内因,后常接表示年 老、疾病、情感等的名词deadly wound. The worker died of an illness.97.each,every 单词 each every 与 of 连用 可以 所指个数 两者或两者以上 含义 指确定数目的每一个 泛指, 指“任何一个”不可 三者或三者以上 Each girl sitting over there is my student. Every man must do his best. 98.fall over,fall down,fall off fall over fall down fall off 强调“向前摔倒,跌倒” 强调“滑倒,倒下” ,后接宾语时应 加上介词 from 强调“跌落,从上掉下来,后直接 接宾语,相当于 fall down fromThere is too much snow on the ground. Be careful, or you will fall over. The boy hit the tree so hard that he fell down. If people run across the road, they may fall down. The girl fell off the bike.(= The girl fell down from the bike.)99.hurt,injure,wound hurt injure wound 强调引起身体疼痛 尤指在事故中伤害、使受伤 指身体受伤,尤指用武器伤害 I hurt my leg yesterday. Nobody was injured in the accident. He wounded in the battle.100.in the end,finally,at last at last 往往用于经历过一番周折后才到来,因而带有较浓厚的感情色彩。有时可与 finally 互换。 finally 表示先后顺序的“最后” ,还可表示等了好久后“终于” 。它的语气较轻,一般不带感 情色彩。 Finally he succeeded. in the end“终于,最后”指经过许多变化、困难和捉摸不定的情况后才发生,还可以用于 预知未来。Finally 与 at last 无此用法。 She will be an artist in the end. 101.litter,garbage,rubbish,waste litter garbage rubbish waste 垃圾 垃圾 垃圾 尤指公共场所丢弃的小片垃圾,如纸片、果皮、塑料袋、易拉罐、饮料瓶等 常用于美国英语 常用于英国英语,与 garbage 同义,指必须及时清除的剩余物,如厨房垃圾、 生活垃圾废物,废品 可表“废物”的总称 Pick up all the litter after the party, please. Please throw away the garbage/rubbish at once. It smells terrible. He made a toy car with waste. 102.living,alive living alive 形容词 活的,活着的 活(着)的 既可作表语又可作定语,既可用于人也可用于物 不用于名词前,只作表语 103.on,in,at on 在星期几 在几月几日 在节日当天 在具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上 在有限定词修饰的上午、下午或晚上 in at 泛指在上午、下午或晚上 在某年、某月、某个季节 在具体钟点前 习惯搭配 on Monday on May 1st on New Year ’s Day on Sunday morning on the afternoon of July 7th on a cold winter morning in the evening in 2013 at eleven at noon at nightat noon 在中午 at night 在晚上 at midnight 在午夜 at/on the weekend 在周末 104.receive,accept receive accept 表示某人“收到”某物,但不一定收下,动作 本身有一定的被动性 指经过考虑后自愿“接受”他人给的东西(如 礼物、好意、批评等) ,动作本身是主动的 On my twentieth birthday I received several gifts. She was very glad to accept the invitation.105.reply,answer 1) answer 和 reply 都可以作不及物动词,都有“回答”的意思,有时可以通用。但 reply 比 answer 正式,一般指经过思考的、有针对性的、较详细的答复。 The girl cried, but didn’t answer/reply. 2) answer 和 reply 都可以作及物动词, 意为 “答道, 回答说” 。 但是两者有明显区别。 Answer 可以直接跟名词、代词和宾语从句;而 reply 只能跟宾语从句或直接引语,不能直接跟 人或物 (sb./sth.) 作宾语, 但作不及物动词时 reply 加介词 “to”后可跟人或物, 意为“对…… 做出回答” 。 He answerd/ replied that he didn’t know the person. Can you answer him? Please reply to my question. 3) answer 和 reply 都可作名词,意为“回答,答复” ,一般都可通用。 I asked him, but he gave no reply. 9A 106.at first,first of all at first first of all 起初;当初 首先,第一 相当于 in the beginning,与后来发生的时相对照,其反义词组为 at last (最 后,终于) 相当于 first,表示顺序,是时间上或一系列行动的开始,后面往往接 next, then 等。107.at the top of,on the top of at the top of on the top of 在上端/顶端,at 侧重“点” ,at 后的 the 不能省略 一个东西直接放在另一个东西上面(顶部) ,用 on 侧重“面”的接触,on 后的 the 可省略 There stands a tall tree at the top of the hill. Please put these books on the top of the desk. 108.below,under below under 常指在某物体之下,但不一定在该物的 正下方,与 above 相对 通常表示位置处于正下方,与 over 相对 A boat is below the bridges. A cat is under the table.109.gone,lost,missing gone lost missing 表示“失去” ,包括“ (东西)没了; (时间)过去了; (人)去世” 等,而且语气肯 定 广义的“丢失” ,有可能找回,也有可能找不回 强调某人或某物暂时找不着了(含最终看可能找到之意)110.in order to,in order that 两者有 “为了……” 之意, in order to 后接动词原形, 而 in order that 后接从句, 相当于 so that。 