主句是过去将来时，if引导的条件状语从句用什么时态？
主句是过去将来时，if引导的条件状语从句用什么时态？
09-08-20 &
一 状语从句的种类 § 1状语从句的种类 用来修饰谓语动词、其它动词、定语、状语或整个句子的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句可分为： 1.时间状语从句2.地点状语从句；3.原因状语从句；4.条件状语从句；5.目的状语从句；6.让步状语从句；7.比较状语从句；8.程度状语从句；9.方式状语从句；10.结果状语从句。 §2状语从句的时态特点 一般情况下，时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”，用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”。 二 时间状语从句 §3时间状语从句（adverbial clause of time） 1.由when, while, as引导的时间状语从句。 【区别】when, while和as的区别：when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。并且when有时表示“就在那时”。 While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。并且while有时还可以表示对比。例如： While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (was reading是延续性的动词，was reading和was watching同时发生) As表示“一边……一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后。 As we was going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时，开始下雪了。（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间） 2.由before和after引导的时间状语从句。注意before引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语，并且当before引导的从句位于主句之后，有时译成“就，才”。还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系。当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作发生的先后。After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句相反。 3.由till或until引导的时间状语从句。till和until一般情况下两者可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用until。并且要注意的是：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。例如： 4.由since引导的时间状语从句。 since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在It is ＋时间＋since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。例如： 5.由as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute, 等引导的时间状语从句。这些连词都表示“一……就”。 【注意】hardly(scarcely, rarely)…when / before, no sooner…than相当于as soon as之意。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。当hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首时，主句应用倒装语序。 6.由by the time引导的时间状语从句。注意时态的变化：在一般情况下，如果从句的谓语动词用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词用过去完成时；如果主句的谓语动词用一般现在时，主句的谓语动词用将来完成时。 7.由each time, every time和whenever引导的时间状语从句。 8.由as long as和so long as引导的时间状语从句。这两个连词表示“有多久……就多久”。 三 地点状语从句 §4地点状语从句 (adverbial clause of place) 地点状语从句一般由连接副词where, wherever等引导，已经形成了固定的句型，例如： 句型1：Where＋地点从句，（there）＋主句。 【注意】此句型通常译成“哪里……哪里就……”；主句在从句后面时，there可用可不用；如果主句在从句的前面时，一般都不用there。 句型2：Anywhere/ wherever＋地点从句，＋主句。 状语从句是句子的状语由一个从句充当，来修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词等。状语从句都由从属连词引导，与主句连接，放在句末时，一般不在前面加逗号。 状语从句根据它表示的意思可分为时间，原因，条件，比较，结果，目的等类。 时间状语从句：是由when, as, while, after, before, since, until, as soon as 等从属连词引导的状语从句。 时间状语从句中的谓语动词不能用一般将来时，只能用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。 原因状语从句： because, since, as和for都表示原因。because语势最强，回答why提出的问题，用来说明人所不知的原因。当能够很明显的看出原因或人们已知原因，就用as或since。 由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。 目的状语从句：表示目的状语的从句可以由in order that, so that,等词引导。 结果状语从句：结果状语从句常由so...that 或 such...that引导，要掌握和区分这两个句型， 首先要了解so和such后面分别跟什么词。such是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词,只能修 饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。 如：The box is so heavy that I can't carry it. 让步状语从句：是由though, although 引导的状语从句
请登录后再发表评论!求 GMAT 语法讲解 As As用法？
求 GMAT 语法讲解 As As用法？
08-11-16 &
