until you2 hours late这样说对嘛?

nuero appointment 2 hours late then he had lost my notes
So my appointment is 11.30, get there in time. When i got there i was told there was an hours delay. OK thats not too bad. In reality it was 2 HOURS, i was seen finally at 1.30.
When I got into his office he said oh I am sorry I seem to have lost your notes, there is only a couple of letters in your file.
FUME, or what.??
I mean he doesn't really remember why i am there, as you dont have the privilege of seeing your neurologist every week but once every 6 months if your lucky and with all the people they have to see there is no way they would know why you are there.
Anyway i told him my left leg was getting weaker and worse etc, so he did some new tests, sticking in pins, reflex and tuning fork, and when i sat down again he said I needed to have ANOTHER FULL SPINAL MRI. OMG not another one.
A full spinal one. He doesnt want me to have a LP as he said they are too inconclusive, then he went on to say that all these tests can be false negatives anyway depending on when you do them. If this is true what is the point of putting ourselves through all the stress of having them.
So in essence unless you hit the lottery and jackpot you could have an MRI every week and finally hit the exact right depth and time and get a result of sorts but it could take months.
He also wants me to have a 2nd opinion as he is worried he is missing something, as all my results are positive BUT not glaringly so.
He is still giving me a working diagnoses of myelitis, but this worry's me, as its been going on for 2 years, and apparently if you dont treat myelitis with steroids at the right time it can lead to permanent damage.
As I am getting worse it makes me wonder.
He also said that I dont have a tumour or a bad stroke or last stages MS so I am not in danger of popping my clogs basically.
Do I go for a 2nd opinion and the MRI or do i just forget it and get on with life. I dont know if i can be bothered to be honest. I hate the MRI it drains me so much. If I go for a 2nd opinion it means i have to go through everything again. Why bother really. My daughter thinks i should, but to be honest i dont think i have the stomach for it anymore.
God 2 hours late and then told he had lost my notes, I swear to god I could have thumped him LOL.
Anyone else out there with myelitis and what treatment are you on?
Thanks for listening. Maria. (Got a headache now from hanging about).
Page 1 of 1
Grrrrrrrrrrrrr! How disrespectful and incompetent. At least he KNOWS he is.&&Please get a second opinion.&&Sounds like he isn't even sure it is Myelitis....you need a new doctor.
Hang in there :-)
Mary Kay
Grrrrrrrrrrrrr! How disrespectful and incompetent. At least he KNOWS he is.&&Please get a second opinion.&&Sounds like he isn't even sure it is Myelitis....you need a new doctor.
Hang in there :-)
Mary Kay
Mary Kay is right.&&He has disrespected you.&&But he is willing to give you the care you deserve by putting you in better hands -- someone else's!&&Good for both of you!
I'm sorry you had to wait so long to waste your time.&&All things for a reason, though, I think, and perhaps the timing will mean something, somehow in getting better care.&&Please do get the new opinion and get copies of everything you can to bring along with you for the new doc to make copies of.&&It looks like you may have to travel with your own movable chart.&&We all should!
Take care and feel well!
Mary Kay is right.&&He has disrespected you.&&But he is willing to give you the care you deserve by putting you in better hands -- someone else's!&&Good for both of you!
I'm sorry you had to wait so long to waste your time.&&All things for a reason, though, I think, and perhaps the timing will mean something, somehow in getting better care.&&Please do get the new opinion and get copies of everything you can to bring along with you for the new doc to make copies of.&&It looks like you may have to travel with your own movable chart.&&We all should!
Take care and feel well!
Personally...I think you should call this neuro's office right now and find out who he is going to refer&&you to and when the appointment is!&&This guy needs to be roasted over a hot fire for cryin out loud!&& I have to agree with Zilla in that sometimes things happen for a reason and I think in this case the reason is because this neuro is incompetent!&& Run, don't walk, to a new neurologist honey...I know that it can be exhausting and MRI's are not fun but the point is that if you are diagnosed with MS the sooner you are started on the DMD's the better chance you have of slowing the progression of the disease.
The proof is in the Health Pages...the sooner you are treated after diagnosis the better chance there is of the disease progression being slowed.&&So go to a new neuro, ask the old one for copies of what he does have (the idiot) and when you do see the new neuro ensure you get copies of all the tests that are done ok?&&That way you will have your own file and you won't have to rely on the incompetency of the physicians office right?&&Good Luck my dear and please keep in touch.&&We would like to know what you decide and if you do go to someone new we would like to hear how much better you are treated!