We started early in order that we could arrive before dark. = We started early so that we could arrive before dark. =We started early in order to arrive before dark. 111.luckily,luck,lucky 单词 luckily lucky luck 词性 副词 形容词 名词 含义 幸运地,幸 好 运气好的, 幸运的 运气 辨析 常用在句首,表示谈话人的评论,在句中通常作 状语 在句中作定语或表语 在口语中可以用于祝愿,也可用于诅咒112.manage to do sth.,try to do sth. 1) manage 后常接名词或动词不定式作宾语, 不接动名词。 manage to do sth.暗含 succeed in doing sth.之意,即经过努力达到了目的,重点在于结果。 He managed to finish the work on time. 2) try 后常接动词不定式或动名词作宾语。它接动词不定式时,表示“努力做某事” ,强调 尽力做某事(但不一定成功) ;接动名词时,表示“试着做某事” She will try to learn English well. We shall try using another method. 113.meal,dinner meal dinner 一顿饭 晚饭,正餐 可指早餐、午餐或晚餐 晚上的主餐,尤指正式用餐。如果一天的主餐在中午,也可叫做 dinner.114.most ,most of 1)most of……中的大多数,后接代词的宾格,也可接名词。其后接名词时,这个名词前 必须有形容词性物主代词或定冠词修饰,它表示一种部分与整体的关系。most of them 他们 中的大多数 most of his books 2)most 作形容词可直接修饰名词,意为“大多数……” most students/ boys/ girls 115.out of date,out of style out of date 过时的;陈旧的,强调陈旧了 This coat is out of date. out of style过时的;不时髦的,强调款式、风格等不在流行了This coat is out of style.116.pleasure,pleasant,pleased pleasure pleasant pleased 可数名词 不可数名词 形容词 形容词 乐事,快事 高兴;快乐;愉快 take pleasure in (doing ) sth. 令人愉快的,宜人的,通常修饰物 高兴的;愉快的 be pleased with 对……感到满意,be pleased to do sth.117.real,ture real true 强调客观存在,并非想象的或虚构的,即某物外表与 实质之间有一致性 强调事实与实际情况相符,并非社稷、捏造的,符合 一定标准、一定模式 Christmas Father isn’t real person. It is true that he is dead?118.win ,beat win beat 后常接 game, match, prize 等名词作宾语,它的宾语 不能是指人的名词或代词 后常接表示人或相当于人的名词或代词作宾语 I’m sure you will win the game. Li Lei beat all the rivals in the 100-meter race.119.in 和 into 单词 into in own have 含义 表示动作方向的动态介词,意为“到……里面去” ,常与表示动作的动 词连用 表示物体位置的静态介词,意为“在……里面” 拥有,强调具有法律上的所有权 反义词(组) out of out120.own,have 表示某人或某物“拥有、具有、某事物或某性质,是比较客观的说法,强 调所属关系 121.problem, question problem question 指一些麻烦或困难的问题。相当于 difficult question 指比较容易解决或回答的问题a scientific problem The teacher asks the questions and the students answer them. 122.quite, very 1) 在一般情况下,quite 和 very 在修饰形容词时可互换。 The picture is quite/very beautiful. It’s not quite/very hot today. 2) 在修饰表示精神状态的形容词时,用 very,不用 quite I am very sorry to hear that. 3) quite 可以单独用来修饰动词,但 very 不可单独用来修饰动词,而必须用 very much 来 修饰动词。 I quite like swimming.=I like swimming very much. 4) very 通常放在不定冠词之后,而 quite 则常放在不定冠词之前。 It is a very cold morning. She is quite a lovely girl. 123. else 与 other 1) else 常用于修饰不定代词、疑问代词或疑问副词,也可以修饰 all, much, little 等词,修 饰这些词时,else 要位于其后,作后置定语。 Why didn’t you come? Everyone else was here. I’m taking a few clothes and some books, not much else. 2) else 还可以构成名词所有格,即“else’s,另外的/其他的人或事物的 That must be someone else’s pen. It’s not my elder sister ’s. 3) other adj.用以修饰名词或代词,作定语。 We learn Chinese, maths, English and some other subjects at school. 4) other 作代词,可以单独作主语、宾语、表语,其复数形式为 others. Some students are playing under the tree. Others are flying kites over there. 123.enjoy, love, like 单词 enjoy love like 124.in, on, to in on to 在某个范围之内 在某个范围之外 Suzhou is in Jiangsu Province. Jiangsu is Shandong. on the south of 含义 “喜爱,享受……的乐趣” ,具有满足感 “热爱” ,反义词指引起深厚的强烈的感情,并有依附感 “喜欢” ,反义词指不反感,但不引起强烈的感情和迫切的愿望在某个范围之外,两地 不接壤 125.stay, live stay live 作动词时往往指“暂住;短期停留;逗留”Janpan is to th east of China.