考点一：用于比较级，表示“相等、相似、一样”。 结构是as...as...，前一个as是副词，在否定句中也可以用so，后跟被修饰的形容词或副词原级。如果所跟形容词修饰可数名词单数，则用as + adj. + a (an) + 名词 + as...，其中后面的as是连词。 [考例] He speaks English well indeed, but of course not _____ a native speaker. (2004上海) A. as fluent as B. more fluent than C. so fluently as D. much fluently than [解析]答案为C。根据句意可看出应该是用副词修饰谓语动词speak，排除形容词的A、B项；根据比较级排除D项，C项是so...as...结构，由于是否定句，所以选“so fluently as”。 考点二：as many / much / far / long...as + 具体数目表示达到某种程度,译作“多达…… / 远到…… / 时间长达……”。 [考例1] John is the tallest boy in the class _______ according to himself. (2005安徽) A. five foot eight as tall as B. as tall as five foot eight C. as five foot eight tall as D. as tall five foot eight as [解析] 答案为B。根据句意可看出是表示“高达5.8英尺”，所以用本结构，表示具体高度的five foot eight应该置于连词as之后，排除A、C和D。 [考例2] After supper she would sit down by the fire, sometimes for _______ an hour, thinking of her young and happy days. (2003上海春招) A. as long as B. as soon as C. as much as D. as many as [解析] 答案为A。本题考查相同比较级结构的不同意义。根据题干中的具体时间an hour可以看出是指时间的长度。 考点三：as用于表示倍数的句型中 如果表示A是B的X倍可以用句型“A is X times as + adj. / adv. + as B.”。 [考例1] What a terrible table! I’ve never seen such a thing before. It is _______ it is long. (2005湖北) A. half not as wide as B. wide not as half as C. not half as wide as D. as wide as not half [解析] 答案为C。根据倍数表达方式排除B和D,根据句意看出not否定be动词,本句意为：“这是一张什么样的桌子!我以前从来没有见过这样的东西,它的宽度竟然不到它的长度的一半”。 [考例2] The house rent is expensive. I’ve got about half the space I had at home and I’m paying _______ here.(2003上海) A. as three times much B. as much three times C. much as three times D. three times as much [解析] 答案为D。根据句型结构把倍数置于as之前，排除A、B和C，因此只有D项符合。 考点四：as引导限制性定语从句 as作为关系代词可以引导限制性定语从句，通常与the same或such连用。 [考例] The houses are sold at such a low price _______ people expect. (2000上海春招) A. like B. as C. that D. which [解析] 答案为B。如果按照“such...that...”的结构理解为“如此……以至于……”，则不符合题意，因此应该理解为定语从句。事实上，根据从句中的expect是及物动词，而其没有宾语，可以推断所需要的连接从句的连词在从句中作宾语，那么只有从定语从句方面考虑。 要注意与such...that...所引导的结果状语从句之间的区别。如果从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，就说明所用的连词是关系代词，从而可以推断是定语从句，否则就视为状语从句。例如：He made such rapid progress that before long he began to write articles in English for an American newspaper. 考点五：as引导非限制性定语从句 as与which一样都可以引导非限制性定语从句，但是，which不可以置于句首，而as可以，并且还有“ 就像、正如”之意。 [考例] _______ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. (2004北京) A. It B. As C. That D. What [解析] 答案为B。本题考查as引导的非限制性定语从句的用法。根据句中的逗号可以看出是复合句，需要连词连接，排除A；What引导名词性从句；That不可以引导非限制性定语从句。所以只可以选B，as引导非限制性定语从句。 考点六：as用于不定式中 不定式短语so as to do sth.在句中作目的状语，同in order to do sth.，但不可以用于句首； so + adj. / adv. + as to do sth.在句中作结果状语，（例如：The bird flew so fast as to escape being shot.）二者的否定形式是在to前直接加not。 [考例1] All these gifts must be mailed immediately _______ in time for Christmas. (2005辽宁) A. in order to have received B. in order to receive C. so as to be received D. so as to be receiving [解析] 答案为C。本题的so as to也可以换作in order to，由此可以看出所给的四个选项的区别在于不定式时态和语态上。根据句子的主语可以推出不定式应该是被动形式，即礼物“被收到”。考点七：as...as...形为比较级，实际上已经被赋予其他意义，可以作连词，多用于引导状语从句，从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时表示一般将来时，一般过去时表示过去将来时。例如： 1. as soon as“一……就……”。 [考例] The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she arrives.(1990 MET) 2. as far as“就……而言, 远到，一直到，至于、到达某一点、程度或范围”。 [考例] _______ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. (2004北京春 招) A. As long as B. As far as C. Just as D. Even if 3. as(so) long as“只要……就……”。 [考例] _______ I know, the money is safe. I shall not worry about it. (2003北京) A. Even though B. Unless C. As long as D. While 4. as well as “与……一样”，而as well 有too（也）的意思。 [考例] Let Harry play with your toys as well, Clare, you must learn to share. （2000 NMET） 注意当as well as 连接两个主语，强调前者，所以谓语动词的人称和数应与前面的主语保持一致。