散文吧网站海不择细流，故能成其大。山不拒细壤，方能就其高。分词的用法总结归纳相关话题以下是小编为大家整理的分词的用法的用法总结，希望能帮助大家更好地认识分词，提高英语水平。
分词作定语
We can see the rising sun. 我们可以看到东升的旭日
He is a retired worker.
他是位退休的工人
分词后置 (i分词词组;ii 个别分词如given, iii 修饰不定代词 something等)
There was a girl sitting there. 有个女孩坐在那里
There is nothing interesting.
没有有趣的东西
This is the question given.
这是所给的问题
过去分词作定语
与其修饰的词是被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.
Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa.
1)What's the language ____ in Germany?
A. speaking
C. be spoken
D. to speak
答案B. 主语language与谓语动词之间有被动的含义。
2) The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. have written
B. to be written
C. being written
D. written
答案D. 书与写作是被动关系，应用过去分词做定语表被动，相当于定语从句 which is written
2)What's the language ____ in Germany?
A. speaking
C. be spoken
D. to speak
答案B. 主语language与谓语动词之间有被动的含义。
spoken是动词speak的过去分词形式，在句中作定语，修饰主语language, spoken 与 language有被动关系。该句可以理解为：
What's the language (which is) spoken in German?
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过去分词作状语：1.条件状语（1）Given more time we could do it much better.作条件状语相当于if/unless引导的条件状从。If we were given more time…2.时间状语Asked why he was late,the boy made no answer.作时间状语相当于when/while等引导的时间状从。When he was asked why he was late,the boy made no answer.3.原因状语Encouraged by the teacher’s words, he went on with his research work.作原因状语相当于as/since/because引导的原因状从Because he was encouraged by….4.让步状语Laughed at by many people,he continued his study.作让步状语相当于though/although/even if引导的让步状从。Though he was laughed at by…5.方式或伴随状语The old man went into the room,supported by his wife.Seated at the table,my father and I were talking about my job.The teacher stood there surrounded by many students.(表伴随，无连词相通）
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分词短语作状语用法盘点
作者：网编整理&&来源：新东方论坛&&时间：
　　一、时间状语
　　Hearing the news, he jumped for joy. 听了这消息时高兴得跳了起来。
　　Asked who he was, he made no reply. 当问到他是谁时，他没作回答。
　　上面两句中的分词短语均用作时间状语，均可改为时间状语从句，其中现在分词短语hearing the news相当于when he heard the news，过去分词短语asked who he was相当于when he was asked who he was。
　　二、原因状语
　　Being sick I stayed at home. 我因病呆在家中。
　　Much discouraged，she moved on to London. 她很沮丧，搬到了伦敦。
　　两句中的分词短语均用作原因状语，其中现在分词短语being sick相当于as he was sick，过去分词短语much discourage相当于as she was discouraged。
　　三、条件状语
　　Working hard, you will succeed. 如果努力工作，你就可以成功。
　　Compared with you, I still have a long way to go. 跟你比较起来，我还差得很远呢。
　　两句中的分词短语均用作条件状语，其中第一句中的现在分词短语working hard相当于if you work hard，第二句中的compared with you相当于if I was compared with you。
　　四、让步状语
　　Although living miles away, he never came late. 虽然住在几英里以外，他从未迟到。
　　Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. 虽然被击败了，他仍是一个受欢迎的拳击手。
　　两句中的分词短短语均表示让步，含有“虽然”“尽管”之意，其中第一句中的although living miles away相当于although he lived miles away；第二句中的defeated相当于though he was defeated。
　　五、方式状语
　　He made a lot of money selling waste materials. 他靠卖废料赚了不少钱。
　　I’m returning you letter as requested. 我按要求给你退信。
　　第一句中的现在分词短语selling waste materials表示方式，相当于by selling waste materials；第二句的as requested也表示方式，相当于as it is required。
　　六、伴随状语
　　He was lying on the sofa watching TV. 他躺在沙发上看电视。
　　He came in, followed by his wife. 他走了进来，后面跟着他的妻子。
　　两句中的分词短语均表示伴随，第一句中的watching TV伴随谓语动作was lying同时进行；第二句中的followed by his wife伴随谓语动作came in同时发生。
　　七、结果状语
　　I fell, striking my head against the door. 我摔倒在地，头撞到门上。
　　He died, leaving his wife with five children. 他死了，留下他妻子和五个孩子。
　　两句中的striking my head against the door和leaving his wife with five children均为结果状语，分别表示“摔倒”和“死”所带来的结果。
　　（责任编辑：胡静平）
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现在分词短语作状语用法
现在分词短语作状语用法
　　现在分词短语可以用作状语，修饰句子中由谓语表示的主要动作。这个状语可以表示动作发生的时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或表示主要动作发生的伴随情况，通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。一般说来，这种结构的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。下面分述如下：
　　一、作时间状语
　　如果现在分词的动作和主谓语的动作同时发生，分词用一般式，有时其前可以加上连词while或when。例如：
　　①Hearing the news，they all jumped with joy.(=When they heard the news，they...)
　　听到这个消息时，他们都高兴得跳了起来。
　　②Walking slowly across the grass，he pointed the gun at the lion and fired.
　　他慢慢地走过草地，把枪对准狮子就射击了。
　　③One day，while walking along the sands towards his boat，Crusoe saw in the sand the mark of a man's foot.
　　有一天，克鲁索沿着沙滩走向他的船时，在沙子里看见一个人的脚印。
　　如果现在分词的动作结束之后，谓语动词的动作才发生，现在分词应用完成式。这时分词所表示的动作有一定的持续性。如果用一般式就会给人感觉到似乎是&某人在做某事时就开始做某事&，容易产生误解。但是，如果现在分词是hear，see等表示感官的动词或是leave，arrive，turn，open等表示位置转换或情况改变的动词，现在分词所表示的动作发生后，主句的动作往往紧接着发生，那就不必用完成式，仍用一般式。例如：
　　①Having watered the flowers(=After/When he had watered the flowers)，he began to cut the grass.
　　他把花浇好后，开始割草。
　　②Having eaten his dinner，the boy rushed out.
　　那男孩吃完了饭就跑出去了。
　　③Hearing the footstep below(=When he heard the footstep below)，he rose and went to the top of the stairs.
　　听见下面脚步声，他站起身来走到楼梯口去。
　　④Seeing a large cake flying through the air，the driver pulled up quickly.
　　司机看见一只大蛋糕在空中掠过，赶紧刹车。
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