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Statistics (2016)
Source: Hong Kong International Airport
Chek Lap Kok Airport
Cheklaahpgok Gēichèuhng
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text. Without proper , you may see
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Hong Kong International Airport (: HKG, : VHHH) is the main airport in . It is located on the
of , which largely comprises land
for the construction of the airport itself. The airport is also colloquially known as Chek Lap Kok Airport (赤鱲角機場), to distinguish it from its predecessor, the closed .
The airport has been in commercial operation since 1998, replacing the Kai Tak Airport. It is an important regional trans-shipment centre, passenger hub and gateway for destinations in
(with 45 destinations) and the rest of . The airport is the world's busiest cargo gateway and one of the world's busiest passenger airports. It is also home to one of the world's largest passenger terminal buildings (the largest when opened in 1998).
The airport is operated by the
24 hours a day and is the primary hub for
(the flag carrier of Hong Kong), , ,
(cargo carrier). The airport is one of the hubs of , and it is also one of the
cargo hubs for . It is a
for many airlines, including
utilize Hong Kong as a stopover point for their flights.
HKIA is an important contributor to Hong Kong's economy, with approximately 65,000 employees. More than 100 airlines operate flights from the airport to over 180 cities across the globe. In 2015, HKIA handled 68.5 million passengers, making it the
by passenger traffic. Since 2010, it has also surpassed
to become the .
View of the airport from the
Map showing the reclaimed land of Lantau Island, Lam Chau and Chek Lap Kok.
A front view of Hong Kong Airport
The exterior of Hong Kong International Airport at night-time
Chek Lap Kok Airport was designed as a replacement for the
(commonly known as Kai Tak Airport) built in 1925. Located in the densely built-up
with a single runway extending into , Kai Tak had only limited room for expansion to cope with steadily increasing air traffic. By the 1990s, Kai Tak had become one of the world's busiest airports – it far exceeded its annual passenger and cargo design capacities, and one out of every three flights experienced delays, largely due to lack of space for aircraft, gates, and a second runway. In addition,
measures restricted nighttime flights, as severe noise pollution (exceeding 105  in Kowloon City) adversely affected an estimated total of at least 340,000 people.
A 1974 planning study by the
departments identified the small island of Chek Lap Kok, off , as a possible airport replacement site. Away from the congested city centre, flight paths would be routed over the
rather than populous urban areas, enabling efficient round-the-clock operation of multiple runways. The Chek Lap Kok (CLK) airport master plan and civil engineering studies were completed towards the end of 1982 and 1983 respectively. In February 1983, however, the government shelved the project for financial and economic reasons. In 1988, the Port & Airport Development Strategy (PADS) Study was undertaken by consultants, headed by , reporting in December 1989. This study looked at forecasts for both airport and port traffic to the year 2011 and came up with three recommended strategies for overall strategic development in Hong Kong. One of the three assumed maintaining the existing airport at Kai T a second assumed a possible airport in the Western Harbour between Lantau Island and Hong Kong Island, and the third assumed a new airport at Chek Lap Kok. The consultants produced detailed analyses for each scenario, enabling Government to consider these appraisals for each of the three "Recommended Strategies". In October 1989 the Governor of Hong Kong announced to the Legislative Council that a decision had been made on the long-term port and airport development strategy for the territory. The strategy to be adopted was that which included a replacement airport at Chek Lap Kok and incorporating new container terminals 8 and 9 at
and east of the island of Tsing Yi respectively.
In the PADS study, the consultants advised that the earliest the airport could be opened was January 1998.[] However, in reaching the government's decision, this date was modified to January 1997, six months prior to the handover of the territory to China. Construction of the new airport began in 1991.[] As construction progressed, an agreement was reached with China that as much as possible of the airport would be completed before the handover to China in July 1997. In the event, British Prime Minister
opened the , the main access to
and the airport and its supporting community in May 1997, prior to the transfer of sovereignty to China. The airport itself was opened in July 1998.
