while当而时可否放在行尸走肉第二句句句首

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M9U1othercountries,otherculturesPeriod4Grammarandusage---ByZhangAnzhongTeachingobjectives:TooverviewtheclausesandtheusageImportantanddifficultpoints:Howtouseclausescorrectly.Teachingprocedures:Step1.RevisionWhataresubordinateclausesWhenanumberofideasarecombinedinonesentence,someideasaremoreimportantthanothers.Wecanusesubordinateclausestoexpresslessimportantideas.Thesecanbedividedintothreekinds:adverbial,nounorattributiveclauses.Step2.GrammarandUsageWhatareadverbialclauses?Adverbialclausescanexpresstime,place,manner,contract,condition,reason,purposeorresult.Theyareintroducedbyconjunctionsthatindicatethemeaningsoftheclause,e.g.,when,where,how,although,if,since,because,inorderthat,sothatCompletethefollowingwithproperconjunctions:AsIdidn’tknowtheway,Iaskedapoliceman.Ifitsnowstomorrow,wewillbuildasnowman.Hedidn’tgotoschooluntilhewaseleven.Wearrivedearly,sothatwegotgoodseats.WeintendtogoU.S.,evenifairfaresareexpensive.Difficultpointsas,when,while的区别1.____thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.(MET90) A.With
D.As2.Ihadjuststeppedoutofthebathroomandwasbusilydryingmyselfwithatowel_________Iheardthesteps.(湖南卷)A.while
D.after3.-I'mgoingtothepostoffice.________you'rethere,canyougetmesomestamps?(NMET99)A.As
D.Ifas,when,while都表示主、从句的动作或状态同时发生,但三者意义不尽相同。as和when引导的从句既可表示一点时间,也可表示一段时间,从句中的谓语动词既可以是持续性动词,也可以为短暂性动词,经常可以互换使用;while引导的从句通常表示一段时间,从句中宜用持续性动词作谓语。当从句中的谓语动词为持续性动词时,这三者可以通用.如:MotherwasworriedbecauselittleAlicewasill,especiallyas/when/whilefatherwasawayinFrance.妈妈担心,因为小艾丽思病了,特别是当父亲远在法国的时候。如果从句和主句要表示一个人的两个动作交替进行或同时完成时,则多用as,可译为“一边......,一边......”。例如:Helookedbehindfromtotimeashewent.他一边走,一边不时地往后看。Ithoughtofitjustasyouopenedyourmouth.你一张嘴我就知道你要说什么。(若表示两个短促动作几乎同时发生时,用as的场合多于when.)当主从句之间表示转折或对比关系时,多用while,不用as或when。如:ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,whileinfact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.她以为我在谈论她女儿,而事实上,我在谈论我的女儿。如果表示从句的动作在主句的动作“之前”或“之后”发生时,多用when(=after),不用as或while。此外,when还含有“atthatmoment”的意思(=andthen),引起的句子不能放在句首,也不能用as,w
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2014届安徽专用高考英语考前100天专题课件:1.12《连词和状语从句》
2014届安徽专用高考英语考前100天专题课件:1.12《连词和状语从句》
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【思路剖析】1. 两题都考查not until的引导状语从句的特例。第一题是not until与强调句型的综合应用。 2. 第二题not until的倒装句型, not until置于句首,主句应用倒装语序。 【正确答案】 D、B 【名师点拨】在复习状语从句时,除掌握从属连词的基本用法外,还需掌握常见的状语从句的特殊用法,如so. . . that. . . , not until, only+状语从句引起的倒装现象或强调句型等。
【学以致用】 3. 1 Bill must have been away from the office. ________ how many times I phoned him, nobody answered it.
A. Whatever
B. No matter C. In spite of
【解析】选B。句意:比尔肯定已经离开办公室了。不管我给他打了多少次电话,都没人接。no matter how many times 引导让步状语从句。 3. 2 I was walking along the river ______ I heard a cry for help.
A. while   B. since   C. when   D. as 【解析】选C。考查固定句式结构:be doing. . . when. . . “正在做某事……,这时突然……”。句意:我正在河边散步,这时突然听到有人喊“救命”。 3. 3 How long do you think _______ the computer company launches a new model?
A. it will be before
B. will it be until C. will it be when     D. it will be that 【解析】选A。考查时间状语从句。句意:你认为这家电脑公司还得多长时间才能开发新的模型?设空处及后面的部分为think的宾语,故该宾语从句应该用陈述语序,排除B、C两项;“It will be+一段时间+before+从句”为固定句型,句型中的before意为“才”或“就”。 3. 4 You can’t complain of being lonely _______ you don’t make any effort to communicate with others.
A. when   B. until    C. unless   D. once 【解析】选A。考查状语从句。句意:如果你不尽全力与别人交流,就不能抱怨自己很孤独。在本句中when表示“如果”的意思。 单项填空(十二)——推理法
根据前后文,进行逻辑推理,在四个选项都可填入的情况下,要认真阅读全句,仔细体会其语境,根据逻辑关系和常识,进行判断,选择最佳答案。 1. No matter _______ a full schedule you have,only when you try really hard _______ always fit some more things in it.
A. can you
B. can you C. you can
D. can you 【解析】选 B。本句句式复杂。根据no matter 推断这是一个让步状语从句,上下句为转折关系。又根据only when. . . , 可知要用倒装语序,综合考虑可排除C项。第一空根据推理所填词修饰名词a full schedule, 故应用what。 2. _______ the Internet is of great help, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it.
