职称英语 阅读的阅读方面该如何去备考呢?求指教。

2013年职称英语考试指定教材目录(阅读理解和完形填空部分)
第四部分 阅读理解
第一篇Telling Tales about People【讲述关于人们的故事】
第二篇Outside-the-classroom Learning Makes a Big
Difference【课外学习带来很大不同】
第三篇Shark Attack !【小心鲨鱼!】(新增)
第四篇Feast on Turkey and Good Wishes at
Thanksgiving【火鸡盛宴和感恩节的祝福】
第五篇The Travels of Ibn Battuta【伊本白图泰游记】(新增)
第六篇TV Shows and Long Bus Trips【看电视和长途汽车旅行】
第七篇Modern Sun Worshippers【现代日光浴者】
第八篇The Changing Middle Class【变化中的中产阶级】
第九篇Single-parent Kids Do Best【单亲幼儿最出色】
第十篇A Letter from Alan【艾伦的来信】
第十一篇The Development of Ballet【芭蕾舞的发展】
第十二篇Smuggling【走私】
第十三篇The Barbie Dolls【芭比娃】
第十四篇Sleep【睡眠】
第十五篇Orbital Space Plane【轨道航天飞机】
第十六篇The Sahara【撒哈拉沙漠】
*第十七篇Eiffel Is an
Eyeful【引人注目的埃菲尔铁塔】
*第十八篇Goal of American
Education【美国教育目标】
*第十九篇The Family【家庭】
*第二十篇Tales of the Terrible
Past【讲述可怕的过去】
*第二十一篇Spacing in
Animals【动物的间隔距离】
*第二十二篇Some Things We Know about
Language【我们所知道的关于语言的一些事情】
*第二十三篇The Only Way Is Up【只好向上】
*第二十四篇Clone Farm【克隆农场】
*第二十五篇Income【收入】
*第二十六篇Seeing the World Centuries
Ago【看许久以前的世界】
*第二十七篇Importance of
Services【服务业的重要性】
*第二十八篇The National Park
Service【国家公园的服务机构】
*第二十九篇Find Yourself Packing It On? Blame
Friends【发现自己变胖了?这得责怪朋友们】
*第三十篇“Lucky” Lord Lucan — Alive or Dead【“幸运的”鲁肯伯爵——是死是活】
*第三十一篇Pool Watch【游池监护】
*第三十二篇The Cherokee
Nation【彻罗基部落】
*第三十三篇Oseola McCarty【老妇人Oseola McCarty】
+第三十四篇To Have and Have Not【逃亡】
+第三十五篇Going Her Own
Way【选择她自己的路】
+第三十六篇A Tale of Scottish Rural
Life【一个关于苏格兰乡村生活的故事】
+第三十七篇Pop Music in
Africa【非洲的流行音乐】
+第三十八篇Why So Many
Children【为什么有这么多的孩子】
+第三十九篇Eat to Live【为了活着吃饭】
+第四十篇New US Plan for Disease
prevention【美国疾病预防新政策】
+第四十一篇The Operation of International
Airlines【国际航空公司的经营】
+第四十二篇Sauna【桑拿浴】
+第四十三篇Can Buildings Be Designed to Resist
Terrorist Attack?【建筑设计能使建筑抵御恐怖袭击吗】
+第四十四篇American Get
Touchy【越来越爱肢体接触的美国人】
+第四十五篇Women Staying in Mini-Skirts for
Longer【女性在迷你裙上逗留的时间更长】
+第四十六篇Defending the Theory of Evolution Still
Seems Needed【捍卫进化论仍必要】
+第四十七篇Narrow Escape【九死一生】
+第四十八篇Finding Enlightenment in
Scotland【苏格兰启蒙运动】
+第四十九篇The Beginning of American
Literature【美洲文学的开端】
+第五十篇Older Volcanic
Eruptions【远古火山喷发】
第六部分 完形填空
第一篇A Life with Birds【有鸟陪伴的生活】
第二篇A Lucky Break【幸运的骨折】
第三篇Global Warming【全球变暖】
第四篇A Success Story【一个成功的故事】
第五篇Traffic in Our Cities【城市的交通】
*第六篇Teaching and
Learning【教与学】
*第七篇The Difference between Man and
Computer【人与电脑的区别】
*第八篇Look on The Bright
Side【看光明的一面】
*第九篇The First
Bicycle【第一辆自行车】
*第十篇Working Mothers【职业母亲】
+第十一篇School Lunch【学校午餐】
+第十二篇A Powerful
Influence【强大的影响】
+第十三篇The Old Gate【古老之门】
+第十四篇Family History【家族史】
+第十五篇Helen and Martin【海伦和马丁】
第四部分 阅读理解
第一篇Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles【福特放弃电动汽车】
第二篇World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than
Some Predict【世界原油产量可能提前十年达到峰值】
第三篇Citizen Scientists【公民科学家】
第四篇Motoring Technology【汽车技术】
第五篇Late-night Drinking【在深夜饮咖啡】
第六篇Make Light of Sleep【不要太在意睡眠】
第七篇Sugar Power for Cell Phones【用糖为手机发电】
第八篇Eiffel Is an Eyeful【引人注目的埃菲尔铁塔】
第九篇Egypt felled by famine【埃及饱受饥荒折磨】
第十篇Young Female Chimps Outlearn Their
Brothers【年轻雌猩猩学习优于她们的弟兄】
第十一篇When Our Eyes Serve Our
Stomach【我们的视觉服务于我们的胃口】(新增)
第十二篇Florida Hit by Cold Air Mass【佛罗里达遭受冷气团袭击】
第十三篇Invisibility Ring【隐形环】
第十四篇Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk
Drivers【日本用来监视醉酒司机的新型概念车】
第十五篇Winged Robot Learns to Fly【肋生双翅机器人学飞行】
第十六篇Japanese Drilling into Core of
Earth【日本人的地心旅行】
第十七篇A Sunshade for the Planet【地球防晒霜】
地十八篇Thirst for Oil【石油匮乏】
第十九篇Musical Robot Companion Enhances Listener
Experience【音乐机器人伴侣提升音乐欣赏体验】(新增)
第二十篇Explorer of the Extreme Deep【深海探索器】
第二十一篇Plant Gas【植物,沼气的又一来源】
第二十二篇Snowflakes【雪花】
第二十三篇Powering a City? It’s a Breeze【风力发电?轻而易举】
第二十四篇Underground Coal Fires —a Looming Catastrophe【地下煤着火—即将来临的灾难】
第二十五篇Eat to Live【为生存而食】
第二十六篇Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents
Differently【男女飞行员引起飞行事故的差异】
第二十七篇Driven to Distraction【分散注意力驾驶】
第二十八篇Sleep Lets Brain File
Memories【睡眠促使记忆归档存储】
第二十九篇Food Fright【对食物的惊恐】
第三十篇Digital Realm【数码王国】
*第三十一篇Hurricane
Katrina【卡特里娜飓风】
*第三十二篇Mind-reading
Machine【读心机】
*第三十三篇Experts Call for Local and Regional
Control of Sites for Radioactive
Waste【专家呼吁局部和区域控制放射性废物地点】
*第三十四篇Batteries Built by
Viruses【病毒电池】
*第三十五篇Putting Plants to
Work【植物效能】
*第三十六篇Listening Device Provides Landslide Early
Warning【听觉仪器提供早期山崩预警】
*第三十七篇“Don’t Drink Alone” Gets New Meaning【“不要在就餐时间以外饮酒”有了新含义】
*第三十八篇”Life Form Found” on Saturn’s Titan【土卫六上发现了生命迹象】
*第三十九篇Clone Farm【克隆农场】
*第四十篇Teaching Math, Teaching
Anxiety【教数学,教焦虑】
+第四十一篇Too Little for Global
Warming【全球变暖“缺油”】
+第四十二篇Renewable Energy
Sources【可再生资源】
+第四十三篇Forecasting
Methods【天气预报的方法】
+第四十四篇Defending the Theory of Evolution Still
Seems Needed【捍卫进化论仍有必要】
+第四十五篇Small But Wise【小而聪明】
+第四十六篇 Ants Have Big Impact on Environment
as “Ecosystem
Engineers”【 蚂蚁作为“生态系统工程师”对环境影响巨大】
+第四十七篇Listening to
Birdsong【倾听鸟鸣】
+第四十八篇Researchers Discover Why Humans Began
Walking Upright【研究人员发现人类开始直立行走的原因】(新增)
+第四十九篇U.S. Scientists Confirm Water on
Mars【美国科学家确认火星上有水】
+第五十篇Cell Phones Increase Traffic, Pedestrian
Fatalities【手机增加交通行人死亡】
第六部分 完形填空
第一篇Captain Cook Arrow Legend【库克船长弓箭的传说】
第二篇Avalanche and Its Safety【雪崩和安全问题】
第三篇Giant Structures【巨型建筑】(新增)
第四篇Animal's "Sixth Sense"【动物的“第六感”】
第五篇Singing Alarms Could Save the
Blind【警报器救盲人】
第六篇Car Thieves could Be Stopped
Remotely【远程制止偷车贼】
第七篇An Intelligent Car【智能汽车】
第八篇Why India Needs Its Dying
Vultures【印度为什么需要濒临灭亡的秃鹰】(新增)
第九篇Wonder Webs【奇妙的网】
第十篇Chicken Soup for the Soul: Comfort Food Fights
Loneliness【心灵鸡汤:爽心食品排解孤独感】
*第十一篇Climate Change Poses Major Risks for
Unprepared Cities【气候变化给不备城市带来重大风险】(新增)
*第十二篇Free Statins With Fast Food Could
Neutralize Heart Risk【快餐加免费降胆固醇药物可以降低罹患心脏病的风险】
+第十三篇Better Solar Energy Systems: More Heat,
More Light【更有效的太阳能系统:更多热量,更强灯光】(新增)
+第十四篇Sharks Perform a Service for Earth's
Waters【鲨鱼有益于地球水系】
+第十五篇”Liquefaction” Key to Much of Japanese Earthquake
Damage【“液化”是日本地震破坏的关键】
第四部分 阅读理解
第一篇 Bringing Nanotechnology to Health Care for the
Poor【纳米保健技术走向贫困国家】
第二篇 Medical Journals【医学杂志】
第三篇 Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor【厨房油烟可致癌】
第四篇 Multivitamins Urged for All Pregnant
Women【孕期妇女宜多补充多维制剂】
第五篇 U.S. Eats Too Much Salt【美国人吃盐过量】
第六篇 Pushbike Peril【自行车的危险】
第七篇 Late-night Drinking【深夜饮咖啡】
第八篇 Eat Health 【健康饮食】
第九篇 U.S. to Start $3.2 Billion Child Health Study in
January【美国将在一月启动一项耗资32亿美元的儿童健康研究项目】
第十篇 Cigars Instead?【换抽雪茄】
第十一篇Sleeplessness【失眠】
第十二篇Common-cold Sense【关于感冒的常识】
第十三篇Drug Reactions—A
Major Cause of Death【药物反应—导致死亡的主要原因】
第十四篇Dreams【梦】
第十五篇Warm People Likely to Keep Cold at
Bay【乐观情绪助你远离感冒】
第十六篇Eat to Live【为生存而食】(新增)
*第十七篇Eating Potatoes Gives Your Immune System a