The construction pe specialists considered that only a 10–20-year period was sufficient for this massive project.[] Another cause for this rush was due to the uncertain future of the airport construction after the transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong to the People's Republic of China. Shortly after the then-British colonial government of Hong Kong announced plans to construct the new airport, the Chinese government in Beijing began voicing objections to various aspects of the massive project, which prompted financial institutions to delay extending project finance. Without access to this financing, many of the companies who had secured contracts to build various portions of the project halted construction, resulting in delays that pushed the actual opening of the airport, originally planned to take place before the transition in sovereignty until one year after. As agreements were reached with the government in China, Beijing removed most of its objections and work then continued, albeit behind schedule.[]
Hong Kong International Airport was built on a large
formed by flattening and levelling
islands (3.02 square kilometres (1.17 sq mi) and 0.08 square kilometres (0.031 sq mi) respectively) and
9.38 square kilometres (3.62 sq mi) of the adjacent seabed. The 12.48-square-kilometre (3,080-acre) airport site added nearly 1% to Hong Kong's total surface area, connecting to the north side of Lantau Island near
Construction of the new airport was only part of the , which also involved the construction of new roads and rail links to the airport, with associated bridges and tunnels, and major land reclamation projects on both
and in . The project is the most expensive airport project ever, according to . Construction of the new airport was voted as one of the Top 10 Construction Achievements of the 20th Century at the ConExpo conference in 1999.
The detailed design for the airport terminal was awarded to a consortium led by Mott Connell (the Hong Kong office of UK consultant Mott MacDonald) with
as specialist designers for airport related aspects,
as architects and
as specialist structural designers for the roof. Mott Connell were the designers for foundations, all other structural components and the mechanical and electrical work. Project architects were Foster and Partners. The sides of the terminals, predominantly glass, were designed to break during high speed winds, relieving pressure and allowing the terminal to withstand an intense typhoon.
The airport was officially opened in an
by the then- ()
on 2 July 1998. The actual operation of the airport commenced on 6 July 1998, concluding the six-year construction that cost US$20 billion. On that day at 06:25 ,
flight 889 became the first commercial flight to land at the airport, pipping the original CX 292 from Rome which was the scheduled first arrival. However, the airport had already started to experience some technical difficulties on the first day of opening. The
(FIDS) had suddenly shut down which caused long delays. Shortly afterwards, the cargo-communication link with Kai Tak, where all the necessary data was stored (some still stored there then), went down. During the same period of time, someone had accidentally deleted an important database for cargo services. This meant that cargo had to be manually stored. At one point, the airport had to turn away all air cargo and freight headed for and exported from Hong Kong (except food and medical supplies) while it sorted out the huge mess. HKIA simply could not keep up without an automated assistant-computer system. For three to five months after its opening, it suffered various severe organisational, mechanical and technical problems that almost crippled the airport and its operations. Computer glitches were mostly to blame for the major crisis. , a Hong Kong politician, was quoted saying "This was meant to be a first-class project but it has turned into a ninth-class airport and a disgrace. Our airport has become the laughing stock of the world." At one time, the government reopened the
at Kai Tak Airport to handle freight traffic because of a breakdown at the new cargo terminal, named Super Terminal One (ST1). However, after six months the airport started to operate normally.
On 31 July 2000, , a regularised illegal immigrant in Hong Kong with , forced his way through a security checkpoint using a fake pistol, took a woman hostage, and boarded a Cathay Pacific aircraft. He demanded to be flown to Burma, which he claimed was his native country but had refused to admit him due to his lack of documents. He surrendered to police two and a half hours later.
Officially opened in June 2007, the second airport terminal, called T2, (check-in facility only) is linked with the
on a new platform. The terminal also features a new shopping mall, , providing a large variety of shops and restaurants, together with a few entertainment facilities. T2 also houses a 36-bay coach-station for buses to and from mainland China and 56 airline check-in counters, as well as customs and immigration facilities.
Besides T2, the SkyCity Nine Eagles Golf Course has been opened in 2007 whereas the second airport hotel, the Hong Kong SkyCity Marriott H and a permanent cross-boundary ferry terminal, the , began operations in 2008 and 2009 respectively. Development around T2 also includes the AsiaWorld-Expo which has started operation in late 2005. A second passenger concourse, the North Satellite Concourse (NSC), opened in 2010, followed by the Midfield Concourse in December 2015.[]
Layout of Hong Kong International Airport
Hong Kong International Airport covers an area of 1,255 hectares (4.85 sq mi). The airport has a total of 90 boarding gates, with 78
gates (1–4, 15–36, 40–50, 60–71, 201–219, 501–510) and 12 virtual gates (228–230, 511–513, 520–525) which are used as assembly points for passengers, who are then ferried to the aircraft by apron buses. Of the 66 jet bridges, five (Gates 15,23,60,62,64) are capable of handling the , the current users of which are , , , , , ,
and . Previous users were , , and .