Lots of Hugs,
Personally...I think you should call this neuro's office right now and find out who he is going to refer&&you to and when the appointment is!&&This guy needs to be roasted over a hot fire for cryin out loud!&& I have to agree with Zilla in that sometimes things happen for a reason and I think in this case the reason is because this neuro is incompetent!&& Run, don't walk, to a new neurologist honey...I know that it can be exhausting and MRI's are not fun but the point is that if you are diagnosed with MS the sooner you are started on the DMD's the better chance you have of slowing the progression of the disease.
The proof is in the Health Pages...the sooner you are treated after diagnosis the better chance there is of the disease progression being slowed.&&So go to a new neuro, ask the old one for copies of what he does have (the idiot) and when you do see the new neuro ensure you get copies of all the tests that are done ok?&&That way you will have your own file and you won't have to rely on the incompetency of the physicians office right?&&Good Luck my dear and please keep in touch.&&We would like to know what you decide and if you do go to someone new we would like to hear how much better you are treated!
Lots of Hugs,
this is so bad, this Neuro should have all his patients just walk away or run away like rena says...
I would get a referral to a New Neuro...you have to get better then the old one...please... and see a new Neuro...he/she most likely will want more testing...but, GET copies from you old Neuro and make copies for yourself...Take them to the new Dr...let the new Dr decided what testing is needed..
I wouldn't trust your old Neuro with any decisions...just my opinion though...
good luck and keep us informed...
take care
wobbly
undx
this is so bad, this Neuro should have all his patients just walk away or run away like rena says...
I would get a referral to a New Neuro...you have to get better then the old one...please... and see a new Neuro...he/she most likely will want more testing...but, GET copies from you old Neuro and make copies for yourself...Take them to the new Dr...let the new Dr decided what testing is needed..
I wouldn't trust your old Neuro with any decisions...just my opinion though...
good luck and keep us informed...
take care
wobbly
undx
We must be living in a parallel universe.&&My neuro wanted me to get a second opinion too.&&He kept bugging me about it again and again, so I dragged myself into the new guy today.&&I didn't want to be there. Wasn't sure I could care what he had to say anyway, and really didn't want to go through all the &what happened, then what happened...&&&But, on the plus side this guy explained things to me and even showed me the MRIs and explained what he was seeing.&&That was the first time anyone had done that.&&So, long story short...Please consider the second opinion.&&Yes, you will have to go through all the explanation again and the exam and whatever, but think of it as a second set of eyes looking at your unusual situation.&&You may even wait and do the MRI later, but at least do the second opinion.&&
Icing on the cake for me was that my second opinion doctor said &yes& when I asked if he would take me on as a patient.&&Now I have a new neuro especially one who is experienced working with MS patients.&&
Take good care and let us know what you decide to do.
Many hugs,
We must be living in a parallel universe.&&My neuro wanted me to get a second opinion too.&&He kept bugging me about it again and again, so I dragged myself into the new guy today.&&I didn't want to be there. Wasn't sure I could care what he had to say anyway, and really didn't want to go through all the &what happened, then what happened...&&&But, on the plus side this guy explained things to me and even showed me the MRIs and explained what he was seeing.&&That was the first time anyone had done that.&&So, long story short...Please consider the second opinion.&&Yes, you will have to go through all the explanation again and the exam and whatever, but think of it as a second set of eyes looking at your unusual situation.&&You may even wait and do the MRI later, but at least do the second opinion.&&
Icing on the cake for me was that my second opinion doctor said &yes& when I asked if he would take me on as a patient.&&Now I have a new neuro especially one who is experienced working with MS patients.&&
Take good care and let us know what you decide to do.
Many hugs,
Paaaaathetic!&&Not only should&&you change Neuro's,&&but if he is part of a medical group I would write a letter to the medical director.&&Get a new neuro for yourself and help protect others from the old one.
Maybe an MS specialist?&&Good luck.
Blessings,
Sally
Paaaaathetic!&&Not only should&&you change Neuro's,&&but if he is part of a medical group I would write a letter to the medical director.&&Get a new neuro for yourself and help protect others from the old one.
Maybe an MS specialist?&&Good luck.
Blessings,
Sally
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nuero appointment 2 hours late then he had lost my notes
So my appointment is 11.30, get there in time. When i got there i was told there was an hours delay. OK thats not too bad. In reality it was 2 HOURS, i was seen finally at 1.30.
When I got into his office he said oh I am sorry I seem to have lost your notes, there is only a couple of letters in your file.
FUME, or what.??
I mean he doesn't really remember why i am there, as you dont have the privilege of seeing your neurologist every week but once every 6 months if your lucky and with all the people they have to see there is no way they would know why you are there.
