Mitten与glove一般用单数还是复数。Mitten变复数，s怎样读？_百度知道
Mitten与glove一般用单数还是复数。Mitten变复数，s怎样读？
提问者采纳
通常以复数出现，但是要指其中的一只用单数，在加复数的时候，尾音要是轻辅音结尾的话读s。要是浊辅音和元音为结尾的就读z。这两个变复数的时候都读z，因为n和v都是浊辅音！
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其他2条回答
a pair of gloves a pair of mittens 用了a pair of 当然是复数啦，有两只。 一只手套 a glove a mitten这两个词复数加s后都读z.
a pair of mittena pair of glove
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出门在外也不愁a pair of是单数还是复数概念？_百度知道
a pair of是单数还是复数概念？
a pair of +Cn复数是复数概念+Un呢？有没有可能加Cn单数呢？请举例说明
提问者采纳
我觉得这个词组只能跟Countable noun,因为不可数名词的话是不能说出具体个数的，当然具体化了的用法除外（比如 I'd like a beer.），既然数不出个数，那自然也不能说一双或者两个Cn加单数我一下子想不起来，我觉得应该没有吧
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a pair of表示一双或者一对什么东西，例如a pair of glasses，一副眼镜，但是眼睛是两个镜片的，再如一条裤子a pair of trousers，都是要加可数名词的复数形式的
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出门在外也不愁a&pair&of&shoes&is&...&or&&are&...?(转)
這個問題讓我想了一下。有趣的是，我在三本超過1000頁的書裡都沒查到針對這個問題的解釋（當然也可能是我漏查了），倒是在英文用法字典裡找到一些說明，節錄於下給大家參考。中括號[]裡的文字都是我加進去的。
簡單說，pair可視為和family一樣的集合名詞(collective
noun)，要視為單數還是複數通常視使用者的意念而定（只有指人時，通常視為複數，因為人是單獨的個體）。因此There is a
pair of shoes under the bed.應該比There are a pair of shoes under the
bed.常見，因為除了dj所說的發音習慣外，我們應該是把這雙鞋視為成對的整體，而不是指兩隻鞋。同樣道理，底下的Harper會舉例This
pair of gloves is wearing out.而Right, Wrong, and
Risky的作者會認為買鞋時會說That pair of shoes is just what I was looking
for.而不會說That pair of shoes are just what I was looking
for.，因為我們買鞋時是想著買成對的一雙鞋，而不是兩隻鞋。我想dj所引用的British National Corpus
(一個英語學者經常使用的重要語料庫)中There is a pair of出現頻率是There are a pair
of出現頻率的三倍，不是沒有道理的──正如Penguin所說： “Pair . . . often stresses . . .
close association, perhaps . . . mutual
dependence.”（原文引於下）。因其通常強調close association和mutual
dependence，所以被視為成對整體的機率較高。
不過A pair of shoes are more expensive than a pair of
socks.念起來好像也很順，可能是dj所言的shoes接are很順，但這句應該也可說成A pair of shoes is more
expensive than a pair of
socks.因為價錢應該是一雙的，而不是兩隻的。我在google網址設於美國的網站上查到十筆 “a pair of shoes
is”的用法，其中包括：
For example, if a pair of shoes is sold for $120.00, the shoes are
not exempt because they exceed the per item clothing price limit of
$100.00 per item. （賣鞋是整雙賣，價錢也是整雙算）
The height of the heel in shoes will have a lot of bearing on how a
pair of shoes is worn.
Avid runners can sometimes determine that a pair of shoes is
becoming worn by feeling extra soreness in their muscles or joints
after a run.
“a pair of shoes are”有四筆，但其中有一筆用are不是因為a pair of
shoes.所以只能算三筆。
網址設於英國的網站則查到251筆 “a pair of shoes is”，其中包括
That is excellent considering a pair of shoes is around &40.
（賣鞋是整雙賣，價錢也是整雙算）
但這251筆包括不同狀況的例子，例如：
I think spending &7000 on a pair of shoes is just
shameful.所以實際上可能沒那麼多。
“a pair of shoes are”則僅五筆，但其中包括
Is it true that the more expensive a pair of shoes are, the better
the quality and the more comfortable they will be?──這位作者顯然覺得a pair
of shoes are expensive是很自然的連結概念。
所以我們似乎可以認為 “A pair of shoes is more expensive . . . .”會比 “A pair of
shoes are more expensive . . .
.”常見，但這僅是推論，而且兩種說法應該都沒錯。（吐血中：我最怕文法查到後來，答案是兩個都可以）
以下是引文：
The verb form to be used with “pair” depends on whether the
elements that make up the pair are considered as mates or as
individual items. So it is correct to say, “This pair of gloves is
wearing out” [considered as mates] and “The pair of boys are lazy”
[considered as individuals]. --Harper Dictionary of Contemporary
“Pair” is one of those collective nouns that take a singular or
plural verb according to notional agreement. If you are thinking of
the individuals in the pair, you will use a plural verb: A pair of
elephants were grazing near the camp . . . . If you are thinking of
the pair as a unit, you will use the singular: Genuine crocodile
loafers . . . . The handsome pair has a hand-sewn moccasin
construction . . . . --Webster’s Dictionary of English Usage
Say “pair is” when that word refers to one entity, and say “pair
are” when the word refers to two entities. For example, you’re
thinking of one item when you shop for a pair of shoes. Hence,
you’re correct if you say “That pair of shoes is [not “are”] just
what I was looking for.” （這個中括號是原文作者加的）But you’re thinking of two
entities when you discuss a pair of jaywalkers. --Right, Wrong, and
Risky: A Dictionary of Today’s American English Usage
“Pair,” like “couple,” concerns two of the same kind. “Pair,”
however, often stresses their close association, perhaps their
mutual dependence: a pair of pants, a pair of scissors. “Pair,”
like other collective nouns, may be either singular or plural. It
depends on which gets the emphasis: the group as a unit or its
individual members.
If you say, “A blue pair of pants does not go with a brown pair of
shoes,” you are emphasizing the oneness of each pair. But “A pair
of soldiers were guarding the entrance to their post.” To say “was
guarding . . . its” post would be ridiculous. When “pair” refers to
people, it is normally plural [because people are more likely to be
considered as individuals].
