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简明英汉词典noise[nCiz]n.喧闹声, 噪声, 噪音美国传统词典[双解]noisenoiseAHD:[noiz] D.J.[n%iz]K.K.[n%!z]n.（名词）(1)Sound or a sound that is loud, unpleasant, unexpected, or undesired.噪音：高的、不悦耳的、不想听到的或不喜欢的响声或声音(2)Sound or a sound of any kind:声音，响声：The only noise was the wind in the pines.唯一的响声是松林中的风声(3)A loud outcry or commotion:喧嚣声：高声的呼喊或呐喊：“Whatever the fate of Eureka, it should have some positive effects, even if modest in comparison to its political noise, for the technological cooperation of European firms”(Foreign Affairs)“无论欧雷卡的命运如何，都将带来正面的影响，纵然这比与它在政治上引起的骚动小得多，因为它导致欧洲各公司间的技术合作”(外交事务)(4)Physics A disturbance, especially a random and persistent disturbance, that obscures or reduces the clarity of a signal.【物理学】 干扰噪声：一种干扰，尤指一处任意的和持续的干扰，使信号变模糊或减少(5)Computer Science Irrelevant or meaningless data generated by a computer along with desired data.【计算机科学】 无用数据：计算机产生的与所需数据不相干或无意义的数据(6)Informal 【非正式用语】 (7)A complaint or protest.报怨，抗议(8)R talk.谣传；诉论(9)noises Remarks or actions intended to convey a specific impression or to attract attention:noises 引注意的言行：评论和行为，用于传播一种特殊的印象或吸引注意：“The U.S. is making appropriately friendly noises to the new Socialist Government”(Flora Lewis)“美国正发表适当的言论以引起新的社会主义政府的注意”(弗洛拉?刘易斯)v.（动词）noised， nois.ing， nois.esv.tr.（及物动词）To spread the rumor or report of.谣传：传播谣言或议论v.intr.（不及物动词）(1)To talk much or volubly.大声讲话：过多地或高声地说话(2)T make noise.喧闹：变得嘈杂的；发出声响语源(1)Middle English 中古英语 (2)from Old French 源自 古法语 (3)perhaps from Vulgar Latin *nausea [discomfort] 可能源自 俗拉丁语 *nausea [不适] (4)from Latin nausea [seasickness] * see nausea 源自 拉丁语 nausea [晕船] *参见 nausea参考词汇(1)noise， din， racket， uproar， pandemonium， hullabaloo， hubbub， clamor， babel(2)These nouns refer to loud, confused, or disagreeable sound or sounds. 这些名词指高声的、混乱的或不喜欢的声响或声音。(3)Noise is the least specific: Noise 是用得最普遍的：deafened by the 地铁中的喧闹声使得什么也听不清；the noise of cannon fire. A din is a jumble of loud, usually discordant sounds: 开炮的响声。 Din 是高声的，通常刺耳的声音的混合： The din in the factory ends abruptly when the noon whistle sounds. 当中午的笛声响起时，工厂里的嘈杂声顿时停止了。(4)Racket is loud, distressing noise: Racket 指高声的、使人痛苦的声音：Can you imagine the racket made by a line of empty trailer trucks rolling along cobblestone streets? 你能想象出一队空的拖车卡车在卵石路上行进所发出的噪音吗?(5)Uproar, pandemonium, and hullabaloo imply disorderly tumult together with loud, bewildering sound: Uproar, pandemonium 和hullababo 暗含着带有高的、使人迷惑的声音的无秩序的喧嚣： “The evening uproar of the howling monkeys burst out” (W.H. Hudson). “号叫的猴子爆发出夜晚的鼓噪” (W?H?哈得逊）。“When night came, it brought with it a pandemonium of dancing and whooping, drumming and feasting” (Francis Parkman). “当夜晚来临时，跳舞、呼喊、鼓声和宴乐的嘈杂声随之而来” （弗朗西斯?帕克曼）。The first performance of the iconoclastic composition caused a tremendous hullabaloo in the audience. 第一场打破传统习俗作品的表演在观众中引起了极大的骚动。(6)Hubbub emphasizes turbulent activity, as of those engaged in commerce, and concomitant din: Hubbub 强调混乱的活动，如那些商业性的、伴随着吵闹声的：We couldn't hear the starting announcement above the hubbub of bettors, speculators, tipsters, and touts. 