谈谈介词动词和短语动词的区别--《英语自学》1995年05期
谈谈介词动词和短语动词的区别
【摘要】：正 介词动词(prepositional verb)和短语动词(phrasal verb)在组成形式的外表上似乎很相似,都是动词加另一部分组成。有些人常常会混淆了这两种形式的动词的用法,如受 Look it up(in the dictionary)的影响,也误用 Look them after(in the kindergarten)。因此,为了避免使用上的错误,识别这两种动词是很重要的.
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介词动词恤ep璐itional,。七)和短语动词(户ra吕al verb)在组成形式的外表上似乎很相似,都是动词加另一部分组成。有些人常常会混淆了这两种形式的动词的用法,如受LOOk ituP(in thed涌如脚)的影响,也误用L沁k them叙ner伽奴物d雌ar’ten).因此,为了进免使用上的错误,识别这两
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京公网安备75号&短语动词是有动词加介词、副词或其他词构成的固定词组，其作用和动词差不多。有些短语动词相当于及物动词，有些相当于不及物动词。
短语动词 -
动词加at,for,from,into,of,to.with构成的短语动词总是动介型的。例如：
I don’t much care for television．我不很喜欢电视。（care for=like）
短语动词 -
动词加away,back,out,ahead,forward,aside构成的短语总是动副型的.例如:
She& picked the book up.
She picked up the book.
短语动词 -
动词+名词+介词
&这短语只用作及物动词。名词前可加形容词说明程度，宾语总是位于介词之后，例如：&Keep an eye on the baby while I am out．我不在家时请照看一下小孩子。 　
短语动词 -
动词+副词+介词　
这类动词短语相当于一个及物动词。例如：&ｐlease keep out of&her affairs.请不要介入她的事情。&
短语动词 -
某些及物动词和不及物动词的含义比较
有些动词，既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词，但用作“及物动词”是一种意思，而用作“不及物动词＋介词”是另一种意思。例如：
She answered me.她回答了我。
She will&answer for his safety.她要为她的安全负责。
短语动词 -
英语的短语动词与动词短语有何区别
一、短语动词由动词加上介词或副词小品词构成。比如： 1. 由动词break构成的常见短语动词有： break away (from) 突然逃离；断绝往来，脱离；改掉，破除 break down (机器等)坏了；(计划等)失败；(谈话等)中断；(健康等)变坏；感情失去控制 break in 突然进来，强行进入；插嘴，打岔；训练，使适应 break into 强行进入；突然…起来；打断，插嘴；占用时间 break off 停止讲话；暂停，休息；(使)折断 break out (火灾、战争等)突然发生，爆发
突破；克服，征服；强行穿过；(太阳等)从云层里出来 break up 解散，驱散；(学校等)放假；结束，破裂；击碎；绝交 break with 与…绝交，与…决裂 2. 又如由bring构成的常用短语动词有： bring about 引起，实现，导致 bring (a)round 使改变观点或看法；使苏醒；顺便把某人带来串门 bring back 送还；使想起，使恢复 bring down 击落；打死，打伤；使倒下；降低 bring forth 产生，引起，结果 bring in 收获；获利；介绍，引进；聘请；逮捕 bring off 从船上救出；设法做成 bring on 带来，引起；促使生长；帮助提高 bring out 取出，拿出；显示出，使出来；出版 bring over 说服，使改变(思想等) bring through 使度过(困难，危机等) bring together 使和解 bring up 提出，提起；抚养，培养；呕吐 这样的例子很多，欲需更详细的资料，可参考一本好的语法书，或上“英语语法网”查阅相关信息。 二、动词短语由动词加上宾语或状语构成。如： break a glass 打破一个玻璃杯 break one’s leg 摔断腿 break a window 打破窗户 break the rules 违反规定 break a bad habit 改掉坏习惯 break the world record 打破世界记录 bread easily 容易断 break to pieces 破成碎片 bring a book 带来一本书 bring sb sth 给某人带来某物() bring sb great satisfaction 给某人带来极大的快慰 bring death and
导致死亡和饥荒
最近14年(含2008年)高考英语语法题详解
1. I can hardly hear the radio. Would you please __________? (NMET1995) A. turn it on B. turn it down C. turn it up D. turn it off 2. It is wise to have some money __________ for old age. (NMET1996) A. put away B. kept up C. given away D.
