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＞＞＞阅读理解。 What is the nature of the scientific attitude, th..
阅读理解。
&&&& What is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicine or any other science?&&&& We all know that science plays an important role in our societies. However, many people believe that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. The first aspect is the application of the machines, products and systems of knowledge that scientists and technologists develop. The second is the application of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.&&&& What are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, it seems that a successful scientist is curious - he wants to find out how and why the universe works. He usually pays attention to problems which he notices have no satisfying explanation, and looks for relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected．Moreover, he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves.&&&& He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective and uses the facts he observes to the fullest. For example, trained observers obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum(光谱).&&&&&He does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available．He rejects authority as the only basis for truth．Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively.&&&& Furthermore, he does not readily accept his own idea, since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation.&&&& Lastly, he is full of imagination since he often has to look for relationships in data which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete．Furthermore, he needs imagination if he wants to guess how processes work and how events take place.&&&& These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and acts.
1. Many people believe that science helps society to progress through &&&&&&&&&&&& .
A. knowledge onlyB. more than one aspectC. technology only&&&&&& D. the use of machines
2. Which of the following statements about a curious scientist is TRUE?
A. He doesn't find confidence and pleasure in work.B. He is interested in problems that are explained.C. He makes efforts to investigate potential connections.D. He looks for new ways of acting.
3. According to the passage, a successful scientist would NOT &&&&&&&&&&&& .
A. easily believe in unchecked statements&&&&&& B. easily criticize others' research workC. always use his imagination in work&& D. always use evidence from observation
4. What is the author's attitude towards the topic?
A. Critical.&&&&&&&&B. Objective.&&&&&& C. Unclear.&&&&&&D. Prejudiced.
5. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Application of technology.&&&&B. Progress in modem society.C. Scientists' ways of thinking and acting.&&&&D. How to become a successful scientist.
题型：阅读理解难度：中档来源：江西省模拟题
1-5: BCABC
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据魔方格专家权威分析，试题“阅读理解。 What is the nature of the scientific attitude, th..”主要考查你对&&科教类阅读&&等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下：
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因为篇幅有限，只列出部分考点，详细请访问。
科教类阅读
科教类阅读的概念：
科教类阅读主要考查考生对书面语篇的整体领悟能力和接受及处理具体信息的能力。试题的取材，密切联系当前我国和世界经济、科技等方面的变化，有关数据的来源真实可信。科教类文章阅读技巧：