A nature film depicted two dangerous animals of Africa, the cape
buffalo and the hippopotamus. The narrator said, “When the pair
clashes, the outcome is uncertain.” The two “clash.” [So the
narrator made a mistake.] They could not do so if they were “one.”
[By using “clashes,” the narrator was seeing the pair as one.]
Besides, “pair” has special meaning when applied to animals: it
denotes two that are either mated or yoked for labor.
A news story said: “In a rare finding, a pair of twins has been
shown to have different fathers.” Make it either “have been shown
to have different fathers” or “has been shown to have two fathers.”
[So this news reporter also used incorrect English.] That which is
one unit cannot differ from itself. [By using “has” after “a pair
of twins,” the reporter was seeing the pair of twins as one unit,
which is odd.] --The Penguin Dictionary of American English Usage
2 不過我想確定的是"A pair of shoes are ..."這用法是否真的不行。
我回前一篇時並沒有在"A pair of shoes is/are
..."上頭多加著墨，說老實話我也沒想到這。好奇之下我另外自己做了些搜尋:
National British Corpus
"A pair of shoes is" : 0
"A pair of shoes are" : 0
(我是很吃驚...)
(Note:有出現例子，但是不是我要的用法)
THE CORPUS OF CONTEMPORARY AMERICAN ENGLISH
"A pair of shoes is" : 0
"A pair of shoes are" : 1 : 2003, NEWS, Denver, "... A pair of
shoes are more than $ 500...."
(這個.....)
Google Books(出版書籍，可靠度高些)
"A pair of shoes are" : 256(但是相當多不是我要的用法，不過我還是有在頭幾頁找到幾個:
"Footnotes: On Shoes" - page 274
by Shari Benstock, Suzanne Ferriss - Social Science - 2001
To this add the fact that a pair of shoes are mirror
once set to walking, a pair of shoes
begins a chiasmatic rhythm that never quite
我是覺得這例子已經很好了，所以其他的我就不引用了。這句裡頭用了兩個用法。前面的是把"a pair of shoes (are
...)"當成複數(按照文意來讀的話很合理，因為兩只鞋子是彼此的(鏡像)倒影，所以是以兩個個體來看)，而後者("a pair of
shoes (begins ...)")則是當成單一個體。
綜合以上，我對下面這部分的解讀是:
For example, you’re thinking of one item when you shop
for a pair of shoes. Hence, you’re correct if you say “That pair of
shoes is [not “are”] just what I was looking for.”
（這個中括號是原文作者加的）
這裡頭的例句是延續前頭的解說(you're thinking of one
item)，是把一雙鞋子當成單一個體為前提的情況下來設計的例子，所以是"is"，不是"are"，但是這不是表示在其他內文裡頭就不能用"are"(比如我前頭引自Google
Books的例子)。如果"a pair of"本來就只能有一個意思(當單位用的一個單一個體)，那麼我相信作者不需要額外說明"For
example, you're thinking ...."(換句話說，如果you're thinking something
else呢?還是有可能的)
以這字典上例句來說:
“That pair of shoes is just what I was looking for.”
這是描述日常生活買鞋子的情況，而我們也確實是把一雙鞋子當成單一個體(因為是一起買，包裝在同一個盒子裡頭)，這情況在中美皆然，所以這情況(文意)下把一雙鞋子當成是分開的個體是有些奇怪。英式用法我不確定是否是一樣的情況。
以這例句來說的話:
"A pair of shoes are more expensive than a pair of socks."
這是在做一般性的描述，我不敢說用"are"絕對不行，至少在上頭的American
Corpus找到的新聞例句是用"are"，不過這用"is"也不應該有問題才是。
個人傾向於支持複數
1.我的英國籍英文老師是教"複數"
2.我在網路上找到以下網站可供參考：
或是上班日再到以下網站詢問專家(國外週末通常會休假)
日前有個機會請教了一些在台灣工作、母語為英語的外籍人士，共問了九位，年齡全在三十歲以上，也都是專業人士（其中至少有二人有博士學位），結果是：
五位美國人都不假思索地說是 is
二位澳洲人也很確定地說是 is
二位英國人都說是 are . . . .即使被告知其他人都說是
is。再加上Ajooezf的英國籍老師，三位英國人都會用are
這似乎應證了以前讀到的「英式英語會將集合名詞視為複數使用，美式英語則通常視為單數」，而pair既然在文法體系中常被歸為集合名詞，兩位英國人會用are似乎也順理成章。
我手上有一本Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written
English，是根據四千萬英文字字庫所歸納編寫的，書中有提到，“Singular collective nouns allow
either singular or plural concord (at least in BrE), depending upon
whether the focus is on the group as a whole or on the individuals
making up the group. . . . Most collective nouns, such as committee
and government, typically take singular concord . . . . In
contrast, a few collective nouns such as family and crew regularly
take both singular and plural concord in BrE, although singular
concord is preferred in AmE . . . . In fact, nearly all collective
nouns occasionally occur with plural concord in BrE.”
Ajooezf列出的三個網站，第二個我連不上，第三個我沒上去問，至於第一個網站是BBC World
Service的網站，其中有關集合名詞後接單數或複數動詞的說法和其他的文法書（如Longman Grammar）一樣，要看使用者是
“thinking of the group as a unit . . . or as a number of
individuals，所舉例句中的family, government, class, BBC, The British
Council 等名詞，都因此有時接單數、有時接複數動詞。該網站還提到如glasses, jeans, shorts,
trousers, pliers, scissors, directions, manners, means, thanks,
greetings等，人們穿戴、使用、珍視的一些事物通常也接複數動詞，所舉的例句雖然加了a pair of（用來 “refer to
single pieces of clothing or single items of
use”），但動詞依然用複數動詞：
&I took a pair of shorts out of the drawer and put them in my
&I had a pair of field-glasses in my cupboard so I gave them to Tom
for birdwatching.