作动词时意为“居住” ,指长期居住、生活或表示家住在某地126. 辨析:let’s 与 let us let’s Let’s do sth.咱们去做某事吧,即提出建议,劝使对方一同做某事 Let us do sth.让/允许我们做某事,即向对方提出请求,对方并不参与 Let ’s have a rest, shall we? Let us have a rest, will you? 127fix, mend let usfix 适用于美国口语,与 repair 用法相同,两者适用的对 象范围广,从道路、机器到日常生活必需品,如手表, 自行车 mend 修补破损的东西,使其恢复原样,一般指较小的物体 Mum, can you help me mend myu socks? He’s good at fixing/repairing broken watches.128.job, work job work 作“工作“解,特指”雇用工作“,是可数名词 “工作,劳动“,指一般的工作,是普通名词,且作不可数名词129. maybe 与 may be maybe may be everywhere nowhere anywhere somewhere 131.副词,作状语,意为“或许;大概” 情态动词+be 动词,意为“可能是” 到处 没有一处 任何地方 某个地方常在句首作状语 常在句中做谓语 用于肯定句 表示否定的含义 多用于否定句和疑问句 用于肯定句130. everywhere, nowhere, anywhere 与 somewherehope 与 wish1) 相同点:都表示“想,希望” ,宾语可为 to do,不能为 doing I hope/ wish to visit Guilin. 2) 不同点: a. wish 后可以跟复合宾语,即 wish sb. to do sth.,而 hope 无此用法。 I wish you to go.正确 I hop you to go.错误 b. 两者都可以接 that 从句,但是“hope +that 从句”表示容易实现的愿望; “wish +that 从 句”表示不容易实现的愿望,且从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气。 I hope you’ll be better soon. I wish I were ten years younger. c. wish 后接双宾语,表示祝愿,但 hope 不能。 I wish you a happy New Year! d. 在简略答语中,hope 后可接 so,表示“希望如此” ,接 not 表示“希望不要这样” ,而 wish 不能这样用。 ―Tomorrow it’ll be sunny, won’t it? ―I hope so. 132. lie 与 lay 原形 lie lie lay vt. vi. vt./vi. 说谎 躺,位于 放置,产卵,下蛋 不再 不再 过去式 lied lay laid 过去分词 lied Lain laid 现在分词 lying lying laying 例句 Don’t believe him. He’s lying. Please
you are too tired. The old hen doesn’t lay eggs.133. no more 与 no longer no more no longer 常用来修饰非延续性动词,表示今后不再重复以前发生的动作,多指 数量上不再增加,程度不再加深 相当于 not any longer,在句中起副词作用,用来修饰延续性动词,指某 事从时间上讲以后不再发生,其时间不再延续 强调因内容不复杂而能简单地做、能理解、能使用 强调不需要费力而能做、能理解 例句 Don’t shout at the old. He shouted to me and warned me of134. simple 与 easy simple 简单的 容易的 135.shout at sb. shout to sb. easy 词组 shout at sb. shout to sb. 辨析多指因为生气、 愤怒等而非善意地对某人吼 叫,是一种不礼貌的行为 多指因距离而不得不大声喊 (否则对方无法 听见) ,不带生气等感情因素,是一种善意 的行为 136.thanks for,thanks to thanks for thanks to borrow lend keep 因……而感谢 多亏,由于 强调感谢的原因 强调感谢的对象the danger.Thanks 相当于 thank you,其后可接名词或动名词 thanks 不可以改为 thank you,to 后也不接动词原形 He borrowed some money from me this morning. Could you lend me some money?= some money to me? Could you lend137.borrow, lend 与 keep 表示主语“借入” ,常用于 borrow sth. from sb. 表示主语 “借出” , 常用于 lend sb. sth.或 lend sth. to sb.表示“借”的意思时,通常表示“借某物多长时间” , You can keep the book for a week. 多接“for+时间段” 138. search through search for 表示在某一范围内寻找 The police are searching through the mountain for the missing boy. The polic are searchign for the missing boy. 后接被修饰的名词 表示动作的时间表示寻找某人或某物,后面接寻找的对象 139.every day everyday everyday every day 形容词 副词短语 每天的,日常的 每天In everyday life, we don’t often meet an elephant. I don’t see her every day. 140.lesson 与 class 这两个名词在表示 45 分钟的“一节课”时,意思相同,可以互换。 We have four English lessons/ classes every week. 在以下情况下 lesson 与 class 有区别,不可换用 1) 当意为“第几课”时,习惯上用 lesson 而不用 class. Let ’sread the first lesson. 2)如果说“开始上课” ,通常用 class 而不用 lesson Classes begin at 8:00 in the morning. 3) class 还意为“班级,同学们,阶级” ,而 lesson 无此意思 Our school has twenty classes. Good morning, class! 4) lesson 可意为“功课,教训” ,而 class 则不能。 I can help you with your lesson.

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