The languageas spokenn in these places 怎么有2个动词?

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高中英语常见动词用法及语法知识点
高中英语常见动词用法及语法知识点,高中英语常见动词用法及语法知识点网站简介信息
1. 动词 advise 与 suggest 的异同
advise 有&劝告&、&建议&之意。但 suggest 除有 advise 之意外,还有&暗示&、&使人想起&、&提出&之意。例如:
The thought of winter suggests skating.(不能换成 advise)
想到冬天人们会联想起滑冰。
(1) advice 接复合宾语构成 advise sb. to do,但 suggest 不能。
I advise you not to eat fruit that isn&t ripe in future.
我建议你今后不再吃生水果。
(2) advise 和 suggest 都只能接 ing 分词作宾语,不可接不定式作宾语。例如:
He suggested(= advised) having a meeting on Saturday.
他建议星期六开一场会。
(3) 表示建议时 advise 和 suggest 均接虚拟语气从句。例如:
He advised/suggested that we (should) have a meeting on Saturday.
但是 suggest 表示&暗示&、&意思是&、&提出&等意时,后接陈述语气的从句,而 advise则不能。例如:
His smile suggested that he was pleased to take the job.
他的微笑说明了他乐意接受这份工作。
表示&劝说&、&说服&时,advise、try to persuade、persuade sb. to do 和 persuade sb. into doing 依次愈来愈强调结果。
1.10.2. 有关 agree 的用法
1. agree to
(1) to 为介词。agree to 表示&应许&、&同意&。指同意某一看法、计划、安排、建议等。例如:
I cannot agree to the terms of this contract.
我不赞同合同里的条款。
(2) to 为动词不定式的符号。agree to 表示&同意做&、&答应做&,后接动词原形。例如:
I&m sorry to say I don&t agree to cooperate with you.
很遗憾,恐怕我不能同意与你合作。
agree to do 可以转化为 agree 加宾语从句。例如:
I agreed to leave at once. = I agreed that I would leave at once.
2. agree with
(1) with 后接指人的名词或代词作宾语,表示&同意&。例如:
They could not agree with one another, because each believed that he knew just what the beast looked like.
他们互不同意,因为每个人都相信自己知道的正是那头兽的样子。
(2) with 后接&某人所说的话&,表示&同意&。例如:
He didn&t agree with what I said. 他不同意我所说的。
此时 agree with = agree to。例如:
I agree to what you say. 我同意你所讲的话。
(3) 构成 A agree with B 的句式,表示&对&&适合&、&与&&一致&、&与&&协调&。例如:
Its ideas did not agree with what was written in the Bible.
它(指《物种起源》)的观点与《圣经》上写的不相符。
3. agree on/upon 指双方或多方就某事取得一致意见。例如:
Wallace and Darwin agreed on the way in which different forms of life had begun.
华莱士和达尔文对不同类型的生物是如何起源的持相同的观点。
指双方或多方就某一具体内容一致时,还可用agree about.
They disagreed about some of the views in the book.
他们对书中的某些观点意见不一致。
1.10.3. bring,take,fetch,carry 的区别
1. bring 表示向说话人的方向运动,意思是&拿来&、&带来&、&取来&。例如:
I have brought my umbrella with me today.
当说话人和听话人在不同地点时,bring 所指的运动方向,既可朝向说话人,又可朝向听话人,甚至是将去的地方或曾经去过的地方。例如:
Come to the theatre with us tonight, and bring Mary.
今晚和我们一起去看戏,把玛丽也带上。
2. take 表示向其他方向运动或离开说话人,意思是&带走&、&拿去&。例如:
She took 50 dollars to the supermarket and brought home a lot of groceries. 她从家里带去了 50 美元,从超级市场购来许多食品。
3. fetch 和 get 可以互换使用,指去某地取东西返回出发地点,表示&去带来&、&去取来&、&去拿来&。get 比 fetch 更常用。例如:
He is seriously ill. We must fetch a doctor at once.
4. carry 表示&随身携带&人或物,并不说明固定的方向。例如:
He is very strong. He can carry such a heavy box up.