up 3. She __________ his number in the phone book to make sure that she had got it right. (NMET1997) A. looked up B. looked for C. picked out D. picked up 4. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to __________. (NMET1998) A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out 5. We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it __________ very well. (NMET2001) A. worked out B. tried out C. went on D. carried on 6. We thought of selling this old furniture, but we’ve decided to __________ it. It might be valuable. (NMET2002) A. hold on to B. keep up with C. turn to D. look after 7. News reports say peace talks between the two countries __________ with no agreement reached. (NMET2003) A. have broken down B. have broken out C. have broken in D. have broken up 8. I’m planning to hold a party in the open air, but I can make no guarantees because it __________ the weather. (2001上海卷) A. links with B. depends on C. connects to D. decides on 9. Can you make a sentence to __________ the meaning of the phrase? (2002上海卷) A. show off B. turn out C. bring out D. take in 10. The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather __________ the helplessness of the crew at sea. (2003上海卷) A. added to B. resulted from C. turned out D. made up 11. —It’s a good idea. But who’s going to __________ the plan? —I think Tom and Grey will. (2000北京春) A. set aside B. carry out C. take in D. get through 12. Would you slow down a bit? I can’t __________ you. (2001北京春) A. keep up with B. put up with C. make up to D. hold on to 13. —Smoking is bad for your health. —Yes I know. But I simply can’t __________. (2002北京春) A. give it up B. give it in C. give it out D. give it away 14. His mother had thought it would be good for his character to __________ from home and earn some money on his own. (2002北京春) A. run away B. take away C. keep away D. get away 15. If you __________ any problems when you arrive at the airport, give me a ring. (2002上海春) A.
B. set about C. run into D. put aside 16. The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to __________. (2003北京春) A. make it out B. make it off C. make it up D. make it over 17. Don’t mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may __________ the shocking ending. (2003北京春) A. give away B. give out C. give up D. give off 18. We're going to __________ with some friends for a picnic. Would you like to join us? (2004北京春) A. get in 　　　　　 B. get over C. get along 　　　 D. get together 19. He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was __________ from the outside world. (2004北京春) A. cut out 　　　　 B. cut off C. cut up 　　　　 D. cut through 20. In some western countries, demand for graduates from MBA courses has __________. (2004广西卷) A. turned down B. turned over C. fallen down D. fallen over 【答案与详解】 1. C。turn up 调大(收音机、电视机等的)音量; turn on 开(收音机、电视机); turn down 调小音量; turn off 关掉。 2. A。put away 储蓄(钱以备用)，教材上未出现过此意，因此当年只有21%的同学选对; keep up 维持、使…不下落;
