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官方公共微信2011年英语六级什么时候考试？_百度知道
2011年英语六级什么时候考试？
具体时间是在6月18日下午2:30入场这个已经过了12月份的是在 12月17日下午3：00——05：20
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六月份已经过了！大概在六月十八或十九号左右，肯定是安排在周末十二月份大概在十二月十八或十九号左右，具体是看那段时间哪天是周末
我觉得口语学习主要取决于外教资质.好.坏
我学习的ABC天卞英语中心就强调学习效果，很喜欢这里的老师，客服都很热心，需要学习英语的可以考虑下这种在线学习方式；通知，还没正式出来。根据经验，大学英语四六级（CET）每年进行两次，分别在月和1月份，011年上半年大学英语四级考试时间预计为011年月1日。011年上半年大学英语六级考试时间预计为011年月1日。希望能帮助到您。
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出门在外也不愁聚焦2011年12月大学英语四六级考试--六级真题与答案
刷新间隔：2008年12月英语六级考试试题
Part I&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&Writing&&&&&&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&& 30 minutes
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How To Improve Student's Mental Health?. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.
(15 minutes)
Supersize Surprise
Ask anyone why there is an obesity epidemic and they will tell you that it’s al down to eating too much and burning too few calories. That explanation appeals to common sense and has dominated efforts to get to the root of the obesity epidemic and reverse it. Yet obesity researchers are increasingly dissatisfied with it. Many now believe that something else must have changed in our environment to precipitate() such dramatic rises in obesity over the past 40 years or so. Nobody is saying that the “big two” C reduced physical activity and increased availability of food C are not important contributors to the epidemic, but they cannot explain it all.
Earlier this year a review paper by 20obesity experts set out the 7 most plausible alternative explanations for the epidemic. Here they are.
1.Not enough sleep
It is widely believed that sleep is for the brain, not the body. Could a shortage of shut-eye also be helping to make us fat?
Several large-scale studies suggest there may be a link. People who sleep less than 7 hours a night tend to have a higher body mass index than people who sleep more, according to data gathered by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Similarly, the US Nurses’ Health Study, which tracked 68,000 women for 16 years, found that those who slept an average of 5 hours a night gained more weight during the study period than women who slept 6 hours, who in turn gained more than whose who slept 7.
It’s well known that obesity impairs sleep, so perhaps people get fat first and sleep less afterwards. But the nurses’ study suggests that it can work in the other direction too: sleep loss may precipitate weight gain.
Although getting figures is difficult, it appears that we really are sleeping less. In 1960 people in the US slept an average of 8.5 hours per night. A 2002 poll by the National Sleep Foundation suggests that the average has fallen to under 7 hours, and the decline is mirrored by the increase in obesity.
2. Climate control
We humans, like all warm-blooded animals, can keep our core body temperatures pretty much constant regardless of what’s going on in the world around us. We do this by altering our metabolic() rate, shivering or sweating. Keeping warm and staying cool take energy unless we are in the “thermo-neutral zone”, which is increasingly where we choose to live and work.
&&& There is no denying that ambient temperatures() have changed in the past few decades. Between 1970 and 2000, the average British home warmed from a chilly 13C to 18C. In the US, the changes have been at the other end of the thermometer as the proportion of homes with air conditioning rose from 23% to 47% between 1978 and 1997. In the southern states C where obesity rates tend to be highest C the number of houses with air conditioning has shot up to 71% from 37% in 1978.
Could air conditioning in summer and heating in winter really make a difference to our weight?
Sadlythere is some evidence that it does-at least with regard to heating. Studies show that in comfortable temperatures we use less energy.
3. Less smoking
Bad news: smokers really do tend to be thinner than the rest of us, and quitting really does pack on the pounds, though no one is sure why. It probably has something to do with the fact that nicotine is an appetite suppressant and appears to up your metabolic rate.
&Katherine Flegal and colleagues at the US National Center for Health Statistics in Hyattsville, Maryland, have calculated that people kicking the habit have been responsible for a small but significant portion of the US epidemic of fatness. From data collected around 1991 by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, they worked out that people who had quit in the previous decade were much more likely to be overweight than smokers and people who had never smoked .Among men, for example, nearly half of quitters were overweight compared with 37% of non-smokers and only 28%of smokers.
4. Genetic effects
Yours chances of becoming fat may be set, at least in part, before you were even born. Children of obese mothers are much more likely to become obese themselves later in life. Offspring of mice fed a high-fat diet during pregnancy are much more likely to become fat than the offspring of identical mice fed a normal diet. Intriguingly, the effect persists for two or three generations. Grandchildren of mice fed a high-fat diet grow up fat even if their own mother is fed normally-so you fate may have been sealed even before you were conceived.