他非常壮,他能将一个极重的箱子扛起来。
1.10.4. 有关 catch 的用法
1. 作&抓住&解。例如:
They caught an enemy soldier alive.
他们活捉了一个敌兵。
注意:表&抓住某部位&多用 catch sb. by the +部位。例如:
I caught him by the arm.
2. catch on(钩住、绊住)。例如:
My sleeve caught on a nail. = My sleeve got caught on a nail.
我的衣袖被钉子挂往了。
3. catch in/by(阻隔),常用于被动语态中。例如:
I was caught in the heavy rain.
我被阻在雨中。
4. 作&感染(病)&解。例如:
He has caught a cold/a fever.
他感冒了/他发烧了。
5. 作&着(火)&解。例如:
The house caught fire.
6. 作&(偶然/突然)撞见、发觉&解,多接 ing 分词,作宾语补足语或主语补足语。例如:
Don&t let me catch you at it again.
别让我再撞见你干这种事。
The policeman caught Soapy stealing the money from the old lady.
那个警察撞见了苏比在偷那位老太太的钱。
7. 作&赶上&解。例如:
与 miss 对立。如:catch the train.
catch up with him = catch him up。
1.10.5. 表示&导致&、&引起&的词
cause 常接带 to 不定式作宾语补足语。例如:
What causes an apple to fall to the ground?
使苹果落地的原因何在?
2. lead to
He began the research and studies which led to his new discoveries in physics. 他开始研究,这些研究使他在物理方面有了新发现。
3. bring about
Electricity can bring about chemical change.
电可以引起化学变化。
4. result in
His carelessness resulted in a serious accident.
他的粗枝大叶导致了一场重大事故。
5. set off
If you can set him off on his pet subject, he will go on for hours.
如果你能引他谈起他最得意的话题,他会一口气扯上几个钟头。
1.10.6. 有关 come 的短语
1. come after 继;跟着&&来;来找;为追求&&而来,来取。例如:
July comes after June.
六月以后是七月。
I came after the axe.
我来找斧子。
2. come along(= come on) 一起走;进展;快点。例如:
Come along with us, if you like.
如果你喜欢就跟我们来。
How are you coming along with your preparation for the examination?
你考试的准备做得怎样了?
Come along, it&s nearly twelve o&clock.
赶快,快十二点了。
3. come at 到达,袭击。例如:
He came at me like a tiger.
他像老虎一般地向我冲过来。
4. come by 获得;打旁边过去
5. come down 下来;下跌;减少;流传下来;败落;生(病)
6. come into 进入;参加;赞同;得到;继承。例如:
The tree has come into blossom.
树已开花。
7. come to 结果是;总计&&,达;苏醒;复原。例如:
It comes to the same thing.
结果是一样的。
The amounts you have spent will come to a large sum.
你所花去的钱将是一个大数目。
He has come to himself.
他已经苏醒过来了。
8. come in 进来;有用;流行起来。例如:
The present style of dress came in about three years ago.
目前时兴的这种服装样式是大约三年前开始的。
9. come out 出来;(花)开;出版。如:
I think the roses will come out next week.
我想这些玫瑰下个星期就会开花。
10. come up 走过来;走近;发芽;长出。例如:
The seeds I sowed last week haven&t come up yet.
我上星期播下的种子还没有发芽呢!
11. come on/upon = come across(偶然)遇见
1.10.7. 有关&看待&的几种常见表达法
1. consider& (as)& 认为&&是。例如:
Most people considered him a fool.
多数人认为他是傻瓜。
2. treat& as& 将&&当作&&来看待。例如:
They should not be treated only as amusements.
不能把它们单纯看成是娱乐。
3. regard&as& 把&&看成&&。例如:
Today, Abraham Lincoln is regarded as one of the greatest of all American presidents.
今天,亚伯拉罕&林肯仍被认为是美国历史上最伟大的总统之一。
4. look on/upon& as& 把&&看成&&。例如:
They looked upon him as a leader.
他们视他为领导。
5. think of& as& 把&&认为是&&。例如:
The general thought of himself as a common soldier.
那位将军把他自己看成一普通士兵。
6. take& as认为。例如:
We took the problem as settled.