一、材料特点：这类文章的总体特点是：科技词汇多，句子结构复杂，理论性强，逻辑严谨。具体说来它有以下几个特点：　1、文章中词汇的意义比较单一、稳定、简明，不带感情色彩，具有单一性和准确性的特点。这类文章通常不会出现文学英语中采用的排比、比喻、夸张等修辞手法，一词多义的现象也不多见。　2、句子结构较复杂，语法分析较困难。为了描述一个客观事物，严密地表达自己的思想，作者经常会使用集多种语法现象于一体的长句。　3、常使用被动语态，尤其是一些惯用被动句式。二、命题特点：科普类阅读的主要命题形式有事实细节题、词义猜测题、推理判断题以及主旨概括题等，其中推理判断题居多。三、应对策略：1、要想做好科普英语阅读理解题，同学们就要注意平时多读科普知识类文章，学习科普知识，积累常见的科普词汇，从根本上提高科普英语的阅读能力。 2、要熟悉科普类文章的结构特点。科普类文章一般由标题(Head line)，导语(Introduction)，背景(Back ground)，主体(Main body)和结尾(End)五部分构成。标题是文章中心思想高度而又精辟的概括，但根据历年的高考情况来看，这类阅读理解材料一般不给标题，而要同学们选择标题。导语一般位于整篇文章的首段。背景交待一个事实的起因。主体则对导语概括的事实进行详细叙述，这一部分命题往往最多，因此，阅读时，同学们要把这部分作为重点。结尾往往也是中心思想的概括，并与导语相呼应，命题者常在此要设计一道推理判断题。　　3、在进行推理判断时，同学们一定要以阅读材料所提供的科学事实为依据，同时所得出的结论还应符合基本的科普常识。科普类阅读应试策略：
【命题趋势】阅读理解题主要考查考生对书面语篇的整体领悟能力和接受及处理具体信息的能力。试题的取材，密切联系当前我国和世界经济、科技等方面的变化，有关数据的来源真实可信。因此科普知识类文章是每年的必考题。分析历年的科普类文章我们不难发现以下特点： 1、文章逻辑性强，条理清楚，语法结构简单，用语通俗。 2、文章内容注重科技领域的新发现。内容新颖，从而使文章显得陌生，内容抽象复杂。 3、命题方面注意对具体细节的准确理解和以之为依据的推理判断。 4、以人们的日常行为或饮食健康入手，探讨利弊，诠释过程，阐述概念。【应试对策】许多考生在考试时感到困惑的是：为什么一些没有超越中学语法和词汇范围的篇章，读起来却不能正确理解，或者要花费很多时间才能读懂呢？这种现象的产生与阅读方法有很大的关系。例如，有的考生在考试时一见到文章就立刻开始读，结果读了半天，还不知道短文讲的是什么，试题要求了些什么，结果浪费了大量的时间，而阅读效果并不好。那么，怎样读效果才好呢？任何一种阅读方法或技巧的使用，都是由篇章特点和试题本身的要求决定的，应根据不同的体裁和试题要求采取不同的策略。 1、浏览。浏览的主要目的就是确定文章的体裁。如果文章属于人物传记、记叙文、故事、科普小品和有关社会文化、文史知识的文章，一般来说，应该先看看文章的试题考查内容，对题目类型做到心中有数，针对不同问题，在通读时有粗有细地去阅读，这样不仅能把握篇章的基本结构和逻辑线索，也能做好有关具体事实信息考查的试题。 2、挖掘寓意，掌握中心思想，推出结论。任何文章，作者在行文时都有一定的写作目的和主要话题。在通读篇章时应该吃透作者的写作意图，抓住文章的主题句，充分发挥自己的想象力和概括力，作出对中心思想的归纳和结论的推断。 3、把握篇章结构，利用上下文进行推测。高考中的阅读理解篇章往往是一个较完整的短文，其结构、思想，前后上下连贯统一。考试时应充分利用这一特点推测一些生词、短语在句中的含义，切莫盲目孤立猜测。 4、综观全篇，前后呼应。这是阅读理解的最后一步，在做完阅读理解题后，要立足于文章整体，再迅速读一遍短文，短文中的问题和答案的设置前后都是相关联的，有着一定的连续性，体现着文章的基本脉络。
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385464179707404831419754396425397156he is a man full of ____(主意）
he is a man full of ideas 他是个很有思想的人he is a man full of idea 他是个很有想法的人
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man是什么意思，词典释义与在线翻译：
成年男子，男人，男子汉，大丈夫
丈夫，情人
伙计，（男）雇员，部下，男仆，家臣
操纵，操作
使增强勇气，使鼓起勇气
给...配置兵员或人员（在船上），配备人员，为...配备人手，配备
使拿出丈夫气概
在...就位，在...岗位上工作
使振作，鼓舞，鼓励，使...振奋
abbr.(缩略词)
=Metropolitan Area Network【计】都会区域网路
[C]男人,成年男子 adult male human being
[C]人 human person
[S]人类 mankind
vt. 给…配备人员; 操纵 provide with men for operation
vt. 使振作 strengthen one's spirits or courage
提示：各行业词典APP中含有本词条的独家正版内容，在手机上可看到更多释义内容。
man&:&（Unix）联 ...
在&&中查看更多...
man&:&人 ...
在&&中查看更多...
man&:&人（类）,
在&&中查看更多...
man&:&士兵 ...
在&&中查看更多...
man&:&人（类）,
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an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman);
"there were two women and six men on the bus"
someone who serves a member
"two men stood sentry duty"
the generic use of the word to refe
"it was every man for himself"
any living or extinct member of the family Hominidae characterized by superior intelligence, articulate speech, and erect carriage
"the chief stationed two men outside the building"
"he awaited word from his man in Havana"
an adult male person who has a manly character (virile and courageous competent);
"the army will make a man of you"
a manservant who acts as a personal atten
"Jeeves was Bertie Wooster's man"
a male person who plays a significant role (husband or lover or boyfriend) in the life o
"she takes good care of her man"
one of the British Isles in the Irish Sea
game equipment consisting of an object used in playing
"he taught me to set up the men on the chess board"
"he sacrificed a piece to get a strategic advantage"
all of the living human inha
"all the world loves a lover"
"she always used `humankind' because `mankind' seemed to slight the women"
take cha occupy
"Mr. Smith manned the reception desk in the morning"
"We cannot man all the desks"
"Students were manning the booths"
man的用法和样例：
用作名词 (n.)