Boost【食用土豆能促进我们的免疫系统】
*第十八篇Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly
Diabetics【老年糖尿病患者进行体育锻炼可以取代胰岛素治疗】
*第十九篇Prolonging Human
Life【延长人类生命】
*第二十篇FDA: Human, Animal Waste Threatens
Produce【FDA:人畜排泄物危及农产品】
*第二十一篇Early or Later Day
Care【送儿童上日托早些还是晚些】
*第二十二篇Egypt felled by
famine【被饥荒颠覆的埃及】
*第二十三篇After-birth Depression Blamed for
Suicide【产后抑郁症—妇女自杀的罪魁祸首】
*第二十四篇Sleep Lets Brain File
Memories【睡眠促使记忆归档存储】
*第二十五篇Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize
Announcements【诺贝尔奖的公布从医学奖开始】
*第二十六篇Obesity: the Scourge of the Western
World【肥胖症:西方世界的灾祸】
*第二十七篇New Attempts to Eradicate AIDS
Virus【根除艾滋病的新突破】
*第二十八篇Diseases of Agricultural
Plants【农作物的病害】
*第二十九篇 "Don't Drink Alone" Gets New
Meaning【“不要在就餐时间以外饮酒”有了新含义】(新增)
*第三十篇Silent and
Deadly【无症状的却致命的】
*第三十一篇Spacing in
Animals【动物的间隔距离】
*第三十二篇Fruit and Vegetable Juices as Beneficial
to Health as Fruits and
Veggies【果汁和蔬菜法与水果和蔬菜一样对人体有益】
*第三十三篇In-line Skating and
Injuries【轮滑(滑旱冰)和损伤】
+第三十四篇Who Wants to Live
Forever【谁想永生】
+第三十五篇Single-parent Kids Do
Best【单亲幼儿最出色】
+第三十六篇Dangerous Sunshine to
Children【日光有害儿童健康】
+第三十七篇Hypertension Drugs Found to Cut Risk of
Stroke【发现高血压药品可降低中风的危险】
+第三十八篇Pregnancy Anomalies May Lower Breast
Cancer Risk【怀孕异常会降低乳腺癌发生率】
+第三十九篇Sauna【桑拿浴】(新增)
+第四十篇Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like
Others【咸度味感因人而异】
+第四十一篇Kidney Disease and Heart Disease Spur Each
Other【肾病和心脏病相互刺激】
+第四十二篇More about Alzheimer’s Disease【早老性痴呆研究的新进展】
+第四十三篇Education of Students with Vision
Impairments【视力损伤的学生的教育】
+第四十四篇Water Pollution【水污染】
+第四十五篇DNA Fingerprinting【DNA指纹】
+第四十六篇Malnutrition【营养不良】
+第四十七篇Drug Resistance1 Fades Quickly in Key Aids
Drug【治疗AIDS药物的抗药性会很快消失】
+第四十八篇IQ-Gene【智商基因】
+第四十九篇A Gay
Biologist【一名同性恋生物学家】
+第五十篇15 Million Americans Suffer from Social
Anxiety Disorder【1500万美国人有社交焦虑症】
第六部分 完形填空
第一篇Better Control of TB Seen If a Faster Cure Is
Found【找到速效治疗剂可以更好控制结核病】
第二篇A Biological Clock【生物钟】(新增)
第三篇One Good Reason to Let Smallpox
Live【一个让天花存在的好理由】
第四篇Diet, Alcohol Linked to Nearly One Third of
Cancers【大约三分之一的癌症与饮食和酒精有关】
第五篇Men Too May Suffer from Domestic
Violence【男性也可能是家庭暴力的受害者】
*第六篇Once-daily Pill Could Simplify HIV
Treatment【一天服用一次的药丸可以简化HIV病毒治疗】
*第七篇Exercise【体育运动】
*第八篇Old And Active【老而有用】
*第九篇The Case of the Disappearing
Fingerprints【指纹消失事件】(新增)
*第十篇Hospital
Mistreatment【医院里的虐待】
+第十一篇Migrant Workers【移民工人】
+第十二篇Dreams【梦之闲话】
+第十三篇Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart
Attack【科学家探索发现心脏病的方法】
+第十四篇Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ
Scores【运动的年轻人智商更高】(新增)
+第十五篇Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred
Years【上世纪人类平均寿命的变化】
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2014年职称英语考试阅读理解教材变化、备考指导汇总
  2014年职称英语考试阅读理解教材变化、备考指导汇总!(包含综合类、卫生类、理工类)  
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职称英语--报考指南及考试技巧
[职称英语] 知识点讲解大全2011 年 6 月 21 日1 目录一、职称英语报考指南........................................................................................ 1 二、职称英语考试技巧........................................................................................ 5 三、阅读练习 .....................................................................................................682 一、职称英语报考指南?报名时间 每年 11 月中下旬(双休日除外),逾期不再补报。 ?考试时间 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试一般为每年 4 月的第二个 星期日举行 ?考试级别/适用范围 以下是全国职称外语等级考试级别划分及适用范围, 请大家根据 自己的职称英语要求选择报考。 考试等级 申报职称 职称系列 A 级 B 级 C 级 高校教师教授、副教授讲师 自然科学研究与社会科学研究研究员、 副研究员助理研究员社会 科学研究(研究员、副研究员第二外语) 卫生技术(医、药、护、技)主任医(药、护、技)师副主任医(药、 护、技)师⑴主治(管)医(药、护、技)师 ⑵在县及县以下所属单位工作 的人员申报正、副主任医(药、护、技)师,在县及县以下所属单位 工作的人员申报主治(管)医(药、护、技)师。 工程技术高级工程师(含教授级高级工程师)⑴工程师 ⑵在县 及县以下所属单位工作的人员申报高级工程师(含教授级高级工程1 师)⑵在县及县以下所属单位工作的人员申报工程师。 农业技术农业技术推广研究员高级农艺师农艺师 实验技术 高级实验师实验师 中学教师 中学高级教师 高级讲师讲师中等专业学校教师技工学校教师 高级讲师(高级实习指导教师)讲师 经济专业高级国际商务师高级经济师 国际商务师经济师 助理 国际商务师 会计专业 高级会计师会计师 统计专业 高级统计师统计师审计专业 高级审计师审计师 体育教练员国家级教练高级教练一级教练 工艺美术专业 高级工艺美术师工艺美术师 翻译专业 译审、副译审(第二外语)翻译(第二外语) 播音专业播音指导主任播音员一级播音员 新闻专业高级记者(高级编辑)主任记者(主任编辑)记者(编辑) 艺术(广播电视艺术)艺术一级艺术二级、主任舞台技师艺术三 级、舞台技师 出版专业编审副编审编辑(一级校对) 文博专业、图书资料专业、档案专业研究馆员副研究馆员馆员 公证员一级公证员二级公证员三级公证员 律师一级律师二级律师三级律师2 ?报考类别的选择 综合类,理工类,卫生类考试原则上没有严格的界限。综合类文 章可以考到理工类去,理工类可以考到卫生类和综合类。三类考试之 间没有严格界限区分。国家在每位考生评定职称的时候,到底要求是 理工类成绩,卫生类成绩,基本上国家还没有明确规定。假如你评定 主任医师,卫生类职称,你可以考综合类,也可以考卫生类。严格意 义上没有很严格的要求。到底决定报综合类,理工类,还是卫生类, 有两个依据。首先问一下自己单位的人,要评定职称要报什么类比较 合适。如果单位没有明确要求和规定的话,可以根据自己的现实情况 选择,如果工作中接触的文章都是理工类的文章,那就报理工类。假 如接触的文章是社会类文章,那就报综合类。 ?免考规定 取得外语(从事翻译工作人员及外语教师第二外语)专业专科及以 上学历的人员申报中、高级职称评审;获得博士学位申报高级(含正高 级)职称评审;获得硕士学位申报中级职称评审;留学回国人员首次参 加职称评审;申报副高级职称评审时已取得职称外语合格证书(含 1977 年底前参加工作人员外语成绩达到 45 分)的人员申报正高级职 称评审;参加 《全国工商企业出国培训备选人员外语考试》 通过中(Ⅰ) , 级者申报中级职称评审,通过高(A)级者申报高级职称评审等五类考 生可免职称外语等级考试。 凡参加国家人事部和北京市人事局组织的各类专业技术资格考 试和职(执)业资格考试取得资格证书的人员,聘用单位可根据岗位需3 要自主决定对应聘人员的外语水 平要求。凡实行考评结合的系列(专 业)及体育教练员、工艺美术、广播电视艺术、技校高级实习指导教 师系列(专业), 外语考试成绩可不作为申报条件, 其合格 成绩或当年 考试成绩作为职称评审的要素之一。 ?注意事项 为了保证报考信息的准确采集和处理, 报考人员在报名和考试时 要注意以下事项: 1、 根据各省市人事厅(局)考试中心发布的报名程序和要求, 到指 定的报名点领取报名表。如果规定实行光电阅读器--计算机自动采集 报名信息,还要领取报名信息卡和《报考手册》 。由单位集体组织报 名的,应按本人所在单位规定的具体程序报考。 2、如实、准确、工整地填写报名表中的各有关项目,并由所在 单位加盖公章。使用报名信息卡的,除按要求填写报名表外,还应严 格按照《报考手册》中规定的填涂工具和填涂要求,认真、准确添涂 好报名信息卡。报名表和报名信息卡填好后,应认真检查,确保报名 的填写和报名信息卡的填涂准确无误。 3、携带报名表、报名信息卡、照片、身份证和其它所需证件到报名 点办理报名手续,报名点发给每一报考人员一个报名序号,该报名序 号应保存好,以备后用。4 二、职称英语考试技巧给大家说说关心的“字典”问题: 给大家说说关心的“字典”问题: 针对职称英语考试中的第一部分词汇题, 我建议大家带一本同义 词词典(双解词典) ,这类词典的特点是用几个同义词注解某一英文 单词,大家可以非常方便地在注解中找到答案。 有了字典,又该如何查呢?我经常听到有学员在答疑室中说:某 某单词在字典里查不到,其实不是字典里没有,而是他们不会查,最 常见到的情况有两种: 第一种:分不清单词词性;如: 1. Before leaving the house, she closed the windows. 2. She is close to success. 两句话里都有 close,但是词性不同,第一句话里的是动词,因为有 形式上的变化(-ed) ;而第二句话里的 close 跟在 is 的后面,而且形 式上没有变化,因此判断为形容词。当寻找他们的同义词时,应针对 不同的词性加以判断。这一点对于大家来说非常重要! 第二中:分不清划线单词是原形,现在分词或过去式: 如:Her sister urged her to apply for the job. (P602) advised B.caused C.forced D.promised如果去字典里查 urged,当然是查不到的。 Tickets are limited and will be allocated to those who apply first.(P461) posted B. Sent C.handed5D. Given 接下来,我们一起练几题,大家可以八仙过海各显神通,看谁做得又 快又好! 1. Practically all animals communicate through sounds. B.Almost C.Absolutely D.BasicallyA.Clearly2. The story was very touching. A.Inspiring B.Boring C.Moving D.absorbingYou should have blended the butter with the sugar thoroughly. A.Spread B.Mixed C.Beaten D.covered4. I won’t tolerate that kind of behaviour. A.bear B.accept C.admit D.take5. The index is the government’s chief gauge of future economic activity. A.method B.measure C.way D.manner阅读理解常用提问方式 1.有关主旨题的提问方式: 1.有关主旨题的提问方式: 有关主旨题的提问方式 1) The main(主要的)idea(思想,主意)of this passage(文章) is… 2)Which of the following(下列的)statements(句子)best expresses (表达) the main idea of the passage? 