Terminal 1 of the HKIA, with an area measuring 570,000 square metres (6,100,000 sq ft), is the third largest airport passenger terminal building in the world, after
At its opening, Terminal 1 was the largest airport passenger terminal building, with a total gross floor area of 531,000 square metres (5,720,000 sq ft). It briefly conceded the status to 's
(563,000 m2 (6,060,000 sq ft)) when the latter opened on 15 September 2006, but reclaimed the title when the East Hall was expanded, bringing the total area to its current size of 570,000 square metres (6,100,000 sq ft). (The East Hall expansion, designed by architecture firm , included a 39,000-square-metre (420,000 sq ft) expansion to SkyMart, a shopping mall). Terminal 1's title as the world's largest was surrendered to
on 29 February 2008.
Terminal 1 Departures Hall entrance
The interior of Terminal 1 at night
Check-in counters at Terminal 1
Level 5 – Arrivals Hall
Terminal 2 with an area measuring 140,000 m2 (1,500,000 sq ft), together with the , opened on 28 February 2007 along with the opening of the
Platform 3. It is only a check-in and processing facility for departing passengers with no gates or arrival facilities (passengers are transported underground to gates at Terminal 1). So far most
and some full-service carriers have relocated their check-in operations to T2. The SkyPlaza is situated within Terminal 2. Architecture firm
designed Terminal 2 and the SkyPlaza.
SkyPlaza at the Hong Kong International Airport Terminal 2 ceiling
SkyPlaza at the Hong Kong International Airport Terminal 2
SkyPlaza, Hong Kong International Airport (Hong Kong)
In 2007, HKIA began the construction of a two-storey North Satellite Concourse (NSC), which opened in December 2009. This concourse was designed for
and is equipped with 10 . The concourse has a floor area of 20,000 square metres (220,000 sq ft) and will be able to serve more than five million passengers annually. There is a shuttle bus service between the NSC and Terminal 1 every four minutes. The North Satellite Concourse was built so the airport could accommodate at least 90 percent of its passengers by aerobridges. It has two levels (one for departures and one for arrivals). Architecture firm
designed North Satellite Concourse
Exterior view of Hong Kong Airport Satellite Terminal. Connection by airport shuttle bus to main terminal travelling along marked roadway at bottom left.
Interior view of Satellite Terminal, Hong Kong Airport. Escalator leads up from bus connection to main terminal building.
Interior view of Satellite Terminal, Hong Kong Airport. Central internet kiosk with coffee shop behind.
On 25 January 2011, Airport Authority Hong Kong (AA) unveiled phase 1 of its midfield development project which is targeted for completion by the end of 2015. The midfield area is located to the west of Terminal 1 and between the two existing runways. It is the last piece of land on the airport island available for large-scale development. This will include 20 aircraft parking stands, three of these will be wide enough to serve the
and cater for an additional 10 million passengers annually. Passengers will reach the concourse through an extension of the underground automated people mover. A Joint Venture of Mott MacDonald and Arup led the design of the project, supported by a range of consultants including Architecture firm . The Concourse began operations on 28 December 2015, and the first flight that used it was the HX658 operated by the
flying from Hong Kong to . On 31 March 2016, the Concourse was officially inaugurated in a ceremony marking its full commissioning.
The current airlines using Midfield Concourse are , , AirAsia Group (,
and ), , , , , , , , , , , , Jetstar Group (,
and ), , , , , , , , Palau Pacific Airways operated by , , , , , , , ,
Aerial view of Midfield Concourse, Hong Kong International Airport.
Interior view of Midfield Concourse
Interior view of sitting area
Interior view of Automated People Mover Platform
, the head office of , is located on the airport property. Cathay Dragon House (港龍大厦), the head office of , is also on the airport property. The head office of , as of 2004, is located on the fourth floor of the South Tower of Cathay Pacific City.
has its headquarters at Hong Kong International Airport.
