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＞＞＞I’ m sorry. I can’ t give you the telephone number withou..
I’ m sorry. I can’ t give you the telephone number without Mr. Smith’s______.(合肥市)A．permissionB．allowingC．agreementD．performance
题型：单选题难度：偏易来源：不详
A词义辨析。&& A.允许；许可 B. 允许，现在分词&& C.协议；同意&&& D. 性能；执行。句意：对不起。没有史密斯先生的允许我们不能给你这个电话号码。结合语境可知选A，选项B表示抽象动作。
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据魔方格专家权威分析，试题“I’ m sorry. I can’ t give you the telephone number withou..”主要考查你对&&名词，可数名词及其单复数，集合名词&&等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下：
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因为篇幅有限，只列出部分考点，详细请访问。
名词可数名词及其单复数集合名词
名词的概念：
名词(Nouns）是词性的一种，也是实词的一种，是指代人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词。名词可以独立成句。在短语或句子中通常可以用代词来替代。名词可以分为专有名词（ProperNouns）和普通名词(CommonNouns），普通名词又可分为不可数名词和可数名词两大类。 名词的数：
1、名词复数的构成方法：(1)在一般情况下，加词尾-s： book/books书 pen/pens钢笔 face/faces脸 (2)以s, x, z, sh, ch等结尾的名词，通常加词尾-es：bus/buses 公共汽车 box/boxes 盒子 dish/dishes 盘子注：有些以ch结尾的名词，由于其发音不是[k]而是[tf]，那么其复数形式应加词尾–s，如stomach/stomachs胃。 (3)以y结尾的名词，其复数构成要分两种情况：以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，将y改为ies；以“元音字母＋y”结尾的名词，直接加词尾s：city/cities 城市 boy/boys 男孩 key/keys 钥匙注：以y结尾的专有名词，若在某些特殊情况下需要复数，通常加s构成： Mary/Marys玛丽 Germany/Germanys德国 (4)以o结尾的名词，有些加词尾-s，有些加-es，有些加-s或-es均可： piano/pianos钢琴 tomato/tomatoes西红柿 zero/zero(e)s零 注：有人对英语中所有以o结尾的名词作了统计，一共近200个，其中绝大部分的复数形式通过加词尾-s构成，少数加词尾es。在中学英语范围内，加词尾es的主要有以下4个：tomato西红柿，potato土豆，hero英雄，Negro黑人 (5)以f或fe结尾的名词，也有两种可能：即有些直接加词尾-s，有些则把f/fe改为ves： chief/chiefs首领 roof/roofs屋顶 knife/knives小刀&注：在中学英语范围内，要改f/fe为ves的只有以下10个词(它们都是日常生活中的常用词)：wife 妻子，life 生命，knife 小刀，leaf 树叶，thief 贼，half 一半，self 自己，shelf 架子，loaf 面包，wolf 狼。&& 另外，中学英语中的handkerchief(手帕)一词的复数有两种形式：handkerchiefs/handkerchieves，但在现代英语中，以用handkerchiefs为多见。
2、单数与复数同形式的名词：中学英语中主要的有：sheep绵羊，fish鱼，deer鹿，Chinese中国人，Japanese日本人，Portuguese葡萄牙人，Swiss瑞士人，aircraft飞行器，means方法，series系列，head(牛等的)头数，works工厂，等。注：fish有时也用fishes这样的复数形式，尤其表示种类时；head若不是牲口的“头数”，而是表示“人的头”或“人数”，则要用heads这样的复数形式。
3、不规则的复数名词：有的名词单数变复数时，没有一定的规则：man/men男人 woman/women女人 child/children小孩 tooth/teeth牙齿 foot/feet脚 goose/geese鹅 mouse/mice老鼠 ox/oxen公牛注：(1)一些以man,woman结尾的合成词，在构成复数与man,woman的变化形式相同，如：policeman/policemen警察，gentleman/gentlemen绅士，Englishman/Englishmen英国人，等等。但是human(人)，German(德国人)不是合成词，其复数不能仿man的变化规律，而是按规则变化，即用humans,Germans。&(2)foot表示“英尺”时，其复数可以有两种形式feet/foot，如：He is about six feet/foottall. 他大约6英尺高。 名词可数性的三个易错点：&(1)根据汉语习惯将英语的物质名词误认为是可数名词。如：汉语中的“面包”，一般认为是可数的，可以说“一个面包”、“两个面包”等，但英语中的bread却通常是不可数的，不能相应地用a bread，two breads表示以上意思。不过有趣的是，loaf 表示“面包”却又是可数的，可说a loaf, two loaves。 (2)想当然地判断名词的可数性。如：有的学生认为news (消息)和paper (纸)都不可数，于是便想当然地认为 newspaper (报纸)就一定不可数，但事实上，newspaper却是可数名词；又如：有的同学认为 tear (眼泪)即“泪水”，并将其与water(水)相联系，认为tear 是不可数的，但事实上，tear却是可数的。&(3)受名词一词多义的影响。有的名词不止一个意思，且用于不同意思时，其可数性也有不同，不要形成思维思势。如：aim表示“目的”时是可数名词，表示“瞄准”时是不可数名词；又如 experience表示“经验”时不可数，表示“经历”时则可数；再如:fortune，当它表示“运气”时，不可数(=luck)，当它表示“命运”时，可数，当它表示“财产”时，不可数，但可与a连用。
可数与不可数名词的常用修饰语： (1)修饰可数名词的常用修饰语有：these, those, few, a few, many, a good[great] many, agreat[good]number of 等。注：a good[great]many后直接跟名词，没有介词of。&(2)修饰可数名词的常用修饰语有：this, that, a few, a little, a bit of, much, no, a great deal of 等。&(3)有些修饰语既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词：all, some, enough, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large amount of, a large quantity of等。&(4)有些名词形式上是复数，但却被用作不可数名词，使用much, little等修饰语：He hasn't got much brains.他没什么头脑。 He took much pains to do the work. 他费了不少心做这工作。&I said I wouldn't want much wages. 我说过我不要很多工资。It's high time you were taught a little manners.该是你学一点礼貌的时候了。
单位词与不可数名词数量表示法：单位词是表示事物个体性的词语，不可数名词通常没有复数形式，也不可以用个数计算，要表示不可数名词的个体性需借助单位词： a piece of paper一张纸 a piece of advice一条建议a piece of news一条消息 an article of furniture一件家具 a cake of soap一块香皂 a slice of meat一块a cup of tea一杯茶 a bottle of ink一瓶墨水& 注：不要按汉语习惯在不该用单位词的地方错用单位词，如“一张邮票”只能说a stamp，而不能说a piece of stamp。名词的可数性：
1、名词根据其可数性，可分为可数名词与不可数名词。一般说来，个体名词和大部分集合名词是可数的；而专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词以及少部分集合名词则通常是不可数的。但是这种区分只是大致的，原则性的，并不是绝对的。英语有些名词往往既是可数也可以是不可数的。 A：Would you like a cake? 要吃块蛋糕吗? B：No, I don't like cake.不吃，我不喜欢吃蛋糕。以上第一句用a cake，这是把cake视为一块一块的“蛋糕”，所以它是可数的；而第二句只用cake，这是把它当作物质名词看待，所以它成了不可数名词。
2、不同类别名词的可数性。 (1)专有名词的可数性。在通常情况下，专有名词具有“独一无二”的含义，因此它通常没有复数形式，即不可数。但是，专有名词的独一无二性通常是相对的，随着范围的扩大，这种独一无二性便会受到破坏。如在一个星期(week)内，只有一个星期六(Saturday)，一个星期日(Sunday)等，但是在一个月中甚至一年中，便有多个星期六，多个星期日了。所以我们有时可以说：We have spent many happy Sundays there. 我们在那儿度过了许多个愉快的星期日。又如，在一个小范围内，可能只有一个Henry，但在一个较大的范围内则可能有多个Henry，因此我们有时会见到这样的句子：There are five Henrys in our school. 我们学校有五个亨利。另外，若专有名词转化成了普通名词，也可以是可数的：Thousands of LeiFengs have emerged in China.中国涌现出了千千万万个雷锋。 (2)个体名词的可数性。个体名词表示的是一个一个的人或物的个体，所以它通常是可数的。 (3)物质名词的可数性。由于物质名词在通常情况下不能分为个体，所以它通常是不可数的。但是，在某些特殊情况下(如表示种类等)，有些物质名词也可以连用不定冠词或用复数形式： wine酒(不可数)，a wine一种酒(可数)， beer啤酒(不可数)，two beers两杯啤酒(可数)&，glass玻璃(不可数)，some glasses一些玻璃杯(可数) (4)抽象名词的可数性。抽象名词是表示事物性质、行为、状态、感情等抽象概念的，因此它通常是不可数的。但是，有时抽象名词也可转化为具体名词(可数)，表示具有某种性质的人或事物：success成功(不可数)，asuccess成功的人或事(可数) ，pleasure愉快(不可数)，apleasure令人愉快的人或事(可数) (5)集合名词的可数性。集合名词表示若干个体组成的集合体，它本身通常是可数的，其复数形式表示多个集合体：a family一个家庭，three families三个家庭 a team一个队，two teams两个队 a crowd一群人，crowds多群人名词知识体系：
&特殊名词的复数形式：
1、复合名词的复数形式。通常是将其主要名词变为复数：passer-by/passers-by 过路人 shoe-maker/shoe-makers 鞋匠&& looker-on/lookers-on 旁观者 on-looker/on-lookers 旁观者 father-in-law/fathers-in-law 岳父 若没有主要名词，则通常在最后一个词加s：go-between/go-betweens中间人，媒人 know-all/know-alls 万事通注：由man/woman用于另一名词前构成的合成名词，两者均变为复数：man doctor/men doctors男医生&& woman writer/women writers 女作家 2、字母、文字、数字、符号等的复数形式。原则上加词尾-'s： There are two i's in the word"skiing". skiing.这个词里有两个字母i。 如：Mind your p's and q's. 要谨言慎行。&&&&&&&& All the–'s should be changed to+'s. 所有的正号应改为负号。注：若不至于发生混淆，也可只加词尾s。如：He was born in the 1930(')s. 他出生在20世纪30年代。 &&&&&&& Your 3(')s look like 8(')s. 你写的3看起来像似8。 3、度量衡单位的缩写词的复数形式。一般不加词尾-s： m(meter, meters)米 km(kilometer, kilometers)千米 kg(kilogramme, kilogrammes)千克 cm(centimeter, centimeters)厘米；有的缩写词也加s：hr(hours)/hrs(hours)小时 No(number)/Nos(Numbers)号码；有个别缩写词采用重复最后一个字母的方式构成复数形式：p.10(page10)第10页 pp.10(pages10through15)第10至15页 可数名词：