试比较： Not only Peter but also his parents are going to pay a visit to the Great Wall. Peter as well as his parents is going to pay a visit to the Great Wall. 5. as good as“几乎、几乎等于、像……一样”。例如： The book he lost is as good as new. 考点八: as引导状语从句 as作为连词可以引导状语从句，表示时间、原因、方式、让步等。 1. 引导时间状语，意思是“当……时”，同while / when，更强调“一边……一边……”。表“随着……”的意思时同with，但with是介词，不可以跟句子。 [考例1] With production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year. (2000 NMET) [考例2] Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as Father was away in France. (1994 NMET) [考例3] As the day went on, the weather got worse. (1990 MET) 2. 引导原因状语从句，同since。 [考例] We had better hurry _______ it is getting dark.(1984 MET) A. and B. but C. as D. unless 3. 引导让步状语从句，意思同though或although，但通常要用倒装结构。可以把从句中宾语、表语、状 语甚至谓语动词置于句首，如果是带有冠词的可数名词单数作表语，置于句首时应省去冠词。 [考例1] _______, Carolina couldn’t get the door open.（2005广东） A. Try as she might B. As she might try C. She might as try D. Might she as try [考例2] _______, I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John. （2001上海） A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled so much C. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so much [考例3] _______, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class. （2005重庆） A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student [解析]答案为B。当as从句是主系表结构，而且表语是可数名词单数时，置于as前的名词前要省略冠词。 4. 引导方式状语从句，表示方式。意思是“像, 按照, 如同”。例如： You should finish your task as you are told to. 你应该按我说的那样把工作完成。 Leave it as it is. 保持原状, 不要动它。 考点九：as if (as though)“好像，好似”，引导状语从句。 一般用虚拟语气；对于可能发生的事情，也可以用陈述语气。 [考例] When a pencil is put in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______.(1994 NMET) A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken 再例如：You look as if you’ve been running. 你好像跑了一阵似的。 You look as if you’d seen a ghost. 你像是见了鬼似的。 前一例中的“you”的确跑过，所以用陈述语气；而第二句中的“you”可能并没有看见鬼，只是表现出受惊的样子而已，所以用虚拟语气。 考点十：as 作为介词 作介词的as意思是“作为 / 以……的身份，作为 / 充当角色、身份或功能的”，而介词like的意思是“像……，诸如”。 [考例1] I feel that one of my main duties _______ a teacher is to help the students to become better learners. (2004广东) A. for B. by C. as D. with [考例2] _______ most students, she was always prepared and never came to class late. (1998上海) A. Like B. As C. For D. To 另外，以下与as有关的短语应引起考生们的重视。 as it is 事实上、其实； as it were 可以说是、好像； act as 担当、扮演、担任； work as担任; regard / consider / have / treat / look on / sb. as... 把……看作……；认为……是; as follows 如下； as a matter of fact事实上；such as诸如；as usual跟往常一样；be famous（known） as以（作为……）而闻名；begin as开始是……；as a result (consequence)结果是……；as a rule通常、一般；as the old saying goes俗话说。
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A，不是缺少介词的对应，共用base的介词on,主要是名词和动名词是不能并列B，the harvesting不是动名字，前面有the,冠词只能用在名词前，也就是这个单词没有cultivation之类的名词，harvesting即为其名词表达。因此不是名词和动名词并列，而是名词并列C，it指代主语还是宾语有歧义，均为单数
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状 语 从 句
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状 语 从 句
&&& 在复合句中作状语的从句叫状语从句。状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等种类。现分述如下：
一、时间状语从句
引导时间状语从句的连接词有: when, as, while, after, before, since, ever since,as soon as, once, till, until, whenever, no sooner&than, hardly/scarcely...when, the moment/minute/instant/second, every time, each time,any time,the first time, next time, last time,all the time, by the time,directly, immediately, instantly等。
1.表示&一&&&就&&&&的句型
1) as soon as/once
& as soon as he arrives, i'll call you.他一到，我就给你打电话。（as soon as 侧重时间或动作先后衔接紧，而once侧重条件，表示&一旦...&）
2) on doing sth/on one's + n.作时间状语
& on arriving at the station, the thief was arrested.