5. A little older…
Some groups of people just happen to be fatter than others. Surveys carried out by the US national center for health statistics found that adults aged 40 to 79 were around three times as likely to be obese as younger people. Non-white females also tend to fall at the fatter end of the spectrum: Mexican-American women are 30% more likely than white women to be obsess, and black women have twice the risk.
& &&In the US, these groups account for an increasing percentage of the population. Between 1970 and 2000 the US population aged 35 to 44 grew by43%.the proportion of Hispanic-Americans also grew, from under 5% to 12.5% of the population, while the proportion of black Americans increased from 11% to12.3%.these changes may account in part for the increased prevalence of obesity.
6. Mature mums
&& &Mothers around the world are getting older. in the UK, the mean age for having a first child is 27.3,compared with 23.7 in 1970 .mean age at first birth in the US has also increased, rising from 21.4 in 1970 to 24.9 in 2000.
&& &This would be neither here nor there if it weren’t for the observation that having an older mother seems to be an independent risk factor for obesity. Results from the US national heart, lung and blood institute’s study found that the odds of a child being obese increase 14% for every five extra years of their mother’s age, though why this should be so is not entirely clear.
Michael Symonds at the University of Nottingham, UK, found that first-born children have more fat than younger ones. As family size decreases, firstborns account for a greater share of the population. In 1964, British women gave birth to an average of 2.95 by 2005 that figure had fallen to 1.79. In the US in% of woman in their 40 in 2004 it was 17.4%. this combination of older mothers and more single children could be contributing to the obesity epidemic.
7. Like marrying like
Just as people pair off according to looks, so they do for size. Lean people are more likely to marry lean and fat more likely to marry fat. On its own, like marrying like cannot account for any increase in obesity. But combined with othersparticularly the fact that obesity is partly genetic, and that heavier people have more childrenit amplifies the increase form other causes.
1. What is the passage mainly about?
A) Effects of obesity on people’s health
& B) The link between lifestyle and obesity
& C) New explanations for the obesity epidemic
& D) Possible ways to combat the obesity epidemic
2. In the US Nurse’ Health Study, women who slept an average of 7 hours a night_______.
&A) gained the least weight
& B) were inclined to eat less
& C) found their vigor enhanced
& D) were less susceptible to illness
3. The popular belief about obesity is that___________.
A) it makes us sleepy
& B) it causes sleep loss
& C) it increases our appetite
& D) it results from lack of sleep
4. How does indoor heating affect our life?
A) it makes us stay indoors more
& B) it accelerates our metabolic rate
& C) it makes us feel more energetic
& D) it contributes to our weight gain
5. What does the author say about the effect of nicotine on smokers?
A) it threatens their health
& B) it heightens their spirits
& C) it suppresses their appetite
& D) it slows down their metabolism
6. Who are most likely to be overweight according to Katherine Fergal’s study?
&A) heavy smokers
& B) passive smokers
& C) those who never smoke
& D) those who quit smoking
7. According to the US National Center for Health Statistics, the increased obesity in the US is a result of_______.
A) the growing number of smokers among young people
& B) the rising proportion of minorities in its population
& C) the increasing consumption of high-calorie foods
& D) the improving living standards of the poor people
8. According to the US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, the reason why older mothers’ children tend to be obese remains __________.
9. According to Michael Symonds, one factor contributing to the obesity epidemic is decrease of ___________.
10. When two heavy people get married, chances of their children getting fat increase, because obesity is _____________.
&&&&&&Listening Comprehension&&&& &&&(35 minutes)