She married a man who put her on a pedestal.
她嫁给了一个对她十分崇拜的男人。
All men are born equal.
人生而平等。
He played the man in the time of great trouble.
他在极为困难的时候显示出男子汉的气概。
Have you met Jessica's new man?
你见过杰西卡的新男朋友吗？
A strong man will struggle with the storms of fate.
强者能同命运的风暴抗争。
The manager gave the men their instructions.
经理给雇员下达了指示。
用作动词 (v.)
They decided to man the lifeboat.
他们决定给救生船配备船员。
用作名词 (n.)
Ask the men to come in,but not the boys or women.
请男人们进来,不要请男孩或者女人们。
The actor in role of an old man wears false whiskers.
扮演老头的演员戴着假胡子。
This TV play is so interesting that men and women, boys and girls like to watch it.
这部电视剧非常有趣,男女老少都爱看。
Mike is a man of charm and cultivation.
迈克是一个既有魅力又有教养的男子。
He is a man of great culture.
他是一个有高度文化修养的人。
He is a man of great influence in this town.
他在这个镇上是很有影响力的人。
He is a man of many abilities.
他是个极有才能的人。
He is a man of very limited horizons.
他是一个见识有限的人。
All men must die.
所有人都不免一死。
Any man can see that.
任何人都能看到这一点。
Don't joke with a man in anger.
不要和动怒的人开玩笑。
It is an act of kindness to help a blind man.
帮助盲人是一种善意的行为。
A year ago this man assumed control of the company's finance.
一年以前,这个人控制了该公司的财权。
We became afraid of the angry aspect of the man.
我们害怕那人生气的样子。
Who is that man in a brown hat?
戴棕色帽子的那个人是谁?
The young man is full of new ideas.
那年轻人有一肚子新主意。
If you owe money to a man, he may attach part of your salary unless you pay him.
如果你欠某人的钱,他可以扣留你的部分薪金,除非你偿还他。
War can really bring out the brute in a man.
战争能真正把人的兽性显露出来。
Man and the monkey have many things in common.
人和猿有许多共同之处。
Man will conquer nature.
人类将征服自然。
Man must fight for his own existence.
人类必须为自己的生存奋斗。
Man's knowledge of things constantly develops.
人类的认识是不断发展的。
Man is fighting a battle against pollution.
人类正在开展一场反污染战。
The moon is our nearest neighbour in space and men have visited it already.
月球在宇宙中是我们最近的邻居,人类已在它上面留下过足迹。
Her old man is very healthy.
她老伴身体很好。
The woman has a young man.
那妇女有一个年轻的恋人。
Her man has been sent overseas by his employers.
她的丈夫已被雇主派往海外。
The manager gave the men his instructions.
经理给雇员下达了指示。
The officer is training the men.
那军官正在训练士兵。
There are four thousand present, officers and men.
在场的官兵共四千人。
Nonsense, man!
Use your knife, man!
用一下你的刀子,老兄!
Like master, like men.
有其主必有其仆,有其君必有其臣。
In fighting the sudden flood he was really a man.
在和突然爆发的洪水作斗争时,他真像个男子汉。
用作动词 (v.)
用作及物动词
S+～+ n./pron.
Man the guns!
They can man ten ships.
他们可给十只船配备人员。
The girls will man the telephone switchboard till we get back.
姑娘们将在电话总机上值机,直到我们回来。
The workers were assigned to man the production.
许多工人被派到生产线上进行操作。
Man yourself!
When the danger was imminent he told me to man myself.
危险迫近时他叫我振作起来。
用于be ～ed结构
The warship was manned by experienced officers.
舰艇配备了战斗经验丰富的军官。
The ship was manned by women.
这条船是由妇女驾驶的。
The tank was manned by a crew of four.
这种坦克由四个人操纵。
用作名词 (n.)
a man about town
经常出没娱乐场所的人,花花公子 man who spends much time at fashionable parties, clubs, theatres, etc.