我们认为问题已经解决了。
7. see& as 把&&看作&&。例如:
I simply can&t see him as a cheat.
我实在不能想象他可能是个骗子。
类似表示&看待&的搭配还有:
refer to& as 把&&称为&&;accept& as 接受&&为&&
use&as 把&&用作&&;look up to sb. as 把某人尊为&&
remember& as 把&&作为&&怀念;count& as 认为
1.10.8. 表示&处理&的几种表达法
1. do with:其中 do 是及物动词。例如:
In some places, people do little with the smoke.
在一些地方人们几乎没怎么处理那些烟尘。
上句就 little 提问则有:What do people do with the smoke in some places? 所以,实际上表示&处理&的是 do sth. with。
2. deal with 表&处理&时,deal 为不及物动词。deal with 还可表示&对付;交往;谈论;交易&。例如:
He has dealt with the problem well.
他已经把这个问题处理好了。
上句就 well 提问则有:How has he dealt with the problem? 他是怎样处理问题的?
3. settle 表示&处理&,有&最后的决定或裁决&之意。
The question/problem is finally settled.
问题最终解决了。
4. treat 表示&处理&主要指医生的&治疗&。例如:
Which doctor is treating your disease?
哪位大夫给你治病?
5. manage 表示&处理&具体事情。有&对付&和&设法做好&之意。例如:
She manages the money very well.
她将钱用得很妥当。
1.10.9. 动词 do 的几种特殊用法
1. 用于强调。例如:
Do tell me all about yourself.
请把您的一切告诉我吧。
2. 用作代动词。例如:
He writes better than I do.(代替 write。)
& Did you see him?
& Yes, I did.(代替 saw)
注意:do 不代替被动语态、进行体和 ing 分词形式的动词。
Their papers are kept as carefully as ours are kept.
和我们一样,他们的文件也收藏得很好。
3. 表达特殊的意义。
(1) 用作不及物动词,表示&做,行动&。例如:
It&s time to be doing.
(2) 用于进行体中,表示&发生&,多用在口语中。例如:
What&s doing over there?
那边发生了什么事情?
(3) 用作不及物动词,表&行了,足够&的意思。例如:
That will do.
行了,够了。
Such carelessness will never do.
这样粗枝大叶是行不通的。
4. 用在招呼语中(初次见面或被介绍见某人时)。例如:
How do you do?
5. 作助动词,用来构成倒装句,疑问句,否定句等。例如:
Seldom did I meet him.(倒装)
Do you have English lessons every day?(疑问句)
We don&t believe him.(否定句)
6. do some cleaning/cooking/reading/shopping/washing/writing 等。
7. 含 do 的短语:
do up 整理,梳理
do right 做得对
do away with 取消,废除
do with 利用,处理
do for 适合&&之用,照料
do sb. wrong 冤枉某人
do well to do 以&&为好
do well in 干得好
do sb. good 善待某人,有好处
do without 没有&&也行,缺乏
1.10.10. &从事某种活动&的表达
1. 用动词 go 表示&去做某事&,&从事某种活动&。
(1) go+ing分词(常为不及物动词的 ing 分词)。如:go cycling/riding/shopping/
hunting/skating/climbing/swimming/walking/fishing/hiking(旅行)/drinking/
bathing/skiing/sailing 等。
(2) go for a(n)+n.。如:go for a swim/walk/ride/stroll/row/drive/picnic/bath/an interview 等。
其中:go 有时也用 come 替换,两者表示动作的方向不同。
(3) 强调目的时,用 go to do。如:go to swim/bathe/shoot/hunt 等。此时 go 后边的不定式多表一个具体动作。go 后紧跟着及物动词短语时,要用不定式形式表目的。如:go to see a doctor/to buy some fruit/to ask the priest for advice/to find her purse等。
这些搭配可转化为 go and do sth. 例如:
Go and see a doctor.
去看医生吧!