所以，依照目前查到的文法，以及詢問到的十位母語人士，is和are都對，英國人（BBC也是英國的）會用are，美國人則用is。
已投稿到：
以上网友发言只代表其个人观点，不代表新浪网的观点或立场。当前位置：
＞＞＞-This pair of leather boots __________ nice. Can I ________..
-This pair of leather boots __________ nice. Can I __________?-Certainly, Here you are.
A. look, try it onB. look, try them onC. looks, try it onD. looks, try them on
题型：单选题难度：中档来源：江苏期末题
马上分享给同学
据魔方格专家权威分析，试题“-This pair of leather boots __________ nice. Can I ________..”主要考查你对&&主谓一致，人称代词，动词短语&&等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下：
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因为篇幅有限，只列出部分考点，详细请访问。
主谓一致人称代词动词短语
英语中的一致主要包括主语和谓语在人称和数上的一致、时态一致、名词和其代词的一致。主语和谓语保持一致叫主谓一致，即谓语动词的形式必须随着主语单、复数形式的变化而变化。主谓一致原则:1、语法上的一致所谓语法一致原则，即主语和谓语的语法形式在人称和数上取得一致。谓语的单、复数形式依据主语的单、复数形式而定：主语为复数，谓语动词用复数；主语为单数或者是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。China belongs to the Third World. 中国属于第三世界。We are sure he will come. 我们肯定他会来。使用语法一致的情况（1）当主语是and，both…and连接的并列结构如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物，则谓语动词用复数。My mother and I have seen the film. 我妈妈和我已看过这部电影。Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. 在中国的这个地方既种稻子又种小麦。注意：由and连接的并列主语前面分别有each，every，no修饰时，其谓语动词用单数形式。Every boy and every girl has to receive education in our country. 在我国每一个男女孩子都得受教育。No student and no teacher was invited to the party. 师生没有被邀请参加晚会。（2）主语后面接说明主语的修饰语主语后面接说明主语的修饰语如：with，along with，together with，as well as，like，rather than，but，except，besides，including，in addition to，谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响，仍保持同主语一致的关系。The teacher with two students was at the meeting. 那位老师和两个学生参加了会议。The girl as well as the boys has learned to drive a car. 这个姑娘和男孩子一道，也学会了开汽车。A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift.一个有5000册书的图书馆作为礼物赠送给了国家。E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily communication.电邮和电话在日常的通信中起着很重要的作用。Nobody but Jane knows the secret.只有简知道这个秘密。All but one were here just now. 刚才除了一个人外都来了。（3）非谓语动词或从句作主语非谓语动词 (动词的-ing形式、不定式)或从句作主语时，谓语一般用单数形式。When and where to build the new factory is not decided yet.什么时候在什么地方建新工厂还没定下来。Checking information is very important. 核实事实是非常重要的。To learn foreign languages is not easy. 学习外语并非易事。When we will hold the meeting is not decided yet. 我们何时开会尚未决定。注意：当what引导主语从句或由 and连接两个动词不定式或动名词作主语时，谓语动词的数应根据意义一致的原则来决定。What we need here is money．我们这里需要的是资金。 What we need here are workers．我们这里需要的是工人。 Lying and stealing are immoral．说谎与偷窃是不道德的。（4）each和复合不定代词作主语each和some/any/no//every十body/one/thing构成的复合不定代词：anyone、anybody、anything、everyone、everybody、everything、someone、somebody、something、no one、nobody、nothing、each、the other作主语，谓语动词用单数。 Each is worse than the one before. 一个比一个差。Nobody knows the answer. 没有一个人知道这答案。Someone wants to see you. 有人想见你。Is there anything in the box?箱子里有什么东西吗?There is a lot of milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有很多奶。（5）“many a +单数名词”作主语“many a、(很多)/more than one(不只一个)+单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Many a student has been to Beijing. 很多学生去过北京。There is more than one answer to your question. 你的问题不只有一个答案。（6）“one of+复数名词十定语从句”之前有the等限定词和修饰语“one of+复数名词十定语从句”之前有the only，the very，the等限定词和修饰语时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。Tom is the only one of those boys who is willing to help the old man. 汤姆是唯一的一个愿意帮助那个老人的男孩。He is the only one of the students who has been a winner of scholarship for three years．他是这三年来唯一的一个获得奖学金的学生。注意:如没有这些限定词和修饰语，定语从句的谓语动词采用复数形式。Tom is one of the boys who are always ready to help others. 汤姆是个随时愿意帮助别人的男孩。（7）由两个部分组成的物体名词作主语英语中有些由两个部分组成的物体名称如g1asses(眼镜)，scissors(剪刀)，shorts(短裤)，shoes(鞋子)，trousers(裤子)等作主语，其后的谓语动词用复数形式。His glasses were broken, so he can't see well. 他的眼镜碎了，因而看不清楚。His trousers are made of cotton. 他的裤子是棉布的。注意:若这类名词前带有pair等表示单位的名词时，则以这些名词的单、复数形式决定动词的形式。Two pairs of trousers are missing. 两条裤子不见了。This pair of shoes is not on sale. 这双鞋不出售。2、意义上的一致意义上的一致是指谓语动词与主语的一致取决于主语所表达的意义。若主语形式上为复数，而意义上是单数，动词要用单数；若主语形式上为单数，而意义上为复数，则动词用复数。The United States is in North America. 美国在北美洲。The police are looking into the matter. 警察正在调查此事。使意义上的一致的情况（1）由and连接两个并列主语 其后的谓语动词一般用复数形式。但如果两个单数名词指同一个人、同一事物、单一概念时，谓语动词要用单数，有时两个名词共用一个冠词。The worker and writer has written a new novel. 这位工人兼作家写了一部新小说。(两个名词共用一个冠词)There is a journalist and writer living in America whose name is Alex Haley. 在美国有一个名叫亚利克斯?哈利的记者兼作家。Truth and honesty is always the best policy. 