是指能以数目来计算，可以分成个体的人或东西；因此它有复数形式，当它的复数形式在句子中作主语时，句子的谓语也应用复数形式。&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 可数名词复数的规则变化：&
1.清辅音后读/s/; 2.浊辅音和元音后读/z/;&
map-maps bag-bags car-cars
以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词
bus-buses watch-watches
以ce,se,ze,(d)ge等结尾 的词　
license-licenses
以辅音字母+y结尾的词　　
变y 为i再加es
baby-babies另外： 1）以y 结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数：　 如：two Marys　the Henrys&&&&& monkey---monkeys　holiday---holidays　　 比较：层楼：storey---storeys　 story---stories 2）以o 结尾的名词，变复数时： a. 加s，如： photo---photos　　piano---pianos&b. 加es，如：potato--potatoes　tomato--tomatoes c. 均可，如：zero---zeros / zeroes　 3）以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时： a. 加s，如： belief---beliefs　roof---roofs&& safe---safes　 gulf---gulfs； b. 去f, fe 加ves，如：half---halves　knife---knives　leaf---leaves　wolf---wolves& wife---wives　life---lives　thief---thieves； c. 均可，如：handkerchief:& handkerchiefs / handkerchieves 可数名词复数的不规则变化： 1）child---children　foot---feet　 tooth---teeth&& mouse---mice　 man---men　woman---women　& 注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。& 如：an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。 2）单复同形　如： deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin　 但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如: && a dollar,　 a meter, two meters 3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。 如：staff& people　police　cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说a staff& a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说a person，a policeman，a head of cattle, the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，&the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。& 如：The Chinese are industries and brave.　中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。 4）以s 结尾，仍为单数的名词，如： a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。 b. news 是不可数名词。 c. the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。 The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。 d. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。 　"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. 　&&一千零一夜&&是一本非常有趣的故事书。 5) 表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses (眼镜)　trousers,　clothes&； 若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair(对，双);　suit(套); two pairs of trousers 6）另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼 复合名词的复数形式： && 名词作定语名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。 1）用复数作定语。 如：sports meeting 运动会& students reading-room 学生阅览室　& talks table 谈判桌　&&& the foreign languages department 外语系 2）man, woman, gentleman等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。 如：men workers　　women teachers　gentlemen officials 3）有些原有s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留。 如：goods train (货车)& arms produce　武器生产 customs papers 海关文件 clothes brush衣刷 4）数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。 如：two-dozen eggs　两打/（二十四个鸡蛋)& a ten-mile walk 十里路　 two-hundred trees 两百棵树&&&&&&&&&&& a five-year plan　一个五年计划　　&可数名词单复数知识体系：
&不同国籍人的单复数：
集合名词定义：
（英语：Collective noun）是语言学上的一个专有名词，意指一种可用来指称一群对象的词，而这些对象，可以是人、动物、或是一群概念等事物。 例如：family (家庭)，& cattle (牛, 牲畜)，& goods (货物)，&baggage/luggage (行李)， hair (头发, 毛发)， fruit (水果) 集合名词用法特点：
(1) family (家庭)，team (队)，class (班)，audience (听众)等，其用法特点为：若视为整体，表示单数意义；若考虑其个体成员，表示复数意义。比较：This class consists of 45 pupils. 这个班由45个学生组成。 &&&&&&&&&&& This class are studying English now. 这个班的学生在学习英语。 (2) cattle (牛，牲畜)，people (人)，police (警察)等，其用法特点为：只有单数形式,但却表示复数意义，用作主语时谓语用复数；不与a(n)连用，但可与the连用(表示总括意义和特指)。如：People will laugh at you. 人们会笑你的。 &&&&&&& The police are looking for him. 警察在找他。 &&&&&&& For these many cattle were killed. 就因为这个原因宰了不少牲畜。注：表示牲畜的头数，用单位词head (单复数同形)。如：three head of cattle 3头牛，&&&&&&& twenty (head of) cattle 20头牛。 (3) goods(货物), clothes(衣服)等，其用法特点是：只有复数形式(当然也表示复数意义，用作主语时谓语也用复数)，但通常不与数词连用。如：Such clothes are very expensive. 那样的衣服很贵。 &&&&&&& To whom do these goods belong? 这些书是谁的？ (4) baggage/luggage (行李), clothing (衣服), furniture (家具), machinery (机器), poetry (诗), scenery (风景), jewelry (珠宝)，equipment (设备)等，其用法特点为：是不可数名词，只用单数形式，不用不定冠词(当然更不能用数词)，没有复数形式。如：Our clothing protects us from[against] the cold. 我们的衣服可以御寒。 &&&&&&& Have you checked all your baggage? 你所有行李都托运了吗? 特别提醒：machinery, poetry, jewelry, scenery& 相应的个体可数名词是machine, poem, jewel, scene。如：a poem/a piece of poetry 一首诗，many machines/ much machinery/ many pieces of machinery 许多机器。几个特殊的集合名词：
① hair (头发，毛发)：指全部头发或毛发时，为集合名词(不可数)；指几根头发或毛发时，为个体名词(可数)。如：My hair has grown very long. 我的头发已长得很长了。 &&&&&&& The police found two hairs there. 警察在那儿找到了两根头发。 ② mankind (人类)：是一个不可数的集合名词，不用复数形式，也不连用冠词。如：This is an invention that benefits mankind. 这是一项造福人类的发明。 &&&&&&& Mankind has its own problems. 人类有自己的问题。特别提醒：mankind表示“人(类)”时，虽不可数，但有时却可以表示复数意义，尤其是当其表语是复数时。如：Mankind are intelligent animals. 人是理智的动物。 ③ fruit(水果)：作为集合名词，它通常是不可数的。如：He doesn't not eat much fruit. 他不大吃水果。 &&&&&&& He is growing fruit in the country. 他在农村种水果。但是，当要表示种类时，它可视为可数名词，即afruit指一种水果，fruits指多种水果。体会： Some fruits have thick skins. 有些水果皮很厚。 &&&&&&&&&&&&& The potato is a vegetable, not a&fruit. 土豆是一种蔬菜，而不是一种水果。
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July 6, :25 PM PDT
Will Smith's box-office superpowers remain intact.
Smith's "Hancock" - the story of a boozing, foul-mouthed superhero who dresses like a street bum - led the Fourth of July weekend with a $66 million debut, according to studio estimates Sunday.
That raised the total for Sony's "Hancock" to $107.3 million since it opened Tuesday night to get a jump on the holiday.
It was a familiar place for Smith, one of Hollywood's most-consistent draws. "Hancock" is his fifth movie to open at No. 1 over the Fourth of July. The others were "Men in Black" and its sequel, "Independence Day" and "Wild Wild West."
"Will Smith, Mom, apple pie and the Fourth of July. It doesn't get any better," said Rory Bruer, head of distribution for Sony. "People just so relate to him and the characters that he plays. They totally embraced it as something different, something fresh."