在打赌者、投机者、密报者以及出售赛马情报者们的喧嚣声中我们无法听到开始的宣告。(7)Clamor is loud, usually sustained noise, as of a public outcry of dissatisfaction: Clamor 指高声的，通常为支持的声音，如公众不满的呼喊：“not in the clamor of the crowded street” (Henry Wadsworth Longfellow). “不在拥挤的街道上的叫嚣声中” （亨利?沃兹沃思?朗费罗）。The debate was interrupted by a clamor of opposition. 辩论被反对方的一声叫喊打断。(8)Babel stresses confusion of vocal sounds arising from simultaneous utterance and random mixture of languages: Babel 强调同时发出的声音和随便的语言混合的混乱：My outstanding memory of the diplomatic reception is of elegantly dressed guests chattering in a babel of tongues. 我对外交接待的最突出的记忆是穿着高雅的客人们用非常混杂的语言喋喋不休 注释For those who find that too much noise makes them ill, it will come as no surprise that the word noise possibly can be traced back to the Latin word nausea, “seasickness, feeling of sickness.” Our words nausea and noise are doublets, that is, words borrowed in different forms from the same word. Nausea, first recorded probably before 1425, was borrowed directly from Latin. Noise, on the other hand, first recorded around the beginning of the 13th century, came to us through Old French, probably ultimately from Latin, which explains its change in form. The unrecorded change in sense probably took place in Vulgar Latin. Old French nois, descended from Latin nausea, meant “sound, din, uproar, quarrel,” all senses that came into Middle English with the word. Noise, however, is an example of how words can change for the better, for a noise can be pleasant as well as unpleasant, as in the sentence “The only noise was the wind in the pines.”对那些发现太多的嘈杂声使他们很不舒服的人来说，无须惊奇词语noise 很可能可以追溯到拉丁语 nausea “晕船，不舒服的感觉”。 词语nausea 和 noise 是同源词， 也就是说这两个词是同一单词的不同形式。Nausea 第一次记录也许在1425年以前， 它直接来自于拉丁语。另一方面，noise 大约在13世纪初第一次记录下来， 在古法语中使用，可能最终源自拉丁语，这解释了它的形式变化。这种意义上讲未被记录的变化可能在民间拉丁文中。古法语nois 从拉丁语 nausea “声音，嘈杂声，喧嚣，吵闹”转变过来， 所有意义都随此词进入中世纪英语。然而noise 是一个词语如何演变向更好的方面的例子， 因为一种声音可能是悦耳的，也可能是不悦耳的，如在句子“The only noise was the wind in the pines”中现代英汉词典noise[nCIz]n.(1)声音；噪音；（公共场所的）喧闹声，嘈杂声；干扰(2)杂音；不正常的声音What's wrong with my car? The engine makes funny noise.我的车出了什么毛病？发动机发出了奇怪的响声。词性变化noisevt.noised, noising（与about, abroad, around 连用）谣传；传闻；使…公开现代英汉综合大辞典noise[nCiz]n.(1)喧闹声, 嘈杂声, 噪音(2)响声, 声音(3)骚扰, 骚动; 吵闹(4)[古]谣言(5)【电】杂音[波], 干扰; (文献检索中的)“无效"the urban noise城市噪音noise pollution噪音污染noise suppressor噪音抑制器, 消声器surface noise(唱片上的)音纹杂音Don't make any noise!别吵闹!Hold your noise!别作声!Did you hear any noise just now?刚才你听见什么声音了吗?词性变化noise[nCiz]vt.谣传, 哄传It is noised that...外界谣传...noise[nCiz]vi.(1)大声讲话; 公开谈论[议论](2)喧闹, 吵闹继承用法noise-freeadj.无噪音的noise-immunen., adj.抗噪音(的), 抗扰(的)noisekillern.噪音抑制[清除, 吸收]器, 静噪器noise-makern.发出噪音的人[器物]noise-metallicadj.噪声金属导线的noise-metern.噪音(测定, 电平)表, 噪音计, 噪音测试器noise-modulatedadj.噪音调制的noise-modulationn.噪音调制noiseproof[`nRIzprU:f]adj.防杂音的, 隔音的, 抗噪的noise-stopadj.抗噪声的noiseful[`nRIzfJl]adj.喧[吵]闹的noiseless[5nCIslIs]adj.无声的, 静的; 无噪音的, 无干扰的noiselesslyadv.