真诚总是上策。注意：用and连接起来的两个单数主语，谓语动词可以是单数，也可以是复数。Three and five makes /make eight.三加五等于八。Time and tide wait/waits for no man .岁月不等人。（2）形复意单的名词作主语①复数形式的专有名词（表示国家、城市、机构、组织以及书籍、报纸、杂志等）做主语，通常作为整体看待，谓语动词用单数。The United States is in North America.美国在北美洲。The Arabian Nights is read all over the world.《天方夜谭》是流传世界各地的名著。The New York Times has a wide circulation.《纽约时报》销路很广。注意：表示山脉、群岛、瀑布等的专有名词和以复数形式出现的表示同姓的一家人或同名、同姓的若干人，谓语也用复数。The Alps rise over 4 countries.阿尔卑斯山脉跨越了四国。Niagara Falls are not as high as Victoria Falls.尼亚加拉瀑布没有维多利亚瀑布高。The Smiths were also invited.史密斯一家人也受到了邀请。There are 3 Marys and 2 Roberts in my class.我班有三个叫玛丽、两个叫罗伯特的学生。②以-ics结尾表示学科的名词做主语，通常表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式。这类名词有：physics, politics, mathematics, economics, athletics, electronics等。Politics is now taught in all schools.现在各学校都开设政治课。Economics is a science of the way in which industry and trade produce and use wealth.经济学是研究工业、贸易生财和用财之道。注意：当这些动词表示有关方面的活动、情况、见解、原理等意思时，谓语动词需用复数形式。What are his politics?他的政见如何？The economics of national growth are of the greatest importance to all modern governments.国家发展经济的原理对现代各国政府都重要。③news，maths，plastics，physics，works，means(方法)，the United States等虽然以-s结尾，但意义上作为单数看待。“News of victories keeps pouring in as our army advances,” the company commander said. 集团军司令说：”随着我们军队的推进胜利的消息接踵而至。”Mathematics/Physics is a required subject for us.数学/物理是我们必修的科目。Every possible means has been used to prevent the air pollution，but the sky is still not clear. 所有可能的直至污染的方法都用了，但天空还是不晴朗的。④成对的名词做主语时用单数形式。Bread and butter is a daily food in the West .面包抹黄油是西方人每天的食品。His gratitude and devotion to the Party is endless.他无限感觉，无限忠于党。⑤“one and a half +复数名词”做主语，谓语动词用单数。One and a half pears is left on the table .一只半梨剩在桌子上。One and a half days is all I can spare.一天半是我所能挤出的全部时间。注意：“one or two+复数名词”做主语，谓语动词用复数。One or two days are enough to see the city.参观该市一两天就足够了。There are one or two things I want to talk over with you .我有一两件事想跟你商量。（3）有生命的集体名词作主语有生命的集体名词 (如people，police，cattle，militia)作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。Cattle are also kept. 还养了一些牛。There are many people there. 那里有很多人。The police are looking for the thief. 公安人员在搜寻那个小偷。All the people of the world want peace.全世界人民都渴望和平。注意：family，team，class，government，audience，crew，committee等集体名词，如果作整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式；如果作个别成员看待，谓语动词用复数形式。people作“民族”解时，作单数用。Zhang’s family is rather big, with twelve people in all.张家很大，一共12口人。The family are sitting at the breakfast table. 这家人正坐在早餐桌旁。My family is a large one. 我家是个大家庭。The class are doing experiment in the lab. 全班同学正在实验室里做实验。The class has won the honour. 这个班获得了荣誉。The Chinese people is a great people.中华民族是一个伟大的民族。（4） 名词化的形容词作主语名词化的形容词作主语，按照意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的单、复数形式。如果指一类人，谓语动词用复数形式，如果指一个人或抽象概念，谓语动词用单数形式。这类形容词有：old, young, rich, poor, blind, deaf, dead, sick等。The rich are not always happy. 富人也有不开心的时候。The wounded is a policeman. 受伤者是一名警察。The beautiful is not always the same as the good. 漂亮的不一定就等于好。（5） 表示时间、距离、金钱、重量等的复数名词作主语表示时间、距离、金钱、重量、度量、容量、温度等的复数名词做主语，通常看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。Twenty years has passed since we left school. 我们离开学校已经20年了。Ten thousand dollars is a lot of money. 一万美元是一大笔钱。Two months is quite a long time. 两个月时间是很长的。Two hours is enough for us to do this experiment.我们做这个实验两个小时就够了。Thirty kilometres is a good distance.30公里是一个相当远的距离。注意：如果说话人侧重一个个的个体，谓语动词用复数形式。Twenty years have passed since we parted.自从我们分手以后20年己经过去了。（6）“a number of十复数可数名词”与“the number of十复数可数名词”作主语“a number of十复数可数名词”表示 “一些、许多”的意思，谓语动词用复数；“the number of十复数可数名词”表示 “……的数目、数量”，谓语动词用单数。The number of people invited was fifty, but a number of them were absent for different reasons.邀请来的人数是50，但很多人因不同的原因没来。A number of books are missing from the library. 图书馆丢了许多书。The number of workers in this factory is increasing. 这家工厂的工人数目正在增加。（7）none of和neither of后跟复数名词或复数代词作主语none of和neither of后跟复数名词或复数代词时，有时作单数看待，有时作复数看待，主要根据说话人的意思决定。None of them has arrived yet at the settlement. 他们没有一个到达新住宅区。None of them have arrived yet. 他们都还没到。（8）“分数/百分数+of短语”作主语“分数/百分数+of短语”作主语，这时要以of短语中的名词是否为复数而定。Two fifths of the land in that district is covered with trees and grass．该地区五分之二的土地为树木和草所覆盖。89% of smokers are male. 89%的吸烟者是男性。In the USA, 75% of the grain is used to feed animals. 在美国，75%的谷物用来喂养动物。Two-thirds of the earth's surface is sea. 