测试纱线毛羽有何实际意义？
纱线毛羽对织造的意义很大。纱线毛羽大，纱线条干度就差，易对浆纱、整经、织造等一系列的活动带来负面影响。至于具体的影响，请查一下纺织相差资料。由于影响太多，没办法一一给你展开。
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《纺材实验》系列之三目& & 录第二篇 纱 线&&实&&验实验二十二&&纱线直径测试& && && && && && && && && && && && && && && &&&（79）实验二十三&&纱线线密度测试& && && && && && && && && && && && && && && & （84）实验二十四&&变形丝线密度测试& && && && && && && && && && && && && && &&&（87）实验二十五&&纱线条干均匀度测试& && && && && && && && && && && && && && &（89）实验二十六&&纱线捻度测试& && && && && && && && && && && && && && && &&&（96）实验二十七&&变形丝紧缩伸长率和紧缩弹性回复率测试& && && && && && && &&&（102）实验二十八 单纱强伸性测试& && && && && && && && && && && && && && && &（104）实验二十九&&纱线弹性测试& && && && && && && && && && && && && && && &&&（117）实验三十& & 棉纱线筒子回潮率测试& && && && && && && && && && && && && &（121）实验三十一&&纱线毛羽测试& && && && && && && && && && && && && && && &&&（128）实验三十二&&涤/棉混纺纱混纺比测试& && && && && && && && && && && && & （132）
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第二篇& &纱线实验实验二十二 纱线直径测试一、& &实验目的与要求通过实验，掌握应用生物显微镜（装有目镜测微尺）或投影仪测试纱线直径，熟悉显微镜和投影仪的操作方法。二、& &实验仪器与用具生物显微镜（配有目镜和物镜测微尺）或投影仪，张力重锤，载玻片，玻璃胶纸等工具。三、&&试样纱线或长丝若干。四、& &实验方法与程序（一） 显微镜法1.根据纱线特数选择适当的显微镜放大倍数（一般选择100～200倍即可）2.将物镜测微尺（物镜测微尺是一块中间有刻度尺的长方形薄片，刻度尺长度1mm,划分为100小格,即每小格为10μm），放在显微镜载物台上。3.旋开目镜盖，放入目镜测微尺（目镜测微尺是一块圆形玻璃片，其上刻有一定分度的刻度尺）。4.按显微镜操作步骤，调节到视野清晰，然后旋转目镜并移动物镜测微尺，使目镜测微尺与物镜测微尺的起始刻度对齐，然后找寻两测微尺再次重合的刻度线，分别数出从起始至再次数重合的格数（见图22—1）。按下式计算目镜测微尺每小格刻度的大小。
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1.取下物镜测微尺。2.将试样以一定张力（一般）纱线的张力为公称特数的1/4cN;化纤丝的张力为公称特数的1/3.3cN;变形纱为公称特数的1/1.1Cn)排列在载玻片上，再将置有试样的载玻片放在显微镜载物台上。3.移动载玻片，测量试样直径（不含毛羽）在目镜测微尺上占有的格数，并作记录。每一试样在不同片段共测定300个以上的数据（实验中可测30个）。4.测试完毕后，轻轻地取出目镜测微尺，使仪器状态复原。& && && &
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& &&&图22—1 目镜测微尺与物镜测微尺&&（二）投影仪法& && && &投影仪器外观如图22—2所示。& && && & 1.将纱线的一端夹入投影仪载物台的夹持器中，另一端挂上一定的张力，张力大小与显微镜法相同。2.旋转物镜转换器3，选择适当的放大倍数（一般20或50倍即可）。& && && & 3.将变阻器物手轮7旋至串联电阻最大值即500file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.gif处，然后再扳动电源开关6，点亮照明光源，再旋转变阻器手轮7来调节投影屏视场的俣适亮度。这是减小冲击员流，延长仪器灯泡寿命的有效程序，使用者务必注意，不能疏忽。仪器允许在使用过程中经常改变视场亮度来适应观察与测量需要，但一宜长时间地工作在最大亮度状态。4.旋转工作台升降手轮8，调节焦距，使纱线成像清晰地出现在投影屏上。5.转动工作台横向测微鼓轮9，将纱线物像的一侧边缘与投影屏上的横线重合，读出此时测微鼓轮9上的读数file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image014.gif,再转动横向测微鼓轮9，使试样物像另一侧边缘与投影屏上的横线重合（不包括毛羽），读出测微鼓轮9是第二个读数file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image016.gif。当测微鼓轮上游标尺的分度值为0.01mm时，则被测部分的纱线直径为：
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& && && && && && && && &&&图22—2 投影仪外观1—投影屏&&2—压图片&&3—物镜转换器具成 4—物镜组（有三种倍率20、50、100可供选择）5—工作台（载物台）&&6—电源开关&&7—变阻器手轮（用以调节投影屏上照度的强弱）8—工作台升降手轮（用于对试样调焦，以保证成像清晰） 9—工作台横向测微鼓轮（用于读出工作台横向位置或移值） 10—工作台纵向测微鼓轮（用于读出工作台纵向位置或位移值）