静静地, 轻轻地noiselessnessn.习惯用语a big noise(1)耸人听闻的事实[声明](2)有影响的人物; 有势力的人物(3)重磅炸弹(4)典狱长(5)最得好评的电影[戏剧]the big noise(1)耸人听闻的事实[声明](2)有影响的人物; 有势力的人物(3)重磅炸弹(4)典狱长(5)最得好评的电影[戏剧]be a lot of noise[美口]话多的人; 吹牛家, 空谈家Can that noise![俚]别吵!galactic noise银河(星系射电)噪音, 来自银河系的电波hold your noise住嘴; 别作声, 保持沉默make a noise(为某事而)吵吵嚷嚷; 成为众人谈论或注意的对象, 轰动一时make a noise about sth.(为某事而)吵吵嚷嚷; 成为众人谈论或注意的对象, 轰动一时make noises用言语作出表示; 口头发表...意见(常在 noises 前加修饰语)The noise goes that...[古]据说, 据传, 谣传without noise不动声色地, 悄悄地noise abroad传播出去noise about传播出去noise round传播出去特殊用法acoustic noise噪 声air-borne noise空传[气导]噪声aliasing noise折叠噪声ambient noise环境噪声amplitude noise振幅噪声atmospheric noise天电[大气]噪声back noise本底[背景]噪声brightness noise亮度杂波干扰broadband stationary noise宽带稳态噪声[杂波]bubble noise气泡噪声(由蓄电池电液气泡所引起的)bulk noise电流噪声busy-hour crosstalk noise忙时串杂音click noise“卡搭"噪声clipped noise已整流(或已经过消波)的噪声电压, 消波噪声clutter noise杂波噪声community noise城市噪声commutator noise换向器噪声crowd noise厅堂[喧哗]噪声degaussing noise消磁噪声distortion noise失真噪声displacement noise排放噪声drumming noise振动噪声ear noise耳鸣engineering noise(因编码错误造成的)“无效"erratic noise无规则杂音escapement noise擒纵机构声音fast-interface-state trapping noise快速界面态俘获噪声fine-grain noise微起伏噪声flat noise白噪声; 频谱上能量平均分配的起伏噪声flat-channel noise平直幅频的起伏噪声fluctuation noise起伏噪声full shot noise全散粒噪声galactic noise银河(星系射电)噪声gas noise白噪声的噪声源generator noise振荡器噪声granular noise颗粒噪声grid-interception noise栅流分布起伏噪声, 栅极截取噪声high pitched screeching noise高音调的尖叫声howling noise嗥鸣hum noise交流声hydrodynamic noise流动噪声impact noise碰撞噪声induction noise进气噪声intrinsic noise固有内禀噪声jansky noise宇宙噪声just perceptible noise最小可辨噪声[杂波]just tolerable noise最大容许噪声[杂波]local-oscillator noise本(机)振(荡器)噪声marine noise海洋噪声microphonic noise颤噪噪声, 传声器效应引起的噪声notch noise残余噪声oscillator noise(本机)振荡器噪声parasitic noises寄生噪声partition noise(电流)分配噪声peaked noise峰化起伏噪声peaked and flat noise脉冲和平坦噪声photovoltaic noise光电管噪声, 光电流起伏噪声pinging noise颤噪声, 传声器效应噪声; “微音"效应precipitation noise【电子】雨雪噪声pseudorandom noise伪随机噪声recurrent noise复现噪声[杂波]ripple noise波纹电压[电源脉动]噪声round-off noise舍入噪声scratch noise唱针噪声scratching noise噼拍噪声semaitic noise(因主题表, 叙词表不完善而造成的)“无效"sky noise天电噪声solar radio noise太阳射电噪声solid-borne noise固载噪声spatial noise空间噪声spurious noise寄生噪声stationary ergodic noise平稳遍历噪声stray noise杂音surface noise(唱针)划纹噪声, (唱片)纹噪声top noise顶局部噪声transient noise瞬态噪声triangular noise三角波噪声unlocking noise释放音unweighted noise未加权噪声valve noise电子管噪声weighted noise权重[计权]噪声white noise白噪音noise of laser激光器噪声参考词汇noise&&&& din&&&& uproar&&&& clamour&&&& hubbub&&&& racket&&&&意思都与“声音"有关。(1)noise 系常用词, 指“任何响亮, 不悦耳的嘈杂声", 如:There's a noise downstairs.楼下有吵杂声。(2)din 指“震耳欲聋的不断喧闹声", 如:the din of machines机器的振耳欲聋声。(3)uproar 指“喧嚣声", 尤指“人的高声乱喊声", 如:His remarks threw the audience into an uproar.他的讲话使听众沸腾起来。(4)clamour 指“持续的大声喧嚷", 尤指“表示愤怒、支持或抗议的叫喊", 如:the clamour of some angry young people一些愤怒的年青人的大声呼喊。(5)hubbub 指“嘈杂声"、“吵闹声", 如:the hubbub of a subway station地铁车站的嘈杂声。(6)racket 指“许多不悦耳的声音混合在一起", 如:What a racket over there.