地球表面的2/3是海洋。Two-thirds of the people were against the plan. 2/3的人都反对核计划。（9）表示部分概念或不定数量的名词或代词作主语表示部分概念或不定数量的名词或代词作主语，谓语动词用单数还是复数，应根据后接名词的单、复数形式而定。这些名间或代词有all，any，enough，half，more，most，the rest，part，some等。The rest of the buildings are easy to get to. 其余的建筑物并不难上。The rest of his life was happy. 他的晚年生活很幸福。Most of my time was spent in reading. 我大部分时间用来读书。Most of the people are aware of it. 大部分人都知道它。Some of the sugar was spilled on the floor. 一些糖散落在地上。Some of the apples were spilled on the floor. 一些苹果散落在地上。（10）两个主语，一个肯定，一个否定，谓语动词与肯定主语相一致。The parents, and not the son, were missing.失踪者不是儿子，而是他的双亲。3、邻近原则邻近原则是指谓语动词要与它最邻近的名词或代词保持人称与数的一致。Neither he nor I am a student. 他和我都不是学生。There is a pen , two chairs and a desk. 有一支钢笔，两把椅子和一张桌子。这主要有以下几种情况。（1）由or，either…or等连接的并列结构作主语由or、either…or、nor、neither…nor、not only…but also、not…but连接的并列主语，通常按照就近一致原则，谓语动词的单、复数形式依照靠近它的主语而定。Either you or the headmaster is to hand out the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.要么你要么校长在会议上对这些天才的学生颁奖。Neither he nor I have finished the experiment. 他和我都没有做完试验。Either his friends or his brother is wrong. 不是他的朋友们错了，就是他哥哥错了。Not only I but also Jane and Mary are tired of having one examination after another.不仅我而且简和玛丽都讨厌一个接一个的考试。Not only the teacher but also his students have studied the question. 不仅老师而且他的学生们都研究了这个问题。（2）在主谓倒装句时在主谓倒装句中，主语并列，谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语相一致。由here或there引导的句子，若有并列主语，谓语也与最靠近的那个主语一致。There is a desk, a table and three chairs in the room. 房间里有一张书桌、一张饭桌和3把椅子。There are three chairs, a desk and a computer in the room. 房间里有3把椅子、一张书桌和一台电脑。Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away?你不在时妻子和孩子呆在哪儿？"表里不一"现象：主谓一致中的"表里不一"现象和主语必须在人称和数上保持一致，最基本的原则是：单数主语用单数动词，复数主语用复数动词.但在实际使用当中情况比较复杂，现在学生常犯的主谓一致错误归纳整理如下1,"more than one +名词"作主语时，谓语动词常用单数.例如：More than one teacher gets the flowers. 不止一个教师得到了花.2,"many a +名词"作主语时，从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词常用单数.例如：Many a student has been sent to plant trees. 很多学生被派去植树.3,"half of,the rest of,most of,all of及百分数或分数+of 等后接名词"作主语时，谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定.例如：Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water.地球表面四分之三为水所覆盖.4,all指人时，动词用复数；all指物时，动词用单数.例如："All are present and all is going well." 所有人全部到场了，一切进展顺利5,what引导的主语从句，谓语动词可视表语而定：表语是单数名词时，动词用单数，相反，则用复数.例如：What they want to get are a number of good books.他们想得到的是大量的好书.6,and连接的两个单数名词前若用each,every,no修饰，该名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式.例如：No book and no pen is found in the schoolbag.书包里没有书和钢笔.7,当主语后面有as well as,with,along with,together with,but,like,rather than,except，逗号加and连接几个名字等引导的短语时，谓语动词要与最前面的主语保持一致.例如：My father as well as his workmates has been to Beijing. 我父亲和他的同事曾去过北京.8,each作主语的同位语时，谓语动词由主语来决定，与each无关.例如：They each have a bike. 他们每人有一辆自行车.9,动词不定式，动词-ing形式短语作主语时，谓语动词常用单数.例如：Going out for a walk after supper is a good habit.晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯.10,the following作主语时，谓语动词的数与后面名词的数保持一致.例如：The following are good examples下面是一些好例子.11,以-ics结尾的学科名词，如politics,physics,mathematics等作主语时，谓语动词用单数.以-s结尾的名词news,works,plastics等同属此类.例如：Politics is now taught in all schools. 现在各学校都开设政治课.当以-ics结尾的学科名词表示"学科"以外的意义时，用作复数，如：mathematics（运算能力）politics(政治观点）economics（经济意义）等12,有些用来表示由两个对应部分组成一体的名词复数（trousers,glasses,shoes.shorts.scissors.scales等）作主语时，前面若有"一条","一副","一把"之类的单位词，动词用单数；若没有单位词或单位词是复数，则谓语动词用复数.例如：The shoes are all right. 这些鞋子都很合适.还有一些以-s结尾的名词通常用复数：arms（武器）.clothes.contents.minites（记录）.remains（遗体）.thanks等13,"one and a half +名词"作主语时，谓语动词要用复数.例如：One and a half apples are left on the table. 桌子上有一个半苹果.14,"One or two more +复数名词"作主语时，谓语动词用复数.例如：One or two persons are sent there to help them do the work. 要派一两个人到那儿去给他们帮忙.15,"one of+复数名词+ 定语从句"结构中，定语从句的谓语动词要用复数；而在"the only one of +复数名词+定语从句"的结构中，"the one of + 复数名词+定语从句"定语从句的谓语动词要用单数.例如：He is one of the students who get there on time.他是准时到达那里的学生之一.16,表示时间，距离，金钱等的复数名词作主语表达一个整体概念时，谓语动词常用单数，但若强调数量，谓语动词可用复数.例如：One million dollars is a lot of money. 一百万美元是一大笔钱.以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致:英语可数名词的规则复数形式是在词尾加-s或-es，但是有一些以-s结尾的名词并不是可数名词。它们用法多样，造成了实际使用上的困难，以下详述了以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题。（一）以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题（二）以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语的主谓一致问题（三）以-s结尾的地理名称作主语的主谓一致问题（四）以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题（五）其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题集合名词的主谓一致原则:集合名词作主语时，主谓一致关系是一个较为复杂的问题.