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六、& &试验报告要求1.记录：试样名称与规格、仪器型号、仪器工作参数、原始数据。2.计算：直径。七、& &思考题1.影响实验结果的因素有哪些？2.测试直径与计算直径是否相等，为什么？3.常见纱线直径大致范围为多少？
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实验二十三 纱线线密度测试一、实验目的与要求通过实验，掌握纱线线密度的测试方法和试验结果的计算方法，了解影响纱线线密度测试结果的因素。二、& & 试验仪器与用具YG086型纱框测长仪，电光天平或电子秤（灵敏度等于待称重量的千分之一或百分之一），Y802A型烘箱。三、& &&&试样棉型纱、毛型纱或化纤长丝。四、& &&&验方法与程序1.按规定的方法取样。2.将试验纱线放在试验用大气中（65% 2%RH，20 20C或65% 3%RH，20 20C）作近似调湿，时间不少于8h。然后从卷装中退绕纱线，去除开头几米纱，在YG086型纱框测长机（见图23—1）上摇出试验绞纱（缕纱），绞纱长度要求如下23—1所示。& && && && && && && && && && && &&&表23—1 绞纱长度要求绞纱长度/m纱线/tex200&&100&&50&&10低于12.5&&12.5 –100&&大于100&&大于100的复丝纱
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图23—1&&YG086型纱框测长机卷绕时应按标准采用一定的卷绕张力，在无标准时，采用表23—2数值。
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3.从摇纱器上取下绞纱。4．称重：(1)调湿折纱线为基础时：经调湿后的绞纱，用灵敏度等于待称每绞质量千分之一的天平，称取各绞纱质量。(2)以烘干纱线为基础时：把试样放在规定温度条件下烘干至恒定重（时间间隔20min，逐次称重，重量变化不大于0.1%）五、& &指标计算
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六、& &实验报告要求1.记录：试样名称与规格、仪器型号、仪器工作参数、原始数据。2.计算：在公定回潮率下纱线的线密度七、& &思考题1.影响线密度测定结果的因素？2.试推导特数、旦数、公制支数、英制支数间的相互关系？
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实验二十四 变形丝线密度测试一、实验目的与要求通过实验，学习用定长称重法进行变形丝线密度的测定二、实验仪器与用具米尺一把，扭力天平（25mg或50mg），张力夹，镊子，秒表，剪刀，烘箱。三、试样弹力丝一种四、实验方法与程序1.在保持卷缩状态下，取出长约40～60cm试样,将单根试样上端夹入垂直悬挂的米尺上端的夹子中（夹子的钳口应对准米尺的零位），下端夹上一定质量的张力夹[张力夹质量=1/9名义特数(cN)]，经30s后，准确切取90cm长的试样。2.将量好的试样放在烘箱内烘干后，取出放在干燥器内30min后，在扭力天平上称干重。总试验根数不少于30根（实验中可测5根）。五、指标计算
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六、实验报告要求1.记录：试样名长不与规格、原始数据。2.计算：线密度、线密度变异系数。七、思考题讨论影响弹力丝张密度测试结果的因素。
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实验二十五&&纱线条干均匀度测试一、实验目的与要求通过试验，了解YG133型条干均匀度仪的测试原理和测试方法，学习用该测试仪测试棉、毛、化纤等短纤维纺和混纺的条子、精纱、细纱的随机性与周期性不匀，以及细节、粗节、棉结（毛粒）的疵点数。二、实验仪器与用具YG133 型条干均匀度测试仪[或称乌斯特（Uster）条干均匀度仪]，如图25—1所示，它所括检测器、kzq、纱疵器、波谱器和记录器等组成部分。三、试样棉、毛纱线一种或两种。四、实验方法与程序按下电源“开”按键，预热20min,然后按下列程序进行工作。（一）& & 检测器的调节1.纱管放在检测器后面的纱架上。2.纱线穿过导纱器（用引纱针穿过每个导纱器）。3.纱线放入夹纱器并把第一根放入测试槽（根据细度，按表25—1放入规定槽中）。4.调整纱张力器，使纱线在高速运动时，纱线无抖动或异常现象为宜。5.设定测试速度和测试时间，如表25—2所示。6.检测器的启动：接通“电机”开关（粗纱和条子，则先接通“软启动”，再接通“电机”开关）。
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图25—1&&YG133 型纱线条干均匀度测试仪表25—1 测试槽适用纱支范围纱& & 支& &范& &围 &&槽号千特特公支格林/码英文（棉）英支（毛）80&&12.1 &&