3) The passage mainly discusses(讨论)… 4)This passage mainly deals with(涉及)… 5) The author’s purpose(意图) in writing this passage is…6 6)What is the passage mainly about?2.有关细节题的提问方式: 有关细节题的提问方式: 有关细节题的提问方式 1)Some people do sth. because ____________? 2)According to the passage, we can know that ___________. 3)What … ? Which … ? Who (Whom) … ? When (What time)… 4)Which of the following statements is true except...?? Which of the following statementsis not mentioned?? Which of the following is mentioned?? Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE??3.有关词语释义题的提问方式: 有关词语释义题的提问方式: 有关词语释义题的提问方式 1) The word “…”in line(行)… refers to(指)… 2) In paragraph 4,“ it ” refer to (means)………4.有关推理判断题的提问方式: 1) It can be inferred(推断) from the passage that…. 2) Which of the following can be inferred? 3) It can be concluded (结论) from the passage that … .5.有关作者观点意图题的提问方式: 1) The author’s main(主要的)purpose(目的) in this passage is….7 2) The author’s purpose of writing this passage is…. 3) In this passage the author’s attitude(看法)could best.. 4) The author’s main thought(思想) is that…众所周知,阅读理解题的成败关乎到考试能否及格,所以一定要 掌握好的解题方法,在大家词汇量都不是很多的情况下,方法就显得 极其重要! 阅读理解例题: 阅读理解例题: 例一: 例一: Light Night,Dark Stars , 1. Thousands of people around the globe step outside to gaze at theirnight sky. a clear night, with no clouds, moonlight, artificial lights On or to block the view, people can see more than 14,000 stars in the sky, says Dennis Ward , an astronomer with the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research(UCAR)in Boulder,Colo.But when people are surrounded by city lights.he says,they’re lucky to see 150 stars. 2. If you've ever driven toward a big city at night and seen its glowfrom a great distance, you’ve witnessed light pollution.It occurs when light from streetlights, office buildings, signs, other sources streams and into space and illuminates the night sky.This haze of light makes many stars invisible to people on Earth. Even at night, cities like New York big glow from light pollution, making stargazing difficult。8 3.Dust and particles of pollution from factories and industries worsenthe effects ot light pollution.“If one city has a lot more light pollution than another,”Ward says,“that city will suffer the effects of light pollution on a much greater scale.” 4. Hazy skies also make it far more difficult for astronomers to dotheir jobs. 5. Cities are getting larger.Suburbs are growing in once dark,ruralareas.Light from all this new development is increasingly obscuring tile faint light given off by distant stars.And if scientists can't locate these objects,they can’t learn more about them. 6. Light pollution doesn’t only affect star visibility. can harm wildlife Ittoo.It’s clear that artificial light call attract animals,making them go off course”.There’s increasing evidence.For example, that migrating birds use sunsets and sunrises to help find their way, says Sydney Gauthreaus Jr., a scientist at Clemson University in South Carolina.“When light occurs at night,” he says, “it has a very disruptive influence.”Sometimes birds fly into lighted towers,high rises,and cables from radio and televisioll towers.Experts estimate that millions of birds die this way every year.1. When can people see 14000 stars? A When they have a fairly good telescope.9 B When they are in a large city. C When the night sky is clear of clouds,moonlight and artificial lights. D When the night sky is without haze and fog. 2.Which of the following statements is NOT related to light pollution? A A haze of light formed from artificial lights such as streetlights and building lights. B Lights from different sources in the city stream into space and illuminate the night sky. C The night sky is illuminated by the lights from big glowing cities in the night. D Stargazing becomes difficult because there is a layer of haze in the air. 3.Does the writer think growing cities affect astronomers’work?Why does he think so? A Yes.Because the once dark rural areas are polluted by lights. B No.Because they can still see stars in rural areas. C.Yes.Because rural areas are not a good place for astronomers to study stars。 D. No. Because faint light given off by stars call still be seen on a clear night 4. How does light pollutiotl affect wildlife? Which of the following is NOT correct? A . Animals may go off course due to the attraction of artificial lights.10 B . Animals might be attracted by artificial lights to go into cities. C. Artificial lights at night may make migrating birds lose their way. D Attracted by artificial lights,birds fly into lighted buildings. 5.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the title”Light Night, Dark Stars”? A. The night sky is light colored and stars are black. B. Lights appear at night and stars are seen in the dark. C. Cities lights illunfinate the night sky and make stars invisible. D City lights at night illuminate stars in the sky. 先理解标题,推测文章内容: 先理解标题,推测文章内容:Light Night,Dark Stars。没有生词, 明亮的夜晚,昏暗的星空。只是看题目,还不易推测出文章的主要内 容,因此,要快速浏览全文,看能否找到出现频率较高的词或短语, 它们有可能就是文章的核心! 大家看到了我用黑线标出了出现频率最 多的短语:light pollution.所以可以推测文章的内容和光污染有关。 接下来判断所给 5 题的题型,我们发现 1 至 4 都是细节题,因此 只需要找到关键词逐一回答即可。而第 5 题是主旨题,而且是最后一 题,所以要等文章读完后最后做。1. When can people see 14000 stars? A When they have a fairly good telescope 当他们有一个非常不错的望 远镜. B When they are in a large city 当他们在大城市时.11 C When the night sky is clear of clouds,moonlight and artificial lights , 当夜空中没有云、月光和人造灯光时. 当夜空中没有云、月光和人造灯光时. D When the night sky is without haze and fog 当夜空没有阴霾和大雾 时. 分析: 分析:关键词很容易找 14000 stars,在第一段出现了该词: , Thousands of people(数以千计的人) around the globe (世界上) step outside(走出去) to gaze at(凝视) their night sky.On a clear or 人造的) (晴朗的) night, with no clouds, moonlight, artificial (人造的) 晴朗的) , , lights to block 遮挡、 挡住) people can see more than 14,000 (遮挡、 )the view, 挡住 , stars in the sky(答案 C),says Dennis Ward,an astronomer(天文学家) with the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research(UCAR)in Boulder,Colo.But when people are surrounded (被。。包围)by city 。 lights.he says,they’re lucky to see 150 stars. 补充:请注意短语: 无阻碍、障碍、 补充:请注意短语:be clear of sth: 无阻碍、障碍、危险 如:Wait until the road is clear of traffic before crossing.(等到路上没车 等到路上没车 时再过马路。 时再过马路。)2.Which of the following statements(叙述) is NOT related to(同。。有 。 