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听说有语音就有人
和张大佛爷、二月红一起去探秘矿洞墓穴！
they said a water post couldn't be seen
水水水水水水水水水水水水水水水
姐姐，我听不懂，你可以教我吗
Fourty or fourteen？ur voice sounds like 14, but u said it's 40?
我叫英文字母都认不全
张起灵身世结局,与吴邪共赴十年之约！
14是14，40是40，是14
十五字十五字十五字十五字，我来水啦哇哈哈
这条帖子没有华丽的语言装饰，却以平实的真情打动读者，语句流畅，一气呵成，心理刻画和细节描写都很成功，给人回味之感！从文学的角度来讲，选材很是新颖，角度清晰可见，语言平实而不失风采，简洁而富有寓意，堪称现代说说之典范！这条说说，平淡中显示出不凡的文学功底，可谓是字字珠玑，句句经典，达到了我等可望而不可即的高度， 就艺术的角度而言，这条说说还有待提高，但它的意义却远远大于成功本身。正所谓：“一马奔腾，射雕引弓，天地都在我心中！”真不愧为无厘界新一代开山祖师！逐字地看完你的这条说说后，我的心久久不能平静！这世间怎么可能还会有如此精辟的说说？我不敢相信自己的眼睛。自从改革开放以后，我就以为再也不会有任何说说能打动我， 没想到今天看到了这条如此精妙绝伦的说说。你让我深深地理解了‘人外有人，天外有天’这句话，在看完说说后，我不敢轻易回复，我担心我庸俗不堪的语言会玷污了这世间少有的说说。但我还是回复了， 因为我觉得如果不能在如此精彩的说说后面留下自己的足迹，那将会成为我一生的遗憾。请原谅我的自私！无论用多么华丽的辞藻都已无法形容这条说说的精彩程度，所以我只想说一句：您的说说太感人了！请不要停止创作
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2014年高考英语各省市短文改错题汇总附答案
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2014年高考英语各省市短文改错题汇总附答案
作者：佚名
文章来源：
更新时间： 10:06:13
& 2014年高考各省市短文改错题汇总
一、Correction 1(2014课标全国Ⅰ)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden. Since then―for all these year―we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!
二、Correction 2(2014课标全国Ⅱ)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. We didn’t need to do so many homework. Therefore, we have more time with after-school activities. For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day.
My dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sat by the lake listening music. The teachers here are kind and helpfully. They are not only our teachers but also our friends.
三、Correction 3(2014浙江)
下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
　　例如:It was very nice to get your invitation to spend the weekend with you. Luckily I was 12&=m:rPr&am' alt=""&& completely free then, so I’ll say “yes”. I’ll arrive in Bristol at around 8:00 p.m.in 12&=m:rPr&on' alt=""&& Friday evening.
&&& I was taking a train to London’s Victoria Station. I had noticed that the carriage was noise and filled with people.
Before long, a train inspector comes to check our tickets. A passenger realized he couldn’t find his ticket but became quite upset. Then everyone in the carriage began searching the ticket, which was eventually found under a seat several rows from his owner. The person who found a ticket smiled with pleasure at his success.
No one in the carriage had previous spoken to or even noticed the ticket-owner before. Yet they had so quickly offered the strangers their help. If we could show concern to others on need, the world would be a better place to live in.
四、Correction 4(2014辽宁)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Jeremy and Alice,
Although we’ve been delighted to have you as neighbors, we’re hoping to settle something that bothers to us. In a word, your dog―Cleo.
We’ve called several time about Cleo’s early morning barking. It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute she’s outside. The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby. Beside, Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day. This morning she starts barking even before 5 o’clock. That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are.
We appreciate our apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter.
Sincerely,
Jack and Rose
五、Correction 5(2014四川)
下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
1.每句不超过两个错误;
2.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
3.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Hello, boys and girls! Today, I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off. If you hear the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside. Stay close to your teacher and classmate. Don’t panic or get out of line, and trying to remain quiet and calmly. Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire. If it’s a false alarm and there is no fire, your teacher will lead us back to the classroom. If you notice that when someone is missing and hurt, tell your teacher immediately.
第一句:before→ago　此处讲述的是过去发生的事情,和一般过去时连用的应是ago,before常和完成时连用。
第一句:by→of　with the help of...在……的帮助下,为固定短语。
第二句:year→years　句中year是可数名词,前面的these应修饰复数形式的名词。
第二句:had→have　时间状语since then 通常和现在完成时连用,而不是过去完成时。
第三句:在result前加a　as a result 结果,为固定短语。
第三句:somewhere→everywhere　根据句意可知是“到处都有”,所以用everywhere。
第四句:taste→tasty　本句中small,juicy和tasty是并列的表语,所以要用形容词。
第五句:much→many　根据前面的be动词are和后面的them可知应是代替可数名词复数的many。
第六句:删掉but/but→yet　引导让步状语从句的although不能和连词but连用,但是可以和副词yet连用。所以可以删掉but,也可以把but改为yet。
第七句:wonderfully→wonderful　修饰名词时应用形容词。
[语篇解读]　本文为记叙文,题材是学校生活类。作者描述了自己心目中理想的校园。
第二句:They→There　表示“上午有三节课,下午有两节课”应使用there be句型。
第三句:didn’t→don’t　全文时态是以一般现在时为主,故应将didn’t改为don’t。
第三句:many→much　homework是不可数名词,故应用much修饰。
第四句:with→for　表示时间、金钱、空间等足够/足以(用于……)时,应使用介词for。
第五句:第一个hour→hours　“一个半小时”要说one and a half hours。
第六句:look→looks　主语My dream school(我梦想中的学校)是单数,其谓语动词也应使用第三人称单数形式。
第七句:删掉第一个the　all kinds of(各种各样的)后直接加可数名词复数或不可数名词,不用再加冠词。
第八句:sat→sit　We can lie...,or (can) sit...