那儿多么吵闹呀!calm&&&& quiet&&&& silence&&&& hush&&&&英文相关词典noiseballyhoo&&&&bedlam&&&&clamor&&&&clatter&&&&commotion&&&&din&&&&hubbub&&&&racket&&&&rumpus&&&&tumult&&&&uproar&&&&quiet&&&&silence&&&&solitude&&&&stillness&&&&[七国语言]英汉地理大词典noise噪声, 杂音[七国语言]英汉电子大词典noise干扰, 杂音, 噪声[七国语言]英汉电子工程大词典noise杂音, 噪声[七国语言]英汉机械大词典noise噪音[七国语言]英汉机械工程大词典noise噪声[七国语言]英汉建筑大词典noise噪声[七国语言]英汉矿业大词典noise噪音, 杂音[七国语言]英汉物理大词典noise噪声[七国语言]英汉信息大词典noise杂乱信号, 于扰, 无用数据, 无用信息[七国语言]英汉医学大词典noise噪声[七国语言]英汉原子能大词典noise噪声英汉双解计算机词典noise噪声；［杂讯］1. A disturbance that affects a signal and that may distort the information carried by the signal.影响信号并使信号中的信息失真的一种干扰。 2. Random variations of one or more characteristics of any entity such as voltage, current, or data. | 电压、电流或数据等任何实体的一种或多种特性的随机变化。 3. A random signal of known statistical properties of amplitude, distribution, and spectral density. | 振幅、分布及谱密度等的已知统计特性的随机信号。 4. Loosely, and disturbance tending to interfere with the normal operation of a device or system. | 广义地说，任何干扰设备或系统的正常运行的扰动。 美国传统词典noisenoiseAHD:[noiz] D.J.[n%iz]K.K.[n%!z]n.(1)Sound or a sound that is loud, unpleasant, unexpected, or undesired.(2)Sound or a sound of any kind:The only noise was the wind in the pines.(3)A loud outcry or commotion:“Whatever the fate of Eureka, it should have some positive effects, even if modest in comparison to its political noise, for the technological cooperation of European firms”(Foreign Affairs)(4)Physics A disturbance, especially a random and persistent disturbance, that obscures or reduces the clarity of a signal.(5)Computer Science Irrelevant or meaningless data generated by a computer along with desired data.(6)Informal (7)A complaint or protest.(8)R talk.(9)noises Remarks or actions intended to convey a specific impression or to attract attention:“The U.S. is making appropriately friendly noises to the new Socialist Government”(Flora Lewis)v.noised, nois.ing, nois.esv.tr.To spread the rumor or report of.v.intr.(1)To talk much or volubly.(2)T make noise.语源(1)Middle English (2)from Old French (3)perhaps from Vulgar Latin *nausea [discomfort] (4)from Latin nausea [seasickness] * see nausea 参考词汇(1)noise, din, racket, uproar, pandemonium, hullabaloo, hubbub, clamor, babel (2)These nouns refer to loud, confused, or disagreeable sound or sounds. (3)Noise is the least specific: deafened by the the noise of cannon fire. A din is a jumble of loud, usually discordant sounds: The din in the factory ends abruptly when the noon whistle sounds. (4)Racket is loud, distressing noise: Can you imagine the racket made by a line of empty trailer trucks rolling along cobblestone streets? (5)Uproar, pandemonium, and hullabaloo imply disorderly tumult together with loud, bewildering sound: “The evening uproar of the howling monkeys burst out” (W.H. Hudson). “When night came, it brought with it a pandemonium of dancing and whooping, drumming and feasting” (Francis Parkman). The first performance of the iconoclastic composition caused a tremendous