四川小军阀心里没有我,"没有"的词性

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& 学年高二英语复习课件:Module 1 第2课时《Grammar & Everyday English & Reading Practice》(外研版选修8)
学年高二英语复习课件:Module 1 第2课时《Grammar & Everyday English & Reading Practice》(外研版选修8)
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(14)动词+away throw away 扔掉 clear away 扫除 wear away 磨损;消耗 blow away 吹走 break away 消失 die away 逐渐消失 draw away 拉开;离开 wash away 清洗 pass away 去世 run away逃走 carry away 拿走;忘乎所以
(15)动词+through get through 通过;干完 carry through 完成 come through 收到;安然度过 check through 核对 cut through 走近路 see through 识破 fall through 失败 (16)动词+by pass by 从旁边经过 come by 经过;得到 sit by 袖手旁观 conclude by 以……结尾 (17)动词+into run into 陷入;碰见 fit into 适合 burst into 闯入 (18)动词+at drive at 意指;暗示 gaze at 凝视 stare at 凝视 glance at 匆匆掠过 look at 注视 laugh at 嘲笑 tear at 用力撕扯 work at 从事于;致力于 wonder at 惊讶于…… 高考直击 语法填空 (1)(2014·安徽改编)The twins, who________(finish) their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground. 答案:had finished 句意:已经完成了他们的家庭作业,这对双胞胎被允许在操场上打羽毛球。根据句意可知他们完成作业是在被允许到操场上打羽毛球之前。而他们被允许打羽毛球已经使用了一般过去时,所以完成作业应该使用过去完成时。
(2)(2014·北京改编)—Hi, let's go skating. —Sorry, I'm busy right now. I ________(fill) in an application form for a new job. 答案:am filling 句意:——喂,我们去滑冰吧!——对不起,我现在很忙,我正在填写一份新的工作申请表。根据句意可知本句是在叙述说话时正在进行,正在发生的事情,所以使用现在进行时。
(3)(2014·福建改编)—Haven't seen you for ages! Where have you been? —I went to Ningxia and ________(stay) there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.
答案:stayed 句意:——很久没有看见你了!你到哪里去了?——我去了宁夏,并在那里待了一年时间,作教书的志愿者。本句只是叙述我过去在宁夏待了一年,没有强调过去发生的事情对现在的影响。而且也没有持续到现在,因为我已经回来了。所以使用一般过去时陈述事实即可。
(4)(2014·湖南改编) Since the time humankind started gardening, we ________ (try) to make our environment more beautiful. 答案:have been trying 本题考查时态。关键词是since….自从…;since引导的从句经常要和现在完成时以及现在完成进行时连用。句意:自从人类开始搞园艺活动到现在,我们一直都在让我们的环境更美丽。本句使用现在完成进行时,强调动作的持续性和反复性。
(5)(2014·江苏改编)—How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing? —Well, the media ________ (cover) it in a variety of forms. 答案:have covered 句意:——你对即将在南京举行的青奥会了解多少?——很多,媒体以多种形式对青奥会举行了报道。根据本句中的well,可知后者对青奥会很了解。这主要是因为媒体多种形式的报道,本句使用现在完成时体现出过去所发生的事情对现在的影响。
(6)(2014·山东改编) They made up their mind that they ________ (buy) a new house once Larry changed jobs.