关) light pollution? A A haze of light is formed from artificial lights such as streetlights and building lights 阴霾的光是由人造光而形成的, ( 如路灯和建筑物的光) . B Lights from different sources in the city stream into space and12 illuminate the night sky 来自于不同来源的光进入太空并照亮了夜空. C The night sky is illuminated by the lights from big glowing cities in the night 夜空由晚上大城市发出的光照亮. D Stargazing star + gazing 观望星星) becomes difficult because there 观望星星) ( is a layer of haze in the air 由于空气中有一层霾, 由于空气中有一层霾, 所以观望星星变得困 难. 分析:本题的关键词是 light pollution,而且按照题目的题号应该在文 分析: 而且按照题目的题号应该在文 章的前面,所以从第二段找找看: 章的前面,所以从第二段找找看: If you've ever driven toward a big city at night and seen its glow from a great distance(答案 C), you’ve witnessed(见证、目睹) light pollution. occurs when light from streetlights, It office buildings, signs, and other sources streams into space and illuminates the night sky (答案 A,B 表述) .This haze of light makes many stars invisible to people on Earth.Even at night,big cities like New York glow from light pollution, making stargazingdifficult(请注意这句话并不是答案 D,他们不同, 该句是说:甚至在晚上,许多像纽约这样的大城市所产生的灯光使观 望星星变得困难。 )所以,D 的表述同光污染没有关联。3.Does the writer think growing cities affect astronomers’ work?Why does he think so? A Yes.Because the once dark rural areas are polluted by lights 因为曾 . 经黑暗的乡村地区被光污染了. 经黑暗的乡村地区被光污染了.13 B No.Because they Call still see stars in rural areas. C.Yes.Because rural areas are not a good place for astronomers to study stars 因为乡村地区不是一个好的研究星星的地方。 D. No. Because faint light given off by stars call still be seen on a clear night 分析:题目是说:不断扩大的城市会影响天文学家的工作吗?为什么 他会这样认为? 在 A 答案中我们可以看到线索词:polluted 和 lights.所以,根据阅读 的规律,只要和线索词有关的答案,多半就是最终答案。如果大家想 检查答案是否正确的话,也可以带着关键词 astronomers 去找答案: Hazy skies also make it far more difficult for astronomers to do their jobs. 通过对句子的分析,排除答案 B,D.留下 A,C.在接下来的段落中可 以对答案加以判断: Cities are getting larger. Suburbs 郊区) are growing in once dark, ( rural areas . Light from all this new development is increasingly obscuring(使。。 。 变得模糊) the faint (微弱的) light given off by distant stars.And if scientists can't locate(确定。。的位置) these objects, 。 they can’t learn more about them. 总结: 做阅读理解时大家需要牢牢抓住文章的中心或核心词, 只要被 总结: 做阅读理解时大家需要牢牢抓住文章的中心或核心词, 选项中有核心内容的出现就可以推测为正确答案! 选项中有核心内容的出现就可以推测为正确答案! 4. How does light pollution affect wildlife? Which of the following is NOT14 correct? A . Animals may go off course due to the attraction of artificial lights 由于受到人造光的吸引,动物们可能偏离航向. B . Animals might be attracted by artificial lights to go into cities. . 动物们可能会受到人造光的吸引而进入城市 C. Artificial lights at night may make migrating birds lose their way. 夜间的人造光可能会使迁徙的鸟类们迷路 D Attracted by artificial lights,birds fly into lighted buildings. 由于受到人造光的吸引,鸟类飞进有光的建筑物里。 分析:题目是说:光污染是如何影响野生动物?下列哪个说法不正 确? 关键词就是 wildlife,在最后一段里,可以找到内容: Light pollution doesn’t only affect star visibility.It can harm wildlife too.It’s clear that artificial light call attract animals,making them go off course”(答案 A) .There’s increasing evidence.For example, that migrating birds use sunsets and sunrises to help find their way, says Sydney Gauthreaus Jr., a scientist at Clemson University in South Carolina.“When light occurs at night,” he says, “it has a very disruptive (破坏性的) influence(答案 C) .”Sometimes birds fly into lighted towers(答案 D) ,high rises,and cables from radio and televisioll towers.Experts estimate that millions of birds die this way every year. 所以,答案 B 并未提到。15 5. Which of the following is closest(最接近的) in meaning 意思) to the ( title&Light Night,Dark Stars&? A. The night sky is light colored and stars are black 夜空是浅色的而星星 是黑色的. B. Lights appear at night and stars are seen in the dark 光显现在夜晚而在黑暗中人们看见星星. C. Cities lights illunfinate the night sky and make stars invisible 城市的灯光照亮了夜空而使得星星已经无法看见. 城市的灯光照亮了夜空而使得星星已经无法看见. 光照亮了夜空而使得星星已经无法看见 D City lights at night illuminate stars in the sky. 夜晚的城市的灯光照亮了天空中的星星。 分析:本题是唯一的一道主旨题,所以需要纵观全文。通过我们对前 4 题的解答,完全可以判断出文章的主题就是说:由于不断扩大的城 市,越来越多的城市灯光,已经成为一种污染,使得天空中的星星黯 然失色,所以答案就是 C。例二: 例二: Declining Interest in Developing Foreign Language Skills 1. Australia’s foreign language skills are declining, voice of America has reported. New figures show that only 13 percent of high school graduates can speak a foreign language. But four decades ago, 40 percent had foreign language skills.16 2. Professor Elise Tipton, from the University of Sydney, says increasingly students do not feel the need to learn another language to boost their career. She believes that Australia’s economic boom, which is driven by red-hot demand for its minerals, is helping mask serious deficiencies in its language skills. 3. Australia does business very successfully in English with most of its trading partners. But as the world’s economic power shifts to emerging regions such as Asia, its language gap could soon be exposed. According to the new figures, less than 6.5 percent of high school graduates are proficient in an Asian language. Academics worry that this means Australia will increasingly be isolated from its economically important Asian neighbors. Dilip Dutta, from the economics and business faculty at Sydney University, says language skills can enhance trading opportunities. If Australians want to trade with Asian countries, it is very important for them to learn the language that will help them to get closer to the culture. 4. But students have different opinions about Asian language learning Pippa McCowage, a 22-year-old Australian student, says many young Australians have a half-hearted approach to foreign languages, and the language curriculum is often weak. “While we’re encouraged in high school to learn another language, it’s not really apparent to me as a realistic expectation that you will have to speak it,” said McCowage. “For17 example, I learned Japanese in high school, when I went on an exchange in Year 10, I found that the Japanese students of my age had a much greater proficiency in English than I did in Japanese. So in that sense, it almost discourages you. 5. At present, about 70 percent of Australia’s major exports go to Asia and the Australian government has been keen on developing closer economic and diplomatic ties with Asia. Academics say that, as Asia becomes one of the world’s economic powerhouses, Australia needs to improve its language skills if it is to take full advantage of the business opportunities on its doorstep.1. How much percent of high school graduates were proficient in foreign languages forty years ago? A. 70. B) 13. C) 40. D) 6.5.2. What can be inferred from paragraph 2? A) Australia has rich deposits of minerals. B) Australia is essentially a self-sufficient country. C) Australia has no intention to trade with Asian countries. D) Australian students are not required to learn a foreign language. 