储存某物。 3. A。look up(在书中)查寻; look for 寻找; pick out 挑选出; pick up 捡起、用车接(人)或搭客、便宜买到、得到、学会。 4. D。go out(灯、火等)熄灭; put up 举起、张贴; give in 屈服; turn on 打开(电视、收音机、水龙头等)。 5. A。work out 在课本中只出现过“计算出; 解答出”之意，但在本题中意为“结果是; 以某种方式发展”。句意为“虽然…但结果很不错。”try out 试验; go on 继续; carry on 继续下去。 6. A。教材中只学过“别挂电话”的 hold on。但句中 hold on to 意为“保留; 不放弃(所拥有之物) (=try to keep)”。句意为“我们曾考虑过卖掉这件旧家具，但我们现在已经决定保留它，它可能有价值。”keep up with 赶上; turn to转向、求助于。 7. A。教材中 break down 作“分解”讲，但在本题中却意为“失败”。break out 爆发; break in 闯入、插嘴; break up 分解、驱散、结束。 8. B。depend on 取决于、依赖; link with 联系着; connect to 连接; decide on 决定(做某事)。 9. C。bring out 使清楚、说明; show off 炫耀(贬); turn out 露面; take in 吸入。 10. A。add to 增加(=increase); result from 产生于(某原因); turn out 生产出、培养出; make up 编造、组成。 11. B。carry out 实现或完成(计划、任务等)、进行(实验); set aside 搁置; take in 吸收; get through with sth 完成某事。 12. A。keep up with sb 跟上某人; put up with sb 忍受或容忍某人; make up to sb 讨好或巴结某人; hold on to sb 抓住某人。 13. A。give up 放弃、戒掉; give in 投降(不可接宾语); give out 分发; give away 赠送、泄露。 14. D。get away 离开、逃脱、逃避; take away 带走(后面要接宾语); keep away from 不要靠近。run away from home 离家出走。 15. C。run into 遭遇(困难或问题)、偶遇某人; come up with 找到答案、提出办法; set about 开始(某事); put aside 把某物放到一边、储存。 16. A。make out 理解、弄明白; make off 匆匆逃走; make up 虚构; make over 改变。 17. A。give away 泄露; give out 分发; give up 放弃; give off 散发。句意为：别在故事开头时提这件事，否则会把出人意料的结尾透露出去。 18. D。比较：get together 意为“欢聚”; get in 意为“进入，收获，陷入”; get over意为“爬过，克服，熬过”; get along with意为“与……相处”。 19. B。比较：cut off 意为“切断，剥夺”，与语境符合。cut out意为“切掉，裁剪出”，cut up意为“切碎，歼灭”，cut through意为“刺穿，抄近路”，均不符合语境。 20. C。fall down倒下、跪拜、下降; turn down拒绝、关小; turn over打翻、翻身、反复考虑、营业额达到; fall over跌倒。
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display: 'inlay-fix'英语中有特殊意义的动词短语_英语语法词汇
& 英语中有特殊意义的动词短语
英语中有特殊意义的动词短语
　　美国人平时所用的许多短语，看似普通，但有的会有特e意义，究竟是俚语、口语或俗语，没有绝对的定义。其实名称不重要，最重要的是懂得意义和用法，不是吗？
　　1、to have(many) irons in the fire: to have a lot of activities going on at the same time（同时有许多事，想马上全部做完，但又不知从何开始，似乎忙得不可开交）
　　don't bother him because he has many irons in the fire. 　　e打扰他，他事情太多，忙得很！
　　some people even like to have many irons in the fire.　　有些人喜欢有很多事忙忙碌碌。
　　2、to talk over (one's) head(s): to use large or big words so that audience will not understand exact meaning（指所谈论的内容过于专业或高深，非一般人可以理解；也指有人为了表F自己才学非凡，故意谈些高深理论或用些难字，吓唬e人）
　　dr. lee's lecture was so specialized that he almost talked over our heads.　　李博士的演讲太专业了，几乎使我们无法理解。
　　in order to show his profound knowledge he talks over my head.　　为了表F他的学问高深，他故弄玄虚。
　　3、to put (something) back into (in) its cage: to put something under control (可以控制某件事情，多半指政治、健康等)
　　we are trying to put inflation back into its cage and our economy is on the mend.　　我们正在设法控制通货膨胀，同时改善我们得经济。
　　iplomats and politicians need to put aggression and hostility back into its cage. 　　外交官和政客应该收敛攻击和敌对的行为。
　　4、to keep (one's) fingers crossed: to hope something good will happen（祝福某人好运或一切顺利。把食指与中指交叉，祈求好运，是老外的迷信，但在写信或正式场合，多半是用&i wish you best (good) luck!&或&good (best) luck to you!&）