The previous weekend's top flick, the Disney-Pixar animated tale "WALL-E," slipped to second place with $33.4 million. Its 10-day total is $128.1 million.
Overall business slipped for the first time in a month. The top 12 movies pulled in $158.7 million, down 4 percent from the Fourth of July weekend last year, when "Transformers" opened at No. 1 with $70.5 million, according to box-office tracker Media By Numbers.
Revenues this summer are at $2.22 billion, about 2 percent ahead of Hollywood's record pace in 2007, when summer revenues topped $4 billion for the first time.
"Hancock" co-stars Jason Bateman as a public-relations man who tries to give an image-makeover to Smith's cranky character. Charlize Theron plays Bateman's wife, who has her own reasons for wanting the superhero to stay out of her life.
It was the second-best opening weekend for Smith, following last December's "I Am Legend" at $77.2 million, and was his eighth-straight movie to open at No. 1.
"`Hancock' did not get great reviews, but it doesn't matter. A guy like Will Smith is arguably the most-bankable star in the world," said Paul Dergarabedian, president of Media By Numbers. "He's utterly likable and he's real, and that permeates from the screen to the audience."
Overseas, "Hancock" pulled in an additional $78 million in 50 other countries.
Estimated ticket sales for Friday through Sunday at U.S. and Canadian theaters, according to Media By Numbers LLC. Final figures will be released Monday.
1. "Hancock," $66 million.
2. "WALL-E," $33.4 million.
3. "Wanted," $20.6 million.
4. "Get Smart," $11.1 million.
5. "Kung Fu Panda," $7.5 million.
6. "The Incredible Hulk," $5 million.
7. "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull," $3.9 million.
8. "Kit Kittredge: An American Girl," $3.6 million.
9. "Sex and the City," $2.3 million.
10. "You Don't Mess With the Zohan," $2 million.
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人教版八年级英语上册导学案(全册)
泸县五中?自主探究学案&&Unit 1八年级上 英语Where did you go on vacation? 班级 姓名 英语 组Section A 1a―1c 内容： unit1 Where did you go on vacation? 课时： 1 课时 编写人： 审核人： 【学习目标】 1、学会谈论过去发生的事件―学习一般过去时的用法 2、掌握规则动词的变换规则 3、熟记一些常用的不规则动词 【学习重点、难点】 1.复习一般过去时态的构成及用法； 2.进一步学习一般过去时态针对地点的提问及回答； 【学法指导】编号： 主编： 初 2014 级 审批人；1、能向小组成员用英语介绍生活中的日常活动，如：stay at home , go to the beach, do my home work, watch TV, visit my uncle, go to New York, etc. 2、运用一般过去时谈论过去的一天或一次旅行。 3.不规则动词过去式的归类记忆 【教学过程】 一、 导入（启发探究 3 分钟） StepA、试一试你能写出下列各词的过去式吗？ stay_________ do_________ stop_________play_________ is_________ go_______ buy_______ have _______ like_________ visit_________ are_________ carry_________ StepB、快乐译一译 stay at home_________ go to summer camp_________ go to New York city______ go to the mountains_________ visit my uncle_________ go to the beach_________ visit museums _______ Step C、考考你的迁移能力 1. Lucy usually______to school early. But today she ______to school late. (go) 2 一 What___________you__________(do) on your vacation last year? --CWe___________(play) on the beach. 3.I______ (call) you just now. But there_______ (be) no answer. 4.Where __________you(study) at home las night? 一 No, I__________(help)my mother__________(clean) the room. 5. The students of Class One go to see the old woman __________ (one) a month. Step D、 answer the questions: How was your summer vacation ? Where did you go on vacation? Who did you go there with ? What did you do there ?1泸县五中?自主探究学案&&八年级上 英语二、自学（自主探究 6 分钟） Step 1c 师生、生生操练 Where did you go on vacation? I went to New York City. Did you go out with anyone? No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation. Did you buy anything special? Yes, I bought something for my father. How was the food? Everything tasted really good. Did everyone have a good time? Oh，yes. Everything was excellent. 三、交流（合作探究 10 分钟） Step 1a Reciting 1.Read the phrases and know their meanings. stay at home_________ go to summer camp_________ go to New York city______ go to the mountains_________ visit my uncle_________ go to the beach_________ visit museums _______ 2.finish the task:match the activities with the pictures. 3.check the answers. 4. students read and remember the phrases. Step 1b Listening 1.students read the names. 2. students guess their activities. 3. finish the task: 4. check the answers. 5. students read and know the mmeaning of this passage. 四、总结（引深探究 15 分钟） I、语法：一般过去时态的运用 1.带有确定的过去时间状语时，要用过去时 如： two days ago…、 last year in the old days just now when I was 8 years old yesterday Did you have a party yesterday？ 2 表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时 这种情况下，往往没有表示过去的时间状语，而通过上下文来表示。 The boy opened his eyes for a moment，looked at the captain，and then died. 那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就去世了。 3 表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作 常与 always， never 等连用。 Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。 及时练习：用 be 动词的适当形式填空 ①I _______ at school just now. ② He ________ at the camp last week. ③ We ________ students two years ago. ④They ________ on the farm a moment ago.2泸县五中?自主探究学案&&八年级上 英语⑤Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year. ⑥ There _______ an apple on the plate yesterday. ⑦There _______ some milk in the fridge on Sunday. ⑧The mobile phone _____ on the sofa yesterday evening. II、词语运用 ―Where did he go on vacation?他去哪儿度假的？ ―He stayed at home.他呆在家里。 stay at home“呆在家里”是一固定短语，类似的还有： stay in bed“卧床” ， be at home“在家” ， be at school“在上学” ， be at work“在工作”等等。 五、练评（包含“考点链接” 应用探究 6 分钟） I. 用动词的适当形式填空： 1.Tom and Mary ___________ (come) to China last month. 2.Mike _____(not go) to bed until 12 o‘clock last night. So I_____(get ) up late. 3.Mary __________ (read) English yesterday morning. 4.There _________ (be) no one here a moment ago. 5.I ___________ (call) Mike this morning. 6.I listened but ___________ (hear) nothing. 7.Tom ___________ (begin) to learn Chinese last year. 8.Last week we _________ (pick) many apples on the farm. 9.My mother ________________ (not do) housework yesterday. 10.She watches TV every evening. But she ______ (not watch) TV last night. 用括号内动词的正确形式填空 Last year Mr. Smith _____ (go ) to China and Japan. He _____ (have) a wonderful time. He _____ (do) a lot of different things and _____ (talk) to a great number of different people. He _____ (eat) Chinese and Japanese food and _____ (visit) a lot of interesting places. When he _____ (go) back to England, he _____ (be) very tired. 【总结反思】 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?Section A 2a―2c 【学习目标】 1、一般过去时的特殊疑问句及答语。 Where did you/he/she/they go on vacation? She went to the beach. 【学习重点、难点】 重点疑点：一般过去时的用法，利用情景思维在理解句意的基础上理解词汇的用法，记忆重点词汇，句 型和语法内容。 【学法指导】3泸县五中?自主探究学案&&1、在谈论过去发生的事件时，动词应用 2、一般问句记两点，一句首加 【教学过程】 ， 。八年级上 英语，二动词变一、导入（启发探究 3 分钟） I 写出下列动词的过去式。 （1）draw ___________ （2）swim _____________ （3）study __________ （4）bring _____________ （5）begin __________ （6）learn ______________ （7）get ____________ （8）sleep _____________ （9）lie（躺）_______ （10）enjoy ____________ II、按要求变换句型： 1. I saw a lot of children ____________ on the playground.