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【cocos2d-x 2.x】（16）
最近在开发过程中遇到很多切换场景的时候概率性崩溃，内存暴增的问题。
因此总结一些开发中需要注意的要点，
1. 切换全屏场景的时候最好使用replaceScene而不是pushScene。
因为pushScene并不会销毁前一个scene，仅仅是将后一个scene按照堆栈的方式加入到前一个scene的上面。如果自身代码中内存管理写的不好的，利用pushScene很难发现该方面的问题，一旦崩溃定位都很难定位。replaceScene可以及早的将隐含的问题给暴露出来。
2. 尽量不要在onEnter里面初始化精灵Sprite
这个就和上一条有点关系了，如果使用了pushScene，那么再popScene的时候是不会调用前一个场景的init方法的，所以有同学就喜欢把一些初始化放在onEnter里面，具体为什么不好，我们来看一下不同切换场景的时候，每个Scene的生命周期就知道了。
假设scene A是活动场景，现在我们用scene B来pushScene替换A，A和B的生命周期是这样的：
B ---- init();
A ---- onExit();
B ---- onEnter();
B ---- onEnterTransitionDidFinish();
此时popScene，弹出scene B，函数调用如下：
B ---- onExit();
B ---- 析构函数被调用
A ---- onEnter();
从上面可以看出以下几点，
1. A的析构函数始终未被调用，因此A一直在内存中。
2. 先执行B的init()函数，之后才调用A的onExit()方法，再之后才调用B的onEnter();所以初始化最好应该放在init中来初始化。在上一个场景退出之前初始化好后一个场景需要的资源。
同样的，我们再来看一下replaceScene切换场景，scene的生命周期
假设scene A是活动场景，现在我们用scene B来replaceScene替换A，A和B的生命周期是这样的：
B ---- init();
A ---- onExit();
A ---- 析构函数被调用
B ---- onEnter();
B ---- onEnterTransitionDidFinish();
此时B replace A回来的调用跟上面一样，如下：
A ---- init();
B ---- onExit();
B ---- 析构函数调用
A ---- onEnter();
3. 一些基本的
CCDirector: &导演，负责场景的切换以及场景的信息。如宽度，高度，旋转场景内容。
CCScene: &&&&场景. 场景包含有布景，精灵，每场戏的不同，要切换场景。游戏中可分为主界面， 游戏， 分数榜，结束界面等。
CCLayer: &&&&布景. 类似是层的概念，也可来源于PS的层的概念。每一层都带有众多精灵等
CCSprite: &&&精灵。就是演员的，演员就需要加入到层里面去的。有相应的动作。
CCAction: &&&动作。精灵的动作。
scene(即 CCScene类)是app 工作流上独立块。scene也叫做 screents 或者“stages”. 一个app可能拥有多个scenes, 但在任何时候只能有一个是激活状态的。
一个cocos2d CCScene 对象 由一个或多个layers组成（layer即CCLayer 对象），layers之间是前后相连的。layer提供了scene的外观 appearance和行为behavior；通常的用法是直接用一个或多个layers实例化一个 CCScene的子类CCTrasitionScene 实现移动transitions
, 提供两个scenes 之间的转移效果（(比如fade out/in, slide from a side, 等效果).）由于scenes 是CCNode子类，所以scenes可以手工或者用actions来转变坐标。
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