he has a book(转为he复数形式句)______many books

句型转换。1. Lily has a computer in her bedroom. (改为同义
练习题及答案
句型转换。
1. Lily has a computer in her bedroom. (改为同义句)           _________ _________ a computer in _________ bedroom. 2. Haibin Park is a good place to take a walk. (对画线部分提问)     _________ _________ a good place to take a walk? 3. We have fun in the garden. (改为同义句)    We _________ _________ in the garden. 4. He wants to buy some cards. (改为否定句)     He _________ _________ to buy _________ cards. 5. Jean often does her homework at 7: 00. (改为否定句)     Jean_________ _________ her homework at 7: 00.
题型:句型转换难度:中档来源:同步题
所属题型:句型转换
试题难度系数:中档
答案(找答案上)
1. There is Lily's    2. Where is    3. enjoy ourselves 4. doesn't want any 5. doesn't do
马上分享给同学
初中三年级英语试题“句型转换。1. Lily has a computer in her bedroom. (改为同义”旨在考查同学们对
there be 句型、
不定代词、
频度副词、
实义动词的单数第三人称形式、
实义动词、
助动词的单数第三人称形式、
……等知识点的掌握情况,关于英语的核心考点解析如下:
此练习题为精华试题,现在没时间做?,以后再看。
根据试题考点,只列出了部分最相关的知识点,更多知识点请访问。
考点名称:
there be句型:
一、构成:There be ...句型表示的是 &某处有(存在)某人或某物&,其结构为There be(is,are,was, were )+名词+地点状语。例如:
There are fifty-two students in our class.
There is a pencil in my pencil-case.
There was an old house by the river five years ago.
二、各种句式:
否定句:There be句型否定句式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样,在be后加上&not&。也可用&no&来表示。即:no + n.(名词)= not a\an\any + n.(名词)。注意:no + n.(可数名词单数)= not a\an + n.(可数名词单数);no + n.(可数名词复数)= not any + n.(可数名词复数);no + n.(不可数名词)= not any + n.(不可数名词)。例如:
There is an orange in her bag.
&There isn&t an orange in her bag.
&There is no orange in her bag.
There are some oranges in her bag.
&There aren&t any oranges in her bag.
&There are no oranges in her bag.
There is some juice in the bottle.
&There isn&t any juice in the bottle.
&There is no juice in the bottle.
&一般疑问句:There be结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首,再在句尾加上问号即可。例如:
There is some money in her handbag.
& Is there any money in her handbag? (疑问句和否定句中,some改为any, something改为anything.)
There is something new in today&s newspaper.
&There isn&t anything new in today&s newspaper.
&Is there anything new in today&s newspaper?
特殊疑问句:  
There be句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式:
① 对主语提问:当主语是人时,用 &Who&s + 介词短语?&;当主语是物时,用 &What&s + 介词短语?&。其中there在口语中常常省略。注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如:
There is a bird in the tree. &What&s in the tree?
There are some bikes over there. &What&s over there?
There is a little girl in the room. &Who is in the room?
② 对地点状语提问:用 &Where is \ are + 主语?&表示(注意其答语变化):例如:
There is a computer in my office.
& Where is the computer? ----It&s in my office.
There are four children in the classroom.
&Where are the four children?&They& re in the classroom.
③ 对数量提问:一般有两种提问方式:
如果主语是可数名词,无论是单数还是复数,都用&How many +可数名词复数 + are there + 介词短语?&表示:
There are twelve months in a year.
&How many months are there in a year?
There is only one book in my bag.
& How many books are there in your bag?
There is a cat in the box.
& How many cats are there in the box?
如果主语是不可数名词,则用& How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语?&表示:
There is some money in my purse. How much money is there in
your purse?
反意疑问句:There be或There加其它动词,其反意疑问句一律用&there? 例如:
There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isn&t there?
There used to be no school here, used there \did there?
there be 就近原则:
There be句型的就近原则也是主谓一致语法项目的重点考点。There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由后面挨近的一项的单复数决定。
如:There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk.