（正在打篮球） 2. Yesterday we went to the park. We had a great time there.（改成近义句） Yesterday we went to the park. We _________ _________ there. 3. I paid 20 yuan for the new book. （改成近义句） I _______ __________ _________ ______ the new book. 4. My family and I visited some places of interest.（变成疑问句） _____________________________________________ 5. We did our homework.（变成否定句） _______________________________________________ III、快乐译一译 go with someone_________ go out with someone _______ go to New York city______ buy something special_________ meet someone interesting_________ study for________ do something interesting _________ go to central park________ 二、自学（自主探究 6 分钟） A、猜一猜 Where did I go on vacation? 请运用你学过的所有活动的名称。 同学们可这样猜：Did you go to…. ? B、列下你去过的一些地方，询问同伴是否去过完成下列表格。 Name Did you…… Yes, I did No, I didn‘tC、看以上信息，向同学们汇报同伴去过或没去过的地方。 D 引导学生做如下练习 Grace ,where did you go last vacation ? I went to the New York City. Oh ,really. Did you go with anyone ? Yes ,I went there with my mother. 三、交流（合作探究 10 分钟） Step 2a listening4泸县五中?自主探究学案&&Look at the pictrue, which people went on vacation? Who are they ?where did they go ? Finish the task. Check the answers. Step 2b listening八年级上 英语Look at the form, read the words and know their meanings. go with someone_________ go out with someone _______ go to New York city______ buy something special_________ meet someone interesting_________ study for________ do something interesting _________ go to central park________ what did people do on their vacation? Finish the task. Check the answers. Step 2C reading Students listen and repeat the conversation,and know the Chinese. Students read the conversation aloud. 四、总结（引深探究 15 分钟） 下面是 Anna 去海滩度假的情况表，请根据表的内容回答问题。 Place Weather Activity Food Sun Beach Sunny Have a swim Seafood A: Hi, Tina! 1 ? B: Fine, thanks. A: Where did you go, Tina? B: 2 . A How was the weather there? B. 3 . A: What did you do there? B: 4 . A: Did you have any fish? B: 5 五、练评（包含“考点链接” 应用探究 6 分钟） I 单项选择。 1. I found a small boy _________ in the corner. A. cries B. to cry C. cried D. crying 2. We had great fun _________ in the water. A. playing B. plays C. played D. to play 3. I didn‘t have any money for a taxi ______ I walked back to the hotel. A. but B. or C. so D. and 4. We had Sichuan food _________ dinner. A. at B. for C. in D. with 5. He often helps me _________ English. A. study B. studying C. studied D. studies 6. Wednesday is the _________ day of the week. A. third B. fourth C. second D. fifth 7. Peter _________ olives.5泸县五中?自主探究学案&&八年级上 英语A. like B. don‘t like C. doesn‘t likes D. doesn‘t like 8. DHow _________ the weather? DIt was sunny. A. is B. are C. was D. were 9. DThere is a new supermarket, isn‘t there? D_________. A. Yes, it is B. Yes, they are C. Yes, there is D. Yes, there are 10. _________ I go to school by bike. A. On every day B. Everyday C. On everyday D. Every day II、选择答语 ( )1. How was your vacation? ( )2. How was the weather yesterday? ( )3. How did you spend the weekend? ( )4. How are your parents? ( )5. How is the work going? ( )6. How much are the vegetables? ( )7. How can I get there? ( )8. How many people are there on Tian‘an Men Square? A. It was great. B. Three dollars. C. I think there are about twenty thousand people. D. Very humid and hot. E. I went to the beach with my parents. F. You can take a No. 24 bus. G. It is going very well. H. Fine. Thank you. 【教学反思】Unit 1 【学习目标】Where did you go on vacation?Section A 2d 1、学习掌握有关复合不定代词和副词的用法； 2、继续学习 Where 的特殊疑问句及回答； 【学习重点难点】 1、学习掌握有关复合不定代词和副词的用法； 2、运用 Where 的特殊疑问句及回答编写对话 【学法指导】 读对话---理解对话---编写对话----实际运用 【教学过程】 一、导入（启发探究 3 分钟） 一） 、熟记下列短语并翻译6泸县五中?自主探究学案&&八年级上 英语1. somewhere interesting __________2. feed some hens __________ 3. buy something for my father___________ 4.照相__________ 5. seem to be bored __________ 6. Go out with someone___________ 7. buy something special __________ 8 写日记__________ 9.大部分的猪_______________________ 10.去度假____________________ 二）、一般过去时态检测 Dear bill, How was your vacation? Did you do _________ interesting? Did ________ in the family go with you? I went to a friend‘s farm in the countryside with my family. _________was great. We fed some hens and saw some baby pigs. They were so cute! The only problem was that there was ______ much to do in the evening but read. Still ___________ seemed to be bored. Byefor now! Mark 三） 、引导学生做如下练习 Grace ,where did you go last vacation ? I went to the New York City. Oh ,really. Did you go with anyone ? Yes ,I went there with my mother. 二、自学（自主探究 6 分钟） Task1：小组成员看图画，猜测人物去过的地方及感受。 Task2：小组自学课文的生词并尝试听写部分生词。 Task3：小组长带领组员正确朗读课文，注意语音语调。 Task3：小组长带领组员翻译课文，并勾画短语。 Long time no see be on vacaton Go to …with my family Go somewhere interesting Huangguoshu waterfall Quite a few read and relax Do something special Most of the time Stay at home stay at home to V Last month last year Task4: 小组成员分角色朗读对话。并在全班表演对话。 Task5: 背诵对话。 三、交流（合作探究 10 分钟） 英语中的动词分类 要学好 English，理解掌握动词的意义和作用非常重要。 首先，动词有第三人称单数、原形、过去式、过去分词、现在分词、不定式等不同的形式变化， 用法上各司其职。另外动词家族通常也划分成四个类别。 （1）行为动词。多表示动作、行为，有及物与不及物动词（vt 与 vi）之分，其作用特征是能够独立 充当谓语。如： We played happily. （vi）They are playing tennis.（vt） （2）连系动词。表 示事物的特征、状态变化的过程等。可组成一类句子，名叫“主+系+表” ，可将 其归为三类。7泸县五中?自主探究学案&&八年级上 英语①表示状态的，如 be（是） ，seem, stay, keep 等。如： We are in Grade 7. ②表示对事物的分析过程，可译为“??起来” 。像 feel, look, sound（听起来） ，smell（闻起来） ， taste（尝起来）等。如： The meat tastes good. ③表示变化的，有“变得”之意。如：become, turn, grow, get, go, come 等。如：Soon the man grew angry. （3）助动词。常用的有 do, be, have/ has, will/ shall 等词，它们无词义，要依靠主要动词，在句中起的 作用是： ①帮助构成疑问句。如：Does he live in a big city? ②帮助构成否定关系。如：We do not go to school on Sunday. ③表示时态关系。如： We are studying English. ④表示语态关系。如：The e-mail was written by him. （4）情态动词。这类动词另有一定的词义，但也要依赖于主要的动词而存在，它们没有人称及数的变 化，它们是 can, may, must, need, ought to, dare, had better 等。如： As a student, I must work hard. 四、总结（引深探究 15 分钟）合成不定代词和不定副词的构成及其用法1. 构成：由 some, any, no, every 分别加上-body, -thing, -one 构成的不定代词叫做合成不 定代词；加上-where 构成副词。 2. 用法： （1）合成不定代词在句中可以作主语，宾语或表语等。 Nobody will listen to him. He wants something to eat. （2）不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。 There is nothing wrong with the TV. Everybody likes to be free. （3）some-不定代词，通常用于肯定句中；any-不定代词则多用于否定句、疑问句和条件 状语从句中。但 some-可用于表请求、邀请、预料对方会作肯定回答时的疑问句中。 Someone called on her last week. There isn’t anyone else there. Is anybody over there? Could you give me something to eat? （4）形容词修饰不定代词时，通常要放在不定代词之后。 There is something wrong with your eyes. （5）somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere 用作副词。 Trees turn green and flowers come out everywhere. 肯定句 somebody=someone something somewhere某人否定句某物某地anybody= anyone nobody= no oneanything nothing /^/8anywhere nowherenot any=no否定意义 （没有）泸县五中?自主探究学案&& everybody=everyon e每人巩固练习：用不定代词或不定副词填空： 1. I can‘t hear anything = I can hear _________. 2. There is __________ on the floor. Please pick it up. 3. Did _____ go to play basketball with you ? 