3.What does Dilip Dutta think language skills can do? A. Improve your relation with your partner. B. Help settle international conflicts.18 C. Remove barriers in negotiations. D. Increase trading opportunities. 4. Why has the Australian government been keenly interested in strengthening ties with Asia? A) Because Asia is where Australia is located. B) Because Asia is where Australia’s major exports go. C) Because Asia is where Australians go and spend their holidays. C) Because Asia is where Australia can play a big role in international affairs. 5. The word &faculty& in paragraph 3 can be replaced by _______. A) college. B) institute. C) university. D) department.解题目:Declining 衰退的 Interest 兴趣 in Developing 发展、开 发 Foreign Language 外语 Skills 技能,所以串在一起可以将之理 解成:逐渐丧失提高外语技能的兴趣。通过理解题目,我们可以推测 一下,在文章中 foreign languages 和 declining interest 应是核心词。接下来,来看 5 道题的题目,对出题方式加以判断:1,3,4 都是细 节题,而 2 题是推断题;5 题是词语释义题。针对不同出题方式的题 目要以不同的方法加以应对。1. How much percent 百分数 of high school graduates(高中毕业生) were proficient(精通的)in foreign languages forty years ago(4019 年前)? A) 70. B)13. C) 40. D) 6.5.分析:这是细节题,关键词:high school graduates,forty years ago。 位于第一题的位置,所以答案应该来源于第一段: Australia’s foreign language skills are declining, Voice of America has reported. New figures(数字)show that only 13 percent of high school graduates can speak a foreign language. But four decades(一个 decade 是 10 年) ago 40 年前)40 percent had foreign ( , language skills(答案的出处).2. What can be inferred(推测出) from paragraph 2? A) Australia has rich deposits of minerals.(澳大利亚有丰富的矿 藏) B) Australia is essentially a self-sufficient country. C) Australia has no intention to trade with Asian countries. D) Australian students are not required to learn a foreign language. 分析:题目中有 infer,所以该题是推断题。因此,需要读第二段, 寻找核心内容,主要是要找到关键句: Professor Elise Tipton, from the University of Sydney, says increasingly students do not feel the need to learn another language to boost their career. She believes that Australia’s economic boom(经济的繁荣), which is driven(受到驱动) by red-hot(非常有活力的) demand(要20 求)for its minerals 矿物(核心词), is helping mask 掩盖 serious deficiencies 不足 in its language skills. 注意:一般发现 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,哪个选项出现中心词,一 般该选项就是正确答案。3.What does Dilip Dutta think language skills can do? A. Improve your relation with your partner. B. Help settle international conflicts. C. Remove barriers in negotiations. D. Increase trading opportunities. 分析:这是一道标准的细节题,中心词就是: 分析:这是一道标准的细节题,中心词就是:Dilip Dutta。带着它, 。带着它, 我们可以在第三段里搜索到相关的语句: 我们可以在第三段里搜索到相关的语句: Dilip Dutta, from the economice and business faculty at Sydney University, says language skills can enhance trading opportunities (答案 D 出处! IF Australians want to trade with Asian countries, it is very ). important for them to learn the language that will help them to get closer to the culture.4. Why has the Australian government (澳大利亚政府)been keenly (强烈地) interested in strengthening(加强) ties(联系)with Asia (亚洲)? A) Because Asia is where Australia is located.21 B) Because Asia is where Australia’s major exports go. C) Because Asia is where Australians go and spend their holidays. C) Because Asia is where Australia can play a big role in international affairs. 分析:从题目的类型来说,一定是细节题,找到核心词:Australian government,keenly interested in,ties with Asia。我们会发现核心词 没有出现在第四段中,而在最后一段中出现了: At present, about 70 percent of Australia’s major exports (主要的出口货 物) go to Asia and (该词相当于 so,因果关系连词)the Australian government has been keen on developing closer(亲密的) economic (经济的) and diplomatic (外交的)ties with Asia(答案出处). Academics say that, as Asia becomes one of the world’s economic powerhouses 支柱) Australia needs to improve its language skills if it is ( , to take full advantage of the business opportunities on its doorstep.5. The word &faculty& in paragraph 3 can be replaced by _______. A) college 学院. C) university 大学. B) institute 学会、研究所 D) department 系.分析:这是一道词语释义题。大家可以查字典,也可以根据单词出现 的前后文来判断:Dilip Dutta, from the economics(经济学) and business 贸易) faculty at Sydney University,。。 ( 。 因为后面有...university, 因此自然想到是大学里的“系” 。22 例三: 例三: Older Volcanic Eruptions 1. Volcanoes were more destructive in ancient history, not because they were bigger, but because the carbon dioxide they released wiped out life greater ease. 2. Paul Wignall from the University of Leeds was investigating the link between volcanic eruptions and mass extinctions. Not all volcanic eruptions killed off large numbers of animals, but all the mass extinctions over the past 300 million years coincided with huge formations of volcanic rock. To his surprise, the older the massive volcanic eruptions were, the more more damage they seemed to do . He calculated the “killing efficiency” for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they produced. He found that size for size, older eruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals. 3. The Permian extinction, for example, which happened 250 million years ago, is marked by floods of volcanic rock in Siberia that cover an area roughly the size of western Europe. Those volcanoes are thought to have pumped out about 10 gigatonnes of carbon as carbon dioxide. The global warming that followed wiped out 80 per cent of all marine genera at the time, and it took 5 million years for the planet to recover. Yet 6023 million years ago, there was another huge amount of volcanic activity and global warming but no mass extinction. Some animals did disappear but things returned to normal within ten thousands of years. “The most recent ones hardly have an effect at all,” Wignall says. He ignored the extinction which wiped out the dinosaurs 65 million years ago, because many scientists believe it was primarily caused by the impact of an asteroid. He thinks that older volcanoes had more killing power because more recent life forms were better adapted to dealing with increased levels of CO2. 4. Vincent Courtillot, director of the paris Geophysical Institute in France, says that Wignall’s idea is provocative. But he says it is incredibly hard to do these sorts of calculations. He points out that the killing power of volcanic eruptions depends on how long they lasted. And it is impossible to tell whether the huge blasts lasted for thousands or millions of years. He also adds that it is difficult to estimate how much lava prehistoric volcanoes produced, and that lava volume may not necessarily correspond to carbon dioxide emissions. 