在本句中尽管有钢笔、书和铅笔,但是由于离be动词最近的一项是单数a pen,因此,be动词用单数is。
又如:有一本书和三只猫。there is a book and three cats.&
反过来,有三只猫和一本书。 there are three cats and a book.
there be固定句式:
There be +名词或代词+to do (+介词) 有某事要做
There be + some/no+ trouble/difficulty ( in) doing sth/with sth. 做某事(没)有困难
There be + some/no + doubt about/as to sth / that& 对某事(没)有疑问
There is no sense/use/good/point (in) doing sth 做某事没有道理/用处/好处/意义
There is no need (for sb.) to do sth/that& (某人)做某事没有必要
There is no chance/possibility to do sth/of doing sth./that& 没有做某事的机会/可能性
There was no arguing with her. 没法和她争辩。
There is a time when...有做某事的一段时间
考点名称:
简单说,不定代词就是指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词;不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
不定代词有哪些?
初中常用不定代词有:some(something,somebody,someone),any(anything,anybody,anyone), no(nothing,nobody,no one), every(everything,everybody,everyone,),all,each,both,much,many,(a)little,(a)few,other(s),another,none,one,either, neither等。一般来讲,修饰不定代词的词要置于其后。
不定代词的用法:
不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。
不定代词+形容词
不定代词+to do
Both of them are teachers.他们两人都是教师。
I know nothing about this person.我对这个人一无所知。
This book is too much for a child.这本书对一个小孩来说太难了。
There is a little water in the glass.玻璃杯里有一些水。
I can't find my book anywhere.我在任何地方都不能找到我的书。
修饰不定代词的词,一般情况下要后置。
常用不定代词用法举例
①一般用于肯定句中的不定代词:some, someone, somebody, something
②一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中的不定代词:any, anyone, anybody, anything
③一般用于句中表示否定意义的不定代词:no, no one, nobody, nothing
④不定代词one指代可数名词,既可指人,亦可指物,它可以代替上文中出现的单数可数名词,指代复数名词时可以用ones。
⑤none通常只用作名词,在句中作主语、宾语等。意为&没有任何(人或物)&,既可指人,亦可指物。none后常跟of短语,其后用复数可数名词或不可数名词。
⑥both, all
both指两个人、物或群体;
all指三个以上的人、物或群体或泛指一切事物。
⑦every, each
each一般用于指两个或两个以上的人或物,侧重个别;
every用于指三个或三个以上的人或物,侧重全体。而且each所指对象在上下文中已十分明确。
⑧other, the other, others, the others, another
other具有名词和形容词性质,既可指人,亦可指物。other常与定冠词the连用。
不定冠词an与other连用则组成another。other只作形容词或代词,表示&其他的,别的&,不可单独使用。
the other作形容词或代词,特指两者中或两部分的另一个或另一部分。
others相当于&other+名词&,泛指&别的人或物&,只有名词性用法。
the others相当于&the other+名词&,表示&剩下的,其余的&,特指除此之外的全部 人或物。
another作形容词或代词,泛指三个或三个以上不定数目中的&另一个&。
⑨either, neither
either指&两者中的任何一个&;neither指&两者中无一&,具有否定意义。
⑩many, much, most
many和much具有名词和形容词的性质,都表示&许多、大量&。
Much一般只能指代或修饰不可数名词,many只能指代或修饰复数可数名词。Most指&大部分、大多数&。
(11)few, a few, little, a little
a few 和a little 意为&少数、少量&,其意义是肯定的。
A few指代或修饰复数形式的可数名词,a little指代或修饰不可数名词。
Few 和little意为&几乎一点没有&,具有否定意义。
考点名称:
频度副词:频度副词用来表示动作频率的,但程度上有别于程度副词。常见频度副词按频率大小排列如下:always(100%)&usually(80%)&often(60%)&sometimes(40%)&seldom(20%)&hardly (10%)&rarely never(1%)
频度副词的位置
1. 在be动词之后。如:
She is sometimes very busy. 她有时很忙。
2. 在第一个动词或情态动词之后。如:
I will never forget the first time I met you. 我将永远忘不了和你的第一次见面。
3. 在实义动词之前。如:
We often go there. 我们常去那儿。
4. sometimes也可放在句首、句中或句末,often也可放在句末。如:
Sometimes she writes to me. 她有时候给我写信。
频度副词的用法
1. often, always, usually等通常和一般现在时连用,表示现在经常或反复发生的动作。如:
It often rains here in April. 这儿四月份常下雨。
2. always与进行时连用时,并不强调动作正在进行,而是表示赞叹、厌烦等情绪。如:
He is always thinking of others. 他总是想着别人。(赞叹)
She is always asking silly questions. 她老是问些愚蠢的问题。(厌烦)
3. 对这些频度副词提问时,用how often。如:
I write to my brother sometimes.