4. I phoned you last night, but ________ answered it. 5. I don‘t think ___________ telephoned. 6. Why don‘t you ask _________ to help you ? 7. If you want __________ , please let me know. 8. Shall we get _________ to drink ? 9. Don‘t worry. There‘s ______ wrong with your ears. 10. There‘s __________ in the box. It‘s empty.八年级上 英语 everything每样东西everywhere每个地方 （ 到处）11. Maybe __________ put my pencil _________. I can‘t find it ___________. 五、练评（包含“考点链接” 应用探究 6 分钟） 用所给词的正确形式填空。 1. Did you have fun __________（talk）with me? 2. My mother usually goes __________（shop）on Saturday afternoon. 3. She __________ __________ （not have）any time for the housework yesterday. 4. All my __________（teacher）are friendly to us __________（student）. 5. Look at the sky. Can you find the bird __________（fly）there? 6. Listen! It __________ __________（rain）again. 7. Is it time for us __________ __________（have）an exam? Thursday July 28th Today I‘ll go 1 our hometown. We 2 a great time here, in Hainan Province（省）. The 3 was a little hot. Every day I 4 to the beaches to play in the water. It made me 5 a bit cool. I also 6 Wanquan River（万泉河）. It was amazing. Five days ago, I went to Sanya by 7 . Although it 8 crowded, my bus trip was full of joy. I 9 myself in the beautiful scenery（风光） 10 the bus. There were many visitor visiting “Tianya Haijiao”, I spent all day there. （ ）1. A. on B. back C. back to D. to （ ）2. A. have B. had C. were D. spent （ ）3. A. weather B. water C. sky D. food （ ）4. A. go B. walk C. walks D. went （ ）5. A. feel B. was C. have D. to fell （ ）6. A. swam B. played C. visited D. looked （ ）7. A. plane B. train C. bike D. bus （ ）8. A. is B. was C. were D. had （ ）9. A. lost B. spent C. enjoyed D. thought （ ）10. A. in B. on C. outside D. with9泸县五中?自主探究学案&&【教学反思】八年级上 英语Unit 1Where did you go on vacation? Section A 3a―3c【学习目标】 1、词汇：不定代词 2、学习巩固复合不定代词的用法 【学习重点、难点】 复合不定代词的用法 【学法指导】 1、复习 some\any\evry\no 的用法 2、学习复合不定代词的用法 【教学过程】 一、导入（启发探究 3 分钟） 小组学习本页上的单词 1、拼读单词；2、记忆单词含义；3、成员单词朗读过关抽查 something ['s?mθ??] pron.某事物； nothing(=not…anything) ['n?θ??] pron.没有什么 n.没有 myself[ma?'self] pron.我自己 everyone ['evriw?n] pron.每人；人人 yourself [j??'self] pron.你自己；你亲自 hen [hen] n.母鸡；雌禽 bored [b??d] adj.无聊的；厌烦的；郁闷的 pig n.猪 diary ['da??ri] n.日记；日记簿(keep a diary) seem [si?m] vi.似乎；好像 someone ['s?mw?n] pron.某人；有人 quite a few 相当多；不少（后接可数名词） of course [?v k??s] 当然 二、自学（自主探究 6 分钟） 小组学习下列语法句子： Where did you go on vacation? I went to New York City. Did you go out with anyone? No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation. Did you buy anything special? Yes, I bought something for my father. How was the food? Everything tasted really good. Did everyone have a good time? Oh，yes. Everything was excellent. 三、交流（合作探究 10 分钟） Step 3a 1 .read the eords in the box,and know their meanings10泸县五中?自主探究学案&&2.read the conversation and finish the task. 3.check the answers. 4.read the conversation aloud by the students. 5.underline some phrases: Something fun\interesting\boring How did you like it? Of course . buy sth. for Something I like \he likes\we do \you eat Step 3b 1 .read the words in the box,and know their meanings 2.read the passage and finish the task. 3.check the answers. 4.read the passage aloud by the students. 5.underline some phrases: 家中某个人 朋友的农场 喂鸡 似乎 有很多要做的事情 Step 3c 1 .read the words in the box,and know their meanings 2.make conversations in pairs. 3.act out the conversations. 4. underline some phrases: 在乡村 看见仔猪 再见八年级上 英语5.词语辨析： 1)、anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是不定副词。 anywhere 在任何地方 ， 常用于否定句和疑问句中。I can‘t find it anywhere. somewhere 在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。 I lost my key somewhere near here. 2). seem + 形容词 看起来….. You seem happy today. seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a cold I seems / seemed + 从句 看起来好像…；似乎…. It seems that no one believe you. seem like ….好像，似乎….. It seems like a god idea. 3)、too many 太多，后接可数名词复数： Mother bought too many eggs yesterday. too much 太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。 We have too much work to do. Don‘t talk too much. much too 太，修饰形容词或副词。 The hat is much too big for me. You‘re walking much too fast. 分辨三者的口诀： too much, much too, 用法区别看后头： much 后接不可数， too 后修饰形或副。 too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。 四、总结（引深探究 15 分钟） 复合不定代词用法大盘点11泸县五中?自主探究学案&&八年级上 英语复合不定代词是由 some-，any-，no-，every-加上-one，-body，-thing 等所组成的不定代词。复合不定 代词包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等十二个。这些复合代词具有名词性质，在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语，但不能 用作定语。使用时注意以下几点： 一、复合不定代词的指代对象 1、含-body 和-one 的复合代词只用来指人，含-body 的复合不定代词与含-one 的复合不定代词在功能和 意义上完全相同，可以互换。只是用-body 时显得较通俗些，多用于口语中，用-one 时显得较文雅些， 更常见于正式场合及书面语中。如： Someone/Somebody is crying in the next room.有人在隔壁房间哭。 No one/Nobody is stupid. 没有谁是愚蠢的。 2、含-thing 的复合不定代词只用来指事物。如： Are you going to buy anything?你会去买东西吗？ I can hear nothing but your vioce. 我只听到了你的声音。 二、复合不定代词的数 1、复合不定代词都具有单数的含义，因此通常被看成是单数第三人称。当它们充当句子的主语时，其 后的谓语动词用单数形式。如： Is everyone here today? 今天，大家都到齐了吗？ Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。 2、当要对一群人讲话时，可使用以复合不定代词作主语的祈使句，句中的动词用原形。如： Nobody move！= Don‘ anybody move！ 都别动！ Everyone lie down! 统统趴下！ 三、复合不定代词的定语 复合不定代词的定语必须后置，即放在复合不定代词的后面。如： Can you tell something interesting? 你能讲些有趣的事情吗？ Is there anybody important here? 这儿有大人物吗？ Would you like something to eat? 要来些吃的东西吗？ 四、含 some-和 any-的复合不定代词间的用法区别 由 some-和 any-所构成的复合不定代词（即 something 和 anything；someone 和 anyone；somebody 和 anybody）之间的区别跟 some 和 any 的区别一样。 1、something，someone，somebody 通常用于肯定句中，而 anything，anyone，anybody 一般用于否定句， 疑问句或条件状语从句中。如： He found something strange but interesting.他发现了一些奇怪但却有趣的事情。 Do you have anything to say ？你有话要说吗？ I can‘t meet anybody on the island. 在岛上，我没遇见任何人。 2、在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句，和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句，以及表 示反问的问句中，也用 something，someone，somebody 等复合不定代词。如: Would you like something to eat？要些吃的东西吗？ Isn‘t there something wrong with you? 难道你没问题吗？ 及时练：用 anyone ,something, anything, everything, nothing, everyone , no one 填空。 1. Linda: Did you do ____________ fun on your bacation, Alice? Alice: Yes, I did. I went to Sanya. Linda: How did you like it? Alice: Well, it was my first time there, so __________ was really interesting.12泸县五中?自主探究学案&&八年级上 英语Linda: Did you go with ___________? Alice: Yes, I did. I went with my sister. Linda: Did you go shopping? Alice: Of course! I bought _________ for my parents. But __________ for myself. Linda: Why didn‘t you buy __________for yourself. Alice: I didn‘t really see___________ I liked. 五、练评（包含“考点链接” 应用探究 6 分钟） 用所给动词的正确形式填空。 