高中英语语法------定语从句
高中英语语法------定语从句
That is the
house where he lived ten years ago.
Those who help themselves helped by the God.
(3) There be
Such people as were
mentioned by him were honest.
This is the same bag as I lost yesterday.&&
This is the same bag that I lost yesterday.&
where = in (at, on…) +&&&&
why = for which.
We heard clearly every word _____he said.
This is the very book______ I want to find.
There is a book ______I want to buy very much!
This is no longer the dirty place _______it used to
There is a man _____ wants to see you very much!
It was a meeting _______ importance I did not realize at that
Let’s discuss such things ________we can talk of
That is the reason _________he is leaving so soon.
The reason ________he told me is not true.
B. this&& C.
B. who C. which
A. that&&&&&
C. which&& D.
that& &&&&&&&&&D.for
B. that&&&&
C. whom& D.
where, which&&&&
which, that&&
&&&&&&&&D.
that, that
whose&&&&&&&&
3.There was little which I could do for you.
5. Guilin is a city where has a history of 2000
7. I hope to get such a dictionary that he is using.
A. which&& B.
C. where&& D.
on when&&&
C. when&&&
D. on which
A. as&&&&&&
B. that&&&&&
C. which&&&&&
that&&&&&&
B. that&&&&
C. where&&&&&
which were&& D.
1) _____ we all know,
China, is rich in natural resources.
C. It&&&&&
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定语从句复习
The Restrictive Attributive Clause
定语从句 限制性定语从句
The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause
非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句的构成
The old lady who lives next to us sells books.
You should do all that I said.
I have found the teather whom I am looking for .
I visited the factory where my father works.
1.从句位置及语序:
先行词 之后,用陈述式语序
2.翻译方法:
先行词和关系词的关系
1.A plane is a machine that can fly.
the machine = that
2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.
the boy =who 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指
3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up
by his grandfather. the boy’s =whose
关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格
4.The school where I study is far from my home.
in the school = where
关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词
先行词和关系词的关系
Join the following sentences:
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
A plane is
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
A plane is
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The lady is Green. We saw her
yesterday.Who/that
yesterday is Green
关系代词的用法
关系代词在从句中可以：
何时可以省略？
做宾语时可以省略
关系代词的用法练习
1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday.
The eggs (that/which) I bought
them were not fresh.
2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night.
The friend who/ that
he came to supper last night was not hungry.
3.He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parent’s farm.
He prefers the cheese that / which it
comes from his parent’s farm.
4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them.
The noodles( which/ that )you cooked them were delicious.
5.I don’t like the people. They smoke a lot.
I don’t like the people that / who they smoke a lot.
关系副词和先行词的关系
I still remember the day when I came here.
on the day =when
This is the house where I lived last year.
in the house= where
There are many reasons why people like traveling.
for the reasons =why
关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词
几种易混的情况
1.I’ll never forget the days______________ we when /in which worked together.
2.I’ll never forget the days ___________ we which spent together.
3.I went to the place
where/ in which
I worked ten years ago.
4.I went to the place _____________ I which visited ten years ago.
5.This is the reason _____________________ he was late.why/ for which
6.This is the reason _____________________ he that/which gave.
Join the following pair of sentences.
The teacher praised the student. His English is
the best in our class.
The teacher praised the student whose English is
the best in our class.
whose =the student’s
关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格
Join the following pair of sentences.
The house is mine. The window of the house is
The house whose window is broken is mine.
whose=the house’s window
the window of which is broken
of which the window is broken
非限制性定语从句
Please compare:
Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.
Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.
The town where I live is beautiful.
Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.
分析两种定语从句省略后的结果
Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.
Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.
分析两种定语从句省略后的结果
The town where I live is beautiful.
Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.
限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确，
所以不能省略
非限制性定语从句和单句的比较
1.I am reading Harry Porter, which_____is an interesting book.
2.He failed in the exam._______This
made his parents angry.
3.He failed in the exam, _______madewhich
his parents angry.
4.He has two sons. Both of ________them
are teachers.
5.He has two sons, both of ________whom
are teachers.
as 引导的非限制性定语从句
The earth is round._____It
is known to all.
The earth is round,_____which is known to all.
is known to all, the earth is round
定语从句在句首时只能用as,
is known to all that the earth is round.
as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：
as you know/ as you see/as we planned/
as we expected
as 引导的非限制性定语从句 (1)
Please compare:
This is the same pen as I lost.
这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。
This is the same pen that I lost.
这本书就是我丢的那本。
as 引导的限制性定语从句 (2)
Please complete the following sentences and compare:
This is such an interesting book ____as
we all like.
This is so interesting a book _____as
we all like.
这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句)
This is such an interesting book ____wethat
all like it.
This is so
interesting a book ____wethat
all like it.
这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句)
介词+关系代词的情况 1
was a scientist.
which she lives in
is far away.
介词+关系代词的情况 2
Are these two sentences right?
was a scientist.to
that/which she lives
is far away.in
介词+关系代词的情况 3
Are these two sentences right?
who/whom×
was a scientist.
that/which×
is far away.
可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后
介词+关系代词的情况
下面两句中的介词能提前吗?
Is this the watch that you are looking for?
The old man whom I am looking after is better .
在固定短语中介词不能提前
介词+关系代词的情况
Do you like the book
on which she spent
Do you like the book
from which she paid
Do you like the book
about which
she learned
Do you like the book
through which
He built a telescope
study the skies.
§ 6. There is a tall tree outside,
under which
our teacher.
China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _______of which
is the Yellow River.
§ 8. The tower _______
people can have a good view from which
is on the hill.
§ 9. The man ________ I spoke on the phone last night to whom
is very good at wrestling.
§ 10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows,
most ______
hadn’t been cleaned for at least a of which
只能用that 做关系代词的情况
1.当先行词是不定代词时,如:
All ,few, little, much,
every, something,
anything, everything,
2.当先行词被the only, the very, the same,
little, few, no, any等修饰时
3.当人和物合做先行词时
4.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时
5.在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中
只能用which 做关系代词的情况
在非限制性定语从句中
在介词后面
that , which or who?
1.He did all / everything _______he could to help me.that
2.This is the very thing _______ I am after.that
3.We talked about the men and the things _______ that
we remembered at school.
4.He is the only man _______ can do the work.that
5.This is the first thing _______ I want to say.that
6.He is the finest man _______ I have ever worked that
7.Who is the man _______ spoke to you at the gate.that
8.Which is the star _______ is nearest to the earth.that
that , which ,whose, whom or who?
9.Is there anything else _______that
you want to say?
10.Any person _______that
has the money can join
the group.
11.He often speaks the role he played in the play,
which_______ made others upset.
12.He opened the door, in front of _______which
sat a boy.
13.The man to _______ whom I spoke is a famous scientist.
14.The boy _______whose mother is dead was brought up
by his father.
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