频度副词常考知识点总结
◆always 频率最高,表示动作重复、状态继续,表示&一直、总是&,其反义词为never,always等与not连用时,表示部分否定。如:
The rich are not always happy. 有钱的人并不总是快乐的。
◆usually意为&通常&,表示习惯性动作或状态,很少有例外。如:
We usually go to school at seven in the morning. 我们通常在早上七点上学。
◆Often意为&经常,时常&,表示反复性的动作或状态,中间有间断,不如usually那么频繁。其反义词是seldom。often在句尾时常被very或quite修饰。如:
It often rains here in April. 这儿四月份常下雨。
◆sometimes意为&有时&,频率不及often,表示动作偶尔发生,间断时间较长。其位置比较灵活,放在句首、句中、句末都可。如:
Sometimes we go to the cinema and at other times we go for a walk.
有时我们去看电影,有时我们去散步。
◆seldom意为&很少&;never意为&从不&。这两个副词表示否定意义,动作几乎不会发生。如:
He seldom eats breakfast. 他很少吃早餐。
◆hardly具有否定意义,表示&几乎不、简直不&,除非特殊情况,否则不会发生。如:
The boy is so young that he could hardly understand it. 这个孩子太小了,不可能懂得这件事。
◆对上述频度副词提问时,用how often。如:
I write to my brother sometimes.
&How often do you write to your brother?
考点名称:
实义动词:亦称连系动词(Link Verb),它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(亦称补语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。实义动词又可以根据其后是否带宾语分为及物动词和不及物动词,在一般现在时的肯定句中,当主语为非第三人称单数时,谓语动词用原形,当主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词用单数第三人称形式。
实义动词第三人称单数变化规则
1、大多数动词在词尾加&S&在清辅音后发音为[s],在浊辅音及元音后发音为 [z]。如:
①stop-stops [s] ; make-makes [s]
②read-reads [z] ; play-plays [z]
2、以辅音字母加&y&结尾的,要先将&y&变为&i&,然后在加&es&读[iz] 如:
fly-flies [z]; carry-carries [z]
study-studies [z]; worry-worries
3、以&s, x, ch, sh&结尾的,在词尾加&es&,发音为[iz] 如:
teach-teaches [iz]; watch-watches [iz]
4、以&o&结尾的动词,加&es&,读[z] 如:
go-goes [z] do-does [z]
下面几个动词变为单数时,原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化,请注意记忆。 如:
1、do [du:]-does [dz]
2、say [sei]-says [sez]
以不发音字母&e&结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是[s],[z]时,加&s&后字母&e&发音, 与所加&s&一起读做[iz]。 如: close-closes [iz]
be动词包括:am, is, are。第三人称单数用过去式为复数用are,过去式为were.
实义动词单数第三人称形式的否定句、疑问句及特殊疑问句
否定句:在主语的后面实义动词前加doesn&t(注意实义动词应恢复原形。)
主语(单三)+doesn& + 动词原形+其他
Jim likes football变否定: Jim doesn&t like football
He has lunch at school. 变否定:He doesn&t have lunch at school.