11. A) He is quite easy to recognize
& &B) He is an outstanding speaker
& C) He looks like a movie star
& D) He looks young for his age
12. A) consult her dancing teacher
& B) take a more interesting class
&& C) continue her dancing class
& D) improve her dancing skills
13. A) the man did not believe what the woman said
& B) the man accompanied the woman to the hospital
& C) the woman may be suffering from repetitive strain injury
&& D) the woman may not followed the doctor’s instructions
14. A) they are not in style any more
& B) they have cost him far too much
&& C) they no longer suit his eyesight
& D) they should be cleaned regularly
15. A) he spilled his drink onto the floor
& B) he has just finished wiping the floor
& &C) he was caught in a shower on his way home
& &D) he rushed out of the bath to answer the phone
16. A) fixing some furniture
& B) repairing the toy train
& C) reading the instructions
&& D) assembling the bookcase
17. A) urge Jenny to spend more time on study
& &B) help Jenny to prepare for the coming exams
& C) act towards Jenny in a more sensible way
& D) send Jenny to a volleyball training center
18. A) The building of the dam needs a large budget
&&&B) The proposed site is near the residential area
&& C) The local people feel insecure about the dam
&&&D) The dam poses a threat to the local environment
B. Its production and sales reached record levels.
C. It became popular in some foreign countries
D. Its domestic market started to shrink rapidly.
C. They were in fashion.
B. They tasted better.&&&&&&& D. They were widely advertised.
C. It will remain basically stable.
B. It is bound to revive.&&&&& D. It will see no more monopoly
C. Acting as its spokesman.
B. Recruiting members&&&&&& D. Saving endangered animals.
B. Anti-nuclear campaigns
C. Surveying the Atlantic Ocean floor&& D. Removing industrial waste.
C. By taking legal action.
B. By appealing to the public&& D. By resorting to force.
C. Indifferent.
B. Reserved&&&& D. Supportive&
26. A. The air becomes still.&&&&&& C. The clouds block the sun.
&& B. The air pressure is low.&&&&& D. The sky appears brighter.
B. Sailors’ saying about the weather are unreliable.
C. People knew long ago how to predict the weather.
D. It was easier to forecast the weather in the old days.
B. People can predict the weather by their senses
&C. Who are the real experts in weather forecast.
D. Weather changes affect people’s life remarkably
B. They are unable to decide what to do first.
C. They feel burdened with numerous tasks every day.
D they feel burdened with numerous tasks every day
&C. Turn to others for help.
&B. Draw a detailed to-do list.&&& D. Handle them one by one.
C. They have worked out a way to relax.
B. They feel utterly exhausted.&&&& D. They no longer feel any sense of guilt.
B. Their immune system may be reinforced
C. Their blood pressure may rise all of a sudden.
D. Their physical development may be enhanced.
&C. Speeding up of blood circulation
B. Increased susceptibility to disease&&&& D. Reduction of stress-related hormones
&C. Turn more often to friends for help
B. Have more physical exercise.&&&&&&& D. Pay more attention to bodily sensations.
B. Various causes for serious health problems.
C. The relationship between stress and illness.
D. New finding of medical research on stress.
One of the most common images of an advanced, Western-style culture is that of a busy, traffic-filled city. Since their first (36) ______ on American roadways, automobiles have become a (37) ______ of progress, a source of thousands of jobs and an almost inalienable right for citizens’ personal freedom of movement. In recent (38) _______, our “love affair” with the car is being (39) ________ directly to the developing world, and it is increasingly (40) _______ that this transfer is leading to disaster.
American’s almost complete dependence on automobiles has been a terrible mistake. As late as the 1950s, a large (41) ________ of the American public used mass transit. A (42) ________ of public policy decisions and corporate scheming saw to it that countless (43) ________ and efficient urban streetcar and intra-city rail systems were dismantled. (44) ___________________________________________________. Our lives have been planned along a road gridhomes far from work, shopping far from everything, with ugly stretches of concrete and blacktop in between.
Developing countries are copying Western-style transportation systems down to the last detail. (45) _________________________________________________________. Pollution control measures are either not strict or nonexistent, leading to choking clouds of smog. Gasoline still contains lead, which is extremely poisonous to humans. (46) _____________________________________________________________________.
In addition to pollution and traffic jams, auto safety is a critical issue in developing nations.
Part IV Reading Comprehension Reading in Depth 25 minutes
Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer sheet 2.
Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.
&& &One of the major producers of athletic footwear, with 2002 sales of over $10 billion, is a company called Nike, with corporate headquarters in Beaverton, Oregon. Forbes magazine identified Nike’s president, Philip Knight, as the 53rd-richestman in the world in 2004. But Nike has not always been a large multimillion-dollar organization. In fact, Knight started the company by selling shoes from the back of his car at track meets.
In the late1950s Philip Knight was a middle-distance runner on the University of Oregon track team, coached by Bill Bowerman. One of the top track coaches in the U.S., Bowerman was also known for experimenting with the design of running shoes in an attempt to make them lighter and more shock-absorbent. After attending Oregon, Knight moved on to do graduate work at Stanford University; his MBA thesis was on marketing athletic shoes. Once he received his degree, Knight traveled to Japan to contact the Onitsuka Tiger Company, a manufacturer of athletic shoes. Knight convinced the company’s officials of the potential for its product in the U.S. In 1963 he received his first shipment of Tiger shoes, 200 pairs in total.