& 一到达车站，这个小偷就被逮捕了。
& on his arrival in paris, he was recognized as a noble and thrown into prison. 他一到达巴黎，就被认出是一个贵族，并被投入监狱。
3) no sooner ...than , hardly/scarcely...when
它们表&一&就&。结构中的否定词放在句首时，主句要倒装。（主句都用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。）
&&no sooner had he reached home than it began to rain.
& 他刚到家，天就开始下雨了。
& hardly/scarcely had i entered the room when the phone rang.
& 我一进屋，电话就响了。
注意 当no sooner, hardly, scarcely不放在句首时，主句不倒装，如：
& i had no sooner reached the bus stop than the bus started.
&我刚到车站，车就开走了。
& i had scarcely（hardly）entered the room when the phone rang.
4）the moment, the instant, the minute, the second
& the moment i saw him, i recognized him.
& 我一看见他，就认出了他。
& we'll leave the minute you are ready.
& 你一准备好，我们就出发。
5)有些副词如：instantly, immediately, directly可用作连词，后接从句。
& i left immediately the clock struck 5.
& 我刚走，钟就敲了五点。
2. when, while, as引导时间状语从句
1) when的用法
①when既可指时间点，也可指时间段（即：从句动词可以是短暂的也可是延续的）；主从句动作可同时也可先后发生。
&&i was thin when i was a child.
& 当我是个孩子的时候,我很瘦。
& it was raining when i arrived.我到达时，天正在下雨。
②在when引导时间状语从句时，如果从句主语与主句主语相同或为it，且从句有be动词，则从句可省主语和be动词，如：
& when (you are) in trouble, you can visit this man.
& 当你有麻烦时，可以找这个人。
& she is always listening to music when（she is) doing her homework.& 当她做作业时，总是听音乐。
③when在下列结构中, 译成&这时&,它引导的是并列句
be about to do ... when, be doing ... when, had done &&&when,
be on one's way ... when, be on the point of doing ... when（参见&连词&部分when的用法）
2）while用法
while只能指一段时间，从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。强调某一段时间内发生主句动作，相当于during the time that....
& my mother was cooking while i was doing my homework.
& 当我在做作业时，妈妈在做饭。
& i am safe while i am here.我在这儿的时候，我很安全。
注意 while除引导时间状语从句外，还引导对比句，作&然而&讲；并可在句首引出让步状语从句作&虽然&&&但&讲。
& i like watching tv, while he likes reading.
& 我喜欢看电视，而他喜欢读书。
& while he has his own car, he often uses mine.
& 尽管他自己有车，他却常用我的。
3) as的用法
① as引导时间状语从句时常可和when换用，但较强调同时发生，多指短暂动作。
as i left the house, i forgot the key.我离家时，忘了带钥匙。
② as还可说明两种正在发展或变化的情况，&随着...&的意思，表时间的推移。如：
as i get older, i get more optimistic.
随着年龄的增长，我变得更加乐观。
③as表&一边&一边&&，引出伴随动作。
he hurried home, looking behind as he went.
他匆忙地回家，边走边往后看。
④用以强调两个动作紧接着发生。
as he was going out, it began to rain.