答案:would buy 本题考查时态。句意:他们决定,一旦Larry 换了工作,他们就买一个新房子。本句中的would表示的是过去将来时。他们是在过去决定一个将要发生的事情,所以使用过去将来时。
(7)(2014·四川改编) She ________ (phone) someone, so I nodded to her and went away. 答案:was phoning 句意:她正在和一个人打电话,于是我向她点了下头便走了。根据后句I nodded to her and went away“我只向她点了下头”说明她正在打电话。所以使用过去进行时表示在过去某个时间正在进行的事情。
(8)(2014·重庆改编 )You'd better write down her phone number before you ________ (forget) it . 答案:forget 本题考查时态。在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,常常使用一般现在时代替将来时。本句中的连词before引导的就是一个时间状语从句,所以使用一般现在时代替将来时。句意:在你忘记之前最好把她的电话号码写下来。
即学即用 语法填空 1.I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers ________ (swim)before my eyes. 答案:swam 句意:我整个下午都在做数学,那些数字在我眼前晃来晃去。前一分句用了过去完成进行时,由此可知叙述的是过去的情况,后一分句用一般过去时描述做数学时的情况。
2. Walmart,which is one of the largest American supermarket chains,________(keep)some of its stores open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays. 答案:keeps 句意:沃尔玛是美国最大的连锁超市之一,部分店从星期一到星期六24小时营业。根据句中的“is”可知,此处应用一般现在时,主语为Walmart,谓语动词要用第三人称单数。
3.—Look!Somebody ________(clean)the sofa. —Well,it wasn't me.I didn't do it. 答案:has cleaned 句意:——瞧,有人擦过沙发了。——哦,不是我,我没有擦过沙发。根据语境可知,空处表示有人已经做过某事了,故用现在完成时。
4.If my car________(be)more reliable,I would have driven to Lasa instead of flying last summer. 答案:had been 句意:假如我的车更可靠的话,我去年夏天会开车去拉萨而不是坐飞机去。此处是对过去事情的假设,故条件句用过去完成时,主句用would/could/might+have done。
5.Don't worry.The hard work that you do now ________ (repay) later in life. 答案:will be repaid 根据空后面的later一词可知,此处应用一般将来时态,又因repay与work之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态。句意:别担心。你现在的艰苦努力今后会得到回报的。
6.It is still under discussion________the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. 答案:whether 考查主语从句的连接词。主语从句属于名词性从句的一种,应先看句中是否缺少成分。本题句中成分齐全,但从前面的under discussion可知应加一个“是否”之意,因此选whether。
7.The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials,the rest of which________(be)saved for other purposes. 答案:were 根据主句中的used可知,时态为一般过去时。the rest指的是raw materials的一部分,因为material在本题中是可数名词,所以the rest of which作主语时谓语应该用复数形式。 巩 固 提 升 Ⅰ.选词填空 glare at,come up with,break up,in the absence of,be trapped in,be fond of,in detail,in case of,come into sight,discourage...from 1.He first______________the good idea of going to visit a factory. 2._________________firm evidence,he was set free. 3.________________________emergency,break the glass and press the button. 4.He________the naughty children and they ran away. 5.Try to________him________driving back home at night. 6.Soon the village__________________________when we arrived at the valley. 7.In case of failure,they will_________________danger. 8.There was a danger of the ship______________________ completely because it hit the iceberg(冰山). 9.I used to__________________pop music very much. 10.He told us the accident________________.
答案:1.came up with 2.In the absence of 3.In case of 4.glared at 5.discourage;from 6.came into sight 7.be trapped in 8.breaking up 9.be fond of 10.in detail Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.The young_____(be)more active than the old in the work. 2.It is no use________(tell)him not to worry. 3.It is important for students________(learn)English well. 4.Iron________(feel)cold in winter. 5.Around the corner________(be)several small shops. 6.Where________(hold)the meeting isn't decided. 7.You________(do)the work better,but you didn't. 答案:1.are 2.telling 3.to learn 4.feels 5.are 6.to hold 7.should have done Ⅲ.单项填空 1.I feel________because I cannot see myself do any sports for several months,which is very________. A.depressing;depressing B.depressed;depressed C.depressing;depressed D.depressed;depressing 答案:D 句意:我觉得沮丧的是几个月之内我什么运动都做不了啦,真叫人泄气。