一般疑问句及答语:在句子前面加助动词does,实义动词恢复原形。
Does +主语(单三)+ 动词原形+其他
Does your father work ? Yes, he does. /No, he doesn&t
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
特殊疑问词+ does +主语(单三)+ 动词原形+其他
Where does a bird live ?
How does she go to school?
考点名称:
有现在分词和过去分词变化的动词就是实义动词,实义动词就是有实在意义,有动词各种变化形式的动词,包括及物动词,不及物动词和连系动词在内,现在有的专著称之为&实动词&。实义动词是与助动词相对应的,并不是与连系动词相对应的,不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(亦称补语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
实义动词有哪些?
实义动词是具体且实际存在动作的词,比如buy、eat、drink、paly、open等等,跟实义动词相反的比如care、look for、feel、wish等兼为虚的、抽象的动作,则不是实义动词。
实义动词的用法
英语中的动词可以从不同角度进行分类,根据动词在句子中的作用,动词可分为实义动词和助动词;根据动词的形式,可分为限定动词和非限定动词。实义动词又可以根据其后是否带宾语分为及物动词和不及物动词;根据语义特征分为动态动词和静态动词;根据其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短分为延续性动词和短暂性动词。了解实义动词的分类,有助于我们更准确地使用动词。
(一)及物动词和不及物动词
1.能接宾语的动词叫及物动词;不能接宾语的动词叫不及物动词。及物动词可以使用被动语态;不及物动词不能用于被动语态中。
Hundreds of people were attacked in the streets on that day.那天大街上有数百人遭到袭击。
2.在很多情况下,一个动词的性质会发生改变,即及物动词有时可以用作不及物动词,不及物动词也可以用作及物动词。
How long have you been studying English?你学英语多久了?
3.及物动词又分为单宾语及物动词、双宾语及物动词和复合宾语及物动词。单宾语及物动词后只需要跟一个直接宾语,大多数及物动词都是单宾语及物动词。
She hit him on the head with her umbrella. 她用雨伞打他的头。
双宾语及物动词除了跟一个直接宾语之外,还需要跟一个间接宾语。如:give,show,send,sing,bring,offer,lend,write,teach,buy,fetch等。
复合宾语及物动词除了跟一个宾语之外,还需要带一个宾语补足语。如:ask,tell,allow,help,advise,find,see,keep,call等。
He could hear a dog barking. 他听得到狗叫。
(二)Be有时是实义动词,有时是助动词
要看情况而定,就像一位妇女,在儿子面前就是妈妈,在她的妈妈面前她就是女儿。
1.She is a teacher.
2.Be careful!
3.She has been here for more than 10 days.
上述各句的be的各种变化形式都在谓语的位置上,与后面的表语一起构成复合谓语。
下列句中的be的变化形式就不是连系动词,而是助动词:
1.He is speaking English now.
2.He was watching TV when the bell rang.
(三)特殊实义动词
英语动词很多既是及物动词又是不及物动词,如:close, begin, study, leave, work等。
1.The post office closes at 9:00 p. m.邮局晚上9点关门。
2.Close the window,please.请关窗。
3.Shall we begin now?我们现在开始吗?
实义动词的句法
1.肯定句:表示肯定语气。
如:I have a blue book.
2.否定句:主语+don&t/doesn&t+动词原形。其中do/does为助动词,是来帮助实义动词构成否定或疑问句的,但加了do/does后,其后面的动词必须用动词原形。
I have a blue book.(变为否定句)&I don&t have a blue book.
3.一般疑问句:Do/Does +主语+动词原形+其他?句中加了do/does后,其后面的动词还是必须用动词原形。
I have a blue book.(变为一般疑问句)&Do you have a blue book?
4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?
Your sister likes English best because it&s interesting.&Why does your sister like English best?
注意:当含有and引导的短语在句中做谓语或宾语,我们把这类句子变否定句时,必须把and变为or.如:
He can swim and dance. (变为否定句)&He can&t swim or dance.