当他出去的时候，天开始下雨了。
⑤as有时引出一个名词，相当于一个时间状语从句。
as a boy (when he was a boy), he was hopeless at maths.
当他是孩子时，他对数学失去希望。
3. before引导的时间状语从句
①before引导的时间状语从句不用否定式谓语。
before they got to the bus stop, the bus had gone.
在他们到达公共汽车站之前，公共汽车已经走了。
②在&it be + 时间段 + before从句&句型中，肯定句译成&&（之后）才&，否定句译成&&就&。该句型有一般过去时、过去将来时、一般将来时三个时态，且有否定句。
it will be some time before... do...
it was some time before...did...
it would be some time before...did...
it was long before...did...&很久才&&&&
it wasn't long before...did...&不久就...&
it will be many years before the chemicals start to escape from
the containers. 多年以后化学物质才开始从容器中逃逸。
it was not long before he came back.不久他就回来了。
it was a long time before he got to sleep again.
很久他才再次入睡。
it was a week before he could tell his story.
& 一个星期后他才能讲述他的经历。
& it wasn't long before he told us about himself.
& 不久他就给我们讲述了他自己的故事。
▲before可译成&未来得及&
he had measured me before i could get a word.
我还未来得及插话，他就量好了尺寸。
▲before可译成&趁着还没&
i'll write it down before i forget.
趁着还没忘我要把它写下来。
4. until和till
1)&延续性动词肯定式+until&表示&动作延续到&为止，&译为&直到&为止&，如：
i waited for him until he came back. 我一直等到他回来。
2)&终止性动词的否定式+ until&表示&直到&&&才&。
he didn't go to bed until he had finished his work.
直到完成工作他才睡觉。
3)用于强调句式&it is not until ...that ...&
it was not until the professor came that, began the experiment.
在教授到来之后，我们才开始实验。
4) not until放在句首时，主句倒装。
not until he graduated did he succeed in obtaining this compound.& 直到他毕业他才成功获得这种化合物。
注意 句首和强调句中要用until，而不用till；not...until...句型中不用till。
5. since引导时间状语从句，意为&自从&时起&，主句要用完成时。
mr. li has been here since he came back.
自从李先生回来以后，他一直在这儿。
i haven't heard from him since he lived here.
自从他不住在这儿以来，我就没有收到过他的来信。
i've known mr. smith since i was a boy.
我小的时候就认识史密斯先生了。
6.时间状语从句的省略式
&& 当时间状语从句的主语和主句主语相同或为it，从句又含be动词时，从句可省略主语和be动词。在不产生歧义时，连词也可省去。如：
once (it is) seen, it can never be forgotten.
一旦被看见过，永远也不会被忘记。
二、地点状语从句
1.地点状语从句主要由where, wherever anywhere, everywhere引导。
& we must camp where we can get water.
& 我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。
& i will follow you wherever you go.
& 无论你到何处我都要跟随你。
2.地点状语从句与定语从句的区别：
where引导定语从句，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词。
&go back where you came from.（where引导地点状语从句）
&go back to the village where you came from.
（where引导定语从句，village为先行词）
三、原因状语从句
&& 原因状语从句由because, as , since, now (that)（既然）, in that（因为，多于口语中）,seeing (that)（鉴于，由于）,considering that（考虑到）等引导。
1. because用来回答why提出的问题，表直接的因果关系，用于告知对方不知道的原因，语气最强，可用于强调句。
&&he didn't attend the meeting because he was ill.
&他没参加会议，因为他病了。
& it was because he was ill that he didn't go with us.
& 因为他有病，他没有和我们一起去。
注意 because和because of的区别：because是连词，引导从句，because of是短语介词，后接名词性词语，如：
& the football match was put off because it rained.
& the football match was put off because of the rain.