1. Why did older volcanic eruptions do more damage than more recent ones? A. Because they killed off life more easily. B. Because they were brighter. C. Because they were larger.24 D. Because they were hotter. 2. How did Wignall calculate the killing power of those older volcanic eruptions? A. By estimating how long they lasted. B. By counting the dinosaurs they killed. C. By studying the chemical composition of lava. D. By comparing the proportion of life wiped out with the volume of lava produced. 3. When did dinosaurs become extinct? A) 300 million years ago. B) 250 million years ago. C) 60 million years ago. D) 65 million years ago 4.What can be inferred from paragraph 3 concerning dinosaurs? A) They were killed off by an asteroid. B) They died of drastic climate change. C) They were wiped off by a volcanic eruption. D) The cause of their extinction has remained a controversial issue. 5. What is the main thesis of the article? A) Volcanic eruptions are not always deadly. B) Older volcanic eruptions were more destructive. C) Carbon dioxide emissions often give rise to global warming.25 D) It is not easy to calculate the killing power of a volcanic eruption.解标题:Older Volcanic(火山的) Eruptions(喷发) 本文讲的是远古火山喷发,所以 older volcanic eruptions 应是核心词。1. Why did older volcanic eruptions do more damage than more recent ones?(为什么远古火山喷发比近期喷发损害更大?) A. Because they killed off life more easily. B. Because they were brighter. C. Because they were larger. D. Because they were hotter. 分析:细节题。第一题,一般在开头段落寻找答案。 Volcanoes were more destructive(更具有破坏性的)in ancient history (在古代的劳历史中) not because (不是因为) , they were bigger, but because (而是因为) carbon dioxide the (二氧化碳) they released (他 们所释放的,定语修饰前面的 the carbon dioxide) wipedout 擦去、 抹去 life 生命 greater ease(更容易). 句子是说:古代的火山更具杀伤力,不是因为它们更大,而是因为它 们释放出来的二氧化碳更容易把人杀死。 所以答案 A 表述的内容同本 段相符。2. How (如何, 询问方式)did Wignall calculate(计算) killing power the26 (杀伤力)of those older volcanic eruptions? A. By estimating how long they lasted.通过估计他们持续多长时间。 B. By counting the dinosaurs they killed.通过数死去的恐龙的的数量 C. By studying the chemical composition of lava.通过研究熔岩的化学构 成。 D. By comparing the proportion of life wiped out with the volume of lava produced.通过比较火山释放出的熔岩的体积与杀死生命的比例。 分析:毫无疑问这是细节题,核心词就是人名:Wignall。 Paul Wignall (核心词出现了, 接下来的内容请大家注意了!!from the !) University of Leeds was investigating the link between volcanic eruptions and mass extinctions. Not all volcanic eruptions killed off large numbers of animals, but all the mass extinctions over the past 300 million years coincided with huge formations of volcanic rock. To his surprise, the older the massive volcanic eruptions were, the more damage they seemed to do . He(代指 Wignall ) calculated the “killing efficiency (功效) for these volcanoes by comparing(比较)the proportion(比 例)of life they killed off with the volume of lava(熔岩)that they produced. (答案出处!)He found that size for size, older eruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals.3. When did dinosaurs become extinct?恐龙什么时候灭绝的? A) 300 million years ago.27 B) 250 million years ago. C) 60 million years ago. D) 65 million years ago 分析:这是标准的细节题,核心词:dinosaurs become extinct。而且 这题的特点就是数字, 所以在接下来的段落中大家要用笔标出所见到 的数字加以判断! The Permian extinction, for example, which happened 250 million years ago(答案 B,但和 dinosaurs become extinct 没有关系,不是答案! ), is marked by floods of volcanic rock in Siberia that cover an area roughly the size of western Europe. Those volcanoes are thought to have pumped out about 10 gigatonnes of carbon as carbon dioxide. The global warming that followed wiped out 80 per cent of all marine genera at the time, and it took 5 million years for the planet to recover. Yet 60 million years ago(答案 C,但和 dinosaurs become extinct 没有关系,不是答 案! there was another huge amount of volcanic activity and global ), warming but no mass extinction. Some animals did disappear but things returned to normal within ten thousands of years. “The most recent ones hardly have an effect at all,” Wignall says. He ignored the extinction 的同根词, 所以含义应是一样的! (该词是 extinct 的同根词, 所以含义应是一样的! which wiped out ) the dinosaurs(核心词露面了!) 65 million years ago(这是答案 D,所 核心词露面了! 核心词露面了 ( , 以这就是我们所要找的! ), !) 以这就是我们所要找的!! because many scientists believe it was primarily caused by the impact of an asteroid. He thinks that older28 volcanoes had more killing power because more recent life forms were better adapted to dealing with increased levels of CO2.4.What can be inferred from paragraph 3 concerning(关于、涉及到) dinosaurs? A) They were killed off by an asteroid(小行星). B) They died of(死于) drastic(急剧的) climate change. C) They were wiped off by a volcanic eruption. D) The cause of their extinction has remained a controversial (有争议 的)issue. 分析:题目就告诉我们这是一道推断题,是第三段。这是一道比较难 的题目。需要大家要读懂句子,还要有推理能力: 相关的句子: “The most recent ones hardly have an effect at all,” Wignall says. He ignored(忽略、忽视) the extinction which wiped out the dinosaurs 65 million years ago, because many scientists believe it was primarily caused by the impact of an asteroid. He thinks that older volcanoes had more killing power because more recent life forms were better adapted to(更好的适应) dealing with increased levels of CO2. 主要句子是说:Wignall 忽略了 6 千 5 百万年前恐龙的灭绝是否跟火 山爆发有关, 而其他很多科学家都认为恐龙的灭绝是受一颗小行星的 影响。这就可以说明科学家们关于恐龙灭绝的原因是由争议的,因此 选择 D。29 5. What is the main thesis of the article?(文章的主要论点是什么?) A) Volcanic eruptions are not always deadly. B) Older volcanic eruptions were more destructive. C) Carbon dioxide emissions often give rise to global warming. D) It is not easy to calculate the killing power of a volcanic eruption. 分析:通过题目分析这是一道主旨题。相当于在文章里寻找中心句。 其实文章第一段就是中心:Volcanoes were more destructive in ancient history, not because they were bigger, but because the carbon dioxide they released wiped out life greater ease. 做完型填空的技巧: 做完型填空的技巧: 我们一般认为完型填空题属于送分题, 因为考题通常是从当年教 材所给出的文章中挑选一篇直接出题。 但需注意在考题设置时并不是 原封不动将原文搬过来,而出题点和空格的设置都会有变化,这就说 明平时在做题时不要背答案, 平时在做题时不要背答案, 平时在做题时不要背答案 而且要把文章中所有的单词尽可能都弄 明白,否则送分题也有可能成为丢分题。因此,我在这里建议大家在 明白,否则送分题也有可能成为丢分题 有可能成为丢分题 复习时要紧扣教材,不要在从外面找不相关的题做,这样是一点帮助 也没有的! 完型填空,旨在考察综合运用英文能力,考题主要从 3 个方面设计: 完型填空 1)词法结构 2)语法结构 3)前后逻辑关系。词法上考查实词(动/ 名/形容词)比例高于虚词(副/介词) 。另外还有多义词/短语;短语 的固定搭配等等。30 那么,在大家做完型填空题时最好能在文章标题的指引下,先通 通 读全文,对文章大意有个了解,接下来在细读 细读这个环节中才会有的放 细读 矢,而不会像没头苍蝇瞎蒙乱猜。最后一遍是查读 查读,顾名思义,边检 查读 查边读,将一些拿不定主意的最后确定下来,这样效果会最佳。完型填空答题思路: 完型填空答题思路: 1. 分析文章标题, 了解文章主题, 确认文章主题词; 分析文章标题, 了解文章主题, 确认文章主题词; 对比被选项, 推测答案可能出自的范围; 2. 对比被选项, 推测答案可能出自的范围; 关注空格两端结构, 3. 