A. If   B. While    C. Because    D. As 【解析】选B。考查状语从句的连接词。句意:尽管网络有很大的帮助,但我认为花过多的时间在网上不是一个好主意。if “如果”,because“因为”,语意逻辑关系不正确,可排除。while, as 都可意为:既然,尽管,但as 引导让步状语从句应用倒装语序,故此处应选B项。 五、其他状语从句 1. 原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的连词(词组)有because, since, as, now that(既然)等。for 表示因果关系时为并列连词,语气不如because强。 He was disappointed because he didn’t get the position.
他因为没有得到那个职位而很失望。 As it is raining, I will not go out. 因为下雨我不出去了。 Now that you mention it, I do remember.
既然你提到它,我会记得的。 2. 地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。 Sit wherever you like. 随便坐。 Make a mark where you have a question. 在有问题的地方作个标记。 3. 目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句最常用的词(组)是so, so that(从句谓语常用情态动词), in order that, in case(以防,以免)等。 Speak clearly, so that they may understand you. 说清楚些,以便他们能理解你。 She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons.
她为了能跟上电视课程把书买来了。 He left early in case he should miss the train. 他早走了以免错过火车。 4. 结果状语从句 引导结果状语从句的从属连词有:so that (从句谓语一般不用情态动词), so. . . that, such. . . that等。
She was ill, so that she didn’t attend the meeting. 她病了所以没能参加会议。 He was so excited that he could not say a word. 他激动得一句话也说不出来。 She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.
她是一个好老师,每个人都钦佩她。 【注意】(1)so+形容词+a/an +单数可数名词=such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词 (2)so. . . that/ such. . . that 句型中,so 与such 位于句首时,主句用部分倒装。 So terrible was the storm that some old houses were destroyed.
暴风雨异常迅猛,以至于一些旧房被毁。 5. 比较状语从句 比较状语从句常用than, so (as). . . as, the more. . . the more等引导。 I have made a lot more mistakes than you have.
我犯的错误比你犯的错误多。 He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford. 他抽他能负担得起的烟。 The busier he is, the happier he feels. 越忙他就感到越高兴。 6. 方式状语从句 方式状语从句常由as, as if (though)等引导。 You must do the exercise as I show you. 你必须按照我教给你的去做练习。 He acted as if nothing had happened. 他表现得好像什么事也没有发生。 【注意】A is to B what C is to D. A对B而言如同C对D一样。 Air is to us what water is to fish. 空气对于我们就如同水对于鱼一样重要。
【易混点拨】 1. 状语从句转化成分词时,应注意以下情况: (1)当从句的谓语动词是主动语态的一般时态或进行时态时,变从句为一般时的现在分词短语。 When she saw the jewels (Seeing the jewels), she jumped with joy.
(2)从句的谓语动词是“be+形容词或名词”的系表结构时,变从句为“being+表语”的现在分词短语。 As he was ill (Being ill), he went home.
(3)从句的谓语动词为被动语态的一般时态或者谓语部分是“be+过去分词”的系表结构时,变从句为过去分词短语。 As he was filled with new ideas (Filled with new ideas), the young man invented many kinds of modern machine.
(4)从句的谓语动词是完成时态或由after 引导,谓语动词是一般时态时,变从句为完成时的现在分词短语。 After she lit a candle (Having lit a candle), she went out.
When we had been shown the labs (Having been shown the labs ), we were taken to the library.
(5)从句是否定句时,把从句变成否定式分词短语,即“not+分词短语”。 As he didn’t know what to do (Not knowing what to do), he asked me for help.
2. 状语从句中的省略 (1)在状语从句中如果主语与主句的主语一致,同时从句中又含有be动词,则通常可省去从句的主语和be动词,留下其余部分。 Don’t speak until (you are) spoken to.
有人对你说话时你才说。 She stood at the gate as if (she was) waiting for someone.
她站在门口好像在等人。 (2)若状语从句中主语是it, 动词是be动词,则通常可省去主语it及be动词, 留下其余部分。 I’ll buy a TV set if (it is) necessary.
如有必要,我就买一台电视机。 Everything went on better than (it had been) expected.
一切进展得比预料的顺利。 (3)若状语从句中的部分内容与主句的部分内容相同,可将从句中的此部分内容省去。 He has no money. If (he has) any, he will give us.
他没有钱,如果有,他会给我们的。 3. 在时间和条件(有时也在方式、让步等)从句中,主句是一般将来时,从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。 We’ll go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
4. 注意区分不同从句:引导的是什么从句,不仅要根据连词,还要根据句子结构和句意来判断。以where为例,能引导多种从句,如地点状语从句,定语从句,宾语从句,主语从句和表语从句。 You are to find it where you left it. (地点状语从句) Tell me the address where he lives. (定语从句,句中有先行词)
从属连词作用混淆不清 1. (2012·盐城模拟) _______ you keep on practicing English, I’m sure you will be able to speak it fluently.
A. As soon as  B. As long as  C. Even if  D. As if
2. (2012·杭州模拟) _______ it is so hot, I guess we can’t do anything until after dark.