Last August, our class_________(do) something very special on our school trip. We __________(go) to mount Tai. We_________(start) our trip at 12:00 at night. Everyone in our class_________(take) a bag with some food and water. After three hours, someone looked at the map and _________(find) out we __________(be ,not) anywhere near the top. My legs ________(be) so tired that I wanted to stop. My classmates_________(tell) me to keep going, so I _________(go) on. At 5:00 a.m., we got to the top! Everyone _________(jump) up and down in excitement. Twenty minutes later, the sun ________(start) to come up. It was so beautiful that we ________(forget) about the last five hours!【教学反思】Unit 1 【学习目标】Where did you go on vacation? Section B 1a―1e1、学习掌握有关评价事物的形容词：delicious, expensine,inexpensive, crowded. 2、能运用 be+形容词来评价事物，如：The people were friendly. 3、熟练地谈论表示过去发生的事件――学习一般过去时的用法. 【学习重点难点】 1、能运用 be+形容词来评价事物，如：The people were friendly. 2、熟练地谈论表示过去发生的事件――学习一般过去时的用法 【学法指导】 1、联系刚过去的暑假，通过对话表演方式大胆张口，敢于用英语进行交际。 2、听力策略：A、回忆在练习对话中所用到的形容词。 B、必须在听力之前掌握一定量的形容词。 【教学过程】 一、导入（启发探究 3 分钟） 1、朗读 2d 课文，复习对话 2、用方框中所给词填空。 .relaxing, interesting, boring, fantastic, unfriendly, beautiful, awful, pretty 1.---How was the film?--- It was ________, I don‘t like it. 2.---How was your trip?13泸县五中?自主探究学案&&八年级上 英语--- It was _________ and I had a good time. 3. The story is ________, I like it very much. 4. The people on the island(岛) are _________ to us. 5. She wears a __________ coat. 6. The food in this restaurant is _____, I wouldn‘t like to eat it. 7.--- How were the beaches? --- They were _________, I went there on vacation last month. 8.--- How it it going?--- It ?s ________ good. 二、自学（自主探究 6 分钟） StepA 1、利用头脑风暴，说出学过的描述性形容词。 2、介绍描述性形容词的用法。 3、把所学过的形容词进行罗列并板书在黑板上并分成两大类 4、朗读 1a 中的形容词并造句。 5、完成 1b 的任务，将 1a 中的形容词分类。 Step B listening 1、朗读 1c、1d 中的句子，明确其含义。 2、听磁带，完成 1c、1d 的任务 3、检查答案。 4、听磁带跟读听力材料。 5、学生自读听力材料。 三、交流（合作探究 10 分钟） 用疑问词填空 1、A： was the weather? B：It was sunny. 2、A： did you go on vacation? B：I went to Beijing. 3、A did you do on vacation? B：I played teenis on vacation. 4、A： did you go? B：I went there on Monday. 四、总结（引深探究 15 分钟） What did these people think of their vacations? 这些人对他们的假期有什么看法？ 此句用于询问某人对某次活动，某事情或某物的看法。句型为“What…think of…?‖ 可以与“How … do/does/did sb. like…?‖互换。其中“think of”意为“认为” 。本句可变为 How ________ these people __________ their vacation?引申练习A14泸县五中?自主探究学案&&八年级上 英语A: 36 B: I went to Hangzhou, China. A: Oh, great. 37 B: It was great. I had a good time. A: 38 B: It was very warm. You don‘t need to take much heavy clothing. A: 39 B: They were great, and not expensive. A: Did you enjoy the food there? B: Yes, They were great, delicious and cheap. B A: What did you do on vacation? B: 40 A: Xi‘an? What did you do there? B: 41 A: Great! Did you have fun? B: Yes, Very much. A: I visited Xinjiang. B: 43 五、练评（包含“考点链接” 应用探究 6 分钟） Form sentences.组句 (请注意大小写和标点符号)。 1.did,where,you,go,on vacation 2.went,the mountains,I,to 3.New York City,they,went to 4.Vera,like,vacation,her,did 5.playing,we,great,had,fun,in the waves42Last week，the teacher told us that there were many old things in the museum. So we decided to go and see them. Yesterday we went there on foot because the museum was not far from our school，and the weather was warm. The sun was shining. We walked down Zhong shan Road and turned left at the second crossing (十 字路口). We found it on the left. It was between a bookshop and a library. Many people were there， but most of them were students. When the guide explained (讲解)， we listened carefully. There we learned a lot. 根据短文内容，判断句子正(T)误(F) ( )1. The teacher told them about the museum yesterday. ( )2. It was a sunny day when they went to visit the museum. ( )3. They went to the museum on foot. ( )4. The museum was far from their school. ( )5. Most of the visitors were students.【教学反思】15泸县五中?自主探究学案&&八年级上 英语Unit 1 【学习目标】 1、掌握本课的生词、短语、句型 2、理解本课的主旨大意Where did you go on vacation? Section B 2a―2e3、对本课的内容进行归纳、对话改写、及仿写。 【学习重点难点】 1、学会用过去式写旅游日记。 2、掌握本课的生词、短语、句型 3、对本课的内容进行归纳、对话改写、及仿写。 【学法指导】 1、 仔细阅读课文---理解课文大意----重点句子理解----完成相关任务。 【教学过程】 一、导入（启发探究 3 分钟） A 依照例句写句子 例句:He went to the Central Park. 1) He didn‘t go to the Central Park. 2) Did he go to the Central Park? Yes，he did. /No，he didn‘t. 1、I went somewhere interesting. 否定：______________________________________ 一般疑问句并回答_________________________________________________ ____________________________ 2、She bought something for her father. 否定：______________________________________ 一般疑问句并回答_________________________________________________ ____________________________ 3、We fed some hens and saw some baby pigs. 否定：______________________________________ 一般疑问句并回答_________________________________________________ ____________________________ 4、He took a bag with food and water. 否定：______________________________________ 一般疑问句并回答_________________________________________________ ____________________________ 5、They forgot about the last five hours. 否定：______________________________________ 一般疑问句并回答_________________________________________________ ____________________________ B discussing What do people usually do on vacation?16泸县五中?自主探究学案&&What activities do you find enjoyable?八年级上 英语二、自学（自主探究 6 分钟） Task1：听 2b 磁带，体会语音、语调、句群停顿，理解段落的汉语意义。 Task2：小组合作，较好的事物画圈，不好的事物画下划线。 Task3：小组讨论核对答案。 Task4：仔细阅读课文，小组讨论并回答下列问题。 1.How was the weather on July 15th / July16th ? 2.Where did she go on July 15th / July16th /? 3.What did she do on the 2 days? 4.How were her 2 days on the vacation? 三、交流（合作探究 10 分钟） 1、仔细阅读 2b 课文，注意模仿语音、语调、句群停顿 2、仔细阅读 2b 课文，勾画记忆课文短语 1. fFeel like\feel like doing 2. Chinese train from 1ooyears ago 3. in the past 4. wait for 5. because of 5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方 到达某地 6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力做某事 8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 9. want to do sth. 想去做某事 10. start doing sth. 开始做某事 四、总结（引深探究 15 分钟） 仔细阅读课文，完成 2c 1、仔细阅读 2b 课文，注意模仿语音、语调、句群停顿 2、在原文中找出 2c 的句子 3、根据要求完成 2c 4、检查答案 5、拓展 1）Decide 在此处为实意动词，意为“决定” ，常构成短语 decide to do sth. 相当于 decide on doing sth. 和 make a decision to do sth.:决定做某事.它的否定为：decide not to do sth. 2）start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始，可与 begin 互换 。He started doing his homework. 但以下几种情况不能用 begin . 创办，开办： He started a new bllkshop last month. 机器开动： I can‘t start my car. 出发，动身： I will start tomorrow morning. 3）because of 介词短语，因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。 He can‘t take a walk because of the rain. because 连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。 I don‘t buy the shirt because it was too expensive. 6、练习17泸县五中?自主探究学案&&八年级上 英语（ ）1. There _____ a football match on TV yesterday evening. A. have B. had C. is D. was （ ）2. --Where did you _____ on your vacation? --We _____ to New York City. A. go, went B. went, go C. goes, went D. go, go （ ）3. He ____ someone playing Kongfu on the square yesterday afternoon. A. see B. saw C. sees D. to see （ ）4. How about ____ some dumplings? A. make B. making C. made D. to make （ ）5. He _______ to New York two hours ago. A. flied B. flies C. flew D. flying （ ）6. --Where did you go ______ vacation last year? --I went to the zoo to see animals. They are cute. A. at B. for C. on D. with （ ）7. She had much fun ______ on the playground. A. plays B. played C. play D. playing （ ）8. Jim decided ______ to the Mount Wutai last month. A. go B. to go C. going D. went （ ）9. ---_____ was your vacation?