Anyway i told him my left leg was getting weaker and worse etc, so he did some new tests, sticking in pins, reflex and tuning fork, and when i sat down again he said I needed to have ANOTHER FULL SPINAL MRI. OMG not another one.
A full spinal one. He doesnt want me to have a LP as he said they are too inconclusive, then he went on to say that all these tests can be false negatives anyway depending on when you do them. If this is true what is the point of putting ourselves through all the stress of having them.
So in essence unless you hit the lottery and jackpot you could have an MRI every week and finally hit the exact right depth and time and get a result of sorts but it could take months.
He also wants me to have a 2nd opinion as he is worried he is missing something, as all my results are positive BUT not glaringly so.
He is still giving me a working diagnoses of myelitis, but this worry's me, as its been going on for 2 years, and apparently if you dont treat myelitis with steroids at the right time it can lead to permanent damage.
As I am getting worse it makes me wonder.
He also said that I dont have a tumour or a bad stroke or last stages MS so I am not in danger of popping my clogs basically.
Do I go for a 2nd opinion and the MRI or do i just forget it and get on with life. I dont know if i can be bothered to be honest. I hate the MRI it drains me so much. If I go for a 2nd opinion it means i have to go through everything again. Why bother really. My daughter thinks i should, but to be honest i dont think i have the stomach for it anymore.
God 2 hours late and then told he had lost my notes, I swear to god I could have thumped him LOL.
Anyone else out there with myelitis and what treatment are you on?
Thanks for listening. Maria. (Got a headache now from hanging about).
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At night we have bath time at 9 then a bottle and he's rocked for a bit and laid down around 10. He sleeps until about 3:45. He wakes up ready for a bottle. After he eats he goes back to bed and is right back up a little after 6 ready to eat 4 ounces again. This goes on every 2 hours until late in the afternoon when he can hold out about 3 hours. I'm trying to have him eat 5 ounces a feeding to last longer and sometimes I get lucky. Anyone else experiencing this or can anyone offer any advice?
08/03/2011
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If he _____ another 2 hours, he _____ everything ready.[&&&&]A. will get&&B. gets&&C. will get&&D. will get
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语态:是动词的一种形式,它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者,或者是说动作是由主语完成的,要用主动语态;如果主语是动作的承受者,或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的,则用被动语态。
被动语态的构成:被动语态的基本结构:主语+be +过去分词(+by+动作的发出者)① 一般现在时:am/is/are+过去分词如:Trees are planted every year. ② 现在进行时 am/is/are+ being +过去分词如:The road is being repaired.&③ 现在完成时 have/has + been +过去分词如:The work has been finished. ④ 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词如:The story was told by him. Many birds were killed last year. ⑤过去进行时 was/were+ being + 过去分词如:&The new house was being painted when I got home. ⑥过去完成时 had +been+ 过去分词如: He told me that the work had been finished. ⑦一般将来时& will +be + 过去分词如:The problem will be discussed tomorrow. ⑧ 过去将来时 would/should +be +过去分词如: He said that the Christmas tree would be put up soon.⑨情态动词的被动语态情态动词+ be +过去分词&&&& 如:The problem must be solved soon.Children should be taught to love animals.
被动语态使用注意:1. 不及物动词无被动语态。 如:happen, break down, come out......What will happen in 100 years. The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. 2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。 如: write, sell, ride.....This pen writes well. This new book sells well. 3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式,主动语态中不带“to”,但变为被动语态时,须加上“to”。 例:make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. 4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时,直接宾语(物)作主语,那么动词后要用介词,这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。 He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him. He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him. My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father. 5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时,动词短语应当看作一个整体,而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。 We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laughed at by us. He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day. The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.构成be+done.