关注空格两端结构,借助空格所在的局部搭配结构及搭配语意判 断答案; 断答案; 例题分析: 例题分析: Gun Rights in the US Immediately after the shooting at Virginia Tech University, Americans gathered to mourn the dead. The president and the state governor both hurried there to share the ___1 . But the majority of Americans still cling to their right to ___2 weapons. gunStrictly speaking, the US is not the only country ___3violence has destroyed lives, families and communities in everyday circumstance. But the US is one of the 4 countries that seemsunwilling and politically incapable of doing anything serious to stop it. In countries like Britain and Canada. the government adopted stricter 5 control soon after serious gun violence incidents. US31 leaders, however, are held system.6by the gun lobby and the electoralThe powerful National Rifle Association, the major supporter of gun 7 in the US, is too strong for any party to take on. Most Republicans 8 the years, the Democrats haveoppose gun controls anyway.found that they can either campaign for gun control or win power, not 9 ; they prefer power. According to the US Bureau of Justice Statistics, firearm incidents accounted 10 nine percent of the 4.7 million violent crimes in2005. So, although opinion polls show most Americans want stricter gun laws, many don't want to give up their arms they themselves. Dave Hancock, a Virginia gun lover, is one example. In an interview he said. &If one professor in Virginia incident had been carrying a legal weapon they might have been able to 12 all this.& In his opinion, 11 to protectthe massacre is an argument for more people to carry, weapons, not fewer. But at the root of Americans' clinging to the right to bear arms is not just a fear of crime, but a mistrust of Guardian newspaper. One Virginia resident, who h a concealed firearm, told the Guardian thin it was3213, commented UK's14American's responsibility to have a gun. &Each person,” he said, “should not rely solely government for protection.” 1. A) ceremony 2. A) make trade 3. A) while t 4. A) few 5. A) rifle gun 6. A) prisoner home 7, A) fire violence 8. A) Over 9. A) both one I0. A) of 11. A) hide D) .keep 12. A) control B) stop3315theB) funeral B) ownC) tears C) destroyD) grief D)B) whichC) whereD) thaB) some B) knifeC) much C) bulletD) little D)B) hostageC) personD)B) attacksC) rightsD)B) Since B) eitherC) Till C) eachD) Until D)B) off B) buyC) for C) sellD) outC) handleD) treat 13. A) government professors 14. A) many 15. A) on B) few B) in C) every C) at D) all D) from B) guards C) students D)理解文章题目:Gun(枪支 Rights (权利)in the US 枪支) 权利) 枪支 在美国私人持枪不仅是合理的,而且是合法的,持枪被认为是美国人 民的基本权利之一。私人拥有大量枪支给社会带来了一系列的问题, 枪支泛滥,枪杀不断。但由于历史和现实的因素,美国的枪支的管制 问题却非常困难。 当我们大家读读文章第一段后,看到了 the shooting at Virginia Tech University(弗吉尼亚理工大学) ,马上会回想起曾经发生在 2007 年 4 月 16 日美国弗吉尼亚理工大学的一起由一位韩国学生所制造的有 32 名遇难者的校园枪击惨案。 所以可以推测本文是由那起事件所引发的 对美国人枪支拥有权的反思。接下来, 我们要逐句进行阅读, 尤其要注意句与句之间的联系! 另外, 这是一篇向大家推荐的重点文章,所以,我还会预测有可能设置考点 的一些词、短语,请大家注意!1.Immediately after the shooting(枪击) at Virginia Tech University,34 Americans gathered (聚集)to mourn(哀悼) the dead. 分析:这是文章第一句,交代了写这篇文章的背景:弗吉尼亚理工大 学的枪击案刚发生后,许多美国人聚集在一起为死者进行哀悼。2. The president(总统,应该是布什。 and the state governor(州长) ) both hurried(匆忙地前往) there to share(分享) the ___1 . A) ceremony 仪式、典礼 C) tears 眼泪 B) funeral 葬礼 D) grief 忧伤、悲伤 忧伤、分析:前句提到,人们聚集在一起为死者默哀,因此,后句应该是: 总统和州长匆匆前往与大家同悲。Share 是分享的意思,我们可以说 share sth(分享一件东西),也可以说:share happiness(分享快乐),即, 跟他人有同样的感情。所以,本题应选:grief = sadness, share grief(同 其他人一样感到伤心,难过)。 注意:本题还可以设置的考点有:hurried, share.3. But the majority(大多数) of Americans still cling to(坚持、拒绝 放弃) their right (权利)to ___2 A) make 制造、生产 C) destroy 毁坏 weapons(武器). B) own 拥有 D) trade 做生意、做买卖分析: 单纯从四个所给答案和 weapon 的关系来说, 够可以构成搭配, 但切记一定找注意文章的内容,他们的关系才是最重要的!尤其是 but, 尽管由于拥有枪支而发生这些令人伤心的事件, 但是大多数美国 但是35 人仍然不愿意放弃拥有 拥有武器的权利,所以应选择填 own.. 拥有 另外,本题还可以设置的考点有:majority, right.4.Strictly speaking (从严格意义上来说, the US is not the only country ) (唯一的国家) ___3 gun violence(枪支暴力) has destroyed(毁灭) lives(生命), families and communities(社区) in everyday circumstance(在每天的情况下). A) while B) which C) where D) that分析:从所给的四个选项来看,它们都是从句连词,因而关键要判断 出,横线后面是一个什么样的从句,横线前面的句子是说:美国不是 唯一的一个国家_____每天,枪支暴力已经毁灭了许多的生命、家庭 和社区。从他们的关系,可以看出,后面的句子是一个定语从句,修 饰 country, 而在后面的句子中,应该是 in the country, 所以,选择关 系副词 where = in which. 另外,有可能出现的考点:only, destroyed5. But the US is one of the4countries that(引导定语从句) seems(仿佛) unwilling (不情愿) and politically (从政治上讲) incapable of(不能够) doing anything serious(严肃的、认真的) to stop(阻止、 制止) it(代指前面的 gun violence). A) few 很少的,主要用来修饰可数名词 很少的, B) some 一些,可数、不可数均可修饰36 C) much 很多的,修饰不可数名词 D) little 几乎没有,修饰不可数名词 分析:首先,划线部分需要填一个可以修饰可数名词 countries 的词, 所以可以排除 C,D.开头的 but 表示语义的转折,所以应该填 few.意 思是说: 尽管美国每天都在发生枪支暴力事件, 但美国似乎是不情愿, 而且从政治上也无法采取严格措施来制止此类事件发生的少数不多 少数不多 的国家之一。 另外,有可能出现的考点:that, incapable, it.6. In countries like (像)Britain and Canada. the government adopted (采 (控制) soon after serious 纳、 采取) stricter 更加严格的) 5 control ( gun violence incidents(严重的枪支暴力事件). A) rifle 来福枪 C) bulle 子弹 B) knife 小刀 D) gun 枪支分析:由于前后文的关系,应选择 D,它也是本文的核心词,线索词。 gun control 就是枪支管理。7. US leaders(领导人), however, are held6by the gun lobby(枪支院外活动集团) and the electoral system(选举制度). A) prisoner 囚犯 B) hostage 人质 C) person 人 D) home 家分析: 本题是考察动词和名词打搭配关系, be held hostage 意思是: to 将某人扣为人质。整个句子是说:美国领导人受制于枪支院外活动集37 团和选举制度。8. The powerful(强有力的) National Rifle Association(国家来福枪 协会), the major supporter(支持者) of gun strong for any party to take on(对付). A) fire 火 C) rights 权利 B) attacks 攻击、袭击 D) violence 暴力 7 in the US, is too分析:在考虑这个空格时,大家别忘了本文在讨论“枪支拥有权”的 问题,因此直接选择填入 rights,即可。 (注意,任何时候别偏离文章 的主题! )9. Most Republicans(共和党人) oppose(反对 0gun controls anyway (无论如何) 这是一个承上启下的句子,所以不设置空格,但需要理解。10.8the years, the Democrats 民主党人) have found that they (can either campaign 参加。。活动 for gun control or win power 赢得权 。 利, not 9 ; they prefer(更喜欢) power. B) Since 自从,后接点时间A) Over 在。。期间,后接段时间 。期间 。 期间,C) Till 直到 both 两者都D) Until = till,后接点时间 B) either 两者当中任何一个38 C) each 每一个D) one 一个分析:将整个句子连载一起,意思应是:在这几年里,民主党人已经 发现他们要么参与活动执行枪支管制, 要么赢得权利, 不能两者同得, 而他们更喜欢权利。 8 空后面的 the years 是一个段时间概念,因此只能和 over 搭配,表 示:在这几年里。后面是说不能同时既执行枪支管制,又得到权利, 所以应选 both, 不是二者同时得到, 在这种情况下, 他们更喜欢权利。 本题有可能设计到的其他考点:either...or, prefer11. According to the US Bureau of Justice Statistics(美国司法统计局), firearm(= gun) incidents accounted million violent crimes in 2005. A) of B) off C) for D) out 10 nine percent of the 4.7分析:句子是说:根据美国司法统计局,在 2005 年全国发生的 470 万暴力犯罪事件中枪支暴力?90%。该空格应填“占据、占有” 。我 们知道 account 和 for 搭配表示“占据” ,所以,选择 C。 本题有可能设计到的其他考点:account12. So, although(尽管) opinion polls(民意调查) show most Americans want stricter gun laws, many don't want to give up(放弃) their arms they 11 to protect(保护) themselves.39 A) hide 藏 保留B) buy 买C) sell 买D) .keep分析:所给的四个动词中,只有 keep 是状态动词,本句应选择填状 态动词,13. Dave Hancock, a Virginia gun lover(枪支爱好者), is one example. 