& 因为下雨，足球赛延期了。
2. since, as, now that引导的原因状语从句，不能用于强调句。
①since的语气比because稍弱，表示关系上的自然结果，特别用于原因已经清楚了的事情，一般译成&既然，鉴于&（往往放在主句之前）如：
& since you have known the secret, i needn't say anything about it.&&&& 既然你已经知道了这个秘密，我就不必说了。
②as语气最弱，说明一般的因果关系，表显而易见的原因或倒果为因的说法（可放在主句之前，亦可放在主句之后），如：
&&as he didn't know much english, he got out his dictionary and looked up the word& cough&.
& 他对英语懂得不多，他拿出字典查找&cough&这个词。
& as the ground is wet, it must have rained last night.（倒果为因）
& 昨晚一定下了雨，地面是湿的。
③ now that用来说明一种新情况，然后加以推论。now that放句首时that可省略：
&&now (that) everybody is here, let's begin.
3. for也可以表示原因，属并列连词，不是说明直接原因，而是对某种情况加以推断，表示补充说明理由。而推断的理由会因人而异。语气很弱，它引出的分句必须放在另一分句后。
& he must be ill, for he is absent today.
4.原因状语从句有时可以用分词形式表现。
&&as he was blind, he couldn't see anything.
& being blind, he couldn't see anything.
四、条件状语从句
1．由if, unless（if...not）, so/as long as, supposing(that)（假设）, in case（万一&, 以防&）, so/as far as（就...而言）, on condition that（条件是...）, provided/providing (that)（假若）引导。
tell me about it if you have time.
i won't go unless i'm invited.
take an umbrella with you in case it rains.
you may use the room as/so long as you clean it up afterwards.
2.&祈使句+and/or/or else/otherwise+陈述句&的句型中，祈使句在意义上实际上相当于条件状语从句。
&&use your head, and you'll find a way.
& hurry up or else (otherwise) you&ll be late.
3. if only也可以引导条件状语从句,只不过较少使用而已。only if也引导条件状语从句，意思是&只有在...条件下&
&&if (only) it clears up, i will go.
4.条件状语从句中一般要用一般现在时态表将来。
&&i will go if you go.
5.条件状语从句中的省略问题
1)从句主语为it,又有系动词be时，可以省略从句中主语和be动词。
&&come tomorrow if (it is) possible.
& if so, you must get back and get it.
& 还有诸如if necessary&如果有必要&，if any&如果有&，if in need&若需要&。
2）如果if从句的主语和主句的主语一致，谓语动词又有be,可以把从句中的主语和be省略掉。
&&if (water is) heated, water sends out steam.
6.条件句中的虚拟与倒装
① if引导的条件状语从句若与过去或现在事实不符，或对未来进行不可能的假设，就要用虚拟语气。（详见虚拟语气部分）
②省略if的虚拟条件从句：若条件从句的谓语动词有were, had或should,可以把if省去，而把were，had或should移到主语前构成倒装。
had i arrived there earlier, i would have seen him.
&were it not for him, i would not have the chance to go home.
&should he be here tomorrow, i would give him a hand.
五、目的状语从句
由so that（以便）， in order that（为了），for fear that（= in case）（以免），lest（以防）引导，谓语常含may, might, can, could, will, would等情态动词。
they set out early so that they might arrive at the station in good time.
i'll speak slowly so that/in order that you can understand.
he wrote the name down for fear that（lest）he would forget.
★当从句与主句主语一致时，可用to do, so as to do, in order to do结构换用。
&&he worked day and night in order that he could succeed.
& he worked day and night in order to succeed.
六、结果状语从句
1.常用的连词有so that，so ... that,such...that, that（带古英语痕迹）。（结果状语从句中一般无情态动词）
& he had overslept so that he was late for work.
& my pen fell under my desk that i couldn't see it.
2. so/such ...that所用句式
①so + adj（adv) + that从句
&&the box is so heavy that i can't carry it.
②so+adj +a/an+单名+ that从句＝such a/an+adj.+单名+that从句
& she is so beautiful a girl that all the boys of our class like her.
& =she is such a beautiful girl that all the boys of our class like her.
③so many/few +复名+ that从句
& so much/little+不可数名词+ that从句
there are so many apples on the desk that we each have one.&&&
there is so little water that you can't drink.