主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤:①把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语②把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词,并注意其人称和数随主语的变化,而动词的时态则保持不变。③原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现(注代词的宾格),如不需要则可省略。 ④其它的成分(定语、状语)不变。不用于被动语态的情形: ①不及物动词没有被动语态 这类动词有take place, happen, come about, break out, appear, disappear, last,& arise等。 例如:A fire broke out during the night. ②某些静态动词不用于被动语态 这类动词有have, lack, fit, hold, suit, resemble等。&例如:My shoes do not fit me. ③宾语为相互代词和反身代词时不用于被动语态 例如:We should help each other. 关于主动形式表示被动意义:①系动词(如look, sound, smell, feel, taste, prove等)要用主动表被动,因为系动词为不及物动词,它们没有被动语态形式。 例如:The building looks very beautiful. ②当open, close, shut, lock, move, read, wash, clean, cook, cut, wear, carry 等用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常用主动形式表示被动意义。 例如:The book sells well. ③有的动词本身含有被动意味,通常用主动形式来表示被动含义。 例如:Her eyes filled with tears. ④不定式to blame, to let用作表语时,通常要用主动表被动。 例如:Who is to blame? ⑤某些“be+形容词+to do”结构中的不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义。 例如:The book is difficult to understand. ⑥不定式用于某些动词(如have, have got, get, want, need等)的宾语后作定语时,如果不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语,通常用主动形式表示被动意义。 例如:Do you have time to help us? ⑦在too...to do sth.和...enough to do sth. 这两个结构中,若主语与其后不定式为to do sth.被动关系,则该不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义(有时也可直接用 被动式)。 例如:The writing is too faint to read. ⑧be worth后的动名词要用主动表被动。 例如:This movie is worth seeing. ⑨在need, want, require等少数表示“需要”的动词后的动名词用主动形式表示被动意义。 例如:The house needs cleaning. 表示“据说”的三类被动句型:①It is said that...句式 例如:It is said that thirteen is an unlucky number. ②There is said that...句式& 例如:There is said to be plenty of oil off our coast. ③sb./sth.is said that...句式 例如:Mr. Brown is said to have died of liver cancer.
被动语态各时态构成 :
一般现在时
am/is/are+过去分词
一般过去时
was/were+过去分词
现在进行时
am/is/are being+过去分词
过去进行时
was/were being+过去分词
一般将来时
will be+过去分词
过去将来时
would be+过去分词
现在完成时
have/has been+过去分词
过去完成时
had been+过去分词
情态动词be+过去分词
情态动词的被动语态:一、理解含情态动词的被动语态的概念含情态动词的被动语态说明某个被动性动作所反映出的感情和态度。初中阶段可用于被动语态的情态动词有“can、may、must、need、should”等,分别表示“能够被……”,“可以被……”,“必须被……”,“需要被……“,应该被……”等。二、掌握含情态动词的被动语态的不同句式的变换方法含情态动词的被动语态的疑问句、否定句的变化均借助于情态动词完成。(一)一般疑问句直接将陈述句被动语态中的情态动词提前。如:Mustthisworkbedoneatonce?这项工作必须立即完成吗?Shouldyourhomeworkbefinishedbeforesix?你的家庭作业应在六点前完成吗?(二)特殊疑问句由疑问词加上一般疑问句被动语态构成。如:Whenmustthisworkbedone?这工作必须在什么时候完成?Wherecanthelostbookbefound?这本失踪的书能在什么地方被找到?(三)反意疑问句借助情态动词构成附加疑问部分。如:Thisbridgecanbebuiltnextyear,can'tit?这座桥明年能建成,是吗?Thisbookshouldn'tbetakenoutofthelibrary,shouldit?这本书不应被带出图书馆,是吗?(四)否定句在情态动词后面加上“not”或“never”即可,但“must”表“必要”时否定式为“needn't”。如:Thisworkneedn'tbedoneatonce.这项工作没必要立即做。Thisdustbinshouldn'tbeputhere.这个垃圾箱不应放在这儿。三、含情态动词的被动语态的一般疑问句的回答含情态动词的被动语态的一般疑问句的回答应保留原情态动词,但“must”表“必须”时,其否定回答应用“needn't”、“need”表“必要”时,其肯定回答应用“must”。如:—Shouldmyexercisesbefinishedtoday?我的作业应在今天完成吗?—Yes,theyshould.是的,应在今天完成。(No,theyshouldn't.不,不应在今天完成。)—Musthisexercisebookbehandedinatonce?他的练习本必须立即上交吗?—Yes,itmust.是的,必须立即上交。(No,itneedn't.不,不必立即上交。)—Needhebeoperatedonatonce?他必须立即手术吗?—Yes,hemust.是的,他必须。(No,heneedn't.不,他不必。)
状语从句:指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导,也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。
状语从句分类:1、时间状语从句常用引导词:when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until特殊引导词:the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day,the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … whenI didn't realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.The children ran away from the orchard(果园) the moment they saw the guard.No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.2、地点状语从句常用引导词:where特殊引导词:wherever, anywhere, everywhereGenerally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.3、原因状语从句常用引导词:because, since, as, for特殊引导词:seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, as much as, so much asMy friends dislike me because I'm handsome and successful.Now that everybody has come, let's begin our conference.The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.4、目的状语从句常用引导词:so that, in order that特殊引导词:lest, in case, for fear that,in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end thatThe boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.5、结果状语从句常用引导词:so that, so… that, such … that,特殊引导词:such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,He got up so early that he caught the first bus.It's such a good chance that we must not miss it.To such an degree was he excited that he couldn't sleep last night.6、条件状语从句常用引导词:if, unless,特殊引导词:as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition thatWe'll start our project if the president agrees.You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.7、让步状语从句常用引导词:though, although, even if, even though特殊引导词:as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装),while ( 一般用在句首 ),no matter …, in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whicheverMuch as I respect him, I can't agree to his proposal.尽管我很尊敬他, 我却不同意他的建议。The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.He won't listen whatever you may say.8、比较状语从句常用引导词:as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较)特殊引导词:the more … the more … ; just as …, so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … not A so much as BShe is as bad-tempered as her mother.The house is three times as big as ours.The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人,犹如油之于机器。9、方式状语从句常用引导词:as, as if, how特殊引导词:the wayWhen in Rome, do as the Roman do.She behaved as if she were the boss.Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.