考点名称:
助动词单数第三人称形式
英语中常有&He is &&、&Does she &? &、&It was &&、&Jim has &&等句式,就是说,当主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词或助动词一般要采用相应的第三人称单数形式与之相搭配。助动词是指帮助句子构成疑问和否定的词,英语中用了助动词,那么该句型在不同的时态当中应该是不一样的,但是总体来说应该是这样的,(否定句:主语+ 助动词+动词原形+....疑问句: 助动词+主语+动词原形+.....)。
助动词的单数第三人称形式:
助动词:be&&is,do&&does,have&&has,shall&&shall,will&&will.
第三人称做主语时特殊疑问句中的助动词用does,后面的动词用原形,其他的第一人称,第二人称,复数概念做主语时特殊疑问句中的助动词用do,后面也是用原形。
助动词do与does与人称代词搭配口诀
1、变句型,先观察 主语为一、二、(三复), 陈述句中动用原。一般疑问do句首, 否定don&t实动前。
2、若是主语为三单, 陈述句中动变形。 一般疑问也简单, does放在句子前。 否定doesn&t实动前, 主动出现动还原。
注:一、二、(三复)指的是第一、第二人称单复数,第三人称复数。
动用原指动词用原形,实动指实义动词
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与“句型转换。1. Lily has a computer in her bedroom. (改为同义”相关的知识点试题(更多试题练习--)
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1、There is a book on the desk.改为复数形式 2、There are some kites on the wall.改为否定句3、There are some apples in the bag.改为一般疑问句4、There are 20 students in our group.对20 提问5、Mr.Green has two sons.对 two 提问
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1、There is a book on the desk.改为复数形式 There are some books in the desk.2、There are some kites on the wall.改为否定句 There are not any kites on the wall.3、There are some apples in the bag.改为一般疑问句Are there any apples in the bag?4、There are 20 students in our group.对20 提问How many students are there in your group?5、Mr.Green has two sons.对 two 提问How many sons does Mr Green have?
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谁会这道题:句型转换. 1. It
1. It's a white box. (改为复数) && &_________ white _________. 2. He has a short ruler. (改为一般疑问句)
&& _________ he _________ a short ruler?
3. His father is
. (划线部分提问)
&& _________ _________ his father?
4. Mary has long legs. (同义句) &&&_________ legs _________ long.
5. They're old buses. (改为单数)
&& _________ _________ old bus.
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1.They're,boxes 2.Does,have
3.How is 4.Mary's,are& 5.It's an
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How many___ ___he have?A.books;do B.book;doesHow many___ ___he have?A.books;do B.book;does c.books;does
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C,首先是复数的书,然后是第三人称的助动词。
第三人称助动词
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>>>(2013·天津,9)No one________ be more generous;he has a hear..
(2013·天津,9)No one________ be more generous;he has a heart of gold.A.couldB.mustC.dareD.need
题型:单选题难度:中档来源:不详
A考查情态动词。句意:不可能有人比他更慷慨;他有一颗善良的心。can't/ couldn't表不可能,故答案选A。
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据魔方格专家权威分析,试题“(2013·天津,9)No one________ be more generous;he has a hear..”主要考查你对&&情态动词&&等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下:
现在没空?点击收藏,以后再看。
因为篇幅有限,只列出部分考点,详细请访问。
情态动词的概念:
情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。几组词的辨析:
1、need和dare的用法:need和dare既可用作情态动词,也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时,主要用于否定句和疑问句。用作实义动词时,可用于各种句式。 (1)用作情态动词:&如:—Need I come? 我需要来吗?&&&&&&&& —Yes, you must. 需要。 &&&&&&&& You needn′t telephone him now. 你现在不必打电话给他。&&&&&&&&&&I don′t think you need worry. 我想你不必发愁。&&&&&&&&&&She dare not go out alone at night. 她晚上不敢一个人出去。 &&&&&&&& How dare you say I′m unfair? 你竟敢说我不公平? &&&&&&&& Not one of them dared mention this.他们谁也不敢提这件事。 (2)用作实义动词: 如:You don′t need to do it yourself. 你不必亲自做这件事。 &&&&&&& We need to tell them the news. 我们需要把这消息告诉他们。 &&&&&&& The table needs painting(to be painted.). 桌子需要油漆一下。 &&&&&&& We should dare to give our own opinion.我们要敢于提出自己的观点。 &&&&&&& He did not dare(to) look up. 他不敢抬头看。 &&&&&&& I dare day he′ll come again. 我想他会再来的。2、can和be able to:(1)情态动词can只有两种时态形式,现在式can和过去式could,而be able to有多种时态形式。 如:Mary can play the piano. She has been able to play it since she was 5. 玛丽会弹钢琴。她五岁起就会弹了。 (2)用在过去时中,could经常表示能够做某事,事实上不一定去做,而was∕were able to则表示“过去做成了某事”。在否定句中两者可通用。 如:He could swim across the English Channel. But he didn′t feel like it that day. &&&&&&& 他能游过英吉利海峡,但那天他不想游。 &&&&&&& Yesterday I was able to get home before the heavy rain. 昨天我在下大雨前赶到了家里。 3、must和have to:must表示主观意志,而have to表示由于客观因素不得不做某事。must没有过去式,除在间接引语中可用于表示过去时间,在直接引语中表示过去时间应该用had to代替。 如:I told her that she must give up smoking. 我叫她必须戒烟。 &&&&&&& We had to get everything ready that night. 我们那晚得把一切准备就绪。 4、would和used to:(1)usedto表示过去与现在或过去某时与后来的情况有不同,而would只表过去的情况。如:People used to think that the earth was flat. &过去人们认为地球是平的。(现在人们不这么认为。)&&&&&&& &She would go out for a walk in the morning when she was in the country. &&&&&&& 在乡下时,她总是在早晨去散会儿步。(可能现在仍有散步的习惯。) (2)used to可表示过去的习惯动作和经常的情况,而would只表示过去的习惯动作。 如:He used to∕would smoke while writing. 过去他写东西时常抽烟。 &&&&&&& She used to be fat. 她过去很胖。 情态动词的基本用法:1、can(could): 1)表示能力,could主要指过去时间。 如:Two eyes can see more than one. 两只眼比一只眼看得清。 &&&&&&& Could the girl read before she went to school? 这女孩上学前能识字吗? 2)表示可能(理论上或是逻辑判断上)。 如:The temperature can fall to–60℃, that is 60℃ below freezing. 气温可降至-60℃,也就是零下60℃。 &&&&&&& He can′t(couldn′t) have enough money for a new car. 他不可能有足够的钱买新车。&& &&&&&&& You mustn′t smoke while you′re walking around in the wood. You could start a fire.& &&&&&&& 在林子里走时勿吸烟,那样可能会引起火灾。 3)表示允许。 如:Can I have a look at your new pen? 我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗? &&&&&&& He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading-room. 他问他可不可以把书带出阅览室。 4)表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。 如:Where can(could) they have gone to? 他们会去哪儿了呢? &&&&&&& He can′t(couldn′t) be over sixty. 他不可能超过六十岁。 &&&&&&& How can you be so careless? 你怎么这么粗心? 5)比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。 如:Can(Could) you lend me a hand? 帮我一把好吗? &&&&&&& I′m afraid we couldn′t give you an answer today. 恐怕我们今天不能给你答复。 2、may(might): 1)表允许,might可以指过去时间,也可指现在时间,语气更委婉。 如:You may take what ever you like. 你喜欢什么就拿什么。 &&&&&&& He told me that I might smoke in the room. 他告诉我可以在房间里抽烟。 &&&&&&& May(Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗?在回答以may引起的问句时,多避免用这个词,而用其它方式:如:Yes, please./Certainly. /Please don′t./You′d better not./No, you mustn′t.等,以免显得太严峻或不客气。 2)表可能(事实上)。可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,但语气更加不肯定。 如:He may be at home. 他可能在家。 &&&&&&& She may not know about it. 她可能不知道这件事。 &&&&&&& He was afraid they might not agree with him. 他担心他们可能不同意他的意见。& 如:They might be having a meeting, but I′m not sure. 他们有可能在开会,不过我不肯定。 3、must:1)表示义务。意为“必须”(主观意志)。 如:We must do everything step by step. 我们一切都必须循序渐进地做。 &&&&&&& You mustn′t talk to her like that. 你不可能那样对她说话。 &&&&&&&& —Must we hand in our exercise-books now? 我们现在就要交练习本吗? &&&&&&&& —No, you needn′t./No, you don′t have to.不必。(这种情况下,一般不用mustn′t) 2)表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等,只用于肯定句。 如:He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他准是病了。他的脸色苍白。 如:She′s wearing a diamond necklace. She must have a lot o fmoney. 她戴着钻石项链,一定很有钱。 4、shall:1)表征询意见,用于第一、第三人称疑问句。 如:Shall I get you some tea? 我给你点茶好吗? &&&&&&& Shall the boy wait outside? 让那男孩在外面等吗? &&&&&&& What shall we do this evening? 我们今晚做什么? 2)表说话人的意愿,有“命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思,用于第二、第三人称陈述句。 如:You shall do as I say. 按我说的做。(命令) &&&&&&& You shall have my answer tomorrow. 你明天可以得到我的答复。(允诺) &&&&&&& He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you.有一天他会后悔的,我告诉你。(警告) 如:Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan.什么也不能阻止我们执行这项计划。(决心) 5、will:1)表意愿,用于各种人称陈述句。 如:I will do anything for you. 我愿为你做任何事。 &&&&&&& None is so blind as those who won′t see. 不愿看的人眼最瞎。 &&&&&&& If you will read the book, I′ll lend it to you. 如果你愿意读这本书,我会把它借给你。 2)表请求,用于疑问句。 如:Will you close the window? It′s a bit cold. 请你把窗户关上好吗?有点冷。 &&&&&&& Won′t you drink some more coffee? 再来一点咖啡好吗? 3)表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。 如:Fish will die out of water. 鱼离开水就不能活。&&&&&&& The door won′t open. 这门打不开。 &&&&&&& The boy will sit there hour after hour looking at the traffic go by.& &&&&&&& 那男孩常常坐在那里好几个钟点,看着车辆行人通过。 6、should:1)表义务。意为“应该”(某件事宜于做),用于各种人称。 如:You should be polite to your teachers. 你对老师应该有礼貌。 &&&&&&& You shouldn′t waste anytime. 你不应该浪费时间。 2)表推测,意为“想必一定、照说应该、估计”等。 如:The film should be very good as it is starring first-class actors. 这部新电影是一流演员主演的,估计拍得很好。&&&&&&& &&&&&&& They should be home by now. 照说他们现在应当已经到家了。 7、would:1)表意愿。 如:They would not let him in because he was poorly dressed. 他们不让他进去因为他衣着破旧。&&&&&&&&&I said I would do anything for you. 我说过我愿意为你做任何事。 2)表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。 如:Would you like another glass of beer? 再来杯啤酒好吗? &&&&&&& Would you mind cleaning the window? 请把窗户擦一下好吗? &&&&&&& They wouldn′t have anything against it. 他们不会有什么反对意见。 3)表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。 如:Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help. 她每遇到麻烦都会向她求助。8、ought to:1)表义务,意为“应该”(因责任、义务等该做),口气比should稍重。 如:You are his father. You ought to take care of him. 你是他父亲,应当管他。 &&&&&&& You oughtn′t to smoke so much. 