--- It ______ fantastic. A. How, was B. What, were C. What, was D. How, were 五、练评（包含“考点链接” 仔细阅读课文 2b，完成 2d\2e 1、仔细阅读 2b 课文，注意模仿语音、语调、句群停顿 2、对原文仔细认真理解 3、根据要求完成 2 d 4、检查 2 d 答案 5、大声朗读 2d，尽量做到快速、流利，语音、语调、句群停顿正确。 6、对原文仔细认真理解后进行简写 2e。 7、检查 2e 答案 【教学反思】 应用探究 6 分钟）Unit 1 【学习目标】Where did you go on vacation? Section B 3a―selfcheck1、正确使用描述性形容词描述过去的旅游经历。 2、正确运用一般过去时态的特殊疑问句:where how who what 【学习重点难点】 1、正确使用描述性形容词描述过去的旅游经历。 2、正确运用一般过去时态的特殊疑问句:where how who what18泸县五中?自主探究学案&&【学法指导】八年级上 英语阅读课文---理解课文-----讨论课文----仿写课文----表达经历过的事情 【教学过程】 一、导入（启发探究 3 分钟） I、连线并朗读句子。 1. She went A. stayed at school. 2. They didn‘t B. any money for bus. 3. We cleaned C. to summer camp. 4. The students D. go to New York City. 5. Bill didn‘t have E. the streets. 6. He was F. very tired. II、用所给词的适当形式填空。 A: Where did you ________ (go) on vacation. B: I ________ (go) to New York City. A: Oh, really? ________ you go to Central Park? B: Yes, _________ _________ . It _________ (be) really nice. A: What about _________(your), Kevin? C: I went to the beach. A: Oh, that _______ (be) nice. _______(do) you play volleyball? C: No, ________(me) didn‘t. A: Well, did you ________ (swim) ? B: Yes, I ________(do). The water ________ (be) really warm III、用括号内词的适当形式填空： 1. She _________(not visit) her aunt last weekend. She ________ (stay) at home and _________(do) some cleaning. 2. When _____ you _________(write) this song? I ______(write) it last year. 3. Carol___________(study) for the math test and __________(practice) English last night. 4. :________ Mr. Li __________(do) the project on Monday morning? :Yes, he _________. 5. :How _________(be) Jim's weekend? :It _________(be not) bad. 二、自学（自主探究 6 分钟） 1、写成下列动词的过去式（个别动词可以查工具书） ： 1、play __________2.ask___________ 3. like ___________ 4、jump__________ 5.help________ 6.study __________ 7. am/is __________ 8.are ________9. do ___________ 10、have _________ 11. put _______12.cut ___________ 13. read _______14 get ___________ 15. sit ____________ 16. eat __________17. buy __________ 18. go ___________ 19. let __________20.run ___________ 21. see ___________ 22. say ___________ 23.begin ________ 24、come _________ 25.forget _________ 2、自学 3a 仔细观察三幅图画，用描述性形容词说出图画给你的感受；19泸县五中?自主探究学案&&朗读左下框的描述性形容词，并明确其含义； 朗读文段并选词填空； 检查答案； 再次大声朗读文段。 三、交流（合作探究 10 分钟） 小组学习 3b：八年级上 英语联系自己的暑假旅游实际，成员互相对 8 个问题进行提问与回答； 完整写出自己的回答，注意时态正确； 加上连接词使这 8 个句子成为一段文章 加上标题。工整抄写在 3c 处。 四、总结（引深探究 15 分钟） Where did you go on vacation? I went to New York City. Did you go out with anyone? No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation. Did you buy anything special? Yes, I bought something for my father. How was the food? Everything tasted really good. Did everyone have a good time? Oh，yes. Everything was excellent. 基本句式 1.她为她最好的朋友买了些东西吗? _________she ________ __________ for her _________ _________? 2.我妈妈和我决定去坐火车。 My mother and I _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ 3.上周一，天气又热又潮。 The weather _________ _________ _________ _________ last Monday . 4.这个城市从山顶上看很棒。 The city _________ _________ from _________ _________ _________ _________ _________. 5.一小时后，我们停下来喝了些茶。 One _________ _________ , we _________ and _________ some tea. 五、练评（包含“考点链接” 应用探究 6 分钟） I 组句。 （注意大小写和标点符号） 1. your, vacation, how, was _________________________________________________? 2. with, family, my, I, to, went, Tokyo __________________________________________________. 3. you, what, did, there, do ___________________________________________________? 4. went, to, we, a lot of, museums _____________________________________________________. 5. the people, friendly, were, really ______________________________________________________. 6. love, she, food, Japanese ______________________________________________________.20泸县五中?自主探究学案&&八年级上 英语II、用所给词的正确形式填空： It was sunny and hot all day on Monday. We went to a beautiful beach. We _________(have) great fun _________ (play) in the water. In the afternoon, we went __________(shop), but the shops __________(be) crowded，so we didn‘t enjoy it. On Tuesday, we went to a museum. I found a boy __________(cry) in the corner. He was lost and I helped him _________(find) his father. This _________(make ) me__________(feel) happy. I didn‘t have money for a taxi, so I walked back to the hotel. On Wednesday, the weather ____________(be) cool, so we decided __________(play) tennis. It was really fun. III、完成 selfcheck 【总结反思】【课题】Unit2 How often do you exercise? Section A 1a-1c （1） （1 课时）泸 县 五 中 自 主 探 究 学 案班级 姓名内容： unit1 How often do you exercise? 课时： 1 课时 编号： 主编： 初 2014 级 英语 组 编写人： 审核人： 审批人； 【学习目标】 1.识记周末活动的词汇和 6 个频度副词（always, usually, often , sometimes , hardly ever ,never） 。 2.运用周末活动的词汇、频度副词及一般现在时简单谈论周末活动情况。 【重点，难点】 1.对 6 个频度副词细微差异的理解及使用。 2.弄清一般现在时在不同人称下动词形式及提问的变化。 【导学指导】 知识链接： 问：什么情况下使用一般现在时？ 答：简单讲，当动作经常、反复发生，表达习惯、爱好、客观规律和现在的状态 时需使用一般现在时。 问：一般现在时的基本结构是什么？ 动词原形（当主语不是第三人称单数） 答：主语+ 动词的第三人称单数形式（当主语是第三人称单数时） 问：什么是动词的第三人称单数？什么又是主语的第三人称单数？ 答：变一个动词为其第三人称单数和变一个名词为其复数形式的规则大致一致，具体情况如下表： 1.直接加“s” 。 love―loves take―takes 2.以辅音字母加“y”结尾的动 3.以“s、x、sh、ch”结尾 词，去“y”变“i”加“es” 。 的加“es” 。 study―studies try―tries fly―flies fix―fixes teach―teaches wash―washes 4.特殊记。 go―goes；do―does； have―has而主语的第三人称单数形式是指除了“you(你)、I（我） ”以外的所有单个的人或物或者不可数的事物。 自主互助学习 一、自学： 1.仔细观察课本第一页图片，根据所给例子填写下列空格。 What is the girl in Picture a doing? 例:Picture a(图 a): shop21泸县五中?自主探究学案&&She is shopping. Picture b:_______ a book What is the girl in Picture b doing? ______________________________八年级上 英语Picture d:________ ______ ________________________________? ________________________________. Picture e:________ _______ _______________________________? ________________________________.Picture c:________ ________________________________? ________________________________. 2.根据汉语提示，完成下列其他 weekend activity (周末活动)短语 。 去购物_______________; 去钓鱼_______________; 去徒步旅行_______________;去看电影 ______________;去踩滑板_______________;去滑冰________________;去游泳__________________; 打 篮球__________________; 弹钢琴______________;看望外祖父母__________________；为考试学习 ______________; 帮父母做家务__________。 二、展示交流 1.小组内交流自主互助学习成果。 2.老师以男女或大组等形式通过问答形式交流自学 1;通过提问式与学生交流自学 2。 （自主互助学习当中 的 1 和 2） 三、合作探究 1.将下列频度副词与其对应的汉语意思及星级数匹配在一起。 hardly ever 经常 ★★★★★ usually 通常 ★★★★ sometimes 总是 ★★★ never 有时候 ★★ always 从不，决不 ★ often 几乎不 ☆（no star） 2.小组交流学习成果并讨论下列按频率高低顺序排列的表达是否正确(正确写Ｔ， 错误写Ｆ)？若不正确， 给出正确表达。 always＞often＞usually＞sometimes＞hardly ever＞never．＿＿＿＿ ______＞＿＿＿＿＿＿＞＿＿＿＿＿＞＿＿＿＿＿＿＞＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＞＿＿＿＿． ３．师生交流学习、讨论结果。 4．熟读、识记频度副词。老师可指定 6 位同学代表 6 个不同的词，并要求他们在黑板前站成一排，要 求学生 “点名” ， 后打乱顺序要求学生快速 “点名” 。 也可给 6 位学生 6 个词的卡片， 要求下边学生猜词。 5．学生弄清 1b 题意后，老师播放录音。 （在学生读题过程中，老师务必要根据实际情况提供帮助。 ） 【课堂练习】 一、英汉互译。 