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把 ubuntu的源换了163的后，执行 aptitude update.出错：
1. W: Failed to fetch bzip2:/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/_ubuntu_dists_precise-updates_main_binary-i386_Packages
Hash Sum mismatch
解决方法是：
将/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/下的所有文件删除，但是这可以解决大部分问题，个别源不能解决，如&/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/_ubuntu_dists_precise_main_binary-i386_Packages&，只有进入/var/lib/apt/lists/将对应的文件删除
如还有问题，试试在
/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/05aptitude
最后加一行
Acquire::CompressionTypes::Order &gz&;
GPG error:
precise Release: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is
not available:
NO_PUBKEY 40976EAF437D05B5
解决方法：
使用如下命令：
gpg --keyserver subkeys.pgp.net --recv-keys
40976EAF437D05B5
gpg -a --export
40976EAF437D05B5 | sudo apt-key add -
（/arrongao/archive//Hash_Sum_mismatch_key.html）
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(12)(7)(8)(3)(2)(1)(7)(2)(2)(4)(17)(21)(13)(7)(1)(1)(11)(3)(6)(13)(8)(7)(10)(16)(7)(17)(7)(33)(11)(22)(10)(18)(11)(6)(6)(11)(8)(9)(3)(3)(10)(10)(8)(10)(3)(4)(11)(7)(3)(5)(1)(1)(4)(3)(4)(5)(4)(8)(2)(2)(4)(4)(2)(5)(2)(3)(2)sudo cp /etc/apt/source.list /etc/apt/source.list.bak
编辑source.list
sudo vim /etc/apt/source.list
删除原来的列表， 添加以下内容（网易源）
deb // precise-s main restricted
deb-src /ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb /ubuntu/ precise universe
deb-src /ubuntu/ precise universe
deb /ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb-src /ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb /ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb-src /ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb /ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb-src /ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb /ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src /ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
update是更新列表，upgrade是更新软件。
下面附上其他源
deb /ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb /ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb /ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
#deb /ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
#deb /ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src /ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src /ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src /ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src /ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
#deb-src /ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb /ubuntu/ vivid main restricted universe multiverse
deb /ubuntu/ vivid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb /ubuntu/ vivid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb /ubuntu/ vivid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb /ubuntu/ vivid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src /ubuntu/ vivid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src /ubuntu/ vivid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src /ubuntu/ vivid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src /ubuntu/ vivid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src /ubuntu/ vivid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors./ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors./ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb http://mirrors./ubuntu/ precise universe
deb-src http://mirrors./ubuntu/ precise universe
deb http://mirrors./ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb-src http://mirrors./ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb http://mirrors./ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors./ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb http://mirrors./ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors./ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors./ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors./ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb /ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb-src /ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
deb /ubuntu/ precise universe
deb-src /ubuntu/ precise universe
deb /ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb-src /ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
deb /ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb-src /ubuntu/ precise multiverse
deb /ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb-src /ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
deb /ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src /ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse&&& 安装ubuntu14.04之后做的第一件事就是更新源，于是从网上找到来网易的源，结果更新后出现如下错误：W: 无法下载 /ubuntu/dists/trusty-security/main/binary-i386/Packages& Hash 校验和不符W: 无法下载 /ubuntu/dists/trusty-security/universe/binary-i386/Packages& Hash 校验和不符W: 无法下载 /ubuntu/dists/trusty-security/main/i18n/Translation-en& Hash 校验和不符W: 无法下载 /ubuntu/dists/trusty-updates/main/source/Sources& Hash 校验和不符W: 无法下载 /ubuntu/dists/trusty-updates/universe/source/Sources& Hash 校验和不符W: 无法下载 /ubuntu/dists/trusty-updates/main/binary-i386/Packages& Hash 校验和不符W: 无法下载 /ubuntu/dists/trusty-updates/universe/binary-i386/Packages& Hash 校验和不符W: 无法下载 /ubuntu/dists/trusty-updates/universe/i18n/Translation-en& Hash 校验和不符W: 无法下载 /ubuntu/dists/trusty-proposed/main/binary-i386/Packages& Hash 校验和不符E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.&&& 于是换其他源，什么搜狐的源，教育网的源，换了一通，并没有什么卵用，后来在ubuntu软件中心的编辑菜单下拉软件源中使用自动搜索服务器功能，搜索到这么一个服务器然后使用sudo apt-get update，竟然神奇的成功了好吧，瞬时不明觉历阿，不管怎样，问题解决来，还是很开心！
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