对此类问题我们可以从"数"的角度分为四类.1)单数—复数型.凡是有复数词尾变化形式的集合名词都属于此类。如：a class— a family— a government— an army— a people— a group— a crowd— a crew—crews等。这类集合名词强调的是整体性，即当作一个整体或多个整体来看待。属于这类集合名词的单数作主语时，谓语动词用单数；复数形式作主语时，谓语动词用复数。【例如】A big crowd often gathers on the square every morning.每个上午 一大群人经常聚集在广场上The government has decided to pass the bill.政府已决定通过这一法案There are huge crowds in the streets on Sunday.星期天有大群大群的人在街上。There are many English-speaking peoples in the world.在世界上有许多讲英语的人但应注意，这类集合名词的单数形式有时表示复数概念，所以这些集合名词的单数形式也可归为"单复同形型"中.2)单数型.这类集合名词表示的是人或事物的整体，即把这类人或事物的全部包括在内，所以只有单数形式.如作主语，谓语动词常用单数。这类名词常见的有：humanity,mankind,proletariat等.【例如】The proletariat is the greatest class in the history of mankind. In the fields of production and scientific experiment,mankind makes constant progress.3)复数型.这类集合名词在形式和内容上是相互矛盾的，就是说它们只有单数形式，但表达的都是复数概念。它强调的是集体中的个体性.这类名词有：police,cattle,faculty,flock,machinery,vermin,personnel等.它们作主语时，谓语动词要用复数.【例如】The police have caught the murder.Our personnel are very highly trained.The vermin are very dangerous.4)单复同形型.这类集合名词的单数形式既可表示单数也可表示复数.作主语时，用单数动词或复数动词均可，有时意义区别不大.【例如】The school teaching staff are (is) excellent.The public is (are) requested not to litter in the park.The teaching profession claim(s) to be badly paid.这类集合名词常见的有：class,family,team,crew,board,herd,committee,party,jury,enemy,audience等.根据说话人的心理意向若把这个集合名词所代表的人或事物看作一个整体，就认为是单数，用单数动词；若把它所代表的人或事物看作若干个个体的话，就认为其为复数，用复数动词。试比较：The football team is playing well.那个足球队打得非常漂亮.The football team are shavings bath and are then coming back here for tea. 足球队员们正在洗澡，然后来这里吃茶点。The family is a very happy one.那个家庭是一个非常幸福的家庭。That family are very pleased about the news of William's success. 全家人对威廉的成功都感到很高兴。巧记主谓一致原则: 单单复复最常见，集体名词谓用单，如若强调其成员，复数谓语记心间。有些名词谓常复，people,police即这般。主语单数后接介，谓语单数介无关，many a作主语也如此，谓语动词应用单。or、nor、but also、there be，近主原则挂嘴边。关系代词定主语，谓语根据先行词判。不定式短语、动名词，主语从句谓全单。时间、货币与距离，谓语多单复少见，rest，means，fol1owing等，意义决定其复、单。none，all，half of等，of之宾语定答案。还有分数、百分数，仍据of之宾定复、单。代词all指人谓复数,all指事情谓用单。量词用法请注意，谓语要随量词变。and连接两名词，身兼两职一定冠，no，each，every后单名，两件(种)事(物)系一概念，以上情况请记清，谓语动词全用单。形容词带the一类人，姓氏复数加定冠，-s结尾的海峡、山脉与群岛，谓语用复勿用单。neither，either，each，用作主语谓全单。人称代词：人称代词是用来表示人的代词，有单数和复数之分，有主格和宾格之分。人称代词的主格在句中作主语;人称代词的宾格在句中作宾语，也可作动词或介词的宾语。　　主格：I, we, you, he, she, it, they在句子中作主语宾格：me, us, you, him, her, it, them在句子中作宾语He and I are in the same class. 我和他在同一个班级。Can you see them in the street? 你能看见他们在街上吗?人称代词在句中的作用：1）主格作主语。如：I am Chinese.我是中国人。2）宾格作宾语，放在及物动词或介词之后，有时还可以在口语中用作表语。如：①I don't know her.我不认识她。（动词宾语）②What's wrong with it?它怎么了？（介词宾语）③-Open the door,please.3）作表语作表语一般用主格， 但在口语中也常用宾格I saw at once it was her.我一下子看到了她。It's me.请开门，是我。（表语）4）作同位语作同位语是用宾格We ,us ,there,will be able to fulfill the task.我们三人就能完成这项任务。主宾格的替换:一、宾格代替主格a.在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在not后，多用宾语。　　---- I like English.　--我喜欢英语。　　---- Me too.　--我也喜欢。　　---- Have more wine?　--再来点酒喝吗?　　---- Not me.　--我可不要了。b.在表示比较的非正式的文体中，常用宾格代替主格。但如果比较状语的谓语保留，则主语只能用主格。　　He is taller than I/me.　　He is taller than I am.二、主格代替宾格a.在介词but，except后，有时可用主格代替宾格。b.在电话用语中常用主格。　　---- I wish to speak to Mary. --我想和玛丽通话。　　---- This is she.　--我就是玛丽。注意：在动词be或to be后的人称代词视其前面的名词或代词而定。　　I thought it was she.　我以为是她。　（主格----主格）　　I thought it to be her.　（宾格----宾格）　　I was taken to be she.　我被当成了她。　（主格----主格）They took me to be her.他们把我当成了她。　（宾格----宾格）人称代词用法：一、人称代词的宾格在句中作宾语，往往用在动词或介词后面。例:1.Listen to me,Dad.2.Peter is sitting behind me.3.Let me got here now.4.Give me an orange,please.二、you既是"你"或"你们"的主格，又是它们的宾格；her既是"她"的所有格，又是它的宾格。我们可以根据它们在句子中的位置来判断它们属于主格、所有格还是宾格。三、and是一个我们常用来连接两个词的连接词。它虽然与介词with有同样的意思，但它的前后可以是人称代词的主语，也可以是人称代词的宾格，而with只能跟人称代词的宾格。如：You and I are going to school.　　You are going to school with me.四、第三人称代词单数：er,sie,es 及 复数 sie 可指代人或物以及其它抽象概念等。此时，它们的性，数，格要与被指代的名词一致。人称代词用法口诀：人称代词分主/宾，只有八对要区分。你（们）、它主/宾同一形，其余主/宾须分清。谓语之前主格填，动/介之后宾格跟，口语运用最灵活，表语也可用宾格。人称代词并列现，注意顺序礼貌见，二一、三一、二三一，第一人称最谦虚，若把错误责任担，第一人称须当先。动前主格动后宾，名前形容介后宾；如果名词含在内，选用名物代就行。
人称代词并列用法的排列顺序：1）单数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为：第二人称→第三人称→第一人称即：you and I;he/she/itandI;you,he/she/it and I2）复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为：第一人称→第二人称→第三人称即：we，you and they人称代词的变格形式：