&& 1128&&169.3 &&0.0480.011&&0.073 &&112.0&&3.301 &&33010.302169.2&&46.540.049&&0.1780.074&&0.27623.3003300&&160.10.303&&6.2446.530.&&179&&3.680.&&268&&5.533 160.0&&21.16.25&&47.5 3.69&&28.05.54&&42.14 21.0&&4.047.6&&250 28.1&&147.642.2&&2215 表25—2&&设定测试速度和时间测试速度file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif试样时间/min400细纱1，2.5,5200细纱1,2.5,5100细纱2,5,550细纱、粗纱525细纱、粗纱、条子5,108条子、粗纱5,104条子5,10(二)kzq的调节1.调整零点:将试样从测试槽中取出,再按”无试样调节”键,指针慢慢移至指示值-100%处,当按键灯熄灭后,将试样放回测试槽中。2.调整平均值：调整平均值有下列三种方法：(1)手控：按“手控”键，并按“迟缓”键，启动胶辊，用平均值手控电位器调整，使百分比表为0%然后按“正常”键。在采用处动换纱管检测方法时，同一纱支试样只需调整一次，即可测定该批试样的平均值系数（AF）值变化。(2)每管自动调零：按“每管自动调零”键，将自动调节每只管纱的平均值。这种情况下，管纱之间的支数差异既不能由平均值系数（AF）值反应，也不能由不均曲线图上反应。(3)第一管自动调零：按“第一管自动调零”键，将自动调整10只管纱中的第一只管纱的平均值，这种情况下AF值是对应于10只的相对支数变化值。3．检测定时的设定：有“1min”,“2.5min”,“5min”,“7.5min”,“10min”，各档按表25—2所示规定的时间来设定。4．放大比例的设定：有“100%”，“50%”，“25%”，“12.5%”,四个键按表25—3规定设定.如指示灯发亮,说明放大比例设定得不够准确。表25—3 放大比例试样放大比例细纱100%或50%（当实测CV%值小于10时，应用50%一档）粗纱50%或25%（当实测CV%小于5时，应用25%一档）条子25%或12.5%(当实测CV%值小于2.5%时,应用12.5%一档)5.检测类型有三种(1)正常:按“正常”键,用作正常测试.(2)迟缓:按“迟缓”键，用于手控调整平均值和测定平均值变化。（3）长度试验：按“长度试验”键，调节“长度系数”旋钮和走纱速度，可求得切割长度，测得该长度的变异系数。6． 自动换纱与记录器控制：按下“自动换纱”键，管纱与管纱之间的纱线就能自动切换，释放该键为手工换纱。按下“打印机”键，开启打印机，释放该键，关闭打印机。在测试时，按“直观图”键开启直观图记录器，释放该键，关闭直观记录器。7． 计算清零，启动与停止：在测试之前，必须按下“计算清零”键，以清除所有已贮存的数据。按下“启动”键，就可以进行测试了。测试结束后“停止”键灯亮，同时鸣叫，按下“停止”键，则停止鸣叫，测试槽中的试样，或双纱也会鸣叫。按下“停止”键，可随时中断一个或一系列测试工作。再按“启动”键可继续试验，只要未按过“计算清零”键，以前的数据将保留。8．& &&&平均值系数（AF）值：按下“平均值系数”键，在CV%显示器上显出AF的瞬时值。（三）波谱器的调节1.波谱图数：按下波谱图数键组的某一键。可以设定波谱数，在测试结束时，就绘出所需的张数。“0”键不绘图，“1”键绘制1张波谱图，“2“键绘制两张波谱图。2.检测中波谱图：按“检测中波谱图“键，在测试时任何时该可以画出波谱图。3.调节波谱图幅度（放大系数）有以下三种方法：(1)手控：按“手控”键，在测试过程中，需按一下kzq上“波谱图幅度”键，幅度就在CV%显示器上显示。按此数值，调幅度手控旋钮，使刻度盘上的数值与其分值相等，就能使图形在适应位置。(2)每管自动调节：按下幅度键中的“每管自动调节”键，在测试时每一只管纱的波谱图的幅度能自动调节。(3)第一管自动调节：按该键，波谱图的幅度只在一批10只管纱中的第一只自动调节，这样可以比较管纱之间的差异。(四)疵点指示器的调节1.试样纤维长度file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif＜40mm时，按“棉型”键；＞40mm,按“毛型”键。2.疵点灵敏度的设定有以下三种：(1)细节：其量程为-30%，-40%，-50%和-60%。。(2)粗节：其量程为+35%，+50%，+70%和+100% 。(3)棉结（毛粒）：其量程为+140%，+200%，+280%和+400%。根据工艺要求先择其参数。3.停机观察疵点：按“细节”键后，在细节计算器测出一个细节的同时，检测器上的胶辊脱开，停止走纱，以便对检测的细节作直观分析。同样，按“粗节”、“棉结”键后，当测出“粗节”、“棉结”时，可观察分析。(五)试验结果和打印字符的意义& && &&&如按下kzq上的“打印”键和“自动换纱”键，或公按下“打印”键，按下平均值键组中的“第一管自动调零”键，或按下“手控”键，并对第一只管纱手工调零。其中打印字符意义如下1.第2次测试：NEPS.S&&226(第一和第二只管纱棉结累加和);NEPS&&119(第二只管纱棉结数);THICKS&&107(第一和第二只管纱粗节累加和);THICK&&47(第二只管纱粗节数);THIN.S&&332(第一和第二只管纱细节累加和);THIN&&155(第二只管纱细节数);CV%AV&&23.80(第一和第二只管纱变异系数平均值×%);CV%S&&47.60(第一和第二只管纱变异系数累加和×%);CV%&&23.35(第二只管纱变异系数值×%);AF&&96(第二只管纱平均系数相对于第一只管纱开始时的平均值系数).2.第一次测试:NEPS.S&&107NEPS&&107(第一只管纱棉结数);THICKS&&61THICK&&61(第一只管纱粗节数);THIN.S&&168THIN&&168(第一只管纱细节数);CV%AV&&24.25CV%S24.25CV%24.25(第一只管纱变异系数值×%);AF100(第一只管纱平均值系数,相对于开始时的平均值系数)。五、实验报告要求记录：试样名称及规格，仪器型号，仪器工作参数，各指标值。六、思考题1.简述YG133型条干均匀度仪的基本测试原理。1.&&条干均匀度仪测试的纱条不匀与黑板条干不匀有何异同？