2.A single failure________him from trying again. A.discouraged
B.decreased C.disturbed
D.disgusted 答案:A 句意:一次的失败便使他气馁而不敢再试。discourage sb.from doing sth.使某人丧失信心;劝阻某人做某事;decrease减少;降低;disturb干扰;disgust讨厌。
3.They were walking along the river when a boat________. A.came into sight
B.in sight C.lost sight of
D.was out of sight 答案:A 句意:他们正沿着这条河流走时,突然,一条小船映入他们的眼帘。in sight看得见;lose sight of看不见;失去消息;out of sight看不见。
4.—I'm surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have________. —So am I.They seemed very happy together when I last saw them. A.used up
B.given up C.broken up
D.made up 答案:C 句意:“听说苏和保罗分手了,我很惊讶。”“我也是。上次见他们的时候看上去还很幸福。”break up“分手”,符合题意。use up“用完”;give up“放弃”;make up“和好”。
5.—Have you________some new ideas? —Yeah.I'll tell you later. A.come about
B.come into C.come up with
D.come out with 答案:C 句意:“你想出什么新主意了吗?”“是的,我等会儿告诉你。”come up with“想出”,符合题意。come about“发生”;come into“进入”;come out with“发表,公布”。
6.So many children________from the kindergarten because of this kind of disease,the kindergarten director had to declare a holiday for a week. A.were absent
B.been absent C.had been absent
D.being absent 答案:D 根据the kindergarten director had to declare a holiday for a week是一个完整的句子,可知前面是一个独立主格结构,因此选D项。
7.You've failed to do what you________to and I'm afraid the teacher will blame you. A.will expect
B.will be expected C.expected
D.were expected 答案:D 句中you与expect存在被动关系,首先排除A、C两项。又有have failed提示应是过去你被期盼做的事,故应为过去时,正确答案为D项。
8.—Why are you going to take so much money with you? —Just________emergency. A.in place of
B.instead of C.in case of
D.in search of 答案:C 句意:“你为什么带这么多现金”“以备急用罢了。”in case of“以防;假使”,符合题意。in place of“代替”;in search of“寻找”。 表解语法助记(Ⅰ) 词类 例句 名词 The news is exciting. 名词化的形容词 The disabled are well cared for in our country. 代词 None of us believed what he said. 数词 One-third of the work has been finished. 不定式 To decide is to act.(决定即行动)。 动名词 Watching a film is a pleasure;making one is hard work. 从句 Whether he will come is unknown. 注意: 1.不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语。 (1)句型It is+adj.+(for sb.)to do sth.中常见的形容词(用于说明事物的性质)有:easy,difficult,hard,important,possible,impossible,comfortable,necessary等。 (2)句型It is+adj.+(of sb.)to do sth.中常见的形容词(用于说明人的品质)有:kind,nice,stupid,rude,clever,foolish,thoughtful,thoughtless,brave,silly,selfish等。 It's easy (for me)to do that. It is not easy to grow fruit trees and vegetables here. It's very kind of you to help us. 2.动名词作主语时,前面可加代词或名词所有格表示动名词的逻辑主语。 Their winning the match is an inspiration to all of us. Jane's joining the singing team gave them a surprise. 3.there be句型中,主语通常放在be之后。 There is nothing to get excited about. There ought to be some team members looking after the students. 4.不定式或动词-ing形式作主语时,句子的表语往往和主语在形式上保持一致。 To see is to believe.=Seeing is believing.眼见为实。 图解助记(Ⅱ) 表解助记(Ⅱ) 规则说明 例句 及物动 词与不 及物 动词 及物动词指的是后面能跟宾语的动词。可分为跟单宾语的及物动词、跟双宾语的及物动词、跟复合结构的及物动词等。常见的跟单宾语的及物动词有accept,put,worry,use,forget等。 I want to borrow a book.我想借一本书。 Hand me that book,please.请把那本书递给我。 The noise almost drove me mad.噪音几乎使我发疯。 不及物动词指的是后面不能跟宾语的动词。在英语中大多数动词既可作及物动词,又可作不及物动词,纯不及物动词很少。常见的不及物动词有apologize,appear,arrive,come,go,run,walk,die,fall等。 I apologized to her for stepping on her foot. 