The head office of
was previously on Level 2 of the CNAC House (中航大廈, Mandarin: Zhōngháng Dàshà, Cantonese: jung1 hong4 daai6 ha6) at HKIA.
Control tower seen from an aircraft
Super Terminal 1
View of the outside. A
Globemaster is in the lower left corner
In June 2010, the Airport Authority unveiled plans to develop in stages the vast midfield site of the airport island. Stage 1 will involve the construction of a new 20 gate passenger concourse to be built in 2 phases (completion 2015 and 2020) with 11 gates in phase 1 growing to 20 gates in phase 2. The configuration of the new concourse is similar to those at , , ,
and . After stage 1 of midfield development is completed in 2020, there will be sufficient lands remaining for further new concourses to be built as and when demand for them materialises.
One year after, on 2 June 2011, the Airport Authority announced and released their latest version of a 20-year blueprint for the airport's development, the . The study took three years and according to the authority, nine consulting organisations have been hired for the research, observation, planning and advice. The main focus is to improve the overall capacity and aircraft handling ability of the airport. Based on this, two options have been developed.
This section does not
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To maintain the current two-runway system, there will be enhancements to the terminal and apron facilities to increase the airport's capacity. This option will enable the airport to handle a maximum of 420,000 flight movements per year, with annual passenger and cargo throughput increased to 74 million and six million tonnes respectively. The approximate cost of this plan is $23.4 billion
in 2010 prices, or HK$42.5 billion in money-of-the-day[] prices. However, the Airport Authority estimates that the airport will reach its maximum runway capacity sometime around 2020 if no extra runway is added.
This plan will focus on adding a third runway to the north of the Chek Lap Kok, the existing island the airport is built on, by land reclamation, using , of about 650 hectares (1,600 acres). Associated facilities, additional terminals, airfield and apron facilities, will be built as well, and, combined with the new runway, it is estimated that the airport would be able to handle a maximum of 620,000 flights per year (102 per hour, or about one flight every 36 seconds), and meet forecast annual passenger and cargo throughput of about 97 million and 8.9 million tonnes by 2030 respectively.[]
There are possible drawbacks. Development costs are a concern: although the proposal would increase the number of direct jobs associated with HKIA to 150,000 by 2030 and generate an ENPV of HK$912 billion (in 2009 dollars), the estimated cost is approximately $86.2 billion (2010) Hong Kong Dollars, or HK$141.5 billion (at money-of-the-day prices). There are also environmental and local noise pollution concerns.
On 20 March 2012, the Hong Kong Government adopted this option as the official expansion plan.
The third runway will be built parallel to the current two runways. It will be situated on a reclamated patch of land directly north of the existing airport island.
Nonstop routes from Hong Kong to destinations in Mainland China and Taiwan.
Nonstop routes from Hong Kong to destinations in America, Africa, and Europe.
Destinations
operated by
Seasonal: ,
Charter: ,
(begins 31 October 2017)
operated by
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(ends 28 October 2017), , , , , ,
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Seasonal: ,
(begins 1 December 2017)
Charter: ,
Seasonal Charter:
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Charter: ,
Seasonal charter:
(suspended)
Palau Pacific Airways
operated by
operated by
operated by
(ends 27 October 2017)
Destinations
, , , , , , , , , , ,
, , , , , , , , , ,
, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
operated by
operated by
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operated by
operated by
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The airport control tower and a taxiing
Boeing 747-8F
Operations and Statistics
Airfreight
28,631,000
30,394,000
33,374,000
33,065,000
34,313,000
27,433,000
37,142,000
40,740,000
44,443,000
47,783,000
48,582,000
45,499,604
50,410,819
53,909,000
56,057,751
59,913,000
63,367,000
68,488,000
70,502,000
Passenger (current)
70,502,000
Passenger (ultimate)
70,000,000
Cargo (current)
Cargo (ultimate)
Apron (current)
Number of destinations
International (air)
International (water)
The view of the airport from the control tower, with an
Boeing 747 on a nearby taxiway
The interior of the airport control tower
The airport is operated by the , a statutory body wholly owned by the Government of Hong Kong .