　　he keeps his fingers crossed hoping his father will send him more money.　　他盼望有好运，老爸能多寄点钱给他。
　　many people have been keeping their fingers crossed that we can live in a peaceful world.　　许多人都在祈求好运，盼能在和平的世界里生活。
　　5、to stretch (one's) legs: to relax or to take a short break（久坐后，把腿舒展一下，或稍微休息一下）
　let's take ten minutes to stretch our legs.　　让我们先休息十分钟。
　　may i take a break so that i can stretch my legs?　　我可以休息一会儿伸伸腿吗？
　　during the a long flight from the us to taiwan, i normally stretch my legs every two hours.　　在从美国到台湾的长途飞行中，我通常每两个小时起身走走。
　　6、to read between the lines：to interpret the hidden meaning to discern the true fact（从字里行间体会隐含的意义；领会言外之意或能了解其中的真正意义）
　　as you look at this poem, be sure to read between the lines.　　读这首诗的时候，要从字里行间去体会它的含义。
　　after he re-read the love letter between the lines, he realized that he was dumped by his sweetheart.　　重读情书之后，他终于明白他已经被情人抛弃了。
　　7、to let off steam：to give vent to one's anger （发泄、出气，像放掉蒸汽以减少压力似的。这与&to fly off the handle&意思相近，但比&to lose temper&委婉客气些 ）
　what will you do if your wife lets off steam?　　假如你太太大发脾气的话，你该怎么办呢？（因为谈论的对象使对方的太太，所以语气要委婉客气些。）
　　但是谈到第三者，就可不必太委婉，可用 lose temper: 　　what will you do if one of your staff lose temper? 　　如果你的同事冲你发脾气你该怎么办呢？
　　occasionally we should be given a chance to let off steam.　　我们应该不时的发泄一下情绪。
　　8、to pay through the nose: to pay too much for something or excessively expensive （花费太多，代价过高，与& to cost an arm and a leg&意义相近）
　don't pay through the nose when you buy the furniture.　　不要花太多的钱买家具。
　some women paid through the noses for their jewelry.　　有些女人花大把的钱购买珠宝首饰。
　　9、to take center stage：to be in the spotlight（引人注目的中心人物；以某人为公众瞩目的对象）
　　mrs. lin always takes center stage at a party.　　林太太总能成为宴会上的焦点。
　　president bush takes center stage wherever he goes. 　　布什总统不论走到哪里，都是公众瞩目的焦点。
　　his constant taking center stage could deprive him of his privacy. 　　他好出风头的毛病让他毫无隐私可言。
　　10、to drag(one's)feet: to procrastinate or postpone（慢慢的拖延，行动迟缓，拖拖拉拉）
　　it is not a good idea to drag your feet when the work needs to be done.　　拖延工作是不好的。
　　no employers like for their employees to drag their feet on any project.　　工作拖拖拉拉的员工总是不受欢迎的。
　　11、to paint(someone or oneself)into a corner:to tra to be in trouble（使自己或某人陷入困境, 应该注意的是即使主语是复数形式，corner 仍然用单数）
　don't try to paint yourself into a corner. (不要让自己身陷困境，无法脱身。) 　　after a heated debate with his boss, mr. chen has painted himself into a corner. (和老板激烈的争辩之后，陈先生处境十分不妙。)
　　12、to ask(someone) for (one's) hand: to ask girl's parents for marriage approval（指男人请求女方家长应允将女儿嫁给他， 这里的&someone&是指女方的家长，&one&则是指要求婚的对象，hand 只能用单数形式）
　　mr. su asked me for my daughter's hand. 　　苏先生到我家来向我女儿提亲。
　he has asked her parents for their daughter's hand. 　　他请求她的父母应允他们的婚事。
　　13、to move onward and upward: from good to better situation（情况得以改善，或往更好的情r发展）
　　he hopes to move onward and upward with his current company.　　他希望能在现在就职的公司里顺利发展，步步高升。