hullabaloo in the audience. (6)Hubbub emphasizes turbulent activity, as of those engaged in commerce, and concomitant din: We couldn't hear the starting announcement above the hubbub of bettors, speculators, tipsters, and touts. (7)Clamor is loud, usually sustained noise, as of a public outcry of dissatisfaction: “not in the clamor of the crowded street” (Henry Wadsworth Longfellow). The debate was interrupted by a clamor of opposition. (8)Babel stresses confusion of vocal sounds arising from simultaneous utterance and random mixture of languages: My outstanding memory of the diplomatic reception is of elegantly dressed guests chattering in a babel of tongues. 注释For those who find that too much noise makes them ill, it will come as no surprise that the word noise possibly can be traced back to the Latin word nausea, “seasickness, feeling of sickness.” Our words nausea and noise are doublets, that is, words borrowed in different forms from the same word. Nausea, first recorded probably before 1425, was borrowed directly from Latin. Noise, on the other hand, first recorded around the beginning of the 13th century, came to us through Old French, probably ultimately from Latin, which explains its change in form. The unrecorded change in sense probably took place in Vulgar Latin. Old French nois, descended from Latin nausea, meant “sound, din, uproar, quarrel,” all senses that came into Middle English with the word. Noise, however, is an example of how words can change for the better, for a noise can be pleasant as well as unpleasant, as in the sentence “The only noise was the wind in the pines.”[名词委审定]英汉电工名词(1998)noise噪声[名词委审定]英汉机械工程名词(一, 定义版, 2000)noise(1)噪声(2)不同频率、不同强度无规则地组合在一起的声音，如电噪声、机械噪声，可引伸为任何不希望有的干扰。[名词委审定]英汉计算机名词(第二版, 2002)noise噪声[名词委审定]英汉建筑园林、城市规划名词(1998)noise噪声[名词委审定]英汉力学名词(1993)noise噪声[名词委审定]英汉数学名词(1993)noise噪声[名词委审定]英汉铁道科技名词(1997)noise噪声[名词委审定]英汉物理学名词(1996)noise噪声[名词委审定]英汉心理学名词(1999)noise噪声英汉船舶大词典noise n.音,杂声;n.噪声 英汉电力大词典noise n.噪音 朗文英汉综合电脑词典noise 噪声[音]；干扰 英汉电信大词典noise n.噪声,杂波 英汉地质大词典noise n.噪声,杂波,干扰,噪声 英汉法学大词典noise n.噪声 ,噪音 英汉纺织大词典noise n.噪声 英汉广播大词典noise n.噪声;n.噪声,噪波 英汉航海大词典noise n.噪音 英汉环境大词典noise n.噪声 英汉航空大词典noise n.噪声温度;n.噪音,杂音 英汉化学大词典noise n.噪声,干扰,声音,海面不和谐的随机变化;vt.发噪音,宣扬 英汉海运大词典noise 噪声，杂音杂波声音 基本词义noise 载波噪声 基本词义noise 噪声，噪音，杂音干扰，杂波 基本词义noise 噪音，干扰，噪声，杂音，杂波，声音 英汉经贸大词典noise n.噪音 英汉计算机大词典noise n.噪声(干扰,声音;vt.发噪音(宣扬) 英汉机械大词典noise n.噪音,噪声 英汉建筑大词典noise n.噪音 英汉汽车大词典noise n.噪音,杂音 航空英语缩写词典NOISENoise Abatement Procedure 消音程序基本词义NOISENoise Abatement Procedure 消音程序英汉水利大词典noise n.噪声,杂音,干扰 英汉消防大词典noise ①噪声 ②干扰 英汉心理学大词典noise 噪声 英汉冶金大词典noise n.噪音,噪声 英汉仪器仪表术语词典noise 噪声 英汉医学大词典noise n.器声,噪声 英汉造纸大词典noise n.噪音
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Mail: Copyright by ；All rights reserved.Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)?
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some
questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices
marked A), B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the
corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the
21 to 25 are based on the following passage:
A. answerB. resultC. shareD. guiltyE. constant
F. definedG. vanishH. adaptedI. creativeJ. belief
K. suspiciousL. certaintyM. obsessedN. identifyO. ideals
Directions:There are 2 passages in this
section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For
each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)& and D) .You should decide on the best
choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line
through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 57
to 61 are based on the following passage.
Resources can be said to be scarce in both an absolute
and relative sense: the surface of the Earth is finite, imposing absolute
but the scarcity that concerns economists is the relative scarcity of
resources in different uses. Materials used for one purpose cannot at the same
time be use if the quantity of an input is limited,
the& increased use of it in one
manufacturing process must cause it to become less available for other uses.
The cost of a product in terms of money may not measure
its true cost to society. The true cost of, say, the construction of a
supersonic jet is the value of the schools and refrigerators that will never be
built as a result. Every act of production uses up some of society’s available
it means the foregoing of an opportunity to produce something else.
In deciding how to use resources most effectively to satisfy the wants of the
community, this opportunity cost must ultimately be taken into account.
In a market economy the price of a good and the quantity
supplied depend on the cost of making it, and that cost, ultimately, is the cost
of not making other goods. The market mechanism enforces this relationship. The
cost of, say, a pair of shoes is the price of the leather, the labor, the fuel,
and other elements used up in producing them. But the price of these inputs, in
turn, depends on what they can produce elsewhere—if the leather can be used to
produce handbags that are valued highly by consumers, the prices of leather
will be bid up correspondingly.
57. What does this passage mainly discuss?
scarcity of manufactured goods.
B)& The value
of scarce materials.
manufacturing of scarce goods.
D)& The cost
of producing shoes.
58. According to the passage, what are the opportunity
costs of an item?
A)& The amount
of time and money spent in producing it.
opportunities a person has to buy it.
C)& The value
of what could have been produced instead.
D)& The value
of the resources used in its production.
59. According to the passage, what is the relationship
between production and resources?
A)& Available
resources stimulate production.
B)& Resources
are totally independent of production.
C)& Production
increases as resources increase.
D)& Production
lessens the amount of available resources.