The airport has two parallel runways, both of which are 3,800 metres (12,500 ft) in length and 60 metres (200 ft) wide. The south runway has a , while the north runway has the higher Category IIIA rating, which allows pilots to land in only 200-metre (660 ft) visibility. The two runways have a capacity of over 60 aircraft movements an hour. The Airport is upgrading ATC and runways so that they can handle 68 movements per hour. Normally, the north runway (07L/25R) is used for landing passenger planes. The south runway (07R/25L) is used for passenger planes taking off and cargo flights due to its proximity to the cargo terminal.
There are 49 frontal stands at the main passenger concourse, 28 remote stands and 25 cargo stands. There are also five parking bays at the Northwest Concourse. A satellite concourse with 10 frontal stands for narrow body aircraft has been commissioned to the north of the main concourse at the end of 2009, bringing the total number of frontal stands at the airport to 59.
The airport was the
in Asia in 2010, and the
in 2010. In terms of international traffic, the airport is the third busiest for passenger traffic and the busiest for cargo since its operation in 1998. There are over 95 international airlines providing about 900 scheduled passenger and all-cargo flights each day between Hong Kong and some 160 destinations worldwide. About 76 percent of these flights are operated with wide-body jets. There is also an average of approximately 31 non-scheduled passenger and cargo flights each week.
The operation of scheduled air services to and from Hong Kong is facilitated by air services agreements between Hong Kong and other countries. Since the opening of HKIA, the
has implemented a policy of progressive liberalisation of air services. Many
have started various regional routes to compete head-on with full-service carriers on trunk routes.
The airport's long term expansion opportunities are subject to variables. An HKD 80 billion proposal to build a third runway has been under feasibility study and consultation but would be very expensive as it would involve additional reclamation from deep waters, and the building cost of the third runway may be as high as the building cost of the entire airport. On the other hand, there exists only one airway between Hong Kong and mainland China, and this single route is often and easily backed up causing delays on both sides. In addition, China requires that aircraft flying the single air route between Hong Kong and the mainland must be at an altitude of at least 15,000 feet. Talks are underway to persuade the Chinese military to relax its airspace restriction in view of worsening air traffic congestion at the airport. Other than that, Hong Kong Airport Authority is co-operating with other airports in the area to relieve air traffic and in the future, Shenzhen may act as a regional airport while Hong Kong receives all the international flights.
provides short and long range search and rescue services, police support, medical evacuation and general purpose flights for the Government.
Despite its size, the passenger terminal was designed for convenience. The layout and signage, moving walkways and the automated people mover help passengers move through the building. The , a driverless
system with 3 stations transports passengers between the check-in area and the gates. The trains travel at 62 kilometres per hour (39 mph). The airport also boasts an
theatre that has the largest screen in Hong Kong. The theatre is located in Terminal 2, level 6 and can seat 350 persons at a time.
Hong Kong Business Aviation Centre
The Hong Kong Business Aviation Centre (BAC) is located within the airport and has its own terminal and facilities separate from the public terminal. It provides services for executive aircraft and passengers, including a passenger lounge, private rooms and showers, business centre facilities, ground handling, baggage handling, fuelling, security, customs and flight planning. Designated spaces and hangars are also provided at the BAC for private aircraft.
To sustain the growth of passengers, the Airport Authority formulated a "push and pull through" strategy to expand its connections to new sources of passengers and cargo. This means adapting the network to the rapidly growing markets in China and in particular to the
region (PRD). In 2003, a new Airport-Mainland Coach Station opened. The coach station has a 230-square-metre (2,500 sq ft) waiting lounge and sheltered bays for ten coaches. Many buses operate each day to transport passengers between HKIA and major cities in the Mainland.
The Coach Station was relocated to the ground floor (level 3) of Terminal 2 in 2007. The 36 bays at the new Coach Station allow cross-border coaches to make 320 trips a day carrying passengers between the airport and 90 cities and towns in the PRD. Local tour and hotel coaches also operate from T2. The coach station at T2 has shops and waiting lounges as well as a mainland coach service centre which gathers all operators together.
In late September 2003, the SkyPier high-speed ferry terminal opened. Passengers arriving at the SkyPier board buses to the terminal and arriving air passengers board ferries at the pier for their ride back to the PRD. Passengers travelling both directions can bypass custom and immigration formalities, which reduces transit time. Four ports – , , Macau and
() – were initially served. As of August 2007, SkyPier serves Shenzhen's Shekou and , Dongguan's Humen, Macau,
and . Passengers travelling from Shekou and Macau can complete airline check-in procedures with participating airlines before boarding the ferries and go straight to the boarding gate for the flight at HKIA.