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实验二十六 纱线捻度测试一、实验目的与要求学习使用Y331A型纱线捻度机，测定纱线捻度，捻缩及股线捻缩率与捻系数的关系曲线。二、实验仪器与用具Y331A型纱线捻度机结构如图26—1所示。其他用具有挑针和剪刀。三、试样纱、线各一种。四、实验方法与程序（一）单纱捻度测试1.检查捻度机的各部分是否正常（仪器水平，指针灵活）。打开电源开关，电源指示灯亮，电源电压表指示电压数值。2.将扭子开关拨向“退捻加捻”。根据纱线捻向确定夹头回转（退捻）方向。如单纱一般多为“Z”捻，将解捻方向拨至“S”，使计数正向计数。3.校正夹距：旋松定距螺丝，按表1规定调节纱夹12、19之间的距离，然后旋紧15，使夹头12固定。4.按表26—1规定调整张为杆上的张力重锤9的位置，以对纱线加上规定的张力。5.定针片10的位置按表1中指出的限位值调整好。6.将定位片7刹好；在插纱架1插上管纱，从纱管顶端轻轻拉出细纱，防止细纱产生意外伸长和退捻，穿过导纱钩2，指针13上弹簧片，再将纱从引至右纱夹19的位置上，夹紧左纱夹12上纱，然后放开定位片7，使纱受到适当张力而拉直；轻轻牵动纱线，使指针13指在弧形伸长刻度尺上11的零位时，揿动右纱夹19的弹簧柄，将纱头夹紧在右纱夹上。
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图26—1&&纱线捻度机外形1—插纱架&&2—导纱钩&&3—辅助夹&&4—衫板&&5—横轨&&6—重锤盘&&7—定位片&&8—定位架&&9—张力重锤&&10—伸长限位&&11—弧标尺&&12—左纱夹&&13—弧指针&&14—摆动片&&15—支紧螺钉&&16—固紧螺钉17—调节螺钉&&18—定长标尺&&19—右纱夹&&20—零刻线&&21—指示线&&22—水平仪&&23—支承螺钉24—托脚 25—捻回显示窗 26—预置拨盘 27—调速变阻器 28—电源电压表表26—1&&各类单纱测定参数类别试样长度/mm预加张力/cN/tex&&(按特克斯数计算)测定&&次数允许伸长/mm棉纱（包括混纺纱）250file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif304.0中长纤维纱2500.3×Tt402.5精、粗梳毛纱（包括混纺纱）2500.1×Tt402.5苎麻纱（包括混纺纱）2500.2×Tt402.5绢丝2500.3×Tt402.5有捻单丝5000.5×Tt30—注&&当试样长度为500mm时，其允许伸长应按表中所列增加一倍，预加张力不变。7.“清零”钮，使数字显示为零，并根据不同试样选择转速。一般棉、丝选“Ⅰ”档（1500r/min）;毛麻选“Ⅱ”档（750r/min）。8.按“S开机”钮，当弧指针离开零位又回到零位时，仪器即自动停机，第二根试样的试验和以后的试验重复6、7、8三项。最后切断电源，机器状态复原。（二） 股线捻度测试1.将试验方式开关拨向“直接计数”一侧。2.把解捻方向选择开关拨向试样解捻方向。股线一般为“S”捻，解捻方向则为“Z”。3.将转速拨至“Ⅰ”档或“Ⅱ”档。4.拨动预置拨盘26，预置数应小于实际捻回数值。5.拉开间量开关（推—关，拉—开），并旋转调节一定音量。6.转动音响时间调节旋钮，调节一定的间响时间。7.装夹试样参照单纱测定，按清零按钮，使数字显示为零。预加张力见表26—2。8.按“Z开机”钮，开始解捻，听到快速变慢速间歇音响信号后，将股线挑开，认真注意解捻情况。解捻将要完毕时，右手做好停机准备。解捻一定立即按动停机按钮，记下显示捻回数据。另外，记录此时指针在弧形伸长尺上的刻度数，即为捻缩绝对值（l1-l2），由此可求出股线的捻缩率。如果万一解捻过头或未完，可以反向点动，或正向点动使之解完。第二次试样的试验和以后的试验重复7、8两项。（三）普通长丝和变形长丝捻度测试仪器调整用试验方法与股线相同，不同之处说明如下：1.试样夹持距离为500mm。2.预加张力：
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& && && && && && && && && &（26—1）变形式线张力重锤重量=名义特数(cN)& && && && && && && && && && && & (26—2)表26—2&&各类股线测定参数 类别试验长度/mm预加张力/cN·tex-1测试次数股1线棉、毛、麻股线2500.2530缆线5000.2530绢纺丝、长丝线5000.5030(四)股线的捻缩率及捻系数关系曲线测试欲求股线捻率及捻系数的关系曲需用两根平行单纱,速度选择器应拨至“Ⅲ”档.”自保—点动”开关拨至“点动”。按“S开机”钮，观察数字显示，待数显示为“10”时，放开“S开机”钮，记下此时弧形伸长尺的数值；然后再按“S开机”钮，待数显为“20”时，放开“S开机”钮。这样分别测得不同捻回时所对应的捻缩值，即可换算成捻系数与捻缩率，从而作出二者关系曲线（对应点不少于15点）。五、指标计算
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六、& &&&实验报告要求1．记录：试样名称与规格、仪器型号、仪器工作参数、原始数据。2．计算：单纱和股线的捻度、捻系数、捻度变异系数。七、& &&&思考题1．试述Y331A型 纱线捻度机测定单纱捻度的原理。2．有哪些因素会影响试验的结果？3．单纱与股线的捻度测定方法为何不同？4．测定单纱捻度时为何指针的位置要按细纱伸长控制范围进行调整，若不控制单纱的捻伸会产生什么后果？