A. In case  B. Now that  C. Even if  D. As though 【思路剖析】1. 两题都考查从属连词引导状语从句。第一题中as soon as引导时间状语从句,as long as引导条件状语从句,even if引导让步状语从句,as if引导方式状语从句。本题为条件状语从句。 2. 第二题中前后句是因果关系,所以用now that。in case引导条件状语从句;now that引导原因状语从句;even if引导让步状语从句;as though引导方式状语从句。 【正确答案】 B、B 【名师点拨】首先把每种从句的引导词记清楚,通过语境体会并掌握其所表示的逻辑关系及意义,然后仔细研读近几年高考题对状语从句是怎样考查的,从什么角度考查,最后通过一定量的训练达到熟练运用的目的。 【学以致用】 1. 1 With some technical problems to be solved, it may be a while ________
the system is put into use.
A. when   B. after   C. since   D. before 【解析】选D。句意:因为有一些技术问题要解决,这个系统将会过一段时间才能使用。四个选项都可以引导时间状语从句,但表示的时间先后关系不同。when “当……的时候”; after “在……之后”;since “自从……以来”;before “在……之前”,根据句意应选D项。 1. 2 We shouldn’t do that dangerous experiment ________ the teacher is with us.
A. if not   B. if   C. unless   D. as long as
【解析】选C。句意:我们不应该做那个危险的实验,除非有老师和我们一起。if not 不能直接引导从句,not 应该与谓语动词连用;if“如果”;unless “除非”;as long as “只要”,根据句意应选C项。 1. 3 —Some Chinese students find it difficult to understand native speakers when in London.
—Exactly, ________ they’ve learned a lot about grammar and known many words.
A. if only        B. now that C. as if        D. even if
【解析】选D。句意:——一些中国学生在伦敦时,发现听懂当地人说话很难。——的确如此,尽管他们已经学了很多语法且知道了很多单词。if only要是……多好;now that既然;as if好像;even if即使。
句子结构分析不清 1. Many people believe we are suffering from environmental disaster _______ we radically(彻底地) change the way we live.
A. but   B. although   C. unless   D. so 2. She is so good at playing table tennis that she can hit the ball _______ she wants it to go.
A. the place where     B. that C. in which        D. where
【思路剖析】1. 这两题句子都比较复杂。第一题中many people believe是主句,后面一个是宾语从句,一个是状语从句。句意:很多人认为除非我们彻底改变我们的生活方式,否则我们将遭受环境灾难。 2. 第二题中主句用的是so. . . that句型,所填词引导地点状语从句。 【正确答案】 C、D 【名师点拨】找准主句,然后确定是什么从句,最后定引导词,使之上下句翻译通顺。
【学以致用】 2. 1 _______ many times,but he still couldn’t understand it.
A. Having been told    B. Though had been told
C. He was told       D. Having told 【解析】选C。本题的解题关键为连词but。根据but一词可知前后为并列的两个句子,并非是一个从句。四个选项中C项是一个完整的句子,故选C。
2. 2 _____ had the bell rung _____ the students took their seats.
A. Hardly;when    B. No sooner;when
C. Hardly;than     D. No sooner;then
【解析】选A。考查固定句式结构。hardly. . . when. . . 或者no sooner. . . than. . . 为固定句式搭配,由此可排除B、C、D三项。hardly, no sooner 放于句首,其所在的句子要用倒装语序。
状语从句的一些特殊用法重视不够 1. It was _______ his mother came in _______ to prepare his lessons.
A. not until;did the boy begin
B. until;that the boy began
C. until;did the boy begin D. not until;that the boy began
2. (2012·海淀模拟) _________ the baby fell asleep _______ the room.
A. After;did the mother leave B. Not until;did the mother leave
C. Not until;the mother left D. Soon after;the mother had left
一、并列连词的用法 1. 表示转折关系的并列连词, 主要有 but, yet, while等。 Someone borrowed my pen, but I don’t remember who.
有人借了我的钢笔,但我不记得是谁了。 He said he was our friend, yet he wouldn’t help us.
他说他是我们的朋友,但却不肯帮助我们。 2. 表示因果关系的并列连词, 主要有 for, so 等。 The child had a bad cough, so his mother took him to the doctor.
这孩子咳得很厉害,所以他妈妈带他去看医生。 You are supposed to get rid of carelessness, for it often leads to serious errors.
你们一定要摆脱粗心,因为粗心常常导致严重的错误。 注意:for表示原因通常不能放句首,也不能单独使用。 3. 表示递进关系的并列连词, 主要有 and, not only. . . but (also), both. . . and, as well as 等。 He didn’t go and she didn’t go either. 他没去,她也没去。 The w it is neither cold nor hot. 今天天气很温暖,不冷也不热。 Both New York and London have traffic problems.
纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。 4. 表示选择关系的并列连词主要有:or, either. . . or. . . , neither. . . nor. . . 等。 Either you are right or I am. 要么你对,要么我对。 【易混点拨】 1. when作并列连词用,其意义为“这时,那时”,相当于and at this/that time,常用于下列句式: (1)sb. was doing sth. . . . when. . .
(2)sb. was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth. . . . when. . .
(3)sb. had just done sth. . . . when. . .
We were having a meeting when he broke in. 当时我们正在开会,他突然闯了进来。 I was about to go out when the telephone rang. 我正要出门,这时电话响了。 2. while作并列连词用,意为“而,却”,表示对比。例如: He likes pop music while I’m fond of folk music.