(4) go on+n.表示&去旅行&之类的意义。如:go on a picnic/journey/trip/voyage/
excursion/visit 等。
(5) go to + n.。如:go to work/rest 等。
2. 用动词 do 表示做家务、琐碎的事情,后接不及物动词的 ing 形式。如:do some reading/writing/washing/cleaning/sewing 等。其限定词 some 有时可用the,my,much,a lot of 等替换。这类搭配表示一个持续时间不长的动作或随便的事情。
3. 动词 take 也可以表示一个持续时间不长的动作,其结构是 take a(n) +一个由动词转化来的名词。如:take a look/rest/dislike/interest/hint/walk/bath/breath 等。
4.表示某种随意性活动还可用have a+n.。如:have a(n) talk/walk/look/rest/drink/
wash/swim/break/chat/read/quarrel/interview/run/smoke/fight/bath/dream/love/
discussion 等。
5. 用动词 get a + n. 表示某一随意动作。如:get a blow/kick/look/reply/rest 等。get 在这种结构中多有&得到&之意。
1.10.11. 表示&容纳&的几种方式
The car will sit six people.
这汽车可坐 6 人。
This is a great hall that seats over 10000 persons.
这是一个可坐 10000 多人的大会堂。
This airliner is seated for 40.
这架班机设有 40 个座位。
This theatre can hold a thousand people.
这座剧院可坐 1000 人。
4. contain
The hall can contain two hundred people.
厅里可容纳 200 人。
1.10.12. stick to,insist on 和 keep on 的辨析
1. stick to 表示&坚持&&不变&,常接idea,plan,promise,opinion,thought
等作宾语。例如:
Einstein stuck to his theory.
爱因斯坦坚持他的理论。
2. insist on 表示&坚持要求&、&坚持声明&,例如:
Jane insisted on my going there.
简坚持要我去那里。
I insisted on her innocence.
我强调她是无罪的。
3. keep on 表示&坚持&后面接 ing 分词作宾语或接 with + n. 或代词宾格,强调某一行为或动作不停止。例如:
Karl Marx kept on studying English.
马克思坚持学英语。
1.10.13. 有关 keep 的短语
1. keep back 阻止,挡住,留下,留住不付,扣下。例如:
In vain I tried to keep back my tears.
我怎么也忍不住我的眼泪。
I kept a few books back and gave him the rest.
这些书我自己留下几本,其余的都给了他。
The employer kept back twenty pence a week from our wages.
雇主每周把我们的工资扣下了 20 便士。
2. keep on(doing sth.) 继续,坚持下去。例如:
He kept on blowing his nose.
他不断地擤鼻子。
另有keep on +衣物表示&穿着(戴着)&&不脱&。例如:
Keep on your coat if you feel cold.
你若觉得冷就别脱大衣。
3. keep& out of 使&&不进入&&;(使)置身于&&外。例如:
There is a lot of air in loose snow, and this helps to keep the cold out.
松散的雪里有大量的空气,这有助于御寒。
You&d better keep out of their quarrel.
你还是别介入他们的争吵为好。
4. keep off(= keep away from)让开,不接近。例如:
Keep off the grass.
请勿踩草坪!
5. keep up 坚持;使&&不低落;撑住;继续。例如:
Keep up your courage.
鼓起你的勇气。
Keep up your German, else it will soon grow rusty.
要坚持学习德语,否则你的德语水平会下降的。
These props will keep up the house.
这些支柱可以把屋子撑住。
6. keep up with 跟上。例如:
We must keep up with times.
我们必须跟上时代。
另外,值得注意的含 keep 的短语还有:keep in 阻止&&出来;控制;抑制。
keep on with(后接名词)继续,keep one&s promise/words信守诺言。
1.10.14. look,seem,appear 的辨析
1. look,seem,appear 三个词都可表示&好像&,而且往往可以互换。但是,look 强调根据外部表象作出的判断。seem 强调说话人的主观判断。appear 表示根据外部表象作出判断时,等于 look,但appear 有时说明外部表象是一种假象。例如:
He seems rich.(意思是:I think he is rich.)
He looks rich.(譬如,从他花钱办事可以看出他很富有。)
He has a small salary, but he appears rich.(他在充富)
2. seem 和 appear 后接 adj. 或 n. 作表语时,动词后可加 to be,而 look 不能。例如:
He appears to be very angry today.
他今天看上去非常生气。
She seemed to be a stranger now.