你不应该抽这么多烟。 2)表推测,暗含很大的可能,语气较弱。 如:Han Mei ought to know his telephone number. 韩梅该知道他的电话号码。 &&&&&&& There′ it ought to be a fine day tomorrow. 今天有晚霞,明天应该是个好天。 9、used to:表示过去的习惯动作或状态,现在不复发生或存在。疑问式和否定式有两种。 如:He used to live in the countryside, but now he lives in the city. 他过去住在乡下,现在住在城里。 &&&&&&& There used to be a building at the street corner, but it has been pulled down. 街道拐角处过去有座楼房,现在拆了。 &&&&&&& I usedn′t (didn′t use) to smoke. 我过去不抽烟。 &&&&&&& Used you(Did you use) to go to school on foot? 你过去常步行去学校吗?情态动词的其他用法:首先它是动词,而且不同于行为动词,行为动词表示的是可以通过行为来表达的动作(如写,读,跑),而情态动词只是表达的一种想法(如能,也许,敢)。用法是:情态动词+行为动词原形:句:I can read this sentence in English. 我能用英语读这句话。情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语,只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。 如:We can be there on time tomorrow. 我们明天能按时去那儿。 &&&&&&& May I have your name? 我能知道你的名字吗? &&&&&&& Shall we begin now? 我们现在就开始吗? &&&&&&& You must obey the school rules. 你必须遵守校规。情态动词知识体系:
&情态动词表推测的三种句式: 1、在肯定句中一般用must(一定),may(可能),might/could(也许,或许)。如:He must/may/might know the answer to this question? 他一定/可能/也许知道这个问题的答案。&&&&&&&&&It is cold in the room. They must have turned off the heating. 屋里很冷,他们肯定把暖气关了。 2、否定句中用can't/couldn't (不可能), may not/might not(可能不)。如:It can't/couldn't be the headmaster. He has gone to America.& 这不可能是校长,他去美国了&&&&&&& He may not/might not know the scientist. 他也许不认识那位科学家。 3、疑问句中用can/could(能……?)。如:Could he have finished the task? 他可能把任务完成了吗?&&&&&&& Can he be at home now? 他现在能在家吗?注:以上三种句式中情态动词的语气按程度都是依次递减的。Might, could并非may, can的过去式,而表示语气较为委婉或可能性较小。情态动词表推测的三种时态:1、对将来情况的推测,用“情态动词+动词原形”。如:She must/may/might/could arrive before 5.& 5:00前她一定/可能/也许到。 &&&&&&& She must/may/might/could walk miles and miles among the hills without meeting anyone.&&&&&&& 她一定/可能/也许会在山里一连走好几英里而遇不到一个人。 2、对现在或一般情况的推测,用“情态动词+be”,“情态动词+bedoing”或“情态动词+动词原形”。如:He must/may/might/could be listening to the radio now. 他一定/可能/也许正在听收音机。&&&&&&& He can't(couldn't)/may(might) not be at home at this time. 这个时候他不可能/可能不在家。&&&&&&& Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How can(could) he be late for the opening ceremony? &&&&&&& 布什先生一向准时,这次开幕式他怎么可能迟到呢? 3、对过去情况的推测,用“情态动词+have+过去分词”。如:It must/may/might/ could have rained last night. The ground is wet. 地湿了,昨晚肯定/可能/也许下雨了。&&&&&&& The door was locked. He can(could) not/may(might) not have been at home. 门锁着,他不可能/可能不在家。&&&&&&& &&&&&&& Can/Could he have gotten the book?难道他找到书了吗?注:情态动词should/ought to表推测时,意为“想必会,理应……”但与“have+过去分词”连用时,则又可构成虚拟语气意为“本应该做某事却没做”。如:It's seven o'clock. Jack should/ought to be here at any moment. &&&&&&& 现在七点钟了,杰克理应随时到达。(推测)&&&& &&&&&&& She should/ought to have attended your birthday party, but she had to look after her mother in hospital.(虚拟)&&&&&&& 她本该出席你的生日晚会的,可是她得在医院照顾她妈妈。& &&&&&&& Tom should not/ought not to have told me your secret, but he meant no harm.(虚拟)&&&&&&& 汤姆本不该告诉我你的秘密,可是他并无恶意。
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