他喜欢流行音乐,而我喜欢民间音乐。
二、时间状语从句 1. 表示“当……时候”或“每当”的时间连词, 主要有when, while, as, whenever。 Don’t talk while you’re eating. 吃饭时不要说话。 Vegetables are best when they are fresh. 蔬菜新鲜时是最好的。 He came just as I was leaving. 我正要走时他来了。 2. 表示“在……之前(或之后)”的时间连词, 主要有before, after。 Try to finish your work before you leave. 离开前设法把工作做完。 After we finished tea, we sat on the grass. 喝完茶之后我们坐在了草地上。 3. 表示“自从”或“直到”的时间连词, 主要有since, until, till。 She’s been playing tennis since she was eight. 她从八岁起就打网球了。 Hold on until I fetch help. 坚持一下,等我找人来帮忙。 Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.
(谚)不要无事惹事。 (1)till, until和not. . . until ①肯定句:主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词,主句、从句都为肯定式,意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。 He remained there until she arrived. 他一直在那儿等到她到。 You may stay here until the rain stops. 你可在这里待到雨停。 ②否定句:主句谓语动词必须是非延续性动词,从句为肯定式,意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。 He won’t go to bed till/until she returns. 直到她回来他才睡。 ③till和until 都表示“直到”,常可换用,但till 不用于句首,也不可用于强调句。 Until you told me I had no idea of it.
直到你告诉我,我才知道这件事。 【注意】until/till 从句中用一般现在时表示将来。 ④“not until. . . ”位于句首时,主句须用部分倒装语序,即助动词或系动词放在主语的前面。 Not until you told me did I know about it. (not until放句首,主句要部分倒装) 直到你告诉我,我才知道这件事。 ⑤“not until. . . ”用于强调句型中: It was not until you told me that I knew about it.
(2)since 自从……以来 ①since 后如果是终止性动词的过去式,则时间的起点应从该动作发生时算起。
Mr. Li has been here since he came back. 自从李先生回来以后,他一直在这儿。 It’s two years since we arrived here. 我们到这儿两年了。 ②since 后如果是延续性动词的过去式,则时间的起点应从该动作结束时算起。 It has been three years since he smoked. 他不吸烟已有三年了。 It is three years since he lived here. 他不住在这里有三年了。 4. 表示“一……就”的时间连词, 主要有as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, once, no sooner. . . than, hardly/scarcely. . . when等。 I’ll let you know as soon as I hear from her. 我一接到她的信就通知你。 The moment I have finished I’ll give you a call. 我一干完就给你打电话。 I came immediately I heard the news.
我一听到这个消息,马上就来了。 Once you begin you must continue.
你一旦开始, 就必须坚持下去。 【注意】no sooner. . . than. . . , hardly/scarcely. . . when. . . 引导的时间状语从句表示“刚……就……”。在这些结构中,主句动作先发生,用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时;当no sooner, hardly/scarcely放于句首时,主句用倒装语序,即把助动词had放在主语前面。 No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.
我们刚到车站,火车就离站了。 5. 表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的时间连词, 主要有every time(每次),each time(每次),(the) next time(下次),any time(随时),(the) last time(上次),the first time(第一次)。 I’ll tell him about it (the) next time I see him.
下一次见到他时,我就把这个情况告诉他。 We lose a few skin cells every time we wash our hands.
每次我们洗手的时候,我们都要损失一些皮肤细胞。 You can call me any time you want to.
你随时都可以给我打电话。 【注意】every time, each time, any time前不用冠词,(the) next time, (the) last time中的冠词可以省略,而the first time中的冠词通常不能省略。
【易混点拨】
1. when/while/as 用法归纳 (1)when:
①“当……的时候”,引导时间状语从句; ②“既然”, 引导原因状语从句; ③“届时,在那时”, 为并列连词。 while:
①“当……的时候”,引导时间状语从句; ② “然而”,为并列连词,表示转折和对比。 ③“虽然”,引导让步状语从句。 as:
①“随着,一边……一边……”,引导时间状语从句。 ②“因为”, 引导原因状语从句; ③“尽管”,引导让步状语从句。 (2)三者均可表示“当……的时候”,此时区别如下: ①when既可引导一个持续性动作,也可引导一个短暂性动作,可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作发生的情境。 When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.
我住在那里时,星期天常到海滨去。 When the film ended, the people went back. 电影一结束,人们便回去了。 ②while引导的动作必须是持续性的,主句动作和从句动作同时发生,从句动作多用进行时。 Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.
别人在工作时,请不要大声说话。 ③as可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时进行,可译为“一边……,一边……;随着……”。 He hurried home, looking behind as he went. 他匆匆忙忙回家,边走边回头看。 2. before的各种翻译 (1)before 引导时间状语从句,表示主句的动作先于从句的动作发生。before 在句中可有多种翻译: We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.
我们航行了4天4夜才看到陆地。(直到……才……,强调主句所表达的时间、距离很长或花费的力气很大) We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired. 我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。 (……就……,强调主句所表达的时间、距离或花费的力气很小) Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. 我还没来得及插话他就给我量好了尺寸。(还没来得及……) (2)It will be+一段时间+before. . . 多久之后才……。 It will be half a year before I come back. 还得待半年我才能回来。 It won’t be long before we meet again.
过不了多久我们就会再见面的。 三、条件状语从句 1. 引导条件状语从句的从属连词。这类连词主要有if, unless, as (so) long as, in case,on condition that, once, suppose/supposing (假设,如果), provided/providing that(如果),given that。 Do you mind if I open the window? 我开窗你不介意吧?