看书________________; 锻炼身体__________________; 去踩滑板________________;总是 _______________; 通常____________________; 经常______________________; on weekends_________; how often_______________; hardly ever _________;sometimes___________; never____________________; go to the movies_______________; 二、根据 Model Conversation, 与搭挡 make conversation(制作对话)。 Model Conversation: They Liu Xiang22go shopping exercise★★★★★ ★★★★泸县五中?自主探究学案&&A:What do they do on weekends? B:They always go shopping. Mr. Zhang his son Lin Dan Tiger Woods八年级上 英语visit his parents study for a test play basketball study for a test ★★★ ★★ ★ ☆【要点归纳】 1．一般现在时的使用。 2．Weekend activity 短语和频度副词。 【拓展练习】 1. I often ___________(exercise) ,but my sister never ____________(exercise).(用正确形式填空) 2. I exercise three times a day.(变为否定句) I __________ _________ three times a day 3. She exercises twice a week.(变为一般疑问句)__________ _________exercise twice a week? 4. I play the trumpet on weekends.(用 he 改写句子) He ________ ________ _________ on weekends? 【总结反思】 【课题】 Unit2 How often do you exercise Section A 2a-2c? （2） （1 课时） 【学习目标】 1.识记更多活动的词汇和具体频度副词短语 ，如：once a week（一个星期一次） 。 2.运用更多活动的词汇、6 个频度副词、不同的具体频度副词短语及一般现在时谈论生活学习中从事什 么（what）活动及其频率（how often） 。 【重点，难点】 1.据自身情况灵活使用两种不同类型的副词。 2.据课文中所给具体频度副词短语创造新的具体频度副词短语。 3.弄清一般现在时在不同人称下动词形式及提问的变化。 【导学指导】 温故知新： 1.口译上节课所学的相关周末活动词汇及两种频度副词（可请一位学生提问其对应汉语，其他同学回 答） 。 2.朗读上一篇导学案中的词汇练习中的词汇。 知识链接： 一、将一个句子变为否定句的三个步骤：1、在要求变为否定句的句子中寻找 be 动词 am、is、are、was、 were，若有其中某个的话，在其后边加 not 即可（也可将其两个词缩写：is not=isn‘t；are not=aren‘t； was not=wasn‘t； were not=weren‘t） 。2、若在要求变为否定句的句子中找不到 am、is、are、was、were， 就在其中寻找情态动词 can、may、must、should、will、would、could、shall 等，若有其中某个的话， 就在其后加 not 即可（也可根据需要将其缩写：can not=can‘t,must not=mustn‘t, will not=won‘t） 。3、若在 要求变为否定句的句子也找不到情态动词，就借助助动词 do、does、did，第三人称单数借助 does，不 是第三人称单数借助 do，一般过去时借助 did，并在其后加 not（分别可缩写成 don‘t、doesn‘t、didn‘t） 后边的动词打回原形。 例 1：He is a teacher.(变否定句)He is not a teacher. 或 He isn‘t a teacher. 例 2：They can dance.（变否定句）They can not dance.或 They can‘t dance. 例 3：Jim likes pets. (变否定句)Jim does not like pets.或 Jim doesn‘t like pets.注意：例 3 中 likes→like，即 动词由第三人称单数形式打回为动词原形。 二、将一个句子变为一般疑问句也有三个步骤，且类似变否定句的规则。即：将找到的 be 动词或情态23泸县五中?自主探究学案&&八年级上 英语动词提到句首，末尾加问号，若没有 be 动词或情态动词，同样的方法借助 do、does、did，并将其提到 句首，动词打回原形，末尾加问号。注意：遇到 some 变 any，并根据语境更改相应的人称和物主代词。 请将例 1、例 2、例 3 变为一般疑问句： 例 1_______________________.例 2__________________________.例 3______________________. 三、特殊疑问句的变法：通常对划线部分提问的过程就是变这个句子为特殊疑问句的过程。基本结构： 特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句 原则上划什么就用什么特殊疑问词。例如：划时间就用 when，划原因就 用 why，划方式就用 how，划频率就用 how often。 例 4：She exercises twice a week.(对划线部分提问) How often does she exercise? 特殊疑问词 一般疑问句 练习：Jim likes pets.(对划线部分提问)_______ ________ Jim like? 自主学习： 浏览 2a、2c 图表，翻译下列词语。 1.具体频度副词短语：一个星期一次______________ ; 一个月两次___________ ;每天________;一个月 三次____________________; 一个星期五次____________; 2.相关活动的词语：锻炼身体__________; 去看电影____________; 买东西__________________; 上网， 网上冲浪____________________; 看电视____________; 看英语书____________________;最喜爱 的节目____________________; 动物世界_________________。 听力。 1.浏览 2a、2b 题目，弄清题意。 （老师核对前可前后桌讨论学习结果） 2.听录音，按要求完成 2a、2b。 3.前后桌核对答案；老师核对答案并根据需要重复录音。 三、对话练习。 1.浏览 2c 题目要求，弄清题意。 （前后桌讨论所学题意；老师核对） 2.据自己情况使用频度副词填写表格。 3.朗读右边 Model Conversation（对话范例） 4.Pair Work（两人据所填信息制作对话） 。 5.Pair Work Show(展示对话)。 【课堂练习】 一、口译“自主学习一”所列词汇。 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.Do you know Zhang Yining？Her ______（one）name is Yining and she surfs the Internet ______(one) a week. 2.If we read English books ______(two) a week, we can learn English well. 3-How often _______(do) your sister exercise? -Every day. -What about your brother? -He ________(exercise) four times a week. 4. CCan you understand me? -Sorry, I ____ (hard)hear you clearly(清楚地). 【要点归纳】 能使用 what、how、频度副词和相关活动词汇谈论自己所从事不同活动的种类和频率。 【拓展练习】 1.He watches TV twice a week .(画线提问)_____ _____ _____ he watch TV?24泸县五中?自主探究学案&&八年级上 英语2. Jack does his homework every day .(改为否定句) Jack _____ _____ his homework every day . 3.He is talking to his father .(用 usually 改写句子)He _______ _____ to his father. 4. My father often reads newspaper after supper .(画线提问) _____ _____ _____ father often ______ after supper? 【总结反思】【课题】 Unit2 How often do you exercise?Section A 3a-4 （3） （1 课时） 【学习目标】 1.识记并准确运用 all、most、some 和 no 四个词。 2.学会利用图表快速获取信息，提升阅读和说的能力。 3.识记并学会使用承上启下的词语和句子以提升写作的水平。 【重点，难点】 灵活使用、创造承上启下的句子以提升写作水平。 【导学指导】 温故知新： 1.共同罗列两种频度副词。 2.大声朗读 Grammar Focus 的句子。 知识链接： 1.某些表示方向、地点的副词或介词短语 in 、out 、up 、down 、there 、here、 in front of 等位于句 首且主语是名词时句子需要完全倒装，若主语是代词，句子部分倒装 如：Here comes the bus.（名词） (完全倒装). 正常句序：The bus comes here. There he（代词）comes. (部分倒装) 正常句序： He comes here. 2.练习：Here _____(be) the result. Here _____ (be) the results. 3.思考：倒装句中谓语动词的数的变化要注意什么？ 自主学习： 1.浏览课本第 3 页中 3 右边绿色小图表， 并利用当中对 all, most, some 和 no 的界定和左边图表所给信息 填写下边文章中的横线。 （老师利用横线 1 所给词解释如何利用两个表格信息填写完横线 1。 ） 2.前后桌讨论自学结果。 3.老师核对答案并针对学生提出的疑问给予帮助。 4.只看图表信息用英语依次描述不同活动的情况。 如： 第 2 列第 2 格中的 “15%” 根据图表描述成： Some students exercise every day. 其它格依此类推。 （老师根据情况做必要说明） 5.全班一起只看图表信息用英语描述这个调查结果。 6.阅读图表下边文章并划出上述描述中没有说过的短语或句子。 7.同老师核对答案。 8.回答文章中多用了这些句子或短语的好处是什么。 9.翻译并朗读下列词组： 这里是……的结果________________; 一个星期三到四次_____________________;是非常积极的 ______________________;说到，至于___________________;对于……的结果 ____________________。 【课堂练习】 使用自主学习中 9 所罗列的短语及下列表格中的信息描述下边的调查结果。 Panjiang High school: Activity survey25泸县五中?自主探究学案&&Activity Surf the Internet Play badminton (打 羽毛球) Eat vegetables Once or Twice a Week 95％ 20％ 40％八年级上 英语Four or Five Times a Week. 5％ 75％ 60％ Every Day 0％ 5％ 0％【要点归纳】 All, most, some 和 no 的使用；使用哪些词可以让一篇文章中不同的信息连贯自然且条理清楚；倒装中 谓语动词的数的变化需注意什么及相关 act 不同词的使用。 【拓展练习】 一、根据句意和首字母提示完成下列句子。 1. Sandy doesn't like badminton, so she s______ plays badminton. 2. You should not a______ eat noodles for supper. You should try other food. 3. Eddie is very lazy and he never e______ 4. 51％-99％ means m_______; 1％-50％ means s______; 0％ means n_____; 100％ means a______ 5 . ____ (many) of the students in the class are boys, only a few are girls. 6.We must be ________(activity) in the sports meeting. 7. They go shopping_____ (two) a week. 8. I like the p___________ on CCTV-5 9. We should do eye e________ every day 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. If (如果)you are an _______(act) person and take part in（参加）lots of school _________(act), you can learn_______(act)lessons and be an _________(act) or _______(act) when you are older. 2. In front of the door ________(stand) a child. 3.He brushes his teeth ______ (two) a day. 4.This movie is very ______（interest） 三、选择填空。 1.―How often do you exercise? ―______. A. Sometimes B. Three hours C. At three o'clock D. In two hours 2. Tom likes to play______ football but Jim likes to play______ piano. A. a, a B. the, he C. the,/ D./,the 3.―______ does your mother go for a walk？ ―Every afternoon. A、How long B、How often C、How much D、How many 4.― Would you like some bread? ―______, I'm full.（饱了） A. No, thanks. B. Yes, please. C. No, I don't like it. D. Yes, I would. 【总结反思】 【课题】 Unit2 How often do you exercise? Section B 1a-2c（4） （1 课时） 【学习目标】 1.识记并准确运用课文中相关饮食的词。 2.学会询问和回答别人饮食、锻炼的频率、休息的时间及选择不同频率的理由。 3.提升自己的听力能力。 【重点，难点】 重点：识记相关饮食的词汇；谈论饮食、锻炼的频率、休息时间。 难点：提