60. What determines the price of a good in a market
A)& The cost
of all elements in production.B)&
The cost of not making other goods.
efficiency of the manufacturing process.D)&
The quantity of materials supplied.
61. Which of the following examples BEST reflects a cost
to society as defined in the passage?
A)& A family
buying a dog.
B)& Eating in
a restaurant instead of at home.
C)& Using land
for a house instead of a park.
D)& Staying at
home instead of going to school.
Passage Two
Questions 62
to 66 are based on the following passage.
According to sociologists, there are several different
ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group.
In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both
of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons
may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of
selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through
election or recruitment.
Although leaders are often thought to be people with
unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent
evidence that there is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there
is no set of personal qualities that all le rather,
virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities
that meet the needs of that particular group.
Research suggests that there are typically two different
leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental
leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social
group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done”.
Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the
collective well?beings of a social group?s members. Expressive leaders are less
concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional
support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among
Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather
secondary relationship to other group members. They give others and may
discipline group members who inhibit() attainment
of the group?s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary
relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone
experiences difficulties and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the
group. As the difference in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders
generally receive more personal affectio instrumental
leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more
distant respect.
62. What does the passage mainly discuss?
problems faced by leaders.
leadership differs in small and large groups.
C)& How social
groups determine who will lead them.
D)& The role
of leaders in social groups.
63. The passage mentions all of the following ways by
which people can become leaders EXCEPT &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&.
recruitment
B)& formal
election process
C)& specific
leadership training
traditional cultural patterns
64. Which of the following statements about leadership
can be inferred from paragraph 2?
A)& person who
is an effective leader of a particular group may not be an effective leader in
another group.
B)& Few people
succeed in sharing a leadership role with another person.
C)& A person
can best learn how to be an effective leader by studying research on
leadership.
people desire to be leaders but can produce little evidence of their
qualifications.
65. In mentioning “natural leaders” in line 7, the author
is making the point that &&&&&&&.
A)& few people
qualify as “natural leaders”
B)& there is
no proof that “natural leaders” exist
C)& “natural
leaders” are easily accepted by the members of a group
D)& “natural
leaders” share a similar set of characteristics
66. The passage indicates that instrumental leaders
generally focus on& &&&&&&&&&.
A)& ensuring
harmonious relationships
B)& sharing
responsibility with group members
identifying new leaders
D)& achieving
Part Ⅴ Error
Correction
Direction:This part consists of a short passage. In this passage,
there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to
change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the
corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and
write the correct word in thecorresponding&
blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place
and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and
put a slash (/) in the blank.
When we speak of a human need, we mean something
which is unnecessary to life, something we can live
with.&&& 67 &&&&&&&&
Food is a human need. We will starve to death if there&&&&& 68&&&&&&&
w but even if we have plenty of food,
but of the wrong kind, our bodies will have problem from
lack of the right food. This is known for malnutrition(&&&& 69&&&&&&&
In countries where are not developed, man’s food&&&&&&&&&
needs are the same like in the most advanced societies.
We&&&& 71&&&&&&&
all need food and could live a good life on very few types
food. People in very developed countries eat only the
kinds&&&&& 72&&&&&&&
of food which can be grown near their homes, whereas
people in developed countries eat foods which are often
grown many thousands of miles away form their homes.
People in undeveloped countries are happy with less
different kinds of foods than people in very developed ones
are, so we can say that despite the needs of the two
kinds&&&&&&&&
of people are the same, their wants are different. People
very developed countries eat many different types of
meat—they could live by only one, but they would be
very&&&&&&&
unhappy because every time what they ate was the same.
Even such special foods like chicken would be less fun
to&&&&&&&&
eat if you had them every day. But we can’t just live on
meat—we need other kinds of food like bread, rice, and
vegetables which are no more necessary to our bodies.&&&&&&&&&&
Part ⅥTranslation (5
Direction:Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating
into English the Chinese given in brackets.