Don’t come unless I telephone. 除非我打电话,否则你别来。 As long as you’re happy,it doesn’t matter what you do.
只要你高兴,你做什么都没关系。 In case it rains they will stay at home.
以防下雨,他们就呆在家里。 2. 在条件状语从句中,通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义;但有时表示条件的 if从句中可能用 will,此时will为情态动词, 表示意愿或委婉的请求。 If you will sit down for a few moments, I’ll tell the manager you’re here.
请稍坐, 我这就通知经理说您来了。 3. 条件状语从句分真实性(有可能实现的事情)与非真实性(条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情)条件句。非真实条件句用虚拟语气。 If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her.
如果他能早来几分钟,他就能看到她了。
四、让步状语从句 让步状语从句可由although, though, as, even if (though), however, whatever, whether. . . or, no matter who (when, what. . . ) 等引导。 【注意】as引导的让步状语从句通常用倒装语序,即形容词(分词)/副词/动词/名词(无冠词)+as+主语+谓语。这种倒装结构也可以用though,但不能用although。
Though he is a child, he knows a lot. =Child as/though he is, he knows a lot.
尽管他是个孩子,但他知道很多。 Whatever (=No matter what) you say, I’ll never change my mind.
不管你说什么,我都不会改变主意。 3. (2012·江苏·30)One’s life has value _______ one brings value to the life of others.
A. so that       B. no matter how C. as long as     D. except that 【解析】选C。考查连词。句意:只要一个人能给他人的生命带来价值,他的生命就是有价值的。A项表示“以便,因此”, 引导目的或结果状语从句;B项表示“不管怎样”;C项表示“只要……就……”,相当于“so long as”;D项表示“除了”。 4. (2012·四川·10)If you happen to get lost in the wild, you’d better stay ________ you are and wait for help.
A. why   B. where   C. who   D. what 【解析】选B。考查状语从句。句意:如果你碰巧在荒野中迷路了,你最好待在原地等待救援。此处where引导地点状语从句。 5. (2010·全国卷Ⅰ·30)The little boy won’t go to sleep _______ his mother tells him a story.
A. or   B. unless   C. but   D. whether 【解析】选B。句意:除非他的妈妈给他讲个故事,否则小男孩不睡觉。 unless表条件,意为“除非”。 6. (2010·北京·30) _______ they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures.
A. As   B. While   C. Until   D. Once 【解析】选D。句意:一旦学生们决定要上哪所大学,他们就会搜索相关的录取程序。连词once在此处表条件,而as,while,until均不符合句意。 7. (2010·江西·22)—Our holiday cost a lot of money.
Well, that doesn’t matter ____ you enjoyed yourselves.
A. as long as      B. unless C. as soon as      D. though 【解析】选A。句意:——我们的假期耗费了我们很多钱。——是吗?只要你们玩得高兴,那就没什么关系。unless“除非,如果不”,相当于if. . . as soon as“一……就……”;though“虽然”,都不符合句意。 8. (2010·山东·28)The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, _______ accompanied by an adult.
A. once    B. when    C. if    D. unless 【解析】选D。考查条件状语从句的省略。句意:学校制度规定任何孩子在白天不允许离开学校,除非由成人陪伴。当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句的主语后是一个系表结构时,可以省去从句主语和动词be。unless表示“除非”,引导条件状语从句,故选D。         让步状语从句 1. (2012·新课标全国卷·25)I don’t believe we’ve met before,
_________ I must say you do look familiar.
A. therefore       B. although C. since       
D. unless 【解析】选B。考查连词和状语从句。句意:我认为我们以前没见过面,尽管我必须承认你看起来确实很面熟。therefore因此;although虽然,尽管;since自从,既然;unless除非。根据句意可知,前后之间是转折关系,所以选B。 2. (2012·湖南·28) _________ I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A.
A. While   B. Once   C. If   D. Until 【解析】选A。考查状语从句。句意:尽管我总是会感到我能通过考试,但是我从没有想过我会得个“优”。A项while引导让步状语从句,表尽管,符合句意;B项once一旦,曾经;C项if 如果;D项until直到。 3. (2012·湖南·32) ________ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
A. However
B. Whatever C. Whichever
D. Whenever 【解析】选A。考查状语从句。句意:无论你多么努力地尝试,在不减少你的食量的情况下很难减肥。A项however无论如何,不管怎样,符合句意。B项whatever无论什么样;C项whichever无论哪一个;D项whenever无论何时。 4. (2012·陕西·18)Hot _________ the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.
A. although      
B. as C. while        D. however 【解析】选B。考查状语从句和倒装。句意:尽管晚间的空气很热,我们还是睡得很沉,因为走了那么长的路程后我们累坏了。句子前半部分为让步状语从句,A项、B项、C项都可表示“尽管”,引导让步状语从句,但此句用了倒装,表语hot 提前,只有as 引导让步状语从句要用倒装语序, although与while 不能用倒装,所以B项符合题意。 5. (2011·四川·4)Frank insisted that he was not asleep _______ I had great difficulty in waking him up.
A. whether   B. although   C. for   D. so 【解析】选B。考查让步状语从句。句意:尽管我费了好大劲儿才叫醒弗兰克, 但是他坚持说他没有睡觉。语意上构成了一种让步,故选B。 6. (2011·新课标全国卷·22)Try ______ she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.