第八句:listening后加to　listen是不及物动词,接宾语时要加介词to。
第九句:helpfully→helpful　and连接两个形容词作表语,故应将副词helpfully改为形容词helpful。
1.第二句:删掉had。此处指过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。
2.第二句:noise→noisy。此处作表语,应该是形容词。
3.第三句:comes→came。此处是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。
4.第四句:but→and。此处是顺承关系。
5.第五句:在searching后加for。搜寻某个东西应该用search for。
6.第五句:his→its/the。此处指票的主人。
7.第六句:a→the。此处特指丢了的票。
8.第七句:previous→previously。此处应该用副词形式。
9.第八句:strangers→stranger。此处指的是票的主人,只有一个人,所以用单数。
10.第九句:on→in。此处是固定词组in need。
1.第一段:去掉bothers后的to　bother sb.打扰某人。
2.第二段第一句:time→times　考查名词复数。several times好几次。
3.第二段第二句:understanding→understand　根据it’s difficult to do sth.句型可知。
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英语：短文改错全解析
短文改错全解析一、查时态是否一致时态错误几乎是每年NMET短文改错中必设的改错题。要有目的地去检查文中的每一个谓语动词的时态与上 下文、语境以及该句的时间状语是否相符和一致。例如：1.Today, it is much easier to be healthy than it is inthe past. (NMET' 93) is 应改为was， 使之与时间状语in the past一致。2.I had always wanted to return to the village aftermoving away. And it is really grea t to see most of my oldfriends again. (NMET' 95)is 应改为was，与前面分句的时态一致。3.They offered me coffee and other drinks. We have a goodtime talking and laughing together .(NMET' 96)have 与前面句子中offered时态不一致，应改为had。4.Hello, I learn about you from my English teacher, MissFang.(NMET'97)learn（得知）在这里不 是表示一个经常发生的动作，应改为过去时learned。（本来此处还可改为have learned， 由于"短文改错" 题要求，每行只允许改一个错误，故have learned不能接受。）5.My favourite sport is football.I was a member of ourfootball team.(NMET'98)全文都是用的 一般现在时，此句中的was显然与上下文语境不符，应改为am。6.Last Sunday, police cars hurry to the taller buildingin New York...(NMET' 92)hurry应改为 hurried， 才可与时间状语lastSunday一致。二、查主谓是否一致在检查谓语动词的时态和语态是否正确的同时，还要注意检查该动词在人称和数上是否与主语保持了一致 。例如：1.Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrowthem. (NMET' 94)cost应改为costs，因 其主语是it（为形式主语），且上下文均为一般现在时。2.The new boy or girl in school quickly become one of theclass...(NMET'93)由or连接的两个以上 的主语应由靠近谓语的主语来决定谓语的单复数形式，故become应改为becomes。3.Playing football not only...but also give us a sense offair play and team spirit. ( N MET'98) 此句的主语是playingfootball，视为第三人称单数，其谓语give 应改为gives。4.There are branch library in many villages.(NMET'94) 句中主语library应改为复数形式libraries ，因为前面是there are， 主谓应一致。主谓语一致的情况较为复杂，考生平时学习要留心归纳。有些特殊句式的主谓一致问题很容易被忽视，如 倒装句、关系代词在定语从句中作主语的情况等，答题时要高度重视。三、查指代是否一致对于短文中出现的每一个代词都要查一下它所指代的内容以及在句中的作用，注意其数、格、词性是否正 确和前后一致，包括人称代词、指标代词、反身代词、关系代词以及疑问代词等。指代错误也是高考改错题中 常设的改错题。例如：1.We climb everywhere, not only in America. They havebeen to Europe...(NMET'92)根据上下文 ，句中的They属指代不一致，应改为We。2.The game speaks for themselves. ( MET'90) 句中的反身代词themselves应改为单数itself，因为指 代的是单数主语the game。3.And I can't forget the food you cooked for I.(NMET'95)人称代词在作介词的宾语时用宾格，I应改 为me。4.The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.(NMET'96)句子的主语the Smiths表示的是复数概 念"史密斯一家人"，故其指代词应该用第三人称复数their而不是his。5.I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.(NMET'97)关系副词where在引导定语从句 时不可作主语，应将其改为关系代词which。6.The sport teaches us the importance of obedience. Eachplayer must obey the captain, who is the leader of the team.And they must not break the rules too often if we want to winthe gam e.(NMET'98)纵观全篇短文，都是用的第一人称。这里突然冒出一个第三人称they，显然不一致，应改为we。四、查平行结构是否平行一致由and，or，but，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only ...but also...，as well as等并列连词和词 组连接的结构可称为平行结构。平行结构在词性、时态、非谓语动词的形式上往往要求前后一致。答题时要留 心平行结构前后是否对等平行，这也是常设的错误。例如：1.Modern people know...，have better food，and to live incleaner surroundings.(NMET'93)应将 to live前的to删掉，因为and连接的是know，have，live三个并列平行的谓语动词，其时态和形式必须一致。2.He said it was best to stay until help arrived ratherthan go into the forest and get ting lost.(NMET'91) go ...andgetting显然不平行，应将getting改为get。3.It was very kind of them to meet me at the railwaystation and drove me to their home .(NMET'96) 句中的drove显然与and前面的to meet不平行，应改为drive。五、查名词的单复数与修饰词语或上下文是否一致名词数的错误也是高考常设的改错题。要查一下名词是否可数，与其修饰语是否一致。例如：1....They have been to Europe many time. (NMET'92)time（次）显然与修饰语many不一致，应改为tim es。2.(They) ... asked me lots of question.(NMET'96)question 是可数名词，其修饰词是lots of，当然应 该用复数uestions。3.We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese ...(NMET'97) quite a few 只能修饰复数名 词，故subject 应改为subjects。4.(We)... often watch football match on TV together.(NMET'98)根据上下文和该句中的often 来判 断， 句中的match 应该是matches。六、查行文逻辑是否一致查这方面的错误应从文章整体内容出发，通篇考虑，以行为单位是难以发现这种错误的。逻辑不一致主要 是由肯定与否定、关联词语以及动词（如come与go，take与bring）的误用所造成的， 应多从这方面去查找。 例如：1.Most people can quickly get help from a doctor or go toa hospital since they are ill.（NM ET'93）根据行文逻辑， 这里不应该由since来引导原因状语从句，而应该是when/whenever或if来引导时间或 条件状语从句。2.We tried to fix it and there was nothing we could do. （NMET'91）根据行文逻辑，表示并列关系 的and 应改为表示转折关系的but。总体而言，综合改错题的命题内容有如下三大方面：( 1 )词汇用法( 2 )篇章理解( 3 )语法知识。以下摘录历年六级考试综合改错题中出现的有关词汇用法和篇章理解方面的错误进行具体地分析。　　一、词汇用法错误　　1 ．固定搭配错误：主要是一些常用介词短语、动词短语、形容词短语的误用，另外，一些固定句型中词汇的搭配也容易出错。对付此类错误的方法是大量记忆，熟悉这些固定的搭配。　　例 1 ：．．． about an American who had been invited to an Arab meal at one of the countries of the Middle East ．( 2000 年 6 月第 75 题)　　at 应改为 in ， in the country 为固定介词短语搭配。　　例 2 ：．．．， but such reasons are totally dependent in the balance of risks and benefits for the patients ．