77. Jinling Hotel, where I stayed during my first visit to
Nanjing,&&&&&&&&&
on Hanzhong Road.
78. I am sure we can solve the problem if we all&&&&&&&&&
79. Mary constantly&&&&&&&&&&
() her husband, which annoys him.
80. It is no good waiting for the bus,&&&&&&&&&&
81. Prices are going up rapidly. Petrol now &&&&&&&&&&&().
Part ⅠWriting
Dear Lawrence,
It has been five years since we met each otherlast time. How time flies! How
are things with you?The happy time we spent together is always on my mindand I really hope to meet you
again. As you know, Spring Festival, Lunar New Year, isthe most favorable holiday for us
Chinese. With its colorful andrich traditions, it is celebrated almost in every partof China. Everyone is indulged in
the dominantatmosphere of joyous family reunion and with the freshand vigorous look people greet
the New Year.
The celebrations vary from place to place, butthere are three traditions that
have never differedthroughout the country. First, the New Year’s Eve dinneris a symbol of family reunion,
with all family memberssitting around the steaming table, tasting a varietyof delicious food and wishing
each other health,success and happiness. Second, people, during theholidays, will visit each other
to express their bestregards and wishes. And finally, we can enjoy themarvelous lion and dragon dances
symbolizinghappiness, good fortune and prosperity.
&The day is
drawing nearer, my families and Isincerely invite you to join us for this year’sSpring Festival. If you’d like
to, we can makefurther arrangements. Looking forward to your reply!
ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
“Even the FBI,which attempts…is involved”:FBI
2. Y. :“…the
easy access of microcomputers to huge mainframe data bases.”
7. NG.:abc
9. an example “…be cited as an example”,“…”
10. customer trust
ⅢListening ComprehensionSection A
11. A12. B13. B14. B15. B&&&&&&&&&&&&&
16. B17. D18. C19. D20. D
21. C22. A23. B24. D25. B
26. D27. B28. C29. D30. A&&&&&&&&&&&&&
31.B32. B33. A34. D35. B
ⅣReading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Section A
47. Dfeelabout,
Dguilty, feel
guilty about sth. “…”“”
48. Mbe obsessed with “…//”“”“”
49. Atoanswer
50. I moreways“”I
53. Lbringbring“”“”L
54. Kbecomeofbe/become
suspicious of “…”
55. Jinbelief“(have)belief
in sth.” …
share,“share sth with sb, ”
58. C“Every
act of production uses up some of society?s it means the
foregoing of an opportunity to produce something else.”C
59. D“Materials
used for one purpose cannot at the same time be use if the
quantity of an input is limited, the increased use of it in one manufacturing
process must cause it to become less available for other uses.”
a market economy the price of a good and the quantity supplied depends on the
cost of making it”(),
“The cost of, say, a pair of shoes is the price of the leather, the labor, the
fuel, and other elements used up in producing them.”
61. C——“”ABDC
62. Dinstrumental
leadersexpressive leadersDABC
63. CArecruitmentBelection
seems…virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has
qualities that meet the needs of that particular groupBCD:
65. B“…decades
of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any
category of ‘natural leaders’”“”B
66. Dinstrumental
leaderexpressive leaderExpressive
leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with
providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension
and conflict among them.
Part ⅤError
Correction
67. unnecessary
necessary :necessary
willwouldwould
for as“be known as…”
“be known for…”be
known as,“”
70. wherewhich/thatwhere
wherewhichthat
71. likeas“the
same as……”
72. developedundevelopedwhereas“”“”undeveloped
underdevelopedundeveloped,
73. despitealthough/thoughdespite
“despite the fact that…, ”despitealthoughthough
74. byon“live
on (sth.), , …,
…”“live
by (doing sth.)…”:live
75. likeassuch
76. moreless“no
more necessary,“”
“no less necessary”“”
ⅥTranslation
77. is situated
78. put our heads together
79. finds fault with
80. we may/might as well walk home
81. petrol now is twice as expensive as it was a few years ago.