A. if   B. when   C. since   D. as 【解析】选D。考查连词和让步状语从句。句意:尽管苏尽力了,但她没能把门打开。as表示“虽然”引导状语从句时,从句的结构为:表语、状语或部分谓语+as+主语+其他。根据句子结构以及句意可知选D。 7. (2011·辽宁·25)No matter how ________ , it is not necessarily lifeless.
A. a desert may be dry
B. dry a desert may be C. may a desert be dry
D. dry may a desert be 【解析】选B。考查让步状语从句的句式。句意:不管沙漠里可能是多么干燥,它也并不一定是没有生命存在的。固定句式为no matter how/however+形容词/副词+主谓,从句应用陈述语序,故选B。 8. (2011·陕西·19) _______ all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post.
A. Since   B. While   C. If   D. As 【解析】选B。考查连词和状语从句的用法。句意:虽然他们中所有的人都是强劲的候选人,但是只能选择其中的一个来担当这个职位。since“既然;由于;自从……”;while“当……的时候;虽然”;if“如果”;as“当……的时候;由于”。根据句意选B项。 9. (2011·天津·5) ________ regular exercise is very important, it’s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.
A. If   B. As   C. Although   D. Unless 【解析】选C。考查连词和状语从句。句意:尽管定期锻炼是很重要的,但是快要睡觉的时候锻炼不是一个好主意。A项是“如果”;B项是“因为,当……时候”,表示“虽然, 尽管”时须用倒装句;C项是“虽然,尽管”;D项是“除非”。根据句意选C。 10. (2011·重庆·30)To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off ________ we are to shake hands with.
A. whichever      B. whenever C. whoever      D. wherever 【解析】选C。考查连词和状语从句。句意:不论我们和谁握手,为了表示尊敬,我们通常要摘掉手套。空格引导让步状语从句,分析句子结构可知,空格在从句中作with的宾语,whichever意为“无论哪一个,无论哪些”,与句意不符;whoever相当于no matter who,意为“无论是谁”,故选C。 11. (2011·北京·29) _______ volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at basketball.
A. Since   B. Once   C. Unless   D. While 【解析】 选D。考查状语从句。句意:尽管排球是她主要的项目,她也很擅长篮球。since既然,引导原因状语从句;once一旦,引导条件状语从句;unless除非,引导条件状语从句;while尽管,引导让步状语从句。故选D。 12. (2010·湖南·32)Tim is in good shape physically _______ he doesn’t get much exercise.
A. if       B. even though C. unless     D. as long as 【解析】选B。句意:尽管Tim没有做太多的锻炼,但他还是身体很好。“is in good shape”和“doesn’t get much exercise”是转折关系,故选B。 13. (2010·浙江·1)—How about camping this weekend, just for a change?
________ you want.
A. whichever  B. however  C. whatever  D. whoever 【解析】选C。句意:——这周末去野营怎么样,只是改变一下?——好吧,你想怎样就怎样。whatever作want的宾语,表示想做的事情。 14. (2010·安徽·29)The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, ______ they have the interest.
A. wherever  B. whenever  C. even if  D. as if 【解析】选C。句意:即使工程师们有兴趣,但是他们太忙,以至于没有时间进行户外体育运动。“工程师们太忙,以至于没有时间进行户外体育运动”与“他们有这个兴趣”具有语意上的转折关系,后一句表示让步。wherever表示地点;whenever表示时间;even if“即使”,表示让步;as if引导方式状语从句。
其他状语从句 1. (2012·重庆·30)—Coach, can I continue with the training?
—Sorry, you can’t ________ you haven’t recovered from the knee injury.
A. until   B. before   C. as   D. unless 命题点 5 【解析】选C。考查状语从句。句意:——教练,我可以继续训练吗?——很遗憾,你不能,因为你膝关节损伤还没有恢复。until直到……,before在……之前,二者都可引导时间状语从句;as因为,当……的时候,引导原因状语从句或时间状语从句;unless除非,引导条件状语从句。根据题意,故选C。 2. (2011·山东·28)He had his camera ready ________ he saw something that would make a good picture.
A. even if      B. if only C. in case      D. so that 【解析】选C。句意:他准备好了照相机以免看到什么可以成为很好照片的东西(而无法拍摄下来)。in case 万一,以免;even if 即使;if only 要是……就好了;so that 以便,结果是。由句意可知C项正确。 3. (2011·湖南·33)Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him __________ he had done something very clever.
A. as if   B. in case   C. while   D. though 【解析】选A。考查方式状语从句。句意:杰克没说一句话,但老师却对着他微笑,好像(as if)他做了什么聪明事儿似的。 4. (2011·上海·37)The police officers in our city work hard _________ the rest of us can live a safe life.
A. in case        
B. as if C. in order that      D. only if 【解析】选C。考查目的状语从句。句意:为了我们能过上安全的生活,我们城市的警察工作很努力。in case以免,(以防)万一;as if好像;in order that为了;only if只有,由句意可知选C。 5. (2010·全国卷Ⅰ·26)I have seldom seen my mother _______ pleased with my progress as she is now.
A. so   B. very   C. too   D. rather 【解析】选A。考查同级比较结构。句意:对于我的进步我还从来没见过妈妈像现在这样高兴过。not(seldom)so. . . as. . . 没有像……这样。 6. (2010·重庆·32)Today, we will begin ________ we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.