　　many young couples try to move onward and upward during their marriage.　　许多年轻夫妇都希望能够婚姻美满幸福。
　　14、to call a spade a spade: to be honest, blunt or frank（直言不讳，有啥说啥）
　my wife always calls a spade a spade about her work situation.　　我妻子对别人谈起她的工作时，总是直言不讳。
calling a spade a spade on foreign affairs sometimes seems difficult for diplomats. 　　外交官在处理外交事务的时候很难做到直言不讳。
　　15、to play cat and mouse: to play games with aggressive and passive attitude（玩猫戏老鼠的把戏，欲擒故纵)
　　in business negotiations, there are always cat-and-mouse games.　　在商业谈判中，常会有一些猫戏老鼠的把戏。
　　the police have played cat and mouse with the murderer.　　警察对凶犯采用的是欲擒故纵的策略。
　　16、to go on the dole: (of the unemployed) to live on public welfare（失业人员依靠政府救济金生活。)
　　thousands of americans are out of jobs and may go on the dole.　　美国成千上万的失业者靠领取政局救济金生活。
　　some people have gone on the dole for years.　　有些人多年来就是靠政府救济生活的。
　　17、to be in the hot seat: to be under lots of pressure or in a difficult position（处于困境，面对很多压力）
　he has resigned from his job because he has been in the hot seat for years.　　由于不堪多年的工作压力，他终于辞职了。
　　when testifies before congress, he will be in the hot seat.　　在国会作证的时候，他将面临巨大的压力。
　　18、to make waves: to make trouble（惹是生非，与&rock the boat&意思相近）
　　many politicians like to make waves in order to be kept in the media.　　许多政客为了能在媒体上路脸儿而不惜哗众取宠。
　teenagers tend to make waves with their parents and teachers.一些青少年总是会给父母和老师惹麻烦。
　　19、to keep (one's) nose clean: to keep away from trouble（远离是非，少惹麻烦）
　the newly released inmates are trying to keep their noses clean.　　刚刚获释的犯人总是尽量少惹是非。
　　a law-abiding person needs to keep his (her) nose clean.　　奉公守法的人应该避免制造麻烦。
　　20、to drive (someone) up the wall: to annoy or upset someone（惹人生气或者不高兴)
　the boy is driving his mother up the wall because of his ill behavior.　　这个不听话的孩子让他妈妈大为头痛。
　　if you ask too many questions, you may drive your boss up the wall.　　假如你的问题太多也会让你的老板很反感。
　　21、to write(someone or something)off: to throw away or to discard(抛弃或者丢弃); to deduct a business loss（在经商失败时，也用于报销、注销或扣除损失的数额中）
　after a hot argument, she wrote off her boyfriend.　　她和男朋友大吵了一架之后，就把他甩了。
　he will write off the charitable contributions from his income taxes.　　他从所得税中扣除了慈善募捐的金额。
　　22、to take up with (someone): to date someone or to fall in love with someone（对某人产生兴趣，或与某人开始亲密交往）
　after he met her at the bar, he took up with her.　　自从在酒吧见过一面之后，他对她产生了兴趣。
　　as she is such a pretty woman, many men would like to take up with her.　　像她这么漂亮的女人，许多男人都对她有兴趣。
　　24、to pave the way to (or for): to make the path or to lay a groundwork of something（为&&铺平道路或为&&做好准备）
　　a good education will pave the way to finding a decent job.　　好的教育是好的工作的基础。
　　early space exploration has paved the way for the current space station.　　早期的太空探索为如今的太空站建设奠定了基础。
　　25、to paint the town red: to have a good time（尽情享受）
　　he is going out tonight to paint the town red. 　　他今天晚上要玩个痛快。
　　miss chen really painted the town red last week with her friends. 　　陈小姐上周和朋友玩得很尽兴。
英语中有特殊意义的动词短语 相关内容:查看更多>>