In 1964, Knight and Bowerman contributed $500 each to from Blue Ribbon Sports, the predecessor of Nike. In the first few years, Knight distributed shoes out of his car at local track meets. The first employees hired by Knight were former college athletes. The company did not have the money to hire “experts”, and there was no established athletic footwear industry in North America from which to recruit those knowledgeable in the field. In its early years the organization operated in an unconventional manner that characterized its innovative and entrepreneurial approach to the industry. Commun people discussed ideas and issues in the hallways, on a run, or over a beer. There was little task differentiation. There were no job descriptions, rigid reporting systems, or detailed rules and regulations. The team spirit and shared values of the athletes on Bowerman’s teams carried over and provided the basis for the collegial style of management that characterized the early years of Nikes.
47. While serving as a track coach, Bowerman tried to design running shoes that were _____________________.
48. During his visit to Japan, Knight convinced the officials of the Onitsuka Tiger Company that its product would have____________________________________.
49. Blue Ribbon Sports as unable to hire experts due to the absence of____________________ in North America.
50. In the early years of Nike, communication within the company was usually carried out____________.
51. What qualities of Bowerman’s teams formed the basis of Nike’s early management style?
_______________________________________________________________.
Passage One
Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.
Sustainable development is applied to just about everything from energy to clean water and economic growth, and as a result it has become difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it or the way the concept is put to use. This is especially true in agriculture, where sustainable development is often taken as the sole measure of progress without a proper appreciation of historical and cultural perspectives.
To start with, it is important to remember that the nature of agriculture has changed markedly throughout history, and will continue to do so .medieval agriculture in northern Europe fed, clothed and sheltered a predominantly rural society with a much lower population density than it is today. It had minimal effect on biodiversity, and any pollution it caused was typically localized. In terms of energy use and the nutrientscaptured in the product it was relatively inefficient.
Contrast this with farming since the start of the industrial revolution. Competition from overseas led farmers to specialize and increase yields. Throughout this period food became cheaper, safe and more reliable. However, these changes have also led to habitatloss and to diminishing biodiversity.
What’s more, demand for animal products in developing countries is growing so fast that meeting it will require an extra 300 million tons of grain a year by 2050.yet the growth of cities and industry is reducing the amount of water available for agriculture in many regions.
All this means that agriculture in the 21stcentury will have to be very different from how it was in the 20th.thiswill require radical thinking. For example, we need to move away from the idea that traditional practices are inevitably more sustainable than new ones. We also need to abandon the notion that agriculture can be “zero impact”. The key will be to abandon the rather simple and static measures of sustainability, which centre on the need to maintain production without increasing damage.
Instead we need a more dynamic interpretation, one that looks at the pros and consof all the various way land is used. There are many different ways to measure agricultural performance besides food yield: energy use, environmental costs, water purity, carbon footprint and biodiversity. It is clear, for example, that the carbon of transporting tomatoes from Spain to the UK is less than that of producing them in the UK with additional heating and lighting. But we do not know whether lower carbon footprints will always be better for biodiversity.
What is crucial is recognizing that sustainable agriculture is not just about sustainable food production.
52. How do people often measure progress in agriculture?
&& A) By its productivity&& C) By its impact on the environment
&& B) By its sustainability &D) By its contribution to economic growth
53. Specialisation and the effort to increase yields have resulted in________.
&& A) Localised pollution&& &&&C) competition from overseas
&& B) the shrinking of farmland &D) the decrease of biodiversity
54. What does the author think of traditional farming practices?
& A) They have remained the same over the centuries
& B) They have not kept pace with population growth
& C) They are not necessarily sustainable
& D) They are environmentally friendly
55. What will agriculture be like in the 21st century
& A) It will go through radical changes
& B) It will supply more animal products
& C) It will abandon traditional farming practices
& D) It will cause zero damage to the environment
56 What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
& A) To remind people of the need of sustainable development
& B) To suggest ways of ensuring sustainable food production
& C) To advance new criteria for measuring farming progress
& D) To urge people to rethink what sustainable agriculture is
Passage Two
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
The percentage of immigrants (including those unlawfully present) in the United states has been creeping upward for years. At 12.6 percent, it is now higher than at any point since the mid1920s.
& &We are not about to go back to the days when Congress openly worried about inferior races polluting America’s bloodstream. But once again we are wondering whether we have too many of the wrong sort newcomers. Their loudest critics argue that the new wave of immigrants cannot, and indeed do not want to, fit in as previous generations did.
&We now know that these racist views were wrong. In time, Italians, Romanians and members of other so-called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, in ways too numerous to detail, to the building of this magnificent nation. There is no reason why these new immigrants should not have the same success.