A. when   B. where   C. how   D. what 【解析】选B。考查地点状语从句。句意:今天,我们将从昨天停下的地方开始,以便不会有什么要点落下。 7. (2010·辽宁·29)The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair _______ he wanted to sit next to his wife.
A. although   B. unless   C. because    D. if 【解析】选C。考查because引导的原因状语从句。句意:这个老人让露西移到另一个座位上, 因为他想和他妻子坐在一起。although“虽然”, 表示让步;unless和if表示条件。 【命题人点拨】 考 查 重 点 1. 从属连词在不同的状语从句中的使用 2. 时间、条件和让步状语考查频率较高 3. 状语从句和其他从句的区别 备 考 策 略 1. 了解选择连接词时的原则,熟记不同的状语从句所使用的不同连接词 2. 把握好as, since, while等连词可引导多种状语从句 3. 研读近几年高考题中的状语从句,提高运用状语从句的能力 十二、连词和状语从句          并列连词 1. (2012·新课标全国卷·34)You have to move out of the way ________ the truck cannot get past you.
A. so    B. or    C. and     D. but 【解析】选B。考查连词。句意:你必须让路,否则这辆卡车不能从你旁边过去。此处or表示“转折”。 2. (2012·湖南·24)Bicycl ________ , it does not pollute the air.
A. nevertheless     B. besides C. otherwise      D. therefore 【解析】选B。考查连词辨析。句意:骑车是一项好的锻炼方式;此外,它还不污染空气。besides此外,符合句意;nevertheless然而,不过;otherwise否则;therefore因此。 3. (2012·山东·32)A number of high buildings have arisen ________ there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
A. when   B. where   C. before   D. until 【解析】选B。考查连词。句意:许多高层建筑已经屹立在一年前的荒芜之地上了。when当……的时候,是时间连词;where在……的地方,是地点连词,引导地点状语从句;before在……以前,是时间连词或地点连词;until直到,是时间连词。根据句意可知选B。 4. (2012·福建·30)It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties _____ it gets more financial support from the European Union.
A. if   B. unless   C. because   D. since 【解析】选B。考查连接词。句意:除非能从欧盟得到更多的资金支持,否则希腊政府很难渡过目前的困境。unless=if. . . not“除非,如果不”,它所引导的句子谓语动词用一般现在时表将来。 5. (2012·北京·21)—Look at those clouds!
—Don’t worry. ________ it rains, we’ll still have a great time.
A. Even if     B. As though C. In case     D. If only 【解析】选A。考查连词。句意:——看看那些乌云!——别担心。即使下雨,我们仍然会玩得很开心。even if虽然,即使;as though好像,仿佛;in case万一,以防;if only要是……就好了。 6. (2012·辽宁·30)Leave your key with your neighbor _______ you lock yourself out one day.
A. as long as    B. even though C. in case      D. as if 【解析】选C。考查连词的用法。句意:留一把钥匙给你的邻居,以防某天你把自己锁在外面。A项“只要”;B项“即使”;C项“以防,万一”;D项“仿佛,好像”。 7. (2012·天津·14)Everything was placed exactly _______ he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.
A. while   B. when   C. where   D. though 【解析】选C。考查状语从句。句意:毕业典礼需要的一切东西都放在他想要放的地方了。while当……时候,然而;when当……时候;where哪里;though虽然,尽管。根据句意可知要用where引导地点状语从句。 8. (2012·四川·4)At school, some students are active _______ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.
A. while      B. although C. so       
D. as 【解析】选A。考查连词。句意:在学校,一些学生活跃, 然而一些学生害羞,但是他们可以彼此成为好朋友。while在此处表对比,意为“然而”。 9. (2012·四川·14)This training program can give you a lift at work, ________ increase your income by 40%.
A. as well as     B. so long as C. so much as     D. as soon as 【解析】选A。考查连词。句意:这个训练项目可以使你升职,也可以使你的收入增加40%。A项,也,除……外,还;B项,只要;C项,甚至于;D项,一……就……根据句意应选A项。 10. (2011·新课标全国卷·25)—Someone wants you on the phone.
— ______ nobody knows I am here.
A. Although   B. And   C. But   D. So 【解析】选C。考查连词。句意:——有人打电话找你。——但是没有人知道我在这儿。根据语境可知此处表示转折。故选C。 11. (2011·山东·23)Find ways to praise your children often,
________ you’ll find they will open their hearts to you.
A. till   B. or   C. and   D. but 【解析】选C。考查连词用法。句意:找方式经常表扬你的孩子,你就会发现他们会对你敞开心扉。本题为“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句式结构,表示发生前句假设的情况,后面的陈述句就会发生,故要用and。 12. (2011·辽宁·31)Bring the flowers into a warm room ________ they’ll soon open.
A. or   B. and   C. but   D. for 【解析】选B。考查连词辨析。句意:把花儿拿到温暖的房间里,那么它们很快就会开放。空格前边为祈使句表条件,而且根据句意可知两句为顺承关系,故用连词and。or否则,与前一句构成转折关系;but但是,表转折;for前一般用“,”隔开,放在第二句的句首,解释说明原因。 13. (2011·浙江·4)One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away _______ my daughter heard cries for help.
A. after   B. while   C. since   D. when 【解析】选D。考查连词的用法。句意:有个星期五,我们正收拾行囊准备外出度周末时,突然间女儿听到求救声。“was/were doing. . . when”为固定句式,表示“正在做……时突然……”, 所以D项正确。 14. (2010·全国卷Ⅱ·7)Tom was about to close the window _______ his attention was caught by a bird.