In 2009, the permanent SkyPier Terminal opened.[] The permanent ferry terminal is equipped with four berths, but the terminal is designed to accommodate eight berths. Transfer desks and baggage handling facilities are included, and the terminal is directly connected to the airport automatic people mover system.
Terminal 1
Baggage Reclaim Hall
SuperTerminal 1
Asia Airfreight Terminal
DHL Central Asia Hub
Ramp handling services are provided by
and SATS HK Limited. Their services include the handling of mail and passenger baggage, transportation of cargo, aerobridge operations and the operation of passenger stairways. The airport has an advanced
(BHS), the main section of which is located in the basement level of the passenger terminal, and a separate remote transfer facility at the western end of the main concourse for the handling of tight connection transfer bags.
HKIA handles over three million tonnes of cargo annually.
operates one of the two air cargo terminals at the airport. Its headquarters, the 328,000-square-metre (3,530,000 sq ft) SuperTerminal 1, is the world's second largest stand-alone air cargo handling facility, after the opening of the West Cargo Handling Area of the
on 26 March 2008. The designed capacity is 2.6 million tonnes of freight a year. The second air cargo terminal is operated by , and has a capacity of 1.5 million tonnes a year. DHL operates the DHL Central Asia Hub cargo facility which handles 35,000 parcels and 40,000 packages per hour.
operates the Air Mail Centre (AMC) and processes 700,000 packages per day. It is envisaged that HKIA's total air cargo capacity per annum will reach nine million tonnes ultimately.
Both line and base maintenance services are undertaken by
(HAECO), while
(CASL) and Pan Asia Pacific Aviation Services Limited carry out line maintenance. Line maintenance services include routine servicing of aircraft performed during normal turnaround periods and regularly scheduled layover periods. Base maintenance covers all airframe maintenance services and for this HAECO has a three-bay hangar, which can accommodate up to three Boeing 747-400 aircraft and two Airbus A320 aircraft, and an adjoining support workshop.[] HAECO also has the world's largest mobile hangar, weighing over 400 tons.[] It can be used to enclose half of a
aeroplane so that the whole facility can fully enclose four 747s when the mobile hangar is used.
On 29 May 2009, CASL opened its first aircraft maintenance hangar in the maintenance area of the airport. The new hangar occupies an area of about 10,000 square metres (110,000 sq ft) and can accommodate one wide-body and one
aircr the hangar also has an about 10,000-square-metre (110,000 sq ft) area in its annexe building. CASL specialises in
series heavy maintenance.
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The Air Traffic Control Complex (ATCX), located at the centre of the airfield, is the nerve centre of the entire air traffic control system. Some 370 air traffic controllers and supporting staff work around the clock to provide air traffic control services for the
(FIR). At the Air Traffic Control Tower, controllers provide 24-hour aerodrome control services to aircraft operating at the airport. A backup Air Traffic Control Centre/Tower constructed to the north of the ATCX is available for operational use in the event normal services provided in the ATCX are disrupted by unforeseen circumstances. Apart from serving as an operational backup, the facilities are also used for air traffic control training.
The Airport Meteorological Office (AMO) of the
(HKO) provides weather services for the aviation community. The AMO issues alerts of low-level
and turbulence. Windshear detection is made using traditional
as well as the more effective , of which Hong Kong International Airport was the first to introduce. Doppler LIDAR systems use lasers to detect windshear and wind direction even when atmospheric conditions are too dry for Doppler radar to work.
Rescue and fire fighting services within the airport are covered by the Airport Fire Contingent of the . The contingent has 282 members, operating two fire stations and two rescue berths for 24-hour emergency calls. It is equipped with 14 fire appliances which can respond to incidents within two minutes in optimum conditions of visibility and surface conditions, satisfying the relevant recommendation of the . Two high capacity rescue boats, supported by eight speed boats, form the core of sea rescue operations. Two ambulances are also assigned at each of the airport fire stations.
The airport is connected to inner Hong Kong by the
There is an , operated by the Airport Authority and maintained by , connecting the East Hall to the West Hall and Terminal 2. It was extended to SkyPier in late 2009.