她现在看起来很怪。
3. seem 和 appear 可接其他的动词不定式作宾语,而 look 不能。
He appears to want to leave.
他似乎想离开。
4. seem 和 look 均可接 like + 名词或 ing 分词。但 appear 很少用在这种结构中。
He looks like winning.
看起来他好像会赢。
5. seem、look 均可接 as if +从句。
用陈述语气
It looks as if it&s going to rain.(根据气象推断有雨。)
(2) 用虚拟语气
He seemed as if he had been to Egypt.
6. seem,appear 可用在 it 作主语的句式中,而 look 不能。例如:
It appeared that the little girl would probably never walk.
看来那个小女孩可能永远不能行走。
7. appear,seem,look 作系动词时,常常只用一般现在时或一般过去时。一般不用进行体和完成体。例如:
She seems to have been a musician.
(现在看来)她似乎曾经是一个音乐家。
1.10.15. live 与 stay 的用法
(1) live on 以&&为生,继续活着。例如:
What do sheep live on?
羊是吃什么的?
Darwin lived on until 1882.
达尔文活到了1882年。
(2) live through 经历过。例如:
He has lived through three great wars.
他身经了三大战争。
live under 在&&统治之下
live by = make a living by = earn a living by 意思是&靠&&为生&。例如:
Many people earn their living by writing music.
许多人以音乐创作为生。
live a& life 过着&&的生活。
(1) stay 用作不及物动词,表示&停留&、&呆&。例如:
I&m in a hurry, I&ve no time to stay.
我很忙没时间待了。
Stay where you are.
(2) stay 用作连系动词,表示&保持(原样)&。例如:
Sometimes the language spoken in these places stayed the same.
有时,在这些地方所说的英语保持着原样。
(3) stay up 不睡觉。其中 stay 有&坚持&之意。
(4) stay home = stay at home 呆在家里
(5) stay away 不来;不露面;不在家。
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科目 英语年级 高一文件 high1 unit3.doc标题 American English(美式英语)章节 第三单元关键词 内容高中英语 第一册Unit 3一、【目地与要求】 掌握本单元出现的单词和词组pronounce , medicine , British , however , European , reason , explain , have some difficulty in doing……, ask…for , and so on , more or less , change…into…, come about , bring in , a great many ,等等……。二、【日常交际用语】 Would you please say that again more slowly ? How do you pronounce/spell… ? I’m sorry I know only a little English . I have some difficulty in doing sth . I’m sorry I don’t quite follow you . What does this word mean ?三、【知识重点与难点分析】 1.I have some difficulty in pronouncing some of the words in English . 在某些英语单词的发音上我有些困难。 have some difficulty (in) doing sth 这是一个很常见的句型。意思是“在做某事方面有困难”。 其中介词in常可省略。在此句型中difficulty是用作不可数名词,所以前面不能加不定冠词“a”,也不能改为复数形式。但difficulty前可加any , no等词,例如: Do you have any difficulty in translating this sentence into English ? 你把这句子翻译成英语有困难吗? WE HAD NO DIFFICULTY IN FINDING HIS HOUSE YESTERDAY EVENING . (=WE DIDN’T HAVE ANY DIFFICULTY……) 昨晚,我们毫不费劲地就找到了他的家。 2.When do you take your near exams ? 你们下一次考试是什么时候? 注意本句中用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作。本句相当于:When will you take your next exams ? 此句用法只限于将来的事件是“列入日程”的,也就是说,是按计划或时刻表将要发生的事,则可以用一般现在时来表示将来。 例如: When does the winter vocation begin ? 寒假什么时候开始? What time does the train leave for Shanghai ? 开往上海的列车几点开车? The plane takes off at ten A.M. 飞机上午十点起飞。 3.Pardon ? Would you please say that again more slowly ? 对不起,请慢点再说一遍好吗? Pardon ? =Beg pardon ? =I beg your pardon? 是“对不起,请原谅”的意思。这里当没听清楚或没听懂对方话时,希望对方重复一遍的礼貌用语。意思是“I didn’t hear/understand what you said”同下句“I’m sorry , I don’t quite follow you .”一样,也是希望对方重说一遍的用语。 4.Written English is more or less the same in both Britain and America , though there are some spelling differences . 