( 1993 年 6 月第 75 题)　　in 应改为 on ， dependent on 为固定的形容词短语搭配。　　例 3 ： However ， a second person thought that this was more a question of civilized behavior as good m anners ．( 2000 年 6 月第 73 题)　　as 应改为 than ， more ．．． than ．．．为固定句型搭配，表示 " 与其说 ...... 不如说 ......" 。　　2 ．单词的混用：这种错误是指误用了某个在形式或意义上与正确的单词相似的单词。　　例 1 ： Between sunrise and sunset ， streets and highways are a constant source of voice from cars ， buses and trucks ．( 1995 年 6 月第 73 题)　　原文讲述噪音污染，所以，此处的 voice 应改为 noise 。　　例 2 ： Im mediately before him was a very flat piece of bread that looked ， to him ， very much as a napkin ．( 2000 年 6 月第 78 题)　　此处 as 应改为 like ， as 与 like 都可作介词用，表示 " 像 ...... 一样 " 时，应用 like ，而 as 表示 " 作为 ......" 。　　二、篇章理解错误　　1 ．语意的颠倒：这类错误多指在语意表达上用了相反的词，造成上下文逻辑推理上的自相矛盾。做题前如先阅读全文，领会上下文承接关系与语意关系将裨益无穷。　　例： If he was present because of sickness ， there was often no job for him when he returned ．(1994 年 1 月第 76 题)　　显然，将 present 改为 absent 才合乎逻辑。　　2 ．指代关系的错误：这类错误主要指由于人称代词、物主代词及指示代词的误用，导致指示不清、逻辑混乱，甚至前后矛盾。细心推敲和全局观念是破解此类错误的杀手锏。　　例 1 ： A break in their employment ， or a decision to work part time ， will slow its raises and promotions ．(1996 年 1 月第 75 题)　　从原文看，此处指妇女涨工资、被提升的速度会大大地减缓。所以， its 应改为 their (妇女的)。　　例 2 ：．．．， he finds it pleasing he is influ-encing people ： they are drawn to them ．(1995 年 1 月第 78 题)　　从文中看， them 应改为 him ，指人们为他所吸引。　　3 ．连接词与关系词的错误：这类错误主要出现在定语从句与状语从句中，正确地分析句与句之间的逻辑关系，才能选择合适的连接词与关系词。　　例 1 ： It appears that we all find company in sound ， if we all demand a little quiet from time to time ．　　原文讲述噪音污染，从上下文看，前后两句之间应为转折关系，而非条件关系，所以，连词 if 应改为 but 或 though 。　　例 2 ： Instead ， this other person told us a story ， it he said was quite well known ．．．　　后半句显然是一个非限制性定语从句修饰 story ，所以，应将 it 改为关系词 which 。　　一般而言，做综合改错题可遵循以下步骤：速读，把握主旨
看标志行，找词汇错误
找语法错误
分析逻辑，推理错误的可能性
重读全文，检查复核文字是否正确、合理。　　总之，要想从根本上提高做综合改错题的能力，考生就要打好扎实的英语基础，有丰富的词汇用法、固定搭配及句式结构知识等。同时，在平日英语学习的过程中，要多多阅读，培养英语的语感，提高语篇理解能力，增强自己辨错、纠错的能力。找一本高考关于改错题的书，
先看他总结好的易错点，
然后把这些当成公式。 在习题中练习
，一天做上10来篇 。 保证有效果 ， 但是一定得注意思考， 注意总结， 用总结总结出来的东西印证书上写的内容。1．动词错用(1)时态用错
要求考生有很强的时态感，能把握短文中时态主线，同时又观察时态变化；时态错误主要表现在该用一般现任时的地方却用了一般过去时，或者相反，时态错用几乎在以往每年的高考短文改错中都会出现，如NMET2000(春)之88 题 "I had an examination on Monday morning......"一句中的"had"应改为"have"，因为这里说的是下周的安排。同年夏季全国高考之93题"I remembered her words and calm down..."一句中的"calm"应改为"calmed"。NMET2002(春)之80题"He said he is busy..."一行中的"is"应改为"was"，时态应一致。(2)主谓不一致
中国学生学英语易受母语干扰，不考虑英语句子的谓语动词在人称和数方面要和主语保持一致，这是受汉语习惯表达所致的一个通病。因此，考生要注意观察一个句子的主语和谓语动词，看是否有单数主语用了复数动词或复数主语用了单数动词。如NMET98之90题" (Playing football not
only makes us...)but also give us a sense of fair play...
"中的give应改为gives,因为主语是动名词短语(playing football)，谓语动词应用单数形式。NMET2000之94题"...Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library"一句中的"is"应改为"are"。3)谓语动词和非谓语动词错用
主要体现在该用谓语动词的地方却用了非谓语动词，或者该用非谓语动词时却用了谓语动词，以及非谓语动词之间的错用。如该用-ing形式的地方却用了-ed形式或不定式等等情况。这要求考生加深对"现在分词表主动、有进行意义, 过去分词表完成、含被动意义"的理解，如NMET97之93题
"...but now l am interesting in football"中的"interesting"应改为"interested"，95题"...I look for ward to hear from you soon"中的"hear"应改为
"hearing"。NMET98之89题"...Play football not only makes us grow up"中的"Play"应改为"Playing"。NMET99之88题"I was often a little tired after a day's work and watch TV demands very little effort．"中的"watch"应改为"watching"。NMEr200旧(春)之91题"．．．I'll spend all the whole weekend reading and prepare for it"一行中的"prepare"错用成了谓语动词，应改为非谓语形式"preparing"。NMET2002(春)之81题"That is，a game of tennis making him very busy..."一行中的非谓语动词"making" 应改为谓语动词过去时"made"。这类错误在历届高考中出现的频率很高，考生平时应加强该方面基础知识的复习，做一些有针对性的练习。(4)近义动词错用
这类错误考查考生的求异思维以及对语篇的把握，要求将一个动词完全改成另一个动词。英语中有很多动词意思相近，可用法却不一样，因此要求考生准确掌握和理解常用动词的用法，不要仅仅根据这些词的汉语意思而随便使用。如该用"borrow''却错用了"lend"，用"bring"的地方却用了"take"等等。当然，这类情况在以往高考试题中还没出现过，但不能忽视训练这种思维。2．名词数的问题
要求考生有很强的数的概念，能分清常见名词数的特性，可数与不可数、单数和复数。错误特征往往表现在不可数名词加复数，该用可数名词单数的地方用成了复数，或者该用复数形式却用了单数。后一种情况居多，如：(1)The day before the speech contest English teacher talked to me．She said that she and my schoohmate all．．．(NMET2000)
87．schoolmates(2)I used to love science class--all of them......(NMET2001春)
86．classes(3)...He never helped other.(NMET2002春)
79．others3．代词错用
这类错误很明显，只要考生细心阅读上下文就能发现错误。如该用"she"却用了"he"，该用"it却用了"they"。
如NMET96之90题"The Smiths did his best to make
me feel..."中的"his"应改为"their"。NMET98之95题"...And they must not break the rules too..."中的"they"
根据上下行文应改为"we"。NMET2001(春)之88题
"I think I liked those classes because I felt that it helped me..."中之"it"应改为"they"。4. 形容词和副词的错用
这类错误的设置目的是检测考生对英语形容词和副词基本用法的掌握。考生要熟悉形容词的基本作用是作定语和表语，副词主要作状语。因此要注意观察文中该用形容词的地方是否用了副词，修饰动词的副词是否错用成了形容词。如NMET99之89题"...Unfortunate, there are..."中的"Unfortunate"一词应改为"Unfortunately"。NMET2001（春）之95题"nothing else seemed very practically to me..."中的"practically"一词应改为"practical"。考生发现了这类错误，还需要改写正确，为此，要记住形容词变副词的最基本规则，即末尾加-ly。5．形容词和名词的混淆这类错误主要检测考生的记忆能力和常用词的构词法知识，尤其是有些形容词和名词的转换。考生要熟记以下表格中的词：wealthwealthydifferencedifferenthealthhealthydifficultydifficultluckluckyimportanceimportantsirtdirtysafetysafenoisenoisypatiencepatientsaltsaltysilencesilenthonestyhonestprideproudangerangryabsenceabsent高考实例分析：NMET2002（春）之85题"But he is difference now..."中的"difference"很明显应改为"different"。NMET98之93题"...the sport teaches us the important of..."中的"important"应改为"importance"。6. 连词错用