状语从句用法:时间状语从句(1) when引导的时间状语从句 ①.when引导的时间状语从句,其动词既可以是延续性动作的动词,也可以是瞬间性动作的动词,而且可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,或者从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前。如: when you apply for a job, you must present your credentials. 当你申请工作时,你必须递交你的有关证件。(同时) when the students heard the teacher’s footsteps, they all atopped talking. 当学生们听到老师的脚步声时,他们都停止了讲话。(从句动作发生在前) ② when还可表示just then(正在那时,突然)的意思,此时其所引导的从句只放在主句之后。如: we were about to start when it began to rain. 我们正要动身,突然天下起雨来。 The game had hardly/scarcely/barely begun when it started raining. 比赛刚刚开始就下起雨来。 (2) as引导的时间状语从句 as引导的时间状语从句其动词的动作是延续性的,而且侧重表示主句和从句的动作并相发生: We were having breakfast as she was combing her hair. 她梳头时我们在吃早饭。 It will warm up a little bit on Sunday as the cold front passes. 寒流一过,星期日就会有点暖意了。 (3) while引导的时间状语从句 while表示“在某一段时间里”或“在……期间”,其所引导的从句的动作是延续性的,并侧重表示和主句的动作同时发生。如: When the teacher paraphrased the text in English, the students listened attentively and took notes. 当老师用英语解释课文时,学生们聚精会神地听并做着笔记。 I can learn while I work. 我可以边工作边学习。 (4) before引导的时间状语从句 ① before“在……之前” I have finished my dissertation before my supervisor went abroad. 在我的导师出国之前,我已完成了我的学位论文。 I’ll be back before you have left. 你离开之前我就会回来。 ② before“……之后才” It may be many years before we meet again. 可能要过许多年我们才能再见了。 It was three days before I came back. 他三天后才回来。 (5) as soon as/once/directly/the instant等引导的时间状语从句 as soon as 是最常见的表示“一……就”的从属连词,其他连词还有once,directly,immediately,instantly,the instant (that),the minute(that) ,the moment(that)等,它们通常都可与as soon as换用。如: As soon as we got home, the telephone rang. 我们一到家,电话就响了。 I recognized her immediately I saw her. 我一看见她就认出她来了。 Directly the teacher came in everyone was quiet. 老师一进来,大家就静了下来。 (6) hardly...when/no sooner...than引导的时间状语从句 关联从属连词hardly/barely/scarcely...when和no sooner...than的意思是“刚……就”,它们所引导的从句中的谓语动词通常为过去完成时。如: He had no sooner (no sooner had he)arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. 他刚一到家,就又要他出另一次差。 No sooner had the words been spoken than he realized that he should have remained silent. 这些话刚一出口,他就意识到自己应该保持沉默。 (7) since引导的时间状语从句 在含有since引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,从句的谓语动词通常为一般过去时,主句的谓语动词通常为现在完成时、过去完成时和一般现在时: We’ve never met since we graduated from the college. 大学毕业后我们就再没见过面。 Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走了以后,这里发生了巨大变化。 (8) till/until引导的时间状语从句 till和until同义,作“直到……时(为止)”解,till多用于非正式文体,until多用于句首。如: Donald will remain in college until(till) he finishes his Ph.D course. 唐纳德将留在学校直到完成他的博士学位课程。 I won’t go with you until(till) I finished my homework. 等我做完作业我才和你一起去。 (9) whenever/each time/every time引导的时间状语从句 whenever在引导时间状语从句时作“每当;每次”解,each time和every time与whenever同义,通常可以与它换用。如: The roof leaks whenever it rains. 每逢下雨屋顶就漏雨。 Whenever certain chemicals are mixed together,heat is produced. 某些化学物质被混到一起时,就会产生热。 Whenever/ Every time/ Each time I met her, she was studying. 我每次看见她时,她总是在学习。 状语从句 - 地点状语从句(1) when引导的时间状语从句 从属连词where“在(或到)……的地方” Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。 Put it where you found it. 把它放在原来的地方。 ① where 在地点状语从句中,除指地点外,还可指处境等。