them人称代词的形式：在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-s或-es 　一、人称代词he,she,it是第三人称单数。如：　He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。　She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。　It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。　二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如：　①Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。　②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。　③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。　三、单数可数名词或"this / that / the+单数可数名词"作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：　①A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。　②This book is yours. 这本书是你的。　③That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的。　④The cat is Lucy's. 这只猫是露茜的。　四、不定代词someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something等及指示代词this,that作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：　①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。　②There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。　③This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。　④That is an eraser. 那是一块橡皮擦。　五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如：　①The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。　②The bread is very small. 那面包很小。　六、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如：　①"6" is a lucky number. "6"是个吉利数字。　②"I" is a letter. "I"是个字母。动词短语：由动词和动短语成，或以动词为中心，功能同动词的短语叫动词短语,动词短语是动词的一种固定搭配形式，动词短语的搭配可分为下列四种基本类型。 动词短语搭配形式：1．动词+副词 ①作及物动词，例：&He brought up his children strictly． 　　 从以上的例句中可以看出，在“动词+副词”的词组中宾语位置有两种情况：宾语如是名词，则可置于副词后面，亦可置于动词和副词之间。而如果宾语是代词，只能置于动词后面，即动词和副词之间。 　　 ②作不及物动词，例： 　　&Something unexpected has turned up． 出现了令人意外的情况。（turn up=appear） 　　 ③既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词，例： 　　 The barrel of gunpowder blew up．（不及物）火药桶爆炸了。 　　 The soldiers blew up the bridge．（及物）士兵们把桥炸毁了。 2．动词+介词&动词与介词构成的词组在词义上相当于一个及物动词，宾语总是在介词后面，例：I don’t much care for television．我不很喜欢电视。（care for=like） 3．动词+副词+介词 在这类动词短语中，动词、副词、介词紧密结合，是动副词组和动介词组的合成体，词义上相当于一个及物动词。它兼有以上两类短语动词的特点，但宾语总是位于介词之后，例：&We must work hard to make up for lost time．我们必须努力工作来弥补失去的时间。（make up for＝compensate） 4．动词+名词 这类动词短语中的常见动词是have，take，give，make等，后面的名词通常是从动词转化而来的动作名词，并表达了短语动词的真正意义，例： 　　&Let’s have another try．让我们再试一下。（have a try=v．try） 　 5．动词+名词+介词 　　&这类动词短语只用作及物动词。名词前可加形容词说明程度，宾语总是位于介词之后，&例：Keep an eye on the baby while I am out．我不在家时请照看一下小孩子。 　　 6．be+形容词（包括过去分词作形容词）+介词 　　&这类动词短语也相当于及物动词，宾语位于介词后面，形容词是短语动词的真正词义， 例：I know he is slow at understanding，but you have to be patient with him. 我知道他理解力差，但你得对他耐心些。 动词短语与短语动词:一、短语动词(1)短语动词常常是两个词（一个动词+一个副词性小品）构成，如：wake up , get up ,turn out 等。
(2)同一个动词后面可以有不同的副词性小品词，构成不同意义的短语动词。如：He turn on the radio .Bob turned out smiling.
(3）短语动词用法普遍，尤其在非正式语言中：
我们可以说 He awoke late the following morning .但这太正式了。
我们通常说 He woke up late the following morning .
短语动词的类型
Here is a page from Mr Jones` diary :
Monday ,February 5th.
*有些短语动词不带宾语：
The car broke down .Cigarette prices are going up.
*多数主短语动词可以带宾语，宾语通常在副词性小品词的前或后：
动词+副词性小品词+宾语 动词+宾语+副词性小品词
I rang up a garage. I rang a garage up.
如果宾语较长，则通常放在副词之后：
I filled in an application form.(不说 I filled an application form in .)
如果宾语是代词，其结构通常如下：
动词+代词+副词性小品词
I put it down.(不说 I put down it .)
*有些短语动词是由三个词构成的（动词+副词性小品词+介词），这样，宾语就只能放在介词后面：
I don`t get on with the people at work.短语动词由动词加上介词或副词小品词构成。比如：1. 由动词break构成的常见短语动词有：break away (from) 突然逃离；断绝往来，脱离；改掉，破除break down （机器等）坏了；（计划等）失败；（谈话等）中断；（健康等）变坏；感情失去控制break in 突然进来，强行进入；插嘴，打岔；训练，使适应break into 强行进入；突然…起来；打断，插嘴；占用时间break off 停止讲话；暂停，休息；（使）折断break out （火灾、战争等）突然发生，爆发break through 突破；克服，征服；强行穿过；（太阳等）从云层里出来break up 解散，驱散；（学校等）放假；结束，破裂；击碎；绝交break with 与…绝交，与…决裂2. 又如由bring构成的常用短语动词有：bring about 引起，实现，导致bring (a)round 使改变观点或看法；使苏醒；顺便把某人带来串门bring back 送还；使想起，使恢复bring down 击落；打死，打伤；使倒下；降低bring forth 产生，引起，结果bring in 收获；获利；介绍，引进；聘请；逮捕bring off 从船上救出；设法做成bring on 带来，引起；促使生长；帮助提高bring out 取出，拿出；显示出，使出来；出版bring over 说服，使改变（思想等）bring through 使度过（困难，危机等）bring together 使和解bring up 提出，提起；抚养，培养；呕吐二、动词短语动词短语由动词加上宾语或状语构成。如：break a glass 打破一个玻璃杯break one’s leg 摔断腿break a window 打破窗户break the rules 违反规定break a bad habit 改掉坏习惯break the world record 打破世界记录bread easily 容易断break to pieces 破成碎片bring a book 带来一本书bring sb sth 给某人带来某物bring sb great satisfaction 给某人带来极大的快慰bring death and famine 导致死亡和饥荒初中英语动词短语整理：1. breakbreak down破坏，出毛病，拆开break off暂停，中断 break in破门而入， 打断break into破门而入，突然…起来 break out爆发 break away from打破陈规；奋力挣脱；放弃习惯 break through 出现，突破break up打碎，拆散， 分裂、分解