这种错误的设置主要是检测考生对上下语篇的把握和行文逻辑判断能力，以及对英语句法结构的分析能力。如：NMET2000之88题"...but it didn't matter that I would win or not"中的"that"一词应改为"whether"；90题"I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf..."一行中的"as"一词应改为"that"。NMET2001（春）之89题"...understand what the world works..."中的"what"应改为"how"。[来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&K]第一章短文改错测试重点及分类解析根据短文改错的命题特点， 我们可以按照以下四步进行备考快速练习。第一步： 审题。通读全文， 了解大意。全面把握文章整体(时态、 题材及内容)。第二步： 重读全文， 应先确定一些明显的错误， 以便疏通短文， 化繁为简， 为后面解题打开思路。许多问题可在这一阶段得到解决。从词法、句法到行文逻辑三方面着手， 逐句而不是逐行地分析、 找错。第三步： 综观全篇， 看错误类型的比例是否得当、 前后逻辑是否一致、 有无前后矛盾等现象。第四步： 认真检查， 避免出现以下错误： 符号不规范； 一个词改为几个或几个改为一个； 该大写的未大写； 合成词只改了其中一部分等。　　下面，我们根据词性不同， 来对改错题目进行分类解析。　　第一节 名 词在短文改错中见到名词时， 应检查是否有数、 格及名词前限定词用法等错误。汉语中的名词在形式上无复数变化， 而是通过在名词前加数词来表示；英语则不同， 除了在名词前加数词之外， 如果是可数名词， 还应将该名词变为复数形式。　　1. 检查句中名词的单复数形式是否符合句意。　　2. 检查句中有无可数名词和不可数名词的误用。[来源:]　　3. 检查句中有无所有格的误用。　　4. 检查句中有无名词前限定词的误用。练 习　　请改正下列句子中的语法错误， 注意名词的使用。　　1. He is on good term with me.　　2. He is a generous fellow, and will soon make friend with you again.　　3. His opinion is considered to be great value.　　4. He sent his daughter to a girl's high school.　　5. Give me three spoonful of sugar.　　6. His eyes are as blue as a Scandinavian.　　7. A few peoples live to be a hundred years old.　　8. Aunt Mary returned home after ten year's absence.　　9. He is a friend of my brother.　　10. The observation of the law is the first duty of every citizen.　　注 释　　1. term → terms, term的复数形式表示条件、 关系， on good terms with...意为"与......关系良好"。　　2. friend → friends, make friends with...与某人交朋友。　　3. be great value → be of great value, value是名词， be of+名词=be+形容词。即ofgreat value=greatly valuable。　　4. girl's → girls'， 女子高中是a girls' high school。　　5. spoonful → spoonfuls, spoonful是可数名词。　　6. scandinavian → Scandinavian's。.　　7. peoples → people此处people作"人讲"， 是复数名词。　　8. year's → years'。　　9. brother → brother's应是brother's friends, 其后做了省略。　　10. observation → observance(遵守), observation意为观察。第二节 动词的谓语形式一、 谓语动词的时态　　1. 掌握各种时态的用法　　2. 注意时态的协调一致　　1)在简单句中， 时态要与时间状语一致。　　2)当两个或两个以上的谓语共用一个主语时， 其时态要求一致。　　3)由并列连词连接的两个句子， 时态上也要求一致。　　4)当遇到宾语从句和间接引语时， 若其主句是过去时， 则在从句中也必须使用过去时。但是当宾语从句表示的是客观事实和真理时， 一般用一般现在时。　　5)与宾语从句一样， 主语从句、 表语从句和同位语从句的时态也要求和主句的时态一致。　　6)定语从句和状语从句也要与主句的时态相呼应， 当从句谓语表示的动作与主句的动作同时发生时， 要用相同的时态。二、 谓语动词的语态　　1. 检查句子是否该用被动语态。　　2. 检查被动语态形式是否正确。　　3. 检查被动语态的时态与句中其他时态是否相呼应， 其数是否与其主语一致。三、 谓语动词的语气[来源:Z。xx。k.Com]　　虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式， 用来表示说话人所说的话不是客观存在的事实， 而是一种与事实相反的愿望、 可能、 推测、 建议、 要求、假设或主观的设想等。改错时应特别注意：　　1. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用。　　2. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用。　　3. 虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用。四、 情态动词　　下列用法常是短文改错的焦点：　　　1.must表示"必须， 不得不"时， 其否定式是needn't或do not have to； must not则表示"不许， 禁止"。　
2. need与dare既可作情态动词， 也可作实义动词； 而作实义动词时， 若要构成问句和否定句， 就需要助动词do/does/did。　　3. "can+have+过去分词"结构用在疑问句和否定句中， 表示对过去的事情所作的推测。　　4. "could+have+过去分词"结构除用来表示对过去的事情所作的推测外， 还可用来表示某事有可能在过去发生， 但实际上并没有发生。　　5. "may/might+have+过去分词"结构用来表示对过去的事情所作的推测。("可能已经......了")　　6. "must+have+过去分词"结构用来表示对过去的事情所作的肯定判断。("......一定已经......了吧")　　7. "should/ought to+have+过去分词"结构用来表示过去应做而未做的事， 含有自责或责备的语气。("本来应该......的")　　8. "need not+have+过去分词"结构用来表示过去做了没有必要做的事。("本来不必......的")练 习　　1. After they had chose the books they wished to read, the instructor told them the principal points he wanted them to note.　　2. When I reach at the end of a cigarette, my money has gone up in smoke.　　3. The island has little vegetation(植被)， it scarcely raises above the surrounding sea.　　4. In our school the teachers would leave most students go out early on Friday afternoons before football games.　　5. Ours was the first group of swimmers who had dove into the new pool.　　6. I will like to know where you were born.　　7. I would like you read it again.　　8. What will you like to do when you finish your course at Leeds?　　9. I hope you can visit my country soon, because I'd to show you some beautiful places near my home.　　10. My father mustn't have said such a thing.注 释　　1. had chose → had chosen.　　2. reach at → reach, reach是及物动词。　　3. raises above → rises above, raise是及物动词， rise是不及物动词。　　4. leave → let.　　5. had dove → had dived.　　6. will → would.　　7. you read → you to read. would you like其后加不定式。　　8. will → would.　　9. I'd to → I'd love/like to.　　10.mustn't → can't， 否定推测要用can't或couldn't, can't + have + p.p.表示对过去事情否定推测。第三节 动词的非谓语形式一、 动词不定式　　1. 不定式可作主语。　　2. 当不定式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时， 一般要用不定式的被动式。但是在某些形容词后面， 即使是这样， 也不用被动式。　　3. 某些动词后面只能跟不定式作宾语。[来源:学§科§网]　　4.当不定式作宾语， 且后面又有宾语补足语时， 通常用it作形式宾语来代替不定式， 而把不定式后置。　　5. had better, would rather than等词的后面只跟不带to的不定式。　　6. 动词不定式的一般式表示它与谓语动词同时发生， 或在其后发生； 其完成式则表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。但要注意动词plan, expect,wish, intend, mean, want, would(should) like等后面的不定式的完成式表示原打算要做而最终未做成的事情。二、 动词的-ing形式改错指导　　以下动词只能跟-ing形式作宾语， 不能跟不定式。如： advise, admit, avoid, allow, consider,delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, appreciate, imagine, include,mention, miss, prevent, quit, resist, risk, stand, suggest, understand等。三、 过去分词改错指导　　注意下列几组动词的-ing形式和过去分词之间的区别： surprising(令人吃惊的)， surprised(感到惊讶的)；interesting(令人感兴趣的)， interested(感兴趣的)； disappointing(令人失望的)，disappointed(感到失望的)； encouraging(令人鼓舞的)， encouraged(感到鼓舞的)练 习　　1. I was used to go to the cinema once a week.　　2. He has never been heard speak ill of others.　　3. We hear it say frequently that what present-day men most desire is security.　　4. He always enjoys to read a detective story.　　5. His father would not let him to go.　