如: He said he was happy where he was. 他说他对自己的处境很满意。 It’s your fault that she is where she is. 她今天落到这个地步都怪你。 ② 有时地点状语从句中的某些词可以省略。如: Fill in the blanks with the given phrases. Change the form where necessary. 用所给的短语填空,必要的地方可以改变其形式。 Avoid structure of this kind where possible. 只要可能,就要避免这种结构。 (2) wherever引导的地点状语从句 从属连词wherever“在(或到)……的各个地方”: You can go wherever(anywhere) you like these days. 这些天你可以去你想去的地方。 Where (Everywhere) they went, the experts were warmly welcomed. 专家每到一处, 都受到热烈的欢迎。 Sit down wherever you like. 你喜欢坐哪儿就坐哪儿。 状语从句 - 原因状语从句&(1) because引导的原因状语从句 because表示人们不知道的直接的原因或理由,着重点在从句,其所引导的从句,为全句句意的中心所在。通常用于回答why引出的疑问句,语气最强,除特别强调外,该从句一般位于主句后面。 I didn’t go abrord with her because I couldn’t afford it. 我没有和她一起出国是因为费用太高。 Don’t scamp your work because you are pressed for time. 不要因为时间仓促而马马虎虎。 (2) as引导的原因状语从句 as引导的原因状语从句所传递的通常是已知信息,从句多位于主句之前,通常可以和since换用。如: As I didn’t know the way,I asked a policeman. 我不认识路,因而问警察。 As it is snowing, we shall not climb the mountain. 由于在下雪,我们不去爬山了。 (3) since引导的原因状语从句 since引导的原因状语从句所传递的通常是已知信息,从句多位于主句之前,通常可以和as换用。如: Since traveling by air is much faster,they decided to take a plane. 既然乘飞机旅行快得多,他们就决定坐飞机。 Since you won’t help me ,I’ll ask someone else. 你既然不帮我,那我就请别人帮忙。 (4) now(that)引导的原因状语从句 now(that)“因为;既然”,通常可以和since换用。其中that可省去,用来表示一种新的情况,再加以推论。如: Now(that) you?蒺ve passed your test you can drive on your own. 你既已考试合格,就可以独自开车了。 I do remember,now (that) you mention it. 你这一提,我倒的确想起来了。 (5) seeing (that)引导的原因状语从句 Seeing (that)“鉴于;由于”,通常用于非正式文体。如: Seeing (that) the weather is bad,we’ll stay at home. 天气不好,我们还是呆在家里吧。 Seeing that he’ s ill,he’s unlikely to come. (6) in that引导的原因状语从句 in that“因为;基于……的理由”,可以和because换用,多用于正式文体,它所引导的原因状语从句总是位于主句之后。如: Advertisement is distinguished from other forms of communication in that the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered. 广告不同于其他交际形式,因为登广告的人要为其所提供的信息付费。 I’m in a slightly awkward position, in that he’s not arriving until 10th. 我的处境有点难堪,因为他要十号才来。 状语从句 - 目的状语从句&(1) in order that引导的目的状语从句 in order that“为了;以便”。多用于正式文体,通常可以与so that换用。如: You stopped at Hangzhou in order that they could go around West Lake. 他们在杭州停了下来,以便游览西湖。 The expert spoke slowly in order that everyone should understand. 专家讲得很慢,以便人人听得懂。 (2) so (that)引导的目的状语从句 so that“为了;以便”。so that通常可以与in order that换用,它所引导的目的状语从句总是放在主句之后,在非正式文体中,常省略that。如: Speak clearly so that they may understand you. 你要讲得清楚,他们才听得懂。 She wanted tea ready at seven so she could be out by eight. 她要七点钟备好茶点,这样她八点以前就可以出门了。 (3) in case/for fear (that)/lest等引导的目的状语从句 in case,for fear(that)和lest这三个从属连词都表示否定目的,意思是“以免”,“以防”。in case多用于英国英语,它所引导的从句中的谓语动词可以是陈述语气形式,也可以是虚拟语气形式;for fear(that)引导的从句中的谓语带有may,might,should等情态动词;lest用于正式文体,它所引导的从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气形式。如: Take your umbrella with you,lest it should rain. 带上你的伞,以防下雨。 Take your umbrella in case it rains. 带上你的伞,以防下雨。 He took an umbrella with him for fear that it might rain. 他带了一把伞,以防下雨。状语从句 - 结果状语从句(1) so that引导的结果状语从句 ① so that引导的结果状语从句只能位于主句之后,中间可以有逗号。如: Suddenly it began to rain heavily,so that it was almost impossible to carry on driving. 