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实验二十七 变形丝紧缩伸长率和紧缩弹性回复率测试一、实验目的与要求通过实验，学习测定变形丝紧缩伸长率和紧缩弹性回复率。二、实验仪器与用具米尺，秒表，剪刀，轻、重负荷张力夹，铁夹，红印泥等。
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三、试样变形丝一种。四、实验方法与程序1.从试样中取出保持卷缩状态的长丝约为30～40cm的试样，放入恒温水浴锅格子盘中，恒温处理30min。水温标准：锦纶60+-2；涤纶90+-2。取出平放在干燥的纱布上，在标准温度下自然晾干12h以上，即可测试。2.将平衡后的试样一端夹入垂直悬挂的米尺上端的夹子中，夹子的钳口与米尺的零位对准，在试样下端加轻负荷张力夹用手托住急速成下降。手离开轻负荷时，按下秒表，30s后在米尺20cm处用红印泥对试样作一记号。即为原始长度L1。3.去掉轻负荷张力夹，再加重负荷张力平，用手托住重负荷急速下降。手离开重负荷时，按下秒表，停30s后,观察原记号在米尺上的位置,记录其长度L2.4.去掉重负荷张力夹,使试样缓缓回缩，2min后加轻负荷张力夹，30s后记录原记号在米尺上的位置，记录其长度file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image014.gif。5.按上述方法共测试30根，取其平均值。五、指标计算
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2.计算：紧缩伸长率、紧缩弹性回复率。七、& & 思考题改变重负荷张力夹停留时间和试样回缩时间对测试结果有何影响？
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实验二十八 单纱强力伸性测试一、& &&&实验目的与要求通过实验熟悉单纱强力机的基本工作原理和操作方法，学习采用Y361型摆锤式单纱强力试验机测定单根纱线的断裂强力和伸长率。二、& &&&实验仪器与用具
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Y361型单纱强力机结构如图28—1所示。三、& &&&试样纱线一种。四、& &&&实验方法与程序1.将读数指针校正到“0”位，并用制动杆扣住指针杠杆校正伸长尺的“0”线，使其与上夹头的伸长指示片“0”线重合。2.调整上、下夹头之间的距离，正常试验时为500mm.3.选择下夹头下降速度，以开始拉伸纱线到断裂的时间为file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif，常用速度在300～600mm/min。4.根据纱线特数，按以下规定选定初张力。棉纺、麻纺、丝和绢纺纱线以及化纤长丝的预张力采用file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif或file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif长纱的自重。毛纺纱以及湿试样试验中的预加张力采用file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image008.gif或file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.gif长纱的自重。5.调整重锤（A或B档），使强力读数在刻度尺最大读数的20%～80%范围内。6.试验时从纱管上引出纱线，应注意防止退捻。纱先经上纱夹，然后轻轻引到下纱夹，夹紧上纱夹，在纱的下端加一定初张力，再将下纱夹夹紧。7.按下“升降手柄”，当纱线断裂扣，将“升降手柄”上抬至中间停止档，记录断裂强力和断裂伸长率。然后上抬至上升档，左手轻轻托住强力指针，右手将复位拉链下拉，并用制动杆扣住指针。file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.jpg图28—1&&Y361型单纱强力机1—上纱夹&&2—下纱夹 3—伸长杠杆固定螺丝 4—定距插销&&5—拉杆6—上纱夹固定器&&7—伸长刻度尺8-强力刻度尺 9-指针&&10-指针制动杆11-重锤 12-复位拉链 13-速度调节把手 14-升降手柄 15-图纸轴 16-笔杆17-自停传置 18-挂钩表28-1 棉本色纱断裂强力的温度和回潮率修下系数 回潮率/%& && &&&温度/0C4.04.14.24.34.44.54.64.74.84.95.051.2331.2221.2121.2031.1931.1841.1751.1661.1571.1491.14161.2311.2241.2141.2041.1941.1851.1761.1671.1591.1501.14271.1231.2251.2151.2051.1961.1861.1771.1681.1601.1511.14381.2371.2271.2171.2071.1971.1881.1891.1701.1611.1531.14591.2391.2291.2191.2091.1991.1901.1811.1721.1631.1551.147101.2421.2321.2211.2111.2021.1921.1831.1741.1661.1571.149111.2451.2341.2241.2141.2051.1951.1861.1771.1681.1601.151121.2481.2381.1.2271.2171.2081.1981.1891.1801.1711.1621.154131.2521.2411.2311.52211.2111.2011.1921.1831.1741.1661.157141