在英国和美国,书面英语大体上是相同的,尽管在拼法上有些差异。 more or less 作“或多或少”、“大约”、“差不多”、“几乎”解。 例如: This work is more or less finished . 这件工作大体上已经完成了。 I’ve more or less finished reading the book . 我差不多已经把这本书看完了。 It took more or less a whole day to paint the ceiling . 粉刷天花板用了大约一整天的时间。 I think it’s more or less a crime . 我认为这或多或少是一种犯罪行为。 5.How did these differences come about ? 这些差异是如何产生的呢? come about意思是“发生”,“造成”。与happen , take place意思相近。 How did this accident come about ? 这个事故是怎么发生的? Nobody knows how the change came about ? 没人知道这种变化是怎样发生的? Can you tell me when it came about ? 你能告诉我这是何时发生的吗? 6.At first ,the language stayed the same as the language used in Britain ,but slowly the language began to change from one part of the world to another. 起初,这种语言同在英国使用的语言仍然相同,但是,慢慢地它开始在一个又一个地区发生变化。 1)句中的stay是连系动词,作“保持(某种状态)”解。相当于remain , keep的意思。通常后边跟形容词作表语。 例如: This restaurant stays open till twelve o’clock . 这家餐馆一直营业到12点。 The temperature has stayed high this week . 这个星期气温一直都很高。 2)the same as/the same…as 是“和…一样”的意思。 例如: Your bike is the same as mine . 你的自行车和我的自行车是一样的。 I have the same trouble as you(have). 我和你有同样的困难。 I feel just the same as you do . 我和你们的感觉是一样的。 Jenny looks the same as before . 珍妮看上去同过去一样。 Mary is about the same age as your mother . Mary大约是和你母亲同岁。 7.Sometimes , the English spoken in America or Canada or A but sometimes the language spoken in these places stayed the same , while the language in England changed. 有的时候,美国,加拿大或澳大利亚所说的英语发生了变化;但有的时候,这些地方所说的英语保持不变,而英国说的英语发生了变化。 1)在句中“spoken in America or Canada or Australia”和“the language”,其作用相当于定语从句。 如:Sometimes , the English which was spoken in America or Canada or A but sometimes the language (Which was spoken)in England changed . 2.which在句中是并列连词,表示两种情况的对照,对比或相反的情况,意思是“进而”、“而”、“却”。 例如: He is tall while his elder brother is short . 他个子高而他的哥哥个子却矮。 English is understood all over the world while turkish is spoken by only a few people outside turkey itself . 英语世界通行,而土耳其语离开本国就很少有人说了。 8.But Americans still talk about “fall” just as people do in some parts of western England . 但是,美国人还是说“fall”,就像英格兰有些地区的人说“fall”一样。 1)本句中的助动词do与下句“In the same way Americans use the expression”I guess “(meaning “I think ”) just as the British did 300 years ago .”中的did的用法是相同的。它们分别代替上文中出现过的谓语动词“talk”和“use”,以避免不必要的重复。 2)just as , as是连词,引导一个表示方式的状语从句,意思是“正如”,“恰似”,“按照”。 例如: Please do as I’ve told you . 请按我说的去做。 I have changed it as you suggest . 我已按照你的建议作了修改。 She loves singing and dancing , just as her mother does . 正如她母亲一样,她也喜欢唱歌跳舞。 Please leave everything just as you find it . 请让一切都保持原状吧。 9.a great many + 名词/of代词,这里一个固定搭配用法,作“许多”,“非常多”解(=a large number of ). many在句中可用作形容词,也可用作代词。 例如: A great many workers went on stride last week . 上周许多工人举行了罢工。 Now a great many of them are out of work . 现在他们当中许多人都失业了。 10.There are several reasons for this . 这种情况的原因有几个。 1)the/ one’s reason for sth or doing sth是一个固定搭配的用法,作“…的原因、理由”解,the reason后不能用of。 the reason why +从句,意思也是“…的原因”。在口语中也可以用the reason that . 例如: Give me your reasons for doing it . 