2. callcall at a place (车船等)停靠;到某地拜访。call away 叫走，叫开…;转移(注意力等)。call back唤回; 回电话;call for需要，要求call for sth (sb) 喊着叫某人来，喊着叫人取来某物call in 叫进，请进; 找来，请来;来访；收回call off取消; 叫走，转移开call (up)on sb 拜访或看望某人call sb sth 为某人叫某物call (up)on sb to do sth 叫(请)某人做某事call up给…打电话;& 想起，回忆起; 召集，应召入伍&&& call out大喊，高叫; 叫出去3. comecome down下跌，落，降，传下来&&& come in进来&& come out出版，结果是come on来临/ 快点&&& come along一道来，赶快come over走过来&&& come up发芽，走近&&&&& come back回来&&& come from来自，源自4. cutcut down砍倒，削减&& cut up连根拔除，切碎5. diedie of死于（疾病，饥饿，寒冷，情感原因）die from死于（外界原因）&&&& die out绝种6. fallfall behind落后& fall down掉下，跌倒 fall into 落入；陷入fall off 从。。。掉下 fall out与。。。争吵7. gogo along沿着。。。。走go through通过，经受 go over复习，检查&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& go up（价格）上涨，建造起来&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& go against违反&& go away离开go by时间过去&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& go down降低，（日、月）西沉go on(with)继续进行&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& go out外出，熄灭&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& go off发出响声8. getget down下来，记下，使沮丧&&&&&&&&& get on进展，进步，穿上，上车&&&&&&&&&&& get off脱下,下车get away逃跑，逃脱，去休假get over克服，从疾病中恢复&& get along with进展，相处get up起床&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& get into (trouble) 陷入困境中&&&&&&&&&&&&&& get back取回，收回&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& get out 出去get to 到达。。。9. givegive away赠送，泄露，出卖&&&&&&&& give out发出，疲劳，分发，&&&&&& give in (to sb.) 屈服give up放弃，让（座位）10. handhand in交上，提交hand out分发&&&& 11.holdhold on to…继续，坚持hold up举起，使停顿 hold on别挂电话，等，坚持&&&&&
12. keep&&&&&&& keep up with跟上keep out 不使。。。进入&&&&&&&&&&&&&& keep from克制，阻止keep away from避开，不接近， keep on继续，坚持下来keep down 使。。。处于低水平&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 13.knockknock at/on敲knock into撞到某人身上&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 14. looklook up查找，向上看& look through翻阅，浏览&&&&& look after/ at / for 照顾/看/寻找look out(for)当心&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& look about / around/round四下查看look forward to盼望&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 15. makemake up编造，打扮，组成&&&&&&&&&&& make into / of / from 制成&&&&&&&&&&& 16.pass&&&&& pass by经过&&&&&&&&&&&&&& pass down(on)…to传给 17. paypay back还钱，报复& pay for付钱，因…得到报应&& 18. pickpick up拾起，接人，站起，收听，pick out挑选，辨认，看出&& 19. putput up张贴，举起，&&& put out伸出，扑灭&&&&&&&&&&&& put off推迟&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& put into放进，翻译put away放好，存钱&&&&&&&&&&& put down记下，平息put on穿戴，上映，&&&&&&&&&&&&&& put aside放到一边&&&&&&&&& put back放回20. standstand out 突显，引人注目stand up 起立，站起来38.其它常用词组wake up 醒，唤醒，弄醒stay up 不睡觉；熬夜depend on依靠；取决于worry about为。。。担忧laugh at嘲笑。。。begin with以。。。开始mix up混合、搀和major in 主修grow up成长open up 打开，张开；开发end up到达或来到某处； 达到某状态throw away 丢弃。。。ask for要求。。。wait for等待。。。agree with同意。。。find out（经研究或询问）获知某事send out 发出，放出，射出search for 搜索，搜查chop down 砍到have.. on 穿着。。。step out of 跨步走出drop out of 从。。。掉出happen to 发生在。。。belong to属于arrive in /at到达。。。try on试穿。。。vote on对。。。进行投票strech out伸展。。。hang out闲逛leave for离开前往 sell out 卖完、售完show up 出席；露面21. runrun after追逐，追捕&&& run away逃跑&& run off跑掉，迅速离开&&&&&&& run out of用完22. setset up建立&&&&&&& set off 激起，引起&&&&&& 23. taketake after 与…相像take off脱掉，起飞&& take away拿走&& take up从事，占用（时间空间）&&& take down记录，取下&&&&&&& take back收回take pride in以… ……为自豪, take the place of 代替24. thinkthink of想起，考虑，对…看法&&& think out（自然）想出办法&& think up想出（设计出、发明、编造） think about考虑&&&&&& think over仔细考虑&&&&&& 25. turnturn off / on打开&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& turn to翻到，转向，求助turn down调低，拒绝&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& turn back返回，转回去turn round转过身来&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& turn up向上翻，出现，音量调大&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 26. care care about 担心，关心；在乎，介意care for 关心，关怀，照顾27. cleanclean up 把…打扫干净，把…收拾整齐clean out 清除；把…打扫干净28.learnlearn about 获悉，得知，认识到learn from& 从/向。。。学习29. fightfight for..争取获得…fight against 争取克服、战胜…fight with…与。。。搏斗/战斗30. dreamdream of梦想，想橡dream about 梦到。。。31. workwork for 为。。工作work out 产生结果；发展；成功32. argueargue with …与。。。争论argue about..争论。。。33. complaincomplain to 向。。抱怨complain about抱怨。。。34. hear hear of 听说，得知hear about听到。。。的事，听到。。的话hear from接到。。。的信35. talktalk about 讨论。。。talk with/to..和。。。讨论36. livelive in 住在。。。live on 以。。。为主食&
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