6. It is difficult to make yourself understand in English.　　7. You should avoid to keep company with such people.　　8. Smiling graciously, my offer was accepted by him.　　9. You had better not to go there.　　10. The doctor advised me giving up to smoke.注 释　　1. was used to → used to， used to +动词原形表示过去的习惯， be used to+名词/动名词表示习惯的持续。　　2. speak → to speak， 感观动词/使役动词改为被动语态时， 要将主动态时省去的"to"还原。　　3. say → said， said是过去分词作补足语， 而it是形式主语。　　4. to read → reading, enjoy其后只可加动名词。　　5. to go → go, let是使役动词， 其后接不带to的不定式作补足语。　　6. understand → understood, make oneself understood译为"使别人了解自己的意图即自己被别人理解"。　　7. to keep → keeping， avoid其后加动名词作宾语。　　8. my offer was accepted by him → he accepted my offer， 分词短语smiling graciously的动作执行者是he， 而不是my offer。　　9. to go → go， had better其后接动词原形。　　10.giving up to smoke → giving up smoking, advise sb. to do sth.,而give up其后接动名词或名词。第四节 形容词与副词在短文改错中见到形容词和副词时， 检查句中是否误把形容词作副词或误把副词用作形容词， 尤其是一些词形完全一样的形容词与副词。　　1. 检查句中形容词与副词的位置是否正确。　　2. 若句中有系动词， 检查其后跟的是形容词还是副词。　　3. 检查句中有无易混淆的形容词的误用和易混淆的副词的误用。　　4. 检查句中有无形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的构成错误。　　5. 检查句中有无形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的使用错误。　　6. 检查并列结构前后形容词与副词的级别是否对等。练 习　　1. He was impossible to find it out.　　2. You should be respectable towards your teachers.　　3. I am absolutely uncapable to tell a lie.　　4. I'll be convenient next Sunday.　　5. You must make your parents happily.　　6. He looked differently after his return from Europe.　　7. The number of girls is very few.　　8. This shirt is wool(l)en.　　9. Let asleep dogs lie.　　10. All the present students must cast their votes.注 释　　1. impossible → unable. Impossible是非人称形容词， 不可用来修饰人， 或可用It is impossible or him to find it out.　　2. respectable → respectful(恭敬的), respectable(可尊敬的)。　　3. uncapable → unable/uncap able to tell或incapable of telling, capable的反义词是incapable, be unable to+动词原形， be incapable of + doing(没有能力做)。[来源:学#科#网]　　4. I'll be convenient next Sunday → Next Sunday will be convenient to me ,convenient是非人称形容词。　　5. happily → happy, 这里是宾语+宾语补足语。　　6. differently → different, look是感观动词， 其后要用形容词修饰其主语。　　7. few → small， 主语The number(表示数目)用small/large表示大小。　　8. is woolen → (made) of wool, 该句还可写为"This is a woolen shirt." woolen只可用作定语， 不可用作表语。　　9. asleep → sleeping, asleep是睡熟的， 不可用作定语。Let sleeping dogs lie.(勿惹是生非，勿打草惊蛇)。　　10.the present students → the students present(出席的学生), the peasant students(现在的学生)。第五节 冠 词　　1. 检查有无两个不定冠词之间的误用。　　2. 检查有无定冠词不定冠词之间的误用。　　3. 检查有无漏用冠词的情况。　　4. 检查有无错用冠词的情况。练 习　　1. Last Sunday we went to school to play basketball.　　2. Plato left behind him a view of the universe set forth in his dialogue in an unique combination of logic and drama.　　3. I have read a interesting story.　　4. What kind of a book do you have?　　5. You' it's not your fault.　　6. The most of us are flattered when we receive a compliment.　　7. Why are you at home in such a fine weather?　　8. He was elected the Mayor of New York.　　9. Horse is useful animal.　　10. Goldsmith is said to have traveled from a place to a place.注 释　　1. school → the school， 表示去某场所而不是去上学(go to school)。　　2. an → an unique［ju?蘖nik］其第一音素是辅音。　　3. a → an.　　4. a book → book, kind of后面名词不加不定冠词。　　5. right → the right, in the right(有理)， 而in right右边。　　6. The most → Most, most表示大多数时不加the。　　7. in such a fine weather → in such fine weather. weather是不可数名词。　　8. The Mayor → Mayor独一无二的官职、 头衔， 职称作补足语或表语时不加冠词。　　9. horse → A horse， horse是可数名词单数形式其前面必须有冠词， 不可单独使用在句子中。　　useful animal → a useful animal.　　10.from a place to a place → from place to place,两个相对等的名词由and连接表示一种习惯用语时不加冠词。第六节 代 词一、 人称代词改错指导　　1. 注意人称代词单复数的使用。　　2. 注意人称代词主格和宾格的区别。二、 物主代词改错指导　　对物主代词的考查主要涉及：　　1. 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之间的区别。　　2. 物主代词指代的使用。三、 反身代词改错指导　　表示"某人自己"的代词称作反身代词。它在句中可作宾语、 同位语和状语， 但不能作主语。在使用反身代词时，同样要注意其单复数和人称必须与所指代的名词一致。四、 不定代词改错指导　　常用的不定代词有some, any, no, none, many, much, few, little, each, every, one, all, both, either, other, another, others及由some, any, no, every构成的复合词。不定代词的用法较复杂， 需要考生特别注意。五、 指示代词改错指导　　指示代词有this, that, these, those, it, such, same等。this和these一般用来指时间和空间上较近的人或物， 也常用来指后面要提到的事情，有启下的作用。that和those则常用来指时间或空间上较远的人或物， 也可用来代替前面出现过的名词， 以免重复。练 习　　1. Knowledge is there for whomever will seek it.　　2. Depend upon that he will come here.　　3. Whom do you think is the writer of this book?　　4. His brother's case is quite different from me.　　5. The population of London is two times as large as this city.　　6. People find increasingly difficult to make their living.　　7. "I must say good-bye now." "So I must."　　8. He is taller than any one in his class.　　9. I spoke a man who I thought to be my cousin.　　10.Only yesterday the hotel manager assured my husband and me that he would accept our reservation for a room.