我因为踩了她的脚而向她道歉。 We waited until Mom came. 我们一直等直到妈妈来。 规则说明 例句 连系 动词 连接主语表示主语身份、性质、状态的动词称为连系动词(linking verbs)。 She proves very honest.经证明她很诚实。 It's a week since she fell ill.她病了一个星期了。 常见的表示状态的连系动词有be,look,seem,appear,smell,taste,sound,feel,keep,stay等。 I feel very sorry for what I've done.就我所做的事我感到很抱歉。 常见的表示转变或结果的连系动词有become,get,grow,turn,go,come,fall,prove等。 After graduation,she turned nurse.毕业后她当了护士。 The milk went bad.牛奶变质了。 规则说明 例句 情态 动词 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。 I will move to the countryside next year.明年我要搬到乡下去。 常见的情态动词有be able to,can,could,may,must,shall,should,will,would,ought to,need,dare,have to,used to等。情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等;和其他动词连用,可表示说话人的语气。 I'm afraid you dare not/daren't do such a thing. 恐怕你不敢做这样的事情。 You ought to make an apology to Joan.你应该向琼道歉。 除个别本身带to的情态动词外,其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式。 You must finish the project by Friday. 周五前你必须完成任务。 You needn't come if you are busy. 如果忙,你就不必来了。 规则说明 例句 助动词 助动词be主要构成进行时态和被动语态。 (a)be+现在分词构成进行时态。 (b)be+及物动词的过去分词构成被动语态。 My little child is reading to her pet.我的孩子正给她的宠物读书呢。 The story is said to be very instructive.据说这个故事很有教育意义。 助动词do/does可以构成一般现在时的否定式和疑问式;did可构成一般过去时的否定式和疑问式。助动词do/does/did还可以用来对谓语动词进行强调。 I don't like watching TV.我不喜欢看电视。 I did phone you last night,but no one was in.昨天晚上我的确给你打电话了,但没人在家。 助动词have/has/had能够构成完成时态。 We hadn't walked far when we lost our way.我们没走多远就迷路了。 注意:终止性动词常与表示时间点的时间状语连用,若用于否定句则可以和表示一段时间的状语连用;而延续性动词可与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如: They stopped working at 5 o'clock p.m. 他们在下午五点钟停止了工作。 They didn't leave home for a month last year. 去年他们有一个月的时间未离开家。 They have learned English for 5 years. 他们学英语5年了。 表解助记(Ⅲ) 动词的时态 时态 构成 现在 过去 将来 过去将来 一般 时态 除第三人称单数一般在动词后加-s/-es外,其他用动词原形 动词的过去式 shall/will+动词原形 should/would+动词原形 进行 时态 am/is/are+现在分词 was/were+现在分词 shall/will+be+现在分词 should/would+be+现在分词 时态 构成 现在 过去 将来 过去将来 完成 时态 have/has+过去分词 had+过去分词 shall/will+have+过去分词 should/would+have+过去分词 完成进行时态 have/has+been+现在分词 had+been+现在分词 表解助记(Ⅳ) 被动语态的结构 时态 被动语态 一般现在时 am/is/are+过去分词 一般过去时 was/were+过去分词 一般将来时 will/shall+be+过去分词 过去将来时 would/should+be+过去分词或 was/were going to be+过去分词 现在进行时 am/is/are being+过去分词 过去进行时 was/were being+过去分词 现在完成时 has/have been+过去分词 过去完成时 had been+过去分词 知识拓展 一、常用同义动词 arrive (at)到达→get(to)到达→reach 到达 ask 要求→beg 请求→please 请→request 请求 beat 敲打→hit 打;撞→knock 敲;击 become 成为→turn 转变为 begin 开始→start 开始 bring (从别处)带来→take 带去(到别处) burn 烧;点燃→light 点亮 buy 买→get 买;得到 call 打电话→phone 打电话→ring 给……打电话 call 叫→cry 叫喊→shout 呼喊 call 拜访→visit 访问 catch 抓→hold 握住→take 抓住 check 检查→test 测验 choose 选择→pick 挑选 cost 花费→pay 付款→spend 花费 die 死亡→kill 杀死 dress 给……穿衣服→wear 穿;戴 drive 驾驶→ride 骑 drop 落下→fall落下 eat 吃→have 吃;喝;玩 excuse 原谅→forgive 原谅→pardon 原谅 feel 摸;感觉→touch 触摸 fix 修理→mend 修补 grow 种植→plant 种植 hope 希望→wish 愿望→want 想要 know 知道→learn 知道→understand 懂得 learn 学习→study 学习 leave 离开→start 出发 lift 举起→rise 升高 like 喜欢→enjoy 喜欢→love 爱 listen 听→hear 听见 live 居住→stay 逗留 look 看→see 看见 →watch 观看→notice 注意到 lose 丢失→miss 失去 make 制造→produce 制造;生产 need 需要→want 要;需要 pass 传递→hand 交付
put 放→place 放置→lay 平放 seem 似乎→look 显得→appear 貌似是 smile 微笑→laugh 大笑 talk 谈话→say 说→speak 讲→tell 告诉 trouble 打扰→worry 担忧 二、动词词组 1.动词+介词/副词 如:act on 照……行事 answer for 对……负责 arm...against 带武器以防备 agree with 同意(某人) 2.过去分词+介词(这类短语常同连系动词连用) 如:be absorbed in 全神贯注于 be burdened with 负重 be connected with 同……有关;同……有联系 be covered with 覆盖着 3.动词+名词+介词 如:apply one's mind to 专心于…… catch sight of 瞧见;看见 catch (take)hold of 抓住 devote oneself to 献身于……;专心于…… 4.动词+副词+介词 如:add up to 总计为 break away from 改掉;与……脱离关系 be up to 应由……;轮到…… cut down on 削减