.2551.2451.2351.2241.2151.2051.1961.1871.1781.1691.161151.2601.2491.2391.2281.2191.2091.2001.1901.1821.1731.164161.2651.2541.2431.2331.2231.2131.2041.1951.1861.1771.168171.2701.2591.2481.2381.2281.2181.2091.1991.1901.1811.173181.2751.2641.2541.2431.2331.2231.2141.2041.1951.1861.177191.2811.2701.2591.2491.2381.2281.2191.2091.2001.1911.182201.2871.2761.2651.2551.2441.2341.2251.2151.2061.1971.188211.2941.2831.2721.2611.2511.3411.2311.2211.2121.2011.194221.3011.2901.2791.2681.2571.2471.2371.2271.2181.2091.200231.3091.2981.2861.2751.2651.2541.2441.2341.2251.2151.206241.3171.3051.2941.2831.2721.2621.2511.2411.2321.2221.213251.3271.141.3021.2911.2801.2701.2591.2491.2391.2301.220261.3351.3231.3111.3001.2891.2781.2671.2571.2471.2371.228271.3441.3321.3201.3091.2981.2871.2761.2661.2561.2461.236281.3551.3421.3301.3181.3071.2961.2851.2751.2641.2541.245291.3651.3531.3411.3281.3171.3061.2951.2841.2741.2631.254301.3771.3641.3511.3391.3281.3161.3051.2941.2841.2731.263311.3891.3761.3631.3511.3391.3271.3161.3051.2941.2831.273321.4011.3881.3751.3621.3501.3391.3271.3161.3051.2941.284331.4141.4011.3881.3751.3631.3511.3391.3271.3161.3051.295341.4281.4151.4011.3881.3751.3631.3511.3401.3281.3171.307351.4431.4291.4151.4021.3891.3771.3641.3531.3411.3301.319
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回潮率/%& && & &&温度/0C10.110.210.310.410.510.610.710.810.911.050.8990.8970.8940.8920.8900.8880.8860.8840.8820.88060.9000.8980.8950.8930.8910.8890.8870.8840.8830.88170.9010.8990.8960.8940.8920.8890.8870.8850.8830.88180.9020.9000.8970.8950.8930.8900.8880.8860.8870.88290.9030.9010.89808960.8940.8920.8890.8870.8850.883100.9040.9020.9000.8970.8950.8930.8910.8890.8870.885110.9060.9040.9010.8990.8960.8940.8920.8900.8880.886120.9080.9050.9030.9010.8980.8960.8940.8920.8900.888130.9100.9070.9050.9020.9000.8980.8960.8940.8920.890140.9120.9090.9070.9040.9020.9000.8980.8960.8940.892150.9140.9110.9090.9060.9040.9020.9000.8980.8960.894160.9160.9140.9120.9090.9070.9040.9020.9000.8980.896170.9190.9170.9140.9120.9100.9070.9050.9030.9010.899180.9220.9190.9170.9150.9120.9100.9080.9060.9040.902190.9250.9220.9200.9180.9150.9130.9110.9090.9070.905200.9280.9260.9230.9210.9180.9160.9140.9120.9100.908210.9320.9290.9270.9240.9220.9190.9170.9150.9130.911file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image017.gif回潮率/%& && &&&温度/0C10.110.210.310.410.510.610.710.810.911.0220.9360.9330.9310.9280.9260.9230.9210.9190.9160.914230.9400.09370.9340.9320.9290.9270.9250.9230.9200.918240.9440.9410.9380.9360.9