注 释　　1. whomever → whoever, 这里是由whoever引导的宾语从句作for的宾语， 而whoever在从句中作主语。　　2. Depend upon that → Depend upon it that, that所引导的从句不可作介词宾语， 必须加上it，再由that引导定语从句。　　3. Whom → Who， 这里do you think是插入语， 这里who是作句子主语。　　4. me → mine。　　5. as this city → as that of this city,这里的that 代替the population作比较的部分是不可省略的。　　6. find → find it， 这里的it是形式宾语， 而to make their living是不定式作宾语。　　7. So I must. → So must I.　　8. any one → anyone else， 这里he也包含在他的班级里， 所以应加else， 表示他比其他的人高。　　9. spoke → spoke to　　10. I → me， 这里与husband一起作assured的宾语。第七节 数 词　　1. 检查有无基数词与序数词之间的误用。　　2. 检查在表示几百、 几千、 几百万等数字时表述是否正确。　　3. 检查分数的表达是否正确。　　4. 检查在表示"历史上的几十年代和某人几十岁时"的表达方式是否正确。　　5. 检查数词与其他词构成的复合形容词是否正确。　　练习　　1. About three-fifth of the workers of that steel works are young people.　　2. When he was in his fifty, he moved to England.　　3. 439 is four hundreds and thirty-nine.　　4. The sun is 93 millions miles away from the earth.　　5. This big steel plant has a thousand of workers.　　6. Hundred of people attended the meeting last night.　　7. People lived a hard life in forties.　　8. 333 is three hundred thirty-three.　　9. He wrote a two-thousand-words report.　　10. There are about three hundreds people in the park on National Day.注 释　　1. three-fifth → three-fifths， 分数表达法是分子用基数词， 分母用序数词， 当分子大于1时， 分母应加s。　　2. fifty → fifties, in his fifties(在他五十多岁时)， in the fifties(在50年代)。　　3. hundreds → hundred.　　4. millions → million.　　5. a thousand of warders → a thousand worker. Hundred, thousand,million等词在表示具体数字时， 都不加s， 在表示不确定数字时加s， 同时加of， 如： hundreds of数百； thousands of 数千。　　6. Hundred → Hundreds.　　7. forties → the forties， 指40年代。　　8. hundred → hundred and.　　9. two-thousand-words → two-thousand-word.　　10. hundreds → hundred.第八节 介 词　　1. 检查介词有无误用。　　2. 检查句中有无遗漏介词， 特别要注意作定语用的不定式后是否缺少必要的介词。　　3. 检查句中有无多余的介词。　　4. 检查句中介词与动词、 名词、 形容词、 副词等的搭配是否正确。练 习　　1. You must write your letter with ink.　　2. A man is known to the company he keeps.　　3. The field was dotted the great yellow hats of peasants.　　4. Don't approach to a work of art in such a spirit.　　5. The boy was absorbed building a dam in the brook.　　6. I was impressed at the zeal which he spoke of the plan.　　7. The gentleman insisted at my receiving the money.　　8. At last we reached to the village at the foot of the hill.　　9. It is known to everyone that butter is made of milk.　　10. The girl is proud of that her family is well descended.注 释　　1. with → ink, ink用于使用之材料， with用于工具或媒介。　　2. to → by, be known to sb.， 为某人所熟悉， 本句是谚语"观其友而知其人"。　　3. dotted → dotted with, be dotted with(点缀着......)。　　4. approach to → approach, approach是及物动词。　　5. absorbed → absorbed in, be absorbed in(专心于......)。　　6. at → with, which → with which, be impressed with(被......所感动)， with which起副词作用。[来源:]　　7. at → on, insist on(坚持)。　　8. reached to
→ reached, reach是及物动词。　　9.of → from, made from...是指制作过程中发生性质变化， made of是物质质地未变。　　10. proud of that → proud that, that从句前的介词of必须省略。第九节 连 词　　1. 并列句中， 检查并列连词的使用是否正确， 有无遗漏并列连词的情况。　　2. 复合句中， 检查从属连词的使用是否正确。　　3. 检查主语从句和同位语从句前的连词是否遗漏。　　4. 检查有无连词之间的误用， 尤其是if和whether之间的误用。练 习　　1. We become more and more impatient of interruptions when the years go on.　　2. It was not until it began to rain when I noticed his umbrella left in my car.　　3. At the age of six, my father took me to the circus for the first time.　　4. He acted like he had never been in a museum before.　　5. You'll be permitted to bring a watch so that you may keep track of the time during you are taking the test.　　6. It was not long since they made their appearance.　　7. It was not so much the amount of the money but the money itself that surprised him.　　8. There may not be much choice between this one or that.　　9. We must eat for we may live.　　10. Which do you like better, coffee and black tea?注 释　　1. when → as,随着。　　2. when → that, It is(was)not until...that是not...until的强调句型。　　3. At the age of six → When I was six years old, At the age of six用于句中是指my father。　　4. like → as if, as if可以引导虚拟语气的结构。　　5. during → while, during是介词， 不可引导从句。[来源:]　　6. since → before, not long before(不久......就......)。　　7. but → as, not so much...as(与其说......不如说)。　　8. or → and, between...and...(在......与......之间)。　　9. for-that, that(so that, in order that)+may(might)(为了......)表示目的的连接词，而for为表示原因的连接词。　　10. and-or， 表示选择。第十节 从句与一致关系一、 名词性从句　　短文改错对名词性从句的考查侧重于连词的选择和从句的时态。　　1. 检查语序是否正确。　　2. 检查连接词是否误用。　　3. 检查是否漏掉了连接词， 尤其是主语从句和同位语从句中的that。　　4. 检查宾语从句与主句的时态呼应是否正确。　　5. 检查主语从句与谓语的数是否一致。　　6. 检查主语从句后置时， 作形式主语的it是否出现。　　7. 检查有无if与whether的误用。二、 定语从句　　定语从句的改错主要涉及关系代词、 关系副词的运用以及定语从句中的主谓一致问题。　　1. 判断关系代词及关系副词的使用是否正确。　　2. 判断先行词与定语从句的谓语动词的数是否一致。　　3. 检查关系代词的格的使用是否正确， 尤其是在关系代词作主语和介词前置时。　　4. 检查有无关系副词与介词重复使用的情况。　　5. 检查有无漏掉作主语的关系代词的情况。　　6. 检查非限制性定语从句的关系代词使用是否正确。　　7. 检查定语从句中除了关系代词或关系副词外， 是否还有多余的代词或副词。三、 一致关系　　1. 检查主谓在数上是否违背了语法一致的原则。　　2. 检查主谓在数上是否违背了意义一致的原则。　　3. 检查主谓在数上是否违背了邻近原则。练 习　　1. My roommate lives in a small town in central Missouri, a quiet town which I would like to live myself.　　2. The United States is comp two of those are separated from the others by land or water.　　3. What far is it from here to the station?　　4. They want to know how they can do to help us.　　5. -Who's gotall my money?　　