5.动词+介词+名词 如:arrive at a conclusion 得出结论 burst into pieces 成为碎片 burst into tears 突然大哭 burst into
laughter 突然大笑 come to sb's help (aid)前来援助某人
三、动词+介词/副词所构成的动词短语分类 (1)动词+for run for 竞选     call for 需要 wait for 等候 care for 关心;喜欢 stand for 表示;代表 long for 希望 hunt for 寻找 ask for 请求;要求 apologize for 道歉 apply for 申请 provide for 提供;作准备 search for 探索 (2)动词+from learn from 向……学习 suffer from 受……苦 hear from 收到……的信 differ from 与……不同 turn from 脱离 die from 因……而死 result from 由于 (3)动词+about speak about 讲起;谈及 bring about 促成;导致 think about 思考 set about 着手;开始 care about 对……感兴趣 leave about 乱丢 move about 走来走去 see about 查看;查询 lie about 闲荡 hear about 听说 (4)动词+with deal with 处理 meet with 遇到;受到 talk with 与……交谈 compare with 与……比较 begin with 以……起始 agree with 赞同 disagree with 不赞同 equip with 装备 combine with 与……联合 (5)动词+on depend on 依靠;根据 insist on 坚持 keep on 继续 carry on 继续 rely on 依靠 catch on 受欢迎;理解 go on 继续 (6)动词+out turn out 产生 break out 爆发 set out 出发 clean out 打扫干净 hold out 伸出;坚持 bring out 使明显 wear out 用尽;穿破 burst out 喊叫 carry out 执行 pick out 选出 point out 指出 figure out 算出 pass out 分发 hand out 分发 help out 救助
(7)动词+of read of 读到 think of 想到 approve of 赞成 dream of 梦到 consist of 由……组成 die of 因……而死 speak of 谈到
talk of 谈到 tire of 厌烦 hear of 听说 complain of 抱怨,诉苦
(8)动词+down die down 渐熄 turn down 关小;拒绝 take down 记下 cut down 削减 break down 破坏 burn down 烧毁 calm down 平静下来 close down 停业 copy down 记下 drop down 突然掉下 pull down 拉下 run down 耗尽 slow down 慢下来
(9)动词+off pay off 偿清债务 start off 启程 leave off 中断 bring off 圆满完成 call off 取消 get off 下车 take off 脱下;起飞 set off 启程 pull off 脱下 show off 卖弄 wear off 逐渐消失;逐渐减少 see off 送别 go off 变坏
(10)动词+in give in 让步;屈服 hand in 上交 bring in 引入;收益 drop in 访问 persist in 坚持 succeed in 获成功 result in 导致 take in 接纳;受欺骗 trade in 交易;从事 involve in 卷入 cut in 插入 engage in 从事 fill in 填写 join in 参加
(11)动词+to come to 到达;谈到 stick to 坚持 object to 反对 agree to 答应;同意 turn to 请求帮助 amount to 共达到 apply to 申请 attend to 处理 belong to 属于 see to 照料;诊治 reply to 答复 attribute to 归因于;属于
(12)动词+over go over 复习;翻阅 get over 复原;完成 take over 接收 look over 检查;查阅 carry over 继续下去 change over 更换 cross over 穿过(街道) glance over 浏览 lean over 伏在……上面 read over 审阅 watch over 守卫 hand over 移交 win over 说服 talk over 讨论 think over 思考 leave over 遗留 laugh over 笑着谈论
(13)动词+up grow up 逐渐长大 tear up 撕碎 do up 修饰 feed up 使厌烦;过饱 give up 放弃 fix up 安装;安排 hold up 举起;受阻 mix up 混淆 break up 拆散;结束 show up 出现;露面 build up 建立 cover up 盖起来 end up 结束 tidy up 整理 hurry up 赶快 lock up 锁上 draw up 拟订 eat up 吃完 set up 建立 bring up 抚养 lay up 卧床;贮存
知识积累 depress vt. 使抑郁;使沮丧;使萧条;降低 depressed adj.抑郁的;沮丧的;不景气的,萧条的;降低了的 be depressed about sth.对……感到无望 depression n. 消沉;沮丧;萧条期,经济衰退
即学即用 用depressing的适当形式填空 (1)She suffered from severe________after losing her job. (2)A rise in oil prices recently________the car market. (3)He felt________about the result of the exam. 答案:(1)depression (2)depresses (3)depressed
6.discourage vt.& vi.阻止,打消……念头;使失去信心 ①They discouraged me from taking that step. 他们劝阻我采取那个步骤。 ②We discourage smoking in this school. 我们阻止在这学校里吸烟。 ③The difficult work discouraged Alan and he left school. 艰难的功课使艾伦失去了信心,退学了。