He is a wild young man about town.
他是一个年轻浪荡的花花公子。
I should describe him as a man about town.
我该把他描绘成一个花花公子。
a man of straw
貌似有力的人物 person of apparent, but not real power
What he said in the talk showed he was a man of straw.
在会谈中他的话表明他毫无实权。
Some of these politicians are just men of straw.
这些政治家中有的人是没有实权的。
想象的敌手,很弱的对手 imaginary or very weak person presented as an opponent
He seems to be looking for a man of straw to belabor.
他看来在找一个假想的敌人来加以痛打。
as one man
一齐,一致 with everyone agreeing
The staff speak as one man on this issue.
在这个问题上全体职员意见一致。
They rose as one man and applauded to his speech.
他们全体起立为他的发言鼓掌。
They answered his question as one man.
他们齐声回答他的问题。
be man enough (to do sth)
有足够的勇气 be brave enough
You're not man enough to fight me!
你没有那个胆量跟我打!
be one's own man
能独立自主,能自主 be able to arrange and decide things independently
His expression hardened at the thought of working for somebody else, of no longer being his own man.
一想到他要为别人工作,不能当家作主,他的脸色立刻沉了下来。
be sb's man
正是所需要的人 be the person required or ideally suited for a task
If you need a driver,I'm your man.
你要是需要司机,我当最合适。
If you want a good music teacher, he's your man.
你们要是缺个好的音乐教师,他就是最理想的人选。
every man for himself (and the devil take the hindmost)
人各为己 everyone must look after his own interests, safety, etc.
In business, it's every man for himself.
在商言商,人各为己。
every man Jack
人人,每个人 every single person
Every man Jack of them ran off and left me!
他们一个个都跑了,把我撇下。
All the workers want a pay increase, every man Jack of them.
全体员工要求增加工资。
hit〔kick〕 a man when he's down
继续打击或伤害已失败的人,落井下石 continue to attack or injure sb who is already defeated
It's hitting a man when he's down to find fault with Joe over every tiny little mistake when he is almost off his head with worry over his wife's illness.
当乔为他的妻子生病而忧虑得几乎神经错乱时,还为了点小缺点去找他的岔子,这是乘人之危进行打击。
make a man (out) of
使某人长大成人 turn a young man into an adult
The army will make a man of him.
军队将把他锻炼成人。
This work will make a man of him.
这工作将使他成为男子汉。
man and boy
(指男子)从小到大 from boyhood onwards
He has worked for the firm, man and boy, for thirty years.
从小至今,他已为该商行干了30年。
man to man
诚恳地; 公开地 openly
Man to man,I think you should admit your mistakes.
坦诚地说,我认为你应该承认自己的错误。
If we don't agree to talk man to man the whole meeting will have been wasted.
如果我们不能开诚布公地交谈,那么整个会议就是浪费时间。
the man in the street
一般人,普通人 the average ordinary person of either sex
The man in the street is opposed to this idea .
老百姓反对这种想法。
The newspaper took a poll of the man in the street.
该报对群众进行了民意调查。
所有人,毫无例外 without exception
To a man, they answered “Yes”.
他们都一致回答“是”。
They obeyed him, to a man.
他们每一个人都服从。
The committee, to a man, adopted the proposal.
委员会全体一致采纳了这个建议。
to the last man
所有人,毫无例外 without exception
The Arab people will fight it out to the last man.
阿拉伯人要打到底,直到最后一人。
用作动词 (v.)
man with (v.+prep.)
给…提供服务人员或操作人员 supply sth with men, or sometimes, women for service or to operate sth
man sth with sb
Man the boat with a replacement crew.给船提供轮换船员。
They manned the ship with sailors.他们给那只船配备了水手。
The colonel manned the guns with soldiers from our regiment.上校从我们团抽掉士兵为那些大炮配备人员。
The management manned the ship with experienced hands.经理部门给这艘船配备了有经验的人手。
用作名词 (n.)