330.9310.9290.9270.9240.922250.9480.9450.9420.9400.9380.9350.9330.9310.9280.926260.9530.9500.9470.9450.9420.9400.9370.9350.9330.931270.9580.9550.9520.9500.9470.9450.9420.9400.9380.936280.9630.9600.9570.9550.9520.9500.9470.9450.9430.941290.9680.9650.9620.9600.9570.9550.9520.9500.9480.946300.9740.9710.9680.9650.9630.9600.9580.9550.9530.951310.9800.9770.9740.9710.9690.9660.9640.9610.9590.957320.9860.9830.9800.9780.9750.9720.9700.9670.9650.963330.9920.9900.9870.9840.9810.9780.9760.9740.9710.969340.9990.9960.9930.9910.9880.9850.9830.9800.9780.975351.0061.0031.0010.9980.9950.9920.9900.9870.9850.982 回潮率/%& && &&&温度/0C11.111.211.311.411.511.611.711.811.912.050.8780.8760.8740.8730.8710.8700.8680.8670.8650.86460.8790.8770.8750.8740.8720.8700.8690.8670.8660.86470.8800.8780.8760.8740.8730.8710.8690.8680.8670.86580.8810.8790.8770.8750.8740.8720.8700.8690.8670.86690.8820.8800.8780.8760.8750.8730.8710.8700.8680.867100.8830.8810.8790.8770.8760.8740.8720.8710.8700.868110.8840.8820.8800.8790.8770.8750.8740.8720.8710.870120.8860.8840.8820.8800.8790.8770.8760.8740.8730.871130.8880.8860.8840.8820.8810.8790.8770.8760.8750.873140.8900.8880.8860.8840.8830.8810.8790.8780.8760.875150.8920.8900.8880.8860.8850.8830.8810.8800.8780.877160.8940.8920.8900.8880.8870.8850.8840.8820.8800.879170.8970.8950.8930.8910.8890.8880.8860.8840.8830.881180.9000.8980.8960.8940.8920.8910.8890.8870.8860.884190.9030.9010.8990.8970.8950.8940.8920.8900.8890.887200.9060.9040.9020.9000.8980.8970.8950.8930.8920.890210.9090.9070.9050.9030.9020.9000.8980.8960.8950.893220.9120.9100.9080.9060.9050.9030.9010.9000.8980.897230.9160.9140.9120.9100.9090.9070.9050.9040.9020.901240.9200.9180.9160.9140.9130.9110.9090.9080.9060.904250.9240.9220.9200.9190.9170.9150.9130.9120.9100.908260.9290.9260.9240.9230.9210.9190.9170.9160.9140.912270.9340.9310.9290.9280.9260.9240.9220.9200.9190.917280.9390.9360.9340.9320.9310.9290.9270.9250.9240.922290.9440.9410.9390.9370.9360.9340.9320.9300.9290.927300.9490.9460.9440.9420.9410.9390.9370.9350.9340.932310.9550.9520.9500.9480.9460.9440.9420.9410.9390.938320.9610.9580.9560.9540.9520.9500.9480.9470.9450.943file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image018.gif回潮率/%& && &&&温度/0C11.111.211.311.411.511.611.711.811.912.0330.9670.9640.9620.9600.9580.9560.9540.9530.9510.949340.9730.9710.9690.9670.9650.9620.9600.9590.9570.955350.9800.9780.9750.9730.9710.9690.9670.9650.9640.962 