知识拓展 discouragement n. 泄气,沮丧 discouraged adj. 泄气的,沮丧的 discouraging adj. 令人泄气的,使人沮丧的 表示“阻止某人做某事”的短语: stop sb.(from)doing sth. keep sb.from doing sth. prevent sb.(from)doing sth. 即学即用 用discourage的适当形式填空 (1)她尽管遇到许多挫折,却仍然不气馁。 Despite all these________,she refused to give up. (2)如果练习太难,学习者就可能感到非常泄气。 Learners can feel very________if an exercise is too difficult. (3)测试结果让人很沮丧。 The test results are very________. 答案:(1)discouragements (2)discouraged (3)discouraging
7.privilege n.特权;特殊的荣幸 ①It is a great privilege to know you. 认识你真是莫大的荣幸。 ②Our members have the privilege to using the lending service of the library. 我们的会员有享受图书馆借书服务的特权。 ③She had led a life of luxury and privilege. 她过着养尊处优的生活。
知识拓展 have the privilege of doing 有幸做……,有做……的特权 It is a privilege to do sth.做……是一种荣幸 privileged adj. 有特权的;受特别优待的;荣幸的 be privileged to do sth.荣幸地去做某事
即学即用 完成句子 但愿有幸与他们再度一起工作。 I hope to_________________________with them again. 答案:have the privilege of working 1.come into sight 进入视野,看得见 ①We'll fire as soon as the enemy comes into sight. 敌军一进入视野我们就开火。 ②A bicycle came into sight on the main road. 大路上出现了一辆自行车。 知识拓展 in/within sight 看得见,在视野内 out of sight 看不见 catch sight of 看到,发现 at the sight of 一看到…… lose sight of 看不见;忽略 lose one's sight 失明 in the sight of sb.=in sb's sight 从某人的观点来看;在某人看来
即学即用 完成句子 那艘船驶出浓雾,进入视野。 The ship________________________out of the fog. 答案:came into sight
2.break up (1)结束;停止;解散 ①The party broke up at midnight. 晚会在午夜结束。 ②What time is the meeting expected to break up? 会议可望在几点钟结束? ③He broke up the fight between the two gangs. 他制止了两伙人打架。
(2)打破;弄碎;拆开 ①She broke up the glass in her search for money. 她在找钱时把玻璃打碎了。 ②He can break up that stone with his hand. 他用手能打碎那块石头。 (3)(学校期终)放假 The boys will break up for the Christmas vacation next week. 孩子们下周放圣诞假。
知识拓展 break down机械失灵;失败;分解 break away from脱离(党派或组织);改掉(恶习) break into强行进入,破门而入 break in打断;插嘴;破门而入(不及物) break out爆发 break through突破 The thief planned to break into the bank but he failed to break in. 这名盗贼计划闯入银行但没有成功。
辨析 break down,break up break down和break up都有分解之意,但有区别: break down指改变某物化学成分的分解。指化学变化。 break up(通过分析、决定等方法)分开某物,指物理变化。
即学即用 完成句子 最后这个国家分裂为三个国家。 Finally the country____________________three countries. 答案:broke up into
3.come up with提出,想出 ①He came up with a new suggestion. 他提出了一个新建议。 ②You have come up with a good idea. 你想出了一个不错的主意。
知识拓展 由come构成的其他短语: come about发生;造成 come across偶然碰见;无意中找到 come back回来;忆起,(风尚)又流行起来 come by弄到;获得;经过;从旁边过去 come down下来,倒塌;降落
come off分离,脱落 come on跟着来,跟上来;[口]得啦,快点,别胡扯啦 come out出来;出现;出版;结局 come to达到,总计为 come up走近;被提出 注意:come up with意为“想出,提出;赶上”,主语是人,无被动语态;而come up意为“被提出”,主语是物。
即学即用 完成句子 我希望你能提出比这个更好的计划。 I hope you can________________________a better plan than this. 答案:come up with
4.in case of 如果;万一(+n./pron.) ①In case of rain,they can't go. 万一下雨他们就不能去了。 ②In case of fire,ring the alarm bell. 遇到火情时立即按警铃。
知识拓展 in case 假如;万一(连词,常引导条件状语从句) as is often the case 这是常有的事 in any case 无论如何;总之 in no case 决不(in no case置于句首时,句子用部分倒装) in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话 in the case of 就……来说;关于
①In any case,catch the train tomorrow. 无论如何,明天一定要赶上火车。 ②In no case should you leave here. 在任何情况下都不要离开这里。 ③Take an umbrella in case it rains. 带上雨伞以防下雨。