突然下起了大雨,几乎无法继续开车。 Linda phoned me in on arrival so that I know she was safe and sound. 琳达到达后给我打了电话,因而我知道她平安无事。 ②“so that”既可引导结果状语从句也可引导目的状语从句。究竟是引导的结果状语从句还是目的状语从句,除了根据句意来判断外,还可根据结构形式来加以判断。若从句前有逗号,一般为结果状语从句,如果从句中有情态动词,通常则为目的状语从句。如: They started out early, so that they didn’t miss the train. 他们早早就出发了,所以没误火车。(结果状语从句) They started out early so that they would not miss the train. 他们早早出发是为了不误火车。(目的状语从句) (2) so...that引导的结果状语从句 so...that“如此……以致”,that在非正式文体中可以省略,so后面接形容词或副词。如: She spoke so fast that nobody could catch what she was saying. 她说话如此之快竟没有人听出来她在讲什么。 There is so little time left that I have to tell you about it latter. 现在剩下的时间不多了,我只好以后再给你讲这件事。 (3) such...that引导的结果状语从句 引导结果状语从句的such...that的具体内容是:such+a/an+形容词+名词+that从句。其中的名词可以是可数名词的单数或复数,也可以是不可数名词。such+a/an+形容词+单数名词+that从句可换成so+形容词+a/an+单数名词+that从句。如: The Japanese student made such rapid progress that he soon began to write article in Chinese. 那个日本留学生进步很快,不久就开始用中文写文章了。 The professor told us such a funny story that all the students laughed. (=The professor told us so funny a story that all the students laughed.) 教授讲了个很有趣的故事,(以致于)所有的学生都笑了起来。 (4) such that引导的结果状语从句 such that引导的结果状语从句多用于正式文体,主句为“主—系—表”句型。如: The force of the explosion was such that it blew out all the windows. 爆炸的力量很大,所有的窗户都被炸掉了。 His anger was such that he lost control of himself. 他气得不能克制自己的感情。状语从句 - 条件状语从句&(1) if引导的条件状语从句 if可引导非真实条件状语从句(见“虚拟语气”)和真实条件状语从句。如: If he said that,he can’t be telling the truth. 如果他说了那样的话,他不可能是说实话。 (2) unless引导的条件状语从句 unless引导的是否定条件状语从句,在意义上相当于if...not,而且语气较强,一般不用于虚拟语气。如: You’ll be late unless you hurry. 你会迟到的,如果不赶快的话。 (3) if only引导的条件状语从句 if only在引导条件状语从句时意为“只要;如果”。如: I’ll let you use the car if only you keep it in good condition. 只要你把车保养好,我就让你用。 (4) as/so long as引导的条件状语从句 as/so long as意为“只要;如果”。如: As long as it doesn’t rain, we can play. 只要不下雨我们就能玩。 (5) provided (that)/providing (that)引导的条件状语从句 provided (that)/providing (that)意为“如果;只要”。如: I will agree to go provided’ providing (that my expense are paid.) 假如为我负担费用,我就同意去。 Providing you promise not to tell anyone else I’ll explain the secret. 状语从句 - 让步状语从句(1) although/though引导的让步状语从句 although和though,都作“虽然;尽管”解,通常可以换用,although的语气较重。如果要强调“但是”语气,可使用yet,still或nevertheless来表示“但是”、“依然”或“然而”之意。 Although they have been talking for a long time, he cannot make her believe him. 虽然和她谈了半天,他还是不能让她信任自己。 (2) even if引导的让步状语从句 even if “即使,纵然”,从句表示的是尚未发生的动作或存在的情况。如: Even if it rains tomorrow,we won’t change our plan. 即使明天下雨,我们也决不改变计划。 Even if I failed again, I will not give up the experiment. 即使我再次失败,我也决不会放弃实验。 (3) even though引导的让步状语从句 even though“虽然,尽管”,从句所表示的是已经发生的动作或存在的情况,通常可以和although/though换用。如: Even though I didn’t understand a word,I kept smiling. 即使我一个字也不懂,我还是保持微笑。 Even though you say so,I do not believe it. 即使你这样说,我也不信。 (4) much as引导的让步状语从句 much as“虽然,尽管”,通常可以和although/though换用: Much as I’d like to,I can’t come. 我虽然很想来,但是来不了。 Much as I admire his courage,I don’t think he acted wisely. 我虽然佩服他的勇气,但我认为他这样做是不聪明的。 (5) while引导的让步状语从句 while“虽然,尽管”,多用于正式文体,通常可换作although/though。