A. when   B. if   C. and   D. till 【解析】选A。句意:汤姆正要关窗户的时候,突然他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。此题考查be about to do. . . when. . . 句式,表示“正要……突然……”。
时间状语从句 1. (2012·山东·27)He smiled politely _______ Mary apologized for her drunken friends.
A. as   B. if   C. unless   D. though 【解析】选A。考查时间状语从句和连词。句意:当玛丽为她醉酒的朋友们向他道歉时,他礼貌地微笑着。as“当……时候”,引导时间状语从句,符合句意;if“如果”,引导条件状语从句;unless“除非”,引导条件状语从句,相当于if . . . not;though“虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句。根据句意可知选A。 2. (2012·全国卷Ⅱ·11)I had hardly got to the office _______ my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
A. when   B. than   C. until   D. after 【解析】选A。考查连词和状语从句。句意:我刚到办公室,妻子就打电话让我马上回家。hardly. . . when为固定句型,相当于no sooner. . . than,表示“刚……就……”。故选A。 3. (2011·福建·33)It was April 29, 2011 ________ Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.
A. that   B. when   C. since   D. before 【解析】选B。考查时间状语从句。句意:日,威廉王子和凯特·米德尔顿步入了婚礼殿堂。根据句意可知从句中缺少时间状语,故用when。 【误区警示】真假强调句 此题易误选A,将其看作是强调句,若是强调句应在时间前面加上介词on。 It was at nine o’clock that I arrived in Jinan. (强调句) 我是在九点钟到达的济南。 It was nine o’clock when I arrived in Jinan. (时间状语从句) 我到达济南时是九点钟。 4. (2011·四川·6)As is reported, it is 100 years ______ Qinghua University was founded.
A. when   B. before   C. after   D. since 【解析】选D。考查时间状语从句。句意: 据报道,清华大学建校100年了。It’s+时间段+since 从句意为“自从……以来……”。故选D。 5. (2011·江西·29)Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or _______ it is convenient to you.
A. whenever     B. however C. whichever    
D. wherever 【解析】选A。考查时间状语从句。句意:今天下午或者在任何你方便的时候请打电话给我的秘书安排会议。whenever无论何时;however然而; whichever任何一个; wherever 无论哪里。关系副词在后句中充当状语,根据语境可知是指时间,选A。 6. (2011·辽宁·29)He had no sooner finished his speech _______ the students started cheering.
A. since   B. as   C. when   D. than 【解析】选D。考查时间状语从句的连词。句意:他一完成演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来了。no sooner. . . than. . . =hardly. . . when. . . 一……就……,为固定句型,而且主句的时态一般为过去完成时。 7. (2010·福建·26)The girl had hardly rung the bell ______ the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.
A. before   B. until   C. as   D. since 【解析】选A。考查时间状语从句的连词。句意:那个女孩还没来得及去按门铃,门突然开了,她的朋友冲出来迎接她。根据前后句时态的对比可知主句动作发生在从句动作之前,故用连词before“在……之前”。 8. (2010·四川·20)Because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch break _________ she got to her office.
A. since   B. that   C. when   D. until 【解析】选C。考查时间状语从句的连词。句意:因为交通拥挤,当她到达办公室时,已经是午饭休息时间了。when 引导时间状语从句,意为“当……的时候”,符合句意。 9. (2010·新课标全国卷·25)Mary made coffee _________ her guests were finishing their meal.
A. so that   B. although   C. while   D. as if 【解析】选C。考查时间状语从句的连词。句意:在客人就要吃完饭的时候,玛丽沏好了咖啡。while“当……时候”, 引导时间状语从句时,从句常用进行时态,符合题意。 10. (2010·陕西·20)John thinks it won’t be long _______ he is ready for his new job.
A. when   B. after   C. before  
D. since 【解析】选C。考查时间状语从句的连词。句意:约翰认为,用不了多久他就会为他的新工作做好准备。when“当……时候”;after“在……之后”;before “在……之前,还没来得及……就……,……之后才/就……”;since“自从……”。 11. (2010·安徽·33)Just use this room for the time being, and we’ll offer you a larger one _______ it becomes available.
A. as soon as      B. unless C. as far as      D. until 【解析】选A。考查时间状语从句。句意:暂时就用这个房间,一有更大的房间我们就会提供给你。as soon as“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句;unless“除非,如果不”,引导条件状语从句;as far as“就……而言”;until“直到”,引导时间状语从句,如果主句是肯定句,主句的谓语动词常用延续性动词。
条件状语从句 1. (2012·江西·31)You can borrow my car _______ you promise not to drive too fast.
A. unless      B. even if C. in case     
D. as long as 【解析】选D。考查连词。句意:只要你答应不要开车太快,就可以借我的车。A项意为“除非”;B项意为“即使”;C项意为“以防”;D项意为“只要”。根据句意,选D。 2. (2012·陕西·25)All the photographs in this book, ________ stated otherwise, date from the 1950s.
A. unless   B. until   C. once   D. if 【解析】选A。考查连词及状语从句的省略。句意:这本书里的相片,除非有说明,否则都是二十世纪五十年代的。unless = if. . . not,表示“除非”。unless stated=unless they are stated, 是状语从句的省略。
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