即学即用 完成句子 留一把钥匙给你的邻居,以防哪天你把自己锁在门外。 Leave your key with your neighbor________________you lock yourself out one day. 答案:in case 1.Shackleton and his men watched the Endurance sink into the icy sea. 沙克尔顿和他的伙伴看着“耐力”号沉入冰海。 The whale hunters at the camp couldn't believe their eyes when they saw the six men walking down from the mountains. 营地的捕鲸者看到六个人从山上走下来时简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。 (1)这两句中都含有“感官动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,第一句中watch后接不带to的不定式sink into the icy sea作宾补;第二句中see后接动词-ing形式walking down from the mountains作宾补。 (2)“感官动词+宾语+不带to的动词不定式”结构表示看到宾语做某事的全过程,宾语与不定式之间是主谓关系;“感官动词+宾语+动词-ing形式”表示看到宾语正在做某事,宾语与分词之间是主谓关系。 (3)感官动词还能构成“感官动词+宾语+过去分词”结构,表示看到某事被做,分词与宾语之间有动宾关系。 ①I saw the train come into the station. 我看见火车进站了。(强调看到全过程) ②Someone saw them playing in the middle of the street. 有人看见他们正在马路中间玩。(强调看到动作正在进行) ③It was said that a person had seen the man killed. 据说有个人看见了那名男子被杀。(强调被动) 注意:感官动词或使役动词(make,let,have)之后要加不带to的不定式作宾补,但当它们(let和have除外)用于被动语态时,不定式必须带to。
即学即用 语法填空 The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ________ (carry out)the next year. 答案:carried out
2.If you don't,there's a severe risk that you'll damage your eyesight or get badly sunburnt. 如果你不这样做的话,将会有损害视力或灼伤皮肤的巨大危险。 句中get sunburnt 意为“被晒伤”,get为系动词。 ①I got lost in the forest. 我在森林中迷路了。 ②I got separated from my friends when we were in the crowds. 在人群中我和我的朋友们被分开了。
知识拓展 get/be hurt 受伤 get/be married 结婚 get/be burnt 烧伤,晒黑 get/be dressed 穿上衣服 get/be separated from 与……分离
即学即用 语法填空 Sarah,hurry up.I'm afraid you won't have time to get ________ (change)before the party. 答案:changed 单元课标语法 成才之路 · 英语 路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索 外研版 · 选修8
Deep South Module 1 1.1.1 集合的概念 第二课时 Grammar & Everyday English & Reading Practice
Module 1 课内合作探究
2 巩 固 提 升 4 课后强化作业
5 课前自主预习 1 单元课标语法
3 课前自主预习 Ⅰ.重点单词 1.经由,取道(prep.)________ 2.(乘船的)旅行,航行(n.)________ 3.仪式性的;正规的(adj.)________ 4.刺眼的光(n.)________ 5.艰难的,艰巨的(adj.)________ 6.晒伤的(adj.)________ 7.麻木的;失去知觉的(adj.)________ 8.衣服;(尤指)某种服装(n.)________
ceremonial
severe sunburnt
clothing 9.不正常的,反常的(adj.)________→正常的(adj.)______ 10.日出(n.)________→日落(n.)________ 11.缺乏;没有(n.)________→缺席的,缺少的(adj.)________ 12.烦人的,令人讨厌的(adj.)________ 13.令人沮丧的;令人抑郁的(adj.)____________→使沮丧;使萧条(v.)________ 14.孤单的,孤立的(adj.)__________→使隔离,孤立(v.)________ 15.最少量;最小数(adj.)________ abnormal
normal sunrise
depressing
isolated isolate minimum 16.储存,储备(v.)________ 17.阻止;打消……的念头(v.)____________→令人沮丧的(adj.)______________→沮丧的(adj.)___________ 18.紧急情况;突发事情(n.)__________ 19.常规的;普通的(adj.)____________ 20.困难的,棘手的(adj.)________→诡计,欺诈(n.)________ 21.脆弱的;易碎的(adj.)________ 22.荣幸(n.)________ stock
discourage
discouraging
discouraged
conventional
Ⅱ.重点短语 1.come________sight进入视野,看得见 2.break________解体;分裂;分手 3.come up________提出;想出(主意、答案等) 4.in charge________负责,主管(表示被动) 5.in case________如果;假使 into  up 
Ⅲ.语法感知 1.观察下面例句,在括号内写出句子的主语。 (1)They are going to move to a new house next week. 下星期他们将迁入新居。(         ) (2)To plant these flowers took us two hours. 种这些花花费了我们两个小时的时间。(      ) (3)Playing basketball is a good sport. 打篮球是一项很好的运动。(         )
(4)Whether he will come is doubtful. 他是否会来还不知道。(         ) (5)Antarctica is the coldest place on Earth. 南极洲是地球上最冷的地方。(       ) (6)It doesn't matter so much what he said. 他说什么都无关紧要。(       ) 答案:(1)they (2)to plant these flowers (3)playing basketball (4)whether he will come (5)Antarctica (6)what he said
2.用所给词的适当形式填空,体会句中动词的用法。 (1)In 1961,a treaty________(sign)by 12 countries. (2)This kind of cloth________(sell)well. (3)The first man________(set)foot on the moon was an American. (4)The cunning fox can't be easily________(trap)by farmers. (5)He returned to Elephant Island to rescue the crew he________(force)to abandon.