-I do.　　6. You smoke again! Why not to give it up?　　7. These photos will show you how our village looks like.　　8. Someone is at the door. Who is he?　　9. -Those shirts are very expensive.　　
-Do you know how they cost?　　10. -Who you think is the richest man in this town?　　
-I think Mr. Kim is.注 释　　1. which → where， to live → to live in， live是不及物动词。　　2. of those → of which, those不是关系代词， 不可引导定语从句。　　3. What → How, what修饰名词， 而how修饰形容词、 副词， 用于感叹句。　　4. how → what， what作引导词， 同时作they can do中动词do的宾语。　　5. I do → I have.　　6. to give it up → give it up, why not其后接不带to的不定式。　　7. how → what, 从句中looks like中的like是介词， 提问的是like后的宾语。　　8. he → it.　　9. how → how much/what.　　10. who you think → who do you think， do you think是插入语， 去掉插入语，应是陈述语序的疑问句。第十一节 倒装与省略　　1. 检查是否有该倒装而未倒装的情况。　　2. 检查是否有该省略而未省略的情况。练 习　　将下列各句改为倒装句， 并强调划线部分的语气。　　1.The defeated army ran away, leaving many wounded soldiers.　　2.We can know the past, but we only feel the future.　　3.The news impressed me so strongly that I could not utter a word for some time.　　4.Our eyes are opened only after we have made a mistake.　　5.I have often heard it said that he is not trustworthy.　　6.His faithful dog sat by his side.[来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§K]　　7.We must in no case imagine that material comfort is the final goal of human happiness.　　8.I never expected that the man would turn up at the meeting.　　9. I found so many happy people nowhere else.　　10. he said good-bye to me and he drove off.注 释　　1. Away ran the defeated army....　　2. ...but the future we only feel.　　3. So strongly did the news impress me that....　　4. Only after we have made a mistake are our eyes opened.　　5. Often have I heard it said....　　6. By his side sat his faithful dog....　　7. In no case must we imagine....　　8. Never did I expect that....　　9. Nowhere else did I find....　　10. He said good-bye to me, and off he drove.No. 1Scientists around the world have been studied the warmth of waters in the Pacific Ocean being known as EL Nino. The appearance of EL Nino is said to effect the weather around world. Now scientists still do not completely understand them. Yet they find they can use it to tell the future in different area in the world. The scientists write about their recently work in the magazine Nature. Their computer program can tell when a EL Nino will appear. They think what this can provide an effective early warning system and prevent much of the disasters from happening.1．studied→studying
2．去掉being
3．effect→affect
4．world前加the5．them →it
6．area→areas
7．recently→recent
8. a→an9．what→that或去掉
10．much→manyNo. 2How nice to hear of you again. You want to know what is going on in our school. On short, things have been improving after the school began to carry out exploring study. In the past, the teachers keep on explaining the points. We just listened and took note. But now we discuss and solve the problems was raised by teachers or by us. After class, we enjoy all kinds of activity instead of doing endless homework. For example, we can read that we are interested in and go to the library or surf lnternet for information.1. hear of→from
2. On short→In
3. after →since
4. keep→kept5. note→notes
6. was raised→去掉was
7. by us→ourselves8. activity→activities
9. that→what
10. surf后加theNo. 3Our school lies on the foot of a mountain with a small river passes by. It used to be a quiet, clean and beautiful place for a school. It is a pity which things have changed after a chemical factory was built near our school one year ago. Every day the factory produces many waste water and some harmful gases. The terribly pollution is harmful to our health. What's bad, the great noise from the factory had a bad effect on our activities. As a result, our school is no longer what it used to. Our teachers and students are miserable beyond the description.1. on→at
2. passes→passing
3. which→that
4. after→since
5. many→much6. terribly→terrible
7. bad →worse
8. had→has
9.used to后加be
10. 去掉theNo. 4I am shy when at school. I was afraid of speaking in front of the class. When I had to face such many classmates, I felt nervous but my voice and legs shook. My teachers helped me a lot of. They often encouraged me to answer question in class and to go to the teachers'desk to read lessons. Sometime I felt I didn't do so well but they spoke high of me. Meanwhile, my classmates kindly asked me to join them all kinds of activities. All these helped me with my confidence. Since then on I dared to do that I wanted to.1. am→was
2.such→so
3. but→and
4. a lot of去掉of
5. question→questions
6. Sometime→Sometimes
7. high→highly
8. join them后加in