接下来,要举例了!14. In an interview(采访) he said. &If one professor in Virginia incident had been carrying 带着、 ( 拿着) a legal (合法的) weapon, they might have been able to A) control 控制 C) handle 处理 12 all this.& B) stop 制止 D) treat 对待、治疗分析:本句的 if 条件句,用了虚拟语气,表示一种没有成为现实的假 设。即,如果在弗吉尼亚事件中,有一位教授当时带着一支合法的枪 支的话,他们就有可能制止 制止这一切的发生。所以,根据语义,应该填 制止 入 stop, 另外有可能出现的考点:interview, legal.15. In his opinion(依他看), the massacre (大屠杀) is an argument (争 论) more for (更多的) people to carry, weapons, not fewer (更少的) .40 16. But at the root (根本、根基)of Americans' clinging to the right to bear arms is not just(不仅仅) a fear of crime(害怕犯罪), but(而 且) a mistrust(不信任) of 13 , commented (发表评论)UK's Guardian newspaper(英国卫报). A) government 政府 C) students 学生 B) guards 守卫 D) professors 教授分析:解出本题的关键就是 mistrust,意思是不信任,不相信。所以 应选 A.17. One Virginia resident(居民), who had a permit(许可证) to carry a concealed (被隐藏的)firearm, told the Guardian that it was American's responsibility(责任) to have a gun. A) many 许多的 C) every 每一个 B) few 几乎没有的 D) all 所有的 14分析: 本题的句意简单, 但在选择填空时需要注意名词的单复数形式, 横线后面是 American's ,是单数概念,所以应选 C,every American's responsibility(每个美国人的责任) 另外有可能出现的考点:who, permit, have.18. &Each person(该词,可以证明,前一个空是正确的!),” he said, “should not rely solely(仅仅) protection.”4115the government for A) onB) inC) atD) from分析:本题考点简单,rely 只能和 on 构成搭配关系,意思是:依赖 于,依靠于。。 。 最后一句是说:每个人都不仅仅依靠政府来保护大家。 (言外之意, 应拥有武器自己保护自己。 )做阅读判断题的方法: 做阅读判断题的方法: 阅读判断和阅读理解, 同样都需要阅读文章来选择答案或者是进 行判断。阅读判断,不同于阅读理解,除了将文章读完,找到题目对 应的答案所在句之外, 还需要将这个题目在原文中的句子和题目进行 比较,最终得出是正确还是错误。其中,A 答案是正确,B 答案是错 误,而难点在于除了正确和错误之外,多了一个 C,未提及。 请注意:对于考生而言,职称英语考试的时间非常紧张,阅读判 断题型不适合先阅读文章后做题,而应当先阅读题目后看文章,这样 便于节省时间。在阅读时注意顺序性,即题目的顺序和原文的顺序基 本一致。一般而言,第一题的答案应在文章的前部,第二题的答案应 在第一题的答案之后。总的来说,靠前边的题在靠前边的段落寻找答 案;反之亦然。这个规律也有助于同学们确定答案的位置。“没提到的出题形式”: 没提到的出题形式” 1.问题句中的信息内容根本没有在文章中出现; 2.问题句中的部分信息内容(部分词语或结构) 在文章中出现了, 但42 根据文章中涉及到这些词语的句子无法判断问题句的说法是“正确” 还是“错误”, 则只能判断该问题句为“没提到”。 我们一般建议各位考生:在没有时间答题的情况下全选“正确” 或 , 全选“错误”得 2-4 分; The Need to Remember 1. Some people say they have no memory at all: just can’t remember a “I thing!”But of course we all have a memory. memory tells us who we Our are.Our memory helps US to make use in the present of what we have learnt in the past. 2. In fact we have different types of memory.For example,our visual memory helps us recall facts and places. Some people have such a strong visual memory that they can remember exactly what they have seen,for example,pages of a book,as a complete picture. 3. Our verbal(言语的)memory helps us remember words and figures we may have heard but not seen or written:items of a shopping list,a chemical formula,dates,or a recipe. 4. With our emotional(情感的)memory, we recall situations or places where we had; strong feelings, perhaps of happiness or unhappiness. We also have special memories for smell,taste,touch and sound,and for performing physical movements. 5. We have two ways of storing any of these memories.Our short-term memory stores items for up to thirty seconds-enough to remember a43 telephone number while we dial. Our long-term memory,on the other hand,may store items for a lifetime.Older people in fact have a much biter long-term memory than short-term.They may forget what they have done only a few hours ago,but have the clearest remembrance(记 忆)of when they were very young. 6. Psychologists tell us that we only remember a few facts about our past,and that we invent the rest.It is as though we remember only the outline of a story.We then make up the details.We 0ften do this in the way we want to remember them,usually SO that we appear as the heroes of our own past,or maybe victims needing sympathy(同情). 1 6. Visual memory helps us recall a place we have been to. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned17. Visual memory may be used when we read a story A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned1 8. Verbal memory helps us read words we have never heard A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned1 9. Emotional memory is used when we perform physical movements A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned20. Animals do not have a long-term memory A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned21. Long―term memory is more important than short-term memory. A. Right B. Wrong44C. Not mentioned 22. Generally we remember only a few facts about the past. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned通过题目了解文章大意: 通过题目了解文章大意:The Need(需要,名词) to Remember(记 住、记忆, 动词不定式做定语,修饰 The Need) ,所以通过该题目我 们可以得知,短文内容有两层:一:谈记忆; 二:为什么记忆重要。 带着对主题的理解,在做阅读判断时就不会迷失方向。1 6. Visual(视觉的、视力的) memory(记忆、记忆力,名词) helps US recall(回忆) a place we have been to(我们曾经去过的一个地方). A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned分析: 找到关键词: visual memory, 在第二段中找到相关句子的表述: our visual memory(题目中的核心词) helps us recall(回忆) facts (事实) and places(地点) . 通过上述内容的表述,我们知道:人的视觉记忆能够帮助我们回忆起 一些事实和地点。所以,题目的意思和文中的意思相吻合,判断为正 确。17. Visual memory may be used (能够被使用)when we read a story。 A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned分析:这句话仍然是在说视觉记忆,所以还应该在刚才的段落里找相 关的句子加以判断:Some people have such a strong(强大的) visual45 memory that they can remember 记住 exactly 准确地 what they have seen,for example,pages of a book,as (作为)a complete (完整 的)picture(图画) . 意思是: 有些人有如此强大的视觉记忆以至于他们能够准确地记住他 们所看见的东西(过目不忘!,如:能够将所看过的书形成一幅完整 ) 的图画。 这就说明当我们阅读书籍时人们的视觉记忆的确很重要, 能够被人们 加以利用,所以,判断答案是正确的。1 8. Verbal(言语的、语言的) memory helps us read(读) words(词) we have never(从不) heard(听到) 。 A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned分析:核心词是:Verbal memory,带着它在文中找到相应的句子: Our verbal(言语的)memory helps us remember words and figures(体 形、人影、数字) we may have heard but not seen or written:items (物品) of a shopping list (购物单) a chemical formula , (化学公式) , dates 日期,or a recipe 药方. 该段文字是说: 我们的言语记忆能帮助我们记住我们可能听到的但是 没有看见或写过的词和数字,如:一张购物单里所列出的商品,一个 化学公式,日期或者一个药方。而题目的内容则是说:语言记忆能帮 我们读我们从没听到的词。显然,这与文章的含义是完全不同的,因 此答案是 wrong.46 19. Emotional 情感的) memory is used when we perform ( (做、 执行、 履行、表演) physical(身体的) movements(活动) 。 A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentionedWith(至于) our emotional(情感的)memory, we recall situations(情 景) or places where we had;strong feelings(强烈的感情) ,perhaps of happiness(开心) or unhappiness(不开心) .We also have special (特殊的) memories for smell,taste,touch and sound,and for performing physical movements.20. Animals

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