问一个〔男〕人
吸引〔诱惑〕一个〔男〕人
恳求一个〔男〕人做某事
对付一个〔男〕人
爱上一个男人
找到一个〔男〕人
迎合一个〔男〕人
得到一个〔男〕人
帮助一个〔男〕人
杀死一个〔男〕人
知道〔认识〕一个〔男〕人
轻视一个人,瞧不起一个〔男〕人
爱上一个男人
使某人成人,使某人成器
嫁给一个男人
选拔一个〔男〕人
使男人高兴
辨认出一个〔男〕人
把一个人派往
有能力的人
蓝眼睛的人
有能力的人
口是心非的人,耍两面派的人
热心肠的人
有教养的人
大块头的人
三心二意的人
双手坚硬有力的男人
思想迟钝的〔说话不流利的〕笨人
精力旺盛的人
喜爱安静的人
正在犯罪的人
白手起家的人
热心肠的人
高尚的人,要人
经常出没于游乐场所者,上流社会人士
适合此工作的人
欲望很少的人
有远大前途的人
非常有力气的人
有权势的人
体格强壮的人
有鉴赏力的人
善解人意的人
守信用的人
饱经世故的人
用作动词 (v.)
给十只船配备人员
(对炮手说)各就各位
在电话总机上值机
鼓起勇气,迎着危险上
给船提供轮换船员
给那只船配备水手
为大炮配备人员
There is in all men, both male and female, a desire and power of generation.
出自：D. Hume
For men may come and men may go, but I go on for ever.
出自：Tennyson
A man, in order to be a man, must know that he is one.
出自：J. Plamenatz
When the wind is in the east, 'tis neither good for man nor beast.
出自：Proverb
The ship of which I knew nothing, manned by men of whom I knew very little.
出自：J. Conrad
The greatest industrial enterprises..were manned principally by men who could speak no English.
出自：J. K. Galbraith
Well fortified and manned, the town held out stoutly.
出自：D. M. Frame
A cousin of mine volunteered to man a machine-gun post.
出自：Country Quest
man的详细讲解：
man用作可数名词可指“人,男人,男子汉”,表示“具有男子汉精神〔气概〕”时, man前常加不定冠词。
man用作不可数名词时,可表示“人类”,可与mankind换用,其前常不加冠词,作为单数名词跟单数动词连用。man用作复数常表示“水手,(军队的)士兵,手下的人,雇员”等。
man在口语中还可表示“丈夫,恋人”。man有时还用作称呼语,含有戏谑、轻蔑的意味。
men and women是固定短语,词序不能颠倒,意为“男女”。
man还可表示“棋子”。
如果一个男人带有女性性格上的弱点,如办事拖拉、胆小、气量狭窄、婆婆妈妈等,也可讽刺把他说成woman。例如:Woman of both sex in the Parliament made a big noise against the bill.议会中婆婆妈妈的议员们都对这个法案大叫着反对。
man用作动词表示“为…配备人员”“操纵,操作”,后面常接车、船等之类的名词作宾语。还可作“使振作精神”解,其后常接反身代词。
man可用于被动结构。
二者都有“人”的意思,其区别是：
man意为“人”,着重于人与动物或人与神之间的区别; one意为“人”时,着重于人之常情、义务或应做的事。例如:
Every man must follow his own beliefs.每个人都要有自己的信仰。
One should do one's best for the country.人应对自己的国家尽忠。
One should respect one's parents.人应该尊敬自己的父母。
man, mankind
这两个词都可表示“人类”。mankind泛指古今中外,甚至包括未来的人,常含有崇高、庄重、正式的色彩; man是普通用语,指人类,包括男人和女人,也可指具体的人,尤指男人。
这些名词均有“人类”之意。
:man指各时代的全体人类。
:mankind集体名词，语体庄重，泛指过去、现在和未来的人类。
:humanity书面用词，集合名词，多用于文学作品中，作人类解时，侧重有同情心、理解力和崇高品质。
人必定在一个变化的世界中变化。
误 The man must change in a changing world.
正 Man must change in a changing world.
析 man作“人”“人类”的总称解时,多为单数,且前面不加冠词。
当前,人们对他们的环境漠不关心。
误 Nowadays, man is totally indifferent to their environment.
正 Nowadays, man is totally indifferent to his environment.
析 man虽指“全体人类”,但常用he, his一类代词来指代。
☆ 直接源自古英语的mann，意为人，男人。
man的海词问答与网友补充：
man的相关资料：
man&:&人们，大家 ...
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man&:&男人,人， ...
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