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增值电信业务经营许可证：浙B2-低功耗蓝牙4.0BLE编程-nrf51822开发(2) - xgbing
- 博客频道 - CSDN.NET
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& & 首先看的示例是心率计一个示例程序：&KEIL path& \ARM\Device\Nordic\nrf51822\Board\pca1\ble_app_hrs\arm。
& & 打开工程前需要下载蓝牙协议栈S110 nRF51822 SoftDevice（s110_nrf.0_softdevice.hex）到板子中，这个手册上有说明。
& & 首先看的是main.c中的main函数：
/*****************************************************************************
* Main Function
*****************************************************************************/
/**@brief Function for the application main entry.
int main(void)
uint32_t err_
timers_init();
gpiote_init();
buttons_init();
ble_stack_init();
bond_manager_init();
// Initialize Bluetooth Stack parameters
gap_params_init();
advertising_init();
services_init();
conn_params_init();
sec_params_init();
// Start advertising
advertising_start();
// Enter main loop
// Switch to a low power state until an event is available for the application
err_code = sd_app_evt_wait();
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
它很简洁：初始化-&start-&loop。
(1)Timer初始化
/**@brief Function for the Timer initialization.
* @details Initializes the timer module. This creates and starts application timers.
static void timers_init(void)
uint32_t err_
// Initialize timer module
APP_TIMER_INIT(APP_TIMER_PRESCALER, APP_TIMER_MAX_TIMERS, APP_TIMER_OP_QUEUE_SIZE, false);
// Create timers
err_code = app_timer_create(&m_battery_timer_id,
APP_TIMER_MODE_REPEATED,
battery_level_meas_timeout_handler);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
err_code = app_timer_create(&m_heart_rate_timer_id,
APP_TIMER_MODE_REPEATED,
heart_rate_meas_timeout_handler);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
使用app_timer_create创建了两个时钟，处理函数分别是battery_level_meas_timeout_handler和heart_rate_meas_timeout_handler。
/**@brief Function for handling the Battery measurement timer timeout.
* @details This function will be called each time the battery level measurement timer expires.
This function will start the ADC.
* @param[in]
Pointer used for passing some arbitrary information (context) from the
app_start_timer() call to the timeout handler.
static void battery_level_meas_timeout_handler(void * p_context)
UNUSED_PARAMETER(p_context);
battery_start();
/**@brief Function for handling the Heart rate measurement timer timeout.
* @details This function will be called each time the heart rate measurement timer expires.
It will exclude RR Interval data from every third measurement.
* @param[in]
Pointer used for passing some arbitrary information (context) from the
app_start_timer() call to the timeout handler.
static void heart_rate_meas_timeout_handler(void * p_context)
uint32_t err_
UNUSED_PARAMETER(p_context);
err_code = ble_hrs_heart_rate_measurement_send(&m_hrs, m_cur_heart_rate);
(err_code != NRF_SUCCESS)
(err_code != NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE)
(err_code != BLE_ERROR_NO_TX_BUFFERS)
(err_code != BLE_ERROR_GATTS_SYS_ATTR_MISSING)
APP_ERROR_HANDLER(err_code);
时钟创建后并不会自动运行，当调用application_timers_start后时钟开始运行：
/**@brief Function for starting the application timers.
static void application_timers_start(void)
uint32_t err_
// Start application timers
err_code = app_timer_start(m_battery_timer_id, BATTERY_LEVEL_MEAS_INTERVAL, NULL);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
err_code = app_timer_start(m_heart_rate_timer_id, HEART_RATE_MEAS_INTERVAL, NULL);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
services_init()初始化程序中的三个服务：ble_dis.c, ble_bas.c, ble_hrs.c。
/**@brief Function for initializing the services that will be used by the application.
* @details Initialize the Heart Rate, Battery and Device Information services.
static void services_init(void)
ble_hrs_init_t hrs_
ble_bas_init_t bas_
ble_dis_init_t dis_
body_sensor_
// Initialize Heart Rate Service
body_sensor_location = BLE_HRS_BODY_SENSOR_LOCATION_FINGER;
memset(&hrs_init, 0, sizeof(hrs_init));
hrs_init.is_sensor_contact_supported =
hrs_init.p_body_sensor_location
= &body_sensor_
// Here the sec level for the Heart Rate Service can be changed/increased.
BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_OPEN(&hrs_init.hrs_hrm_attr_md.cccd_write_perm);
BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_NO_ACCESS(&hrs_init.hrs_hrm_attr_md.read_perm);
BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_NO_ACCESS(&hrs_init.hrs_hrm_attr_md.write_perm);
BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_OPEN(&hrs_init.hrs_bsl_attr_md.read_perm);
BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_NO_ACCESS(&hrs_init.hrs_bsl_attr_md.write_perm);
err_code = ble_hrs_init(&m_hrs, &hrs_init);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
// Initialize Battery Service
memset(&bas_init, 0, sizeof(bas_init));
// Here the sec level for the Battery Service can be changed/increased.
BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_OPEN(&bas_init.battery_level_char_attr_md.cccd_write_perm);
BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_OPEN(&bas_init.battery_level_char_attr_md.read_perm);
BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_NO_ACCESS(&bas_init.battery_level_char_attr_md.write_perm);
BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_OPEN(&bas_init.battery_level_report_read_perm);
bas_init.evt_handler
bas_init.support_notification =
bas_init.p_report_ref
bas_init.initial_batt_level
err_code = ble_bas_init(&bas, &bas_init);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
// Initialize Device Information Service
memset(&dis_init, 0, sizeof(dis_init));
ble_srv_ascii_to_utf8(&dis_init.manufact_name_str, MANUFACTURER_NAME);
BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_OPEN(&dis_init.dis_attr_md.read_perm);
BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_NO_ACCESS(&dis_init.dis_attr_md.write_perm);
err_code = ble_dis_init(&dis_init);
APP_ERROR_CHECK(err_code);
static ble_hrs_t的结构定义：
/**@brief Heart Rate Service structure. This contains various status information for the service. */
typedef struct ble_hrs_s
ble_hrs_evt_handler_t
/**& Event handler to be called for handling events in the Heart Rate Service. */
is_expended_energy_
/**& TRUE if Expended Energy measurement is supported. */
is_sensor_contact_
/**& TRUE if sensor contact detection is supported. */
/**& Handle of Heart Rate Service (as provided by the BLE stack). */
ble_gatts_char_handles_t
/**& Handles related to the Heart Rate Measurement characteristic. */
ble_gatts_char_handles_t
/**& Handles related to the Body Sensor Location characteristic. */
ble_gatts_char_handles_t
/**& Handles related to the Heart Rate Control Point characteristic. */
/**& Handle of the current connection (as provided by the BLE stack, is BLE_CONN_HANDLE_INVALID if not in a connection). */
is_sensor_contact_
/**& TRUE if sensor contact has been detected. */
rr_interval[BLE_HRS_MAX_BUFFERED_RR_INTERVALS];
/**& Set of RR Interval measurements since the last Heart Rate Measurement transmission. */
rr_interval_
/**& Number of RR Interval measurements since the last Heart Rate Measurement transmission. */
} ble_hrs_t;
ble_hrs.h/ble_hrs.c是心率计程序服务的代码。
buttons_init(void)初始化两个按钮：HR_INC_BUTTON_PIN_NO和HR_DEC_BUTTON_PIN_NO，分别模拟心率计的加减。
/**@brief Function for initializing the button module.
static void buttons_init(void)
// Configure HR_INC_BUTTON_PIN_NO and HR_DEC_BUTTON_PIN_NO as wake up buttons and also configure
// for 'pull up' because the eval board does not have external pull up resistors connected to
// the buttons.
static app_button_cfg_t buttons[] =
{HR_INC_BUTTON_PIN_NO, false, BUTTON_PULL, button_event_handler},
{HR_DEC_BUTTON_PIN_NO, false, BUTTON_PULL, button_event_handler}
// Note: This pin is also BONDMNGR_DELETE_BUTTON_PIN_NO
APP_BUTTON_INIT(buttons, sizeof(buttons) / sizeof(buttons[0]), BUTTON_DETECTION_DELAY, false);
当按下按钮时，处理程序是button_event_handler()，它处理心率计的加减模拟：
/**@brief Function for handling button events.
* @param[in]
The pin number of the button pressed.
static void button_event_handler(uint8_t pin_no, uint8_t button_action)
if (button_action == APP_BUTTON_PUSH)
switch (pin_no)
case HR_INC_BUTTON_PIN_NO:
// Increase Heart Rate measurement
m_cur_heart_rate += HEART_RATE_CHANGE;
if (m_cur_heart_rate & MAX_HEART_RATE)
m_cur_heart_rate = MIN_HEART_RATE; // Loop back
case HR_DEC_BUTTON_PIN_NO:
// Decrease Heart Rate measurement
m_cur_heart_rate -= HEART_RATE_CHANGE;
if (m_cur_heart_rate & MIN_HEART_RATE)
m_cur_heart_rate = MAX_HEART_RATE; // Loop back
APP_ERROR_HANDLER(pin_no);
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(5)(3)(1)(4)(4)(4)(3)(2)(4)(2)(7)(4)(23)(11)(5)(2)(8)(1)(3)(1)(4)(3)(1)(13)(35)(20)(5)(2)(1)(2)(1)(1)(4)(1)(3)(4)(10)(17)(1)(1)(3)(3)(1)(7)(2)(6)(1)(1)(10)(7)(2)(1)(2)(3)(2)(1)(2)(6)(3)(3)(1)(1)(2)(5)(1)(2)Nordic：nRF51822蓝牙低功耗和2.4GHz专利SoC产品规格
　　产品特点
　　单芯片， 高灵活性， 2.4GHz 多协议设备
　　32 位 ARM Cortex M0 CPU 内核
　　256KB flash 16KB RAM
　　支持 S110 蓝牙低功耗协议堆栈
　　S110 需要 80 kB 内存空间
　　线程安全和运行时保护
　　事件驱动 API
　　与 nRF24L 系列无线兼容
　　3 种数据率 （2Mbps/1Mbps/250kbps）
　　+4dBm 输出功率
　　-92.5dBm 敏感度、蓝牙低功耗
　　用于最大化能源效率应用和代码简化的 PPI 系统
　　具备对每个周边产品进行自动能源管理的灵活能源管理系统
　　用于模拟和数字 I/O 的可配置 I/O 映射
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