④such +a/an + adj + 单名+ that从句
&&she is such a good girl that she can help you.
⑤such + adj +复名/不可数名+ that从句
& it was such bad weather that we all stayed home.
& he has such interesting books that he keeps reading all day.
注意 little表&小，可爱&时，用such不用so修饰。
& &he is such a little boy that his patents often teach him something.
七、方式状语从句
&& 由as, as if (as though)引导。
& do as you like.
& he spoke as if he had been there before.
注意 as if, as though从句与事实相反时用虚拟语气，与事实相符，不用虚拟语气。
八、比较状语从句
①常用连词than, as ...as..., not as/so... as
he ran as far as he could.
i'm not as/so tall as he/him.
she studies harder than i（study）．
②the more ... the more...引导, 且经常以省略形式出现
& &the harder you try, the better you will understand.
九、让步状语从句
由though, although, as, even if/though , no matter wh-, wh-ever词，whether...or（不管...都），when, while等引导。
1. though, although这两个连词用法基本一样，只是前者口语化，后者较正式，常位于句首，都不与but连用，但可以和yet，still，nevertheless连用。though还可作副词单独放在句尾，表示&然而&的意思。
& although the tv set is very dear, i still want to buy it.
& though /although he was worn out, he kept on working.
2. as引导让步状语时，从句部分用倒装语序，句型为:
①形容词/副词/名词+ as +主 +谓
②动词+ as +主 +情态动词
child as he is, he knows a lot.
proud as these nobles are, they are afraid to see me.
great a scientist as he is, he remains modest.
try as i might, i couldn't lift the stone.
注意 在这种倒装结构中，也可以用though（不太常用），但不可用although.
& bravely though the players fought, they had no chance of winning.
3. even if（尽管；即使）, even though（尽管）
& 这两个复合连词意义基本相同，常用以强调让步概念，有退一步想的意思（有时用于虚拟）。表&即使&时有假设含义，一般用even if。
& we'll make trip even if(though）the weather is bad.
& even if i were in your place, i wouldn't take the job.（虚拟）
4.&whether... or...&可引导让步状语从句
& whether you believe it or not, it is true.
5.&no matter + wh-&引导让步状语从句
引导让步状语从句时&疑问句-ever&相当于&no matter +疑问词&，此时：
no matter who = whoever
no matter what = whatever
no matter which = whichever
no matter where = wherever
no matter how = however
no matter what happened, he would not mind.
it's a nice room no matter whom (whoever) it belongs to.
6.&no matter + wh-&结构只能引导让步状语从句，而&wh-ever&形式除引导让步状语从句外，还可以引导名词性从句。
& 引导名词性从句时：
whoever = anyone who任何&的人&
whatever = anything that任何&的事（物）
whenever = anyplace where任何&的地方
i will give the book to whoever needs it.
i like whatever you like.
7.when引导让步状语从句时置于主句后
①虽然&&&却&&&，尽管&&&但&&&
&&he walks when he might take a taxi.
②本（应...，可以...）却...。
when从句用虚拟式为：could/should ... have done
&&she stopped trying when she might succeed next time.
8.while引导让步状语从句时置于主句前，与though同，但though从句可到装，while从句不可倒装。
9.让步状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。
& no matter what he is, he will be punished.
十、状语从句的省略现象
&& 当状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同或为it, 同时从句谓语含be动词，就可省去从句的主语和be动词。
&&①时间状语从句中：
don&t speak until (you are) spoken to.
while (i was) in beijing, i lived with my uncle.
i want to go swimming when (it is) possible.
&&②条件状语从句中：
come tomorrow if (it is) possible.
if (it is) so, you would be punished.
unless (it is) repaired, the tv set is of no use.
& ③方式状语从句中：
she stood at the gate as if (she was) waiting for someone.
& ④其他状语从句中：
though (it was) cold, he still wore a shirt.
fill in the blanks with proper words where (it is) necessary.
&&&&&&&&&&
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