Cross-boundary coach bus terminal located in terminal 2
operate 25 bus routes to the airport from various parts of Hong Kong, available at the Airport Ground Transportation Centre and Cheong Tat Road. The bus companies also offer 10 overnight "N" services.
Passengers can also take the S1 Citybus to the . From there they can board the
which follows the same route as the
to Central with cheaper fare but longer journey time.
Coach services are available to major cities and towns in , such as ,
Direct ferry services are available from the airport to various destinations throughout the
via . Passengers using these services are treated as transit passengers and are not considered to have entered Hong Kong for immigration purposes. For this reason, access to the ferry terminal is before immigration in the airport for arriving passengers. Check-in services are available at these piers. Four ports – , , Macau and
– were initially served, extending to
at the end of 2003. The
service began on 10 July 2007 while a
service started on 14 July 2009.
Airport Express connecting between the airport and the central business district of .
Airport Express –
The fastest service from the city to the airport is the , a dedicated high-speed
as part of the
network. The line makes intermediate stops at , , and terminates at
at the northern coast of
on . It takes 24 minutes to reach the airport from Hong Kong station. MTR offers free shuttle bus services between Airport Express stations and hotels in the area, and free transfers are available to and from other MTR lines with a valid
which is not available to Single Ride Ticket users. Both Hong Kong and Kowloon stations provide in-town check-in services for major airlines.
The Airport Express line originally terminated at , where trains open doors on both sides, allowing direct access to either Terminal 1 or Terminal 2. It was later extended to
on 20 December 2005 to facilitate the opening of the nearby . During events at the station some
trains, which largely share the same tracks as the Airport Express, serve this station instead of , but these trains do not stop by Airport Station.
The airport is served by all three different types of taxi, distinguished by their colour:
     Urban taxis connect the Airport with ,
and parts of the new towns of ,
(urban taxis can go anywhere in Hong Kong except southern ).
     New Territories taxis connect the airport with the , except those parts of the Tsuen Wan, Sha Tin and Tseung Kwan O served by urban taxis.
     Lantau taxis connect the airport with the rest of Lantau Island.
The following are events at the current HKIA (see
On 22 August 1999,
operated by subsidiary ), which was landing at Hong Kong International Airport during
after a flight from Bangkok International Airport (now
), rolled over and caught fire, coming to rest upside down beside the runway. Of the 315 passengers and crew on board, three people were killed and 219 were injured.
On 13 April 2010,
to Hong Kong landed safely after both engines failed due to contaminated fuel. 57 passengers were injured. Its two pilots received the
from the International Federation of Air Line Pilots' Associations for their heroism and airmanship.
World's Best Airport for Dining (2017)
Best Airport Worldwide (2005)
Cargo Airport of the Year ()
Air Cargo Excellence (2007)
Asia Pacific Airport Efficiency Excellence Award (2007)
Asia's Best Airport (2000)
Structural Steel Design Award (1999)
Best Airport in China (, )
CAPA International Airport of the Year (2007)
World's Best Airport (2007)
CONEXPO-CON/AGG '99 Top 10 Construction Achievements of the 20th Century – Airport Core Programme (1999)
Most Friendly Airport for Cargo (2005)
Silver Medal for Architecture (1999)
Diamond – Best Corporate Governance Disclosure Awards (2004)
() Eagle Award (2002)
Payload Asia Awards Asia Pacific Airport of the Year – Industry Choice Award ()
Award for Travel-Retail Excellence in Asia / Pacific ()
World's Best Airport (, , 2011)
Smart Travel Asia World's Best Airport (, )
Best Airport Worldwide ()
Best International Airport (2007)
Best Airport Facilities (2006)
TTG Best Airport (–2008; Survey was not held in 2003 owing to SARS)
Asia/ Pacific's Leading Airport (2000)
Airport Service Quality Awards
Best Airport Worldwide
Best Airport in Asia-Pacific
Best Airport by Size (over 40 million passenger)
Best Airport Worldwide
– a military airport in Hong Kong
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"." Hong Kong Airlines. Retrieved 7 November 2011. "Headquarter Office Address: L2 CNAC House, 12 Tung Fai Road, Hong Kong International Airport, Lantau, Hong Kong"
"." Hong Kong Airlines. Retrieved 7 November 2011. "地址: 香港大嶼山香港國際機場東輝路12號中航大廈2樓"
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