如: While I understand your point of view,I do not share it. 我虽了解你的观点,但不敢苟同。 While I sympathize,I really can’t do very much to help. 虽然我很同情,但我确实帮不了什么忙。 (6) whatever/No matter what引导的让步状语从句 whatever和no matter what用法相同,都作“无论什么”解,后者多用于非正式文体。如: Whatever/No matter what he says,don’t go. 不管他说什么,你都不要走。 We are determined to fulfill the task,whatever/no matter what happens. 不管发生什么了,我们决心完成任务。 (7) whichever/no matter which引导的让步状语从句 whichever和no matter which用法相同,都作“无论哪个”解,后者多用于非正式文体。如: Whichever/No matter which you buy, there is a six-month guarantee. 不论你买哪个,都有六个月的保修期。 Whichever/No matter which of the two men had stolen her purseBarbara was determined to find them. 不管这两个人是谁偷了她的钱包,芭芭拉决心找到他们。 (8) whoever/no matter who引导的让步状语从句 whoever和no matter who用法相同,都作“无论谁”解,后者多用于非正式文体。如: You can’t come in, whoever you are. 不管你是谁,都不能进来。 Whoever/No matter who wants to speak to me on the phone, tell him I’m busy. 不管谁要我接电话, 就说我现在正忙着呢。 (9) whereverno matter where引导的让步状语从句 wherever和no matter where用法相同,都作“无论在(或到)哪里”解,后者多用于非正式文体。如:Wherever/No matter where you go, I’m Right Here Waiting fo ryou. 无论你到哪里,我都依然在这里等着你。 (10) however/no matter how引导的让步状语从句 however和no matter how用法相同,都作“无论如何……”解,后者多用于非正式文体。 However much you regret doing that, there is nothing you can do about it now. 无论你可能多么懊悔你曾经做过的事,现在也无济于事了。 However high it may be,it can’t reach the sky. 它不论有多高,也高不到天上去。 (11) whenever/no matter when引导的让步状语从句 whenever和no matter when用法相同,都作“无论何时”解,后者多用于非正式文体。如: Whenever I’m unhappy,he cheers me up. 每当我不高兴时,他就给我鼓劲儿。 (12)(no matter) whether...or引导的让步状语从句 whether...or和no matter whether...or用法相同,都作“不论……还是”解,后者的语气强一些。如: When It Rains or not, we’re playing football on Sunday. 无论下不下雨,我们星期天一定踢足球。 (13) as引导的让步状语从句 as在引导让步状语从句时作“虽然;尽管”和“即使”解,但是它不位于句首,在它前面的可以是形容词、名词、副词等。如: Strong as you maybe, you cannot lift it. 虽然你可能很有力气,你却无法把它提起来。 Late as it was, they continued to study. 时间尽管不早了,他们仍继续学习。 状语从句 - 方式状语从句(1) as引导的方式状语从句 as在引导方式状语从句时意为“以……方式;如同……那样”,从句有时是省略句。如: Do as I say. 要照我说的做。 I did just as you told me. 我正是照你说的办的。 Air is to man as water is to fish. 空气之于人犹如水之于鱼。 (2) as if/as though引导的方式状语从句 as if和as though的用法相同,都作“好像,仿佛”解。如: 二者引导的状语从句往往用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反。as if比as though更为常用。但也可用陈述语气,表示所说的情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。如: They looked at me as if ‘as though I were mad. 他们瞧着我好像我发疯了似的。 They look as if/as though they know each other. 他们看来好像互相认识。 状语从句 - 比较状语从句(1) as...as 引导的比较状语从句 as...as表示同级比较,主句中用形容词或副词的原级形式,从句常常为省略句。如: We were as fortunate as them (they were) 我们和他们一样幸运。 I hope she will make as much progress as you (have done). 我希望她将取得和你同样的进步。 (2) not so/as...as 引导的比较状语从句 not so/as...as表示同级比较,主句中用形容词或副词的原级形式,从句常常为省略句。如: That’s not so/as simple as it sounds. 那件事情不像听起来那么简单。 (3) than引导的比较状语从句 than引导的比较状语从句表示同等比较,主句中用形容词或副词的比较级形式,从句常常为省略句。如: He has lived here longer than I(has lived). 他在这儿住的时间比我长。 They love the girl than(they love) him. 他们爱这个女孩而不爱他。 (4) the..., the...引导的比较状语从句 The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes. 英语听得越多就越容易。
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