结论:以上句子挖空处呈现了动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词以及助动词等。 答案:(1)was signed (2)sells (3)to set (4)trapped (5)had been forced 课内合作探究 1.voyage n.[C](乘船的)旅行,航行 ①The explorers accomplished the voyage in five weeks. 考察队员在五周内完成了航程。 ②The voyage from England to India used to take six months. 过去从英格兰到印度要航行六个月。
知识拓展 go on/make/take a sea voyage去航海旅行 We'll go on a sea voyage next month. 下个月我们将去航海旅行。
辨析 voyage,journey,tour,travel,trip voyage 强调较远距离的水上、空中旅行。 journey 指从一地出发直达目的地的长途旅行。 tour 强调旅行一周再转回原出发点。 travel 无直达目的地之意,指不同方向的旅行。 trip 指休闲或因商的短途旅行。
注意:记忆各种不同的旅行: 长途陆路用journey,短途短期用trip; 观光游玩用tour,海上航行用voyage; travel用法最普遍,特别用于指“游记”。
即学即用 完成句子 毕业后我要和我最好的朋友进行一次长途航海旅行。 I shall make________________________________together with my best friend after graduation. 答案:a long sea voyage
2.via“经由,取道”,相当于by way of/by means of/through... ①We flew to London via Singapore. 我们经由新加坡飞往伦敦。 ②We went to Exeter via London. 我们取道伦敦去埃克塞特。
辨析 via与through ①via强调经过某一地方或通过某人、某系统等。 ②through强调从中穿过,透过某物。 The sunshine got in through the window. 阳光透过窗户照射进来。
即学即用 介词填空 Roy heard about the sale________Jane. 答案:via
3.clothing n.[U]衣服;(尤指)某种服装 ①How much do you spend on clothing per month? 你每月花多少钱买衣服? ②Lab workers must wear protective clothing. 实验室工作人员必须穿上防护服。 知识拓展 food and clothing衣食 辨析 clothing,clothes,dress clothing 为集合名词,是衣服的总称,无复数形式。表示一件衣服时可用an article/item of clothing或a piece of clothing。 clothes 只有复数形式,既可指一件衣服,也可指各种衣物,可用many,few,some等修饰,但不能用数词修饰;“一套衣服”要说a suit of clothes。 dress 作“连衣裙”讲时是可数名词;指某种款式或特定场合穿的衣服时为不可数名词。
①This clothing sells well to the teenage market. 这种衣服在青少年市场很畅销。 ②Every time I saw her,she wore different clothes. 我每次见到她,她穿的衣服都不一样。 ③The play was performed in modern dress. 这出戏里穿的是现代装束。
即学即用 完成句子 急需将食物和衣服送给灾民。 It is urgent that________________________should be sent to the sufferers. 答案:food and clothing
4.absence n.缺席,不在;缺乏,不存在 ①After an absence of 26 years,China returned to UN in 1971. 在离开26年之后,中国在1971年又重返联合国。 ②They made the decision in my absence. 我不在的时候,他们做了决定。
知识拓展 (1)during/in the absence of (=in one's absence) 当……不在时;由于缺乏…… absence from school/meeting 缺课/旷会 absence of mind 心不在焉;精神不集中 leave of absence 休假
(2)absent adj. 缺乏的;缺席的;不在场的;心不在焉的 be absent from 缺席 ①Xiaojun was absent from school because he was ill. 小军因病没有上学。 ②Snow is absent in some countries. 有些国家从不下雪。 ③He had an absent look on his face. 他一副心不在焉的神情。 提示:absence的反义词为presence;absent的反义词为present。
即学即用 完成句子 ①因为心不在焉,他犯了许多拼写错误。 He made a lot of spelling mistakes because of his ________________________. ②史密斯因病没来上学。 Smith_______________________because he was ill. 答案:①absence of mind ②was absent from school
5.depressing adj. 令人消沉的 ①The test results were very depressing. 试验的结果令人沮丧。 ②A lot of people found the weather here depressing. 许多人发现这里的天气令人消沉。
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