&Although children of Mexican immigrants do better, in terms of educational and professional attainment, than their parents UCLA sociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains don’t continue. Indeed, the fouth generation is marginally worse off than the third James Jackson, of the University of Michigan, has found a similar trend among black Caribbean immigrants, Tells fears that Mexican-Americans may be fated to follow in the footsteps of American blacks-that large parts of the community may become miredin a seemingly &permanent state of poverty and Underachievement. Like African-Americans, Mexican-Americans are increasingly relegated to ()segregated, substandard schools, and their dropout rate is the highest for any &ethnic group in the country.
&We have learned much about the foolish idea of excluding people on the presumption of the ethnic/racial inferiority. But what we have not yet learned is how to make the process of Americanization work for all. I am not talking about requiring people to learn English or to adopt A those things happen pretty much on their own, but as arguments about immigration hear up the campaign trail, we also ought to ask some broader question about assimilation, about how to ensure that people , once outsiders , don’t forever remain marginalized within these shores.
&&&& That is a much larger question than what should happen with undocumented workers, or how best to secure the border, and it is one that affects not only newcomers but groups that have been here for generations. It will have more impact on our future than where we decide to set the admissions bar for the latest ware of would-be Americans. And it would be nice if we finally got the answer right.
57. How were immigrants viewed by U.S. Congress in early days?
A) They were of inferior races.
B) They were a Source of political corruption.
C) They were a threat to the nation’s security.
D) They were part of the nation’s bloodstream.
58. What does the author think of the new immigrants?
A) They will be a dynamic work force in the U.S.
B) They can do just as well as their predecessors.
C) They will be very disappointed on the new land.
D) They may find it hard to fit into the mainstream.
59. What does Edward Telles’ research say about Mexican-Americans?
A) They may slowly improve from generation to generation.
B) They will do better in terms of educational attainment.
C) They will melt into the African-American community.
D) They may forever remain poor and underachieving.
60. What should be done to help the new immigrants?
A) Rid them of their inferiority complex.
B) Urge them to adopt American customs.
C) Prevent them from being marginalized.
D) Teach them standard American English.
61. According to the author, the burning issue concerning immigration is_______.
A) How to deal with people entering the U.S. without documents
B) How to help immigrants to better fit into American society
C) How to stop illegal immigrants from crossing the border
D) How to limit the number of immigrants to enter the U.S.
&Part V &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Cloze &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 15 minutes
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C]and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
&Individuals and businesses have legal protection for intellectual property they create and own. Intellectual proper__62__from creative thinking and may include products, __63__, processes, and ideas. Intellectual property is protected__64__& misappropriation(盗用).Misappropriation is taking the Intellectual property of others with our__65__ compensation and using it for monetary gain.Legal protection is provided for the __66__of intellectual property. The three common types of legal protection are patents, copyrights, and trademarks.Patents provide exclusive use of inventions. If the US patent office __67__ a patent, it is confirming that the intellectual property is __68__. The patent prevents others from making, using, or selling the invention without the owner’s__69__ for a period of 20 years.Copyrights are similar to patents __70__that they are applied to artistic works. A copyright protects the creator of an __72__artisitic or intellectual work, such as a song or a novel. A copyright gives the owner exclusive rights to copy, __72__ display, or perform the work.. The copyright prevents others from using and selling the work, the __73__ of a copyright is typically the lifetime of the author__74__an additional 70 years.&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& &Trademarks are words, names, or symbols that identify the manufacturer of a product and__75__it&&&&&&&&&& from similar goods of others.& A service mark is&&similar to a trademark__76__is used to identify services. A trademark prevents others from using& the__77__or a similar word, name, or symbol to&&&take advantage of the recognition and__78__of the&brand or to create confusion in the market place.& &__79__registration, a trademark is usually granted for a period of ten years. It can be__80__for&&additional ten-year periods indefinitely as__81__as&&the mark’s use continues.62. [A]retrieves&&&& [B]deviates[C]results&&&&&& [D]departs63.[A]services&&&&& [B]reserves [C]assumptions& [D]motions64. [A]for&&&&& [B] with [C]by&&&&&& [D]from 65. [A] sound& [B] partial [C] due&&& [D] random 66. [A] users&&&& [B] owners [C] masters&& [D] executives 67. [A] affords&&&&& [B] affiliates [C] funds&&&&&& [D] grants 68. [A] solemn&&&& [B] sober [C] unique&&&& [D] universal 69. [A] perspective&& [B] permission [C] conformity&& [D] consensus 70. [A] except&& [B] besides [C] beyond& [D] despite 71. [A] absolute&& [B] alternative [C] original&&& [D] orthodox 72. [A] presume&&&& [B] stimulate [C] nominate&&& [D] distribute 73. [此新闻共有2页
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