9. Since→From10. that→what　　No. 5　　Now paper still come from trees. Unfortunately, we use a lot of paper every day. We mustn't waste paper, or there will not have any trees leaving on the earth. No trees means no paper. We need 17 trees make one ton of paper. We must start using fewer paper. How can we save paper? Firstly, we can use both sides of paper. We can reuse again envelopes. We can use plastic cups and plates instead of paper one. We can either use handkerchiefs instead of paper tissues. Beside, we can use fewer paper shopping bags and we can reuse these paper bags late.　　　　1. come→comes
2. have any→be
3. leaving→left
4. make前加to
5. fewer→less　　6. 去掉again
7. paper one→ones
8. either→also
9. Beside→Besides
10. late→later　　 A person's age no longer tells you something about his social position, marriage or healthy. There's not longer a particular year when one goes to school or goes to work or gets married or start a family. The social clock that keeps us on time and tells us when go to school, get a job, or stop working isn't as strong as it was used to be. It doesn't surprise us to sound a 28-year-old university president or a 35-year-old grandmother, or 70-year-old man who has become a father for the first time. What we all know, public ideas are changed nowadays.　　　　1. something→anything
2. healthy→health
3. not longer→no
4. start→starts　　5. go to school前加to
6. was used去掉was
7. sound→hear
8. 70-year-old前加a　　9. What→As
10. changed→changingOne rainy day while I was walking home with one of my friend, a truck came to a stop besides me。The driver put the window down and offered us a umbrella because he found we were wet through. I stood there and couldn't believe in that a complete stranger is so thoughtful. The man insisted, so I grateful l accepted the offer, thanked him and watched the truck disappear down the road. This man might need the umbrella himself, and he preferred to give it to everyone else. It was a lesson to us and it was possible give without expect anything in return.1.friend---friends2. bedies---beside3. a ---an4. is --was5. believe in 去掉in6. grateful-- gratefully7. and ---but8. everyone---anyone9. possible 后面加to10. expect---expecting以往，短文改错题是高考英语全国试卷和绝大多数单独命题省市试卷的基本题型。由于其综合了对于高中生英语语法、阅读和写作能力的综合考察，所以一直以来都是学生们颇感棘手的难题。我们认为，经过合理的指导和科学的训练，学生们完全可以熟悉其核心的命题思路和解题技巧，从而取得理想的成绩。　　一、高考英语改错题的命题特点分析　　短文改错题共计10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分。高考的改错题以完整篇章的方式出现，所以需要学生首先建立整体把握和连贯思索的审题模式，切忌单独处理每一行的习惯性思维错误。从上个世纪九十年代开始出现以来，高考短文改错题的考察方式基本已经稳定下来，其设疑方式不外乎：无错(1处)、多词或少词(3到4处)以及错词(5-6处)。而且，没有单词拼写、标点符号或词序错误，只涉及语法、习惯表达和语义逻辑层面。　　二、高考英语改错题的解题指导原则　　短文改错没有任何技巧，只能老老实实的走下去　　针对其命题特点，我们提出如下两条核心的总体原则：　　(一)通读全文　　其重要性毋须重申。通过阅读全文，迅速对以下几个问题做出判断：　　1、 文章的主体时态。任何体裁和题材的文章都是发生在一个宏观的时态背景之下的，通过浏览全文，圈定其主体时态到底是现在时、过去时还是将来时。然后在进一步解题的过程中，凡是和该主体时态发生冲突的局部时态，都有可能存在问题，需要引起警惕。　　2、 文章的叙事逻辑。在篇章改错的语境中，个别单句在语法上可能是完全正确的，但它的逻辑却和全文的整体逻辑出现重大分歧。比方说，一篇议论文，整体上对某个话题是持肯定态度，但其中的个别单句却背道而驰地表示了否定，那么该单句就有可能是因为多词或少词错误而导致了这种逻辑冲突。　　3、 文章的叙事角度。是作者对自我事件的描述，还是对一般话题的阐述？这直接关系到改错题中经常出现的代词指代问题。　　(二) 以句为改错单位　　尽管篇章改错是每行设置为一个小题，但每一个完整的英文句子往往横跨2-3行，而出题人往往会抓住学生紧盯单行的毛病，而故意设置跨行错误或考察句首句尾与上下文的衔接。　　三、高考英语改错题的常见错误类型[来源:]　　根据对近十年全部高考改错题的统计分析，我们认为，短文改错题所涉及到的高频考点，恰好也是中学生在写作中经常出现的错误。我们希望考生能够参考我们所总结的常见错误类型，在练习改错题的时候学会对应和归纳，这样才能够提高对错误的嗅觉力和敏感度。这些错误类型主要为：　　1、动词的时态和语态　　2、句子结构和句子完整性　　3、名词单复数及主谓一致问题　　4、上下文语意和指代　　5、介词　　6、固定(习惯)用法　　7、词性　　8、冠词　　9、连词和从句引导词　　10、动词不定式　　四、实例分析　　接下来，我们以考题为例，分析短文改错题的具体解题流程。　　1)There are advantage for students to work while 2)studying at school. One of them was that 3)they can earn money. For the most part, 4)students working to earn money for their own 5)use. Earning their own money allow them 6)to spend on anything as if they please. 7)They would have to ask their parents for 8)money or for permission to do things by 9)the money. Some students may also to save 10)up for our college or future use.　　通过阅读全文，我们发现：　　1、 这是一篇议论文，探讨学生是否应该打工。主体时态是现在时。第2)小题的局部时态和主体时态发生冲突，而且经过进一步判断，属于时态错误。　　2、 文章的第一句是这篇议论文的论点，它明确了全文的立足点：打工有好处。因此，第7)小题虽然没有任何语法错误，但其逻辑和全文的整体逻辑恰好背道而驰。　　3、 文章是作者站在第三方对一个一般现象进行的评论，主体叙事角度与"我"、"我们"无关。第10)小题的代词"our"有错误嫌疑。　　第1)小题，There are advantage for students to work while中，系动词are和主语advantage的单复数一致性出现了问题，但此时还不能贸然判断究竟是哪一个出现了问题。通过阅读下文，我们得出至少有两个层面的"好处"，因此把advantage改为advantages；　　第2)小题，studying at school. One of them was that中，我们已经解释过了，时态错误，应将was改为is；　　第3)小题，they can earn money. For the most part,中，没有错误，for the most part为习惯表达，表示"最主要的原因是"，且语法无误；　　第4)students working to earn money for their own中，working是非谓语形式，导致该句没有谓语，是一个典型的不完整句，因此要将working改为work，还原其谓语功能。　　第5)小题，use. Earning their own money allow them中，主语为动名词形式的earning，与谓语allow的一致性出现问题，应改为allows；　　第6)小题，to spend on anything as if they please.中，从句引导词错误，导致含义混乱，应将as if改为as；　　第7)小题，They would have to ask their parents for中，如上文中的解释，改为should not；　　第8)小题，money or for permission to do things by中，介词使用有误，这主要还是一个语法问题。将by改为with；　　第9)小题，the money. Some students may also to save中，情态动词和不定时的语法问题，应该将to去掉；　　第10)小题，up for our college or future use.中，我们解释过了，这里的代词our与全文的叙述角度发生冲突。经判断，将其改为their。　　大致上，短文改错涵盖面较广，本文只是总结了数年考试题型做了归纳，总之这类题十分注意细节。令：本文是其他一线教师力作，拿来即用。