告诉我你做那件事的理由。 What is the reason for your hurry ? 你为什么这么匆忙? This is the reason why he didn’t pass the examination . 这就是他考试不及格的原因。 The reason that he didn’t pass the exam was that he didn’t work hard enough . 他考试不及格的原因是学习不够努力。 3)reason与cause的区别。 reason与cause作名词时都有“原因”和“理由”的意思。reason通常指产生某种行为 或想法的推理上的理由,而cause通常指导致某一事件发生的起因。reason常和for连用,而cause常和of连用。 例如: Please give me your reason for absence . 请你把缺席的理由告诉我。 The cause of the fire is still unknown . 这场大火的起因还不知道呢。 11.…they also brought in some words from their own languages . …他们也把自己语言中的一些词汇带到英国中来了。 bring in是动词词组。意思是“带进来”,“请进来”,“赚得”,“带来收入”。 例如: We’ll bring in a professor to give us a lecture on the difference between American English and British English. 我们准备请一位教授来给我们讲一讲美国英语和英国英语的差异。 Don’t bring Peter in .He will do nothing to help us . 不要请Peter来,他不会帮我们什么忙的。 His orchards bring(him)in $2000 a year . 他的果园每年可赚二千美元。 He does odd jobs that bring him in ten to twelve pounds a week . 他做零工每月可赚十至十二英镑。 12.I have some difficulties with pronunciation . 我在发音方面有些困难。 在这句中difficulty是可数名词,意思是“sth difficult to do or understand =难事,难做的 事或难懂的事。” 例如: She met with many difficulties when she was traveling in Japan . 她在日本旅行时遇到了许多伤脑筋的事。 I want to marry her , but my parents are making difficulties . 我想同她结婚,但我父母却从中阻挠。 13.I don’t have any more tapes . 我再也没有磁带了。 not…any more/no more 意思是“不再”,“再也不”。 例如: She said that she wouldn’t go there any more .(=she said she would go there no more .) 她说她再也不会到那儿去了。 We couldn’t stand it any more . 我们再也忍受不了了。 I don’t want to see him any more . 我再也不想见到他了。 14.I practised writing them for homework . 我在作业&中练习写这些(汉字)。 practise sth or doing sth 练习做某事。注意practise后要跟名词或动名词,不能跟不定 式。 例如: They are practising speaking English with some foreigners now . 现在,他们正在同外国人练习说英语呢。 He practises running every morning . 他每天早晨都练习跑步。四、【背景知识】 英国英语和美国英语之间的区别主要有以下几个方面: 1)在词汇方面的区别: gas/gasoline(美)──petrol(英); baggage(美)──luggage(英); package(美)──parcel(英); mail(美)──post(英); movie(美)──film(英); subway(美)──underground(英); stairway(美)──staircase(英); soccer(美)──football(英)等。 2)在拼写方面的区别: check(美)──cheque(英); jail(美)──gaol(英); tire(美)──tyre(英); 美国英语一般用―or词尾,英国英语用―our词尾: color──colour; favor──favour; labor──labour等。 美国英语用―er词尾,英国英语用―re词尾: center──centre; meter──metre; theater──theatre等。 美国英语不双写辅音字母l,英国英语要双定辅音字母l: marveled──marvelled; quarreler──quarreller; traveling──travelling等。 3)在读音方面的区别: again[′gein](美)──[′gen](英);clerk[kl:k](美)──[kla:k]; laboratory[′lebrtri](美)──[l′brtri](英); 此外,像dance , class , fast , half , past这些词中的元音字母a ,美国英语读作[ e ],英国英语读作[ a :],如[dens](美)──[da :ns](英);[kl es](美)──[kla :s](英);[f est](美)──[fa:st](英)等。 4)语法方面的区别: 在表示汉语“有”的概念时,美国英语多用动词have,英国英语多用动词完成式have got。 例如:I have a new car.(美)──I have got a new car.(英)。又如,美国英语说I insisted that everything be ready by six o’clock that evening,而在当前标准英国英语里,这类虚拟语气形式是“should”+动词原形,也就是:I insisted that everything should be ready by six o’clock that evening . 尽管美国英语和英国英语有着上述的一些区别,但这些区别并不影响相互之间的交际。
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