回潮率/%& && &&&温度/0C12.112.212.312.412.512.612.712.812.913.050.8620.8610.8600.8590.8580.8560.8550.8510.8530.85260.8630.8620.8610.8590.8580.8570.8560.8550.8540.85370.8640.8620.8610.8600.8590.8580.8570.8560.8550.85480.8650.8630.8620.8610.8600.8590.8580.8570.8560.85590.8660.8640.8630.8620.8610.8600.8590.8580.8570.856100.8670.8650.8640.8630.8620.8610.8600.8590.8580.857110.8680.8670.8660.0650.8630.8620.8610.8600.8590.858120.8700.8690.8670.8660.8650.8640.8630.8620.8610.860130.8720.8700.8690.8680.8670.8660.8650.8630.8620.861140.8740.8720.8710.8700.8690.8680.8660.8650.8640.863150.8760.8740.8730.8720.8710.8700.8680.8670.8660.865160.8780.8760.8750.8740.8730.8720.8710.8700.8690.868170.8800.8790.8770.87608750.8740.8730.8720.8710.870180.8830.8820.8800.8790.8780.8770.8760.8750.8740.872190.8860.8850.8830.8820.8810.8800.8790.8780.8770.874200.8890.8880.8860.8850.8840.8830.8820.8810.8800.879210.8920.8910.8890.8880.8870.8860.8850.8840.8830.882220.8950.8940.8930.8920.8900.8890.8880.8870.8860.885230.8990.8980.8960.8950.8940.8930.8920.8910.8900.889240.9030.9020.9000.8980.8970.8960.8950.8940.8930.892250.9070.9060.9040.9020.9010.9000.8990.8980.8970.896260.9110.9100.9080.9070.9050.9040.9030.9020.9010.900270.9150.9140.9130.9120.9100.9090.9080.9070.9060.905280.9200.9190.9180.9160.9150.9140.9130.9110.9100.909290.9250.9240.9220.9210.9200.9190.9170.9160.9150.914300.9300.9290.9270.9260.9250.9240.9220.9210.9200.919310.9360.9340.9330.9310.9300.9290.9280.9260.9250.924320.9420.9400.9390.9370.9360.9350.9330.9320.9310.930330.9480.9460.9450.9430.9420.9410.9390.9380.9370.936340.9540.9520.9510.9490.9480.9470.9450.9440.9430.942350.9600.9590.9570.9560.9540.9530.9520.9500.9490.948
回潮率/%& && &&&温度/0C13.113.213.313.413.513.613.713.813.914.050.8520.8510.8500.8490.8490.8480.8480.8470.8460.84660.8520.8510.8510.8500.8490.8490.8480.8480.8470.84770.8530.8520.8520.8510.8500.8500.8490.8480.8480.84780.8540.8530.8520.8520.8510.8500.8500.8490.8490.848file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image019.gif回潮率/%& && &&&温度/0C13.113.213.313.413.513.613.713.813.914.090.8550.8540.8530.8530.8520.8510.8510.8500.8500.849100.8560.8550.8540.8540.8530.8520.8520.8520.8510.850110.8580.8570.8560.8550.8540.8540.8530.8530.8520.852120.8590.8580.8570.8570.8560.8550.8550.8550.8540.853130.8600.8590.8590.8580.8580.8570.8570.8570.8550.855140.8630.8620.8610.8600.8600.8590.8580.8580.8570.857150.8650.8640.8630.8620.8620.8610.8600.8600.8590.859160.8670.8660.8650.8650.8640.8630.8630.8620.8620.861170.8690.8680.8670.8670.8660.8660.8650.8650.8640.863180.8720.8710.8700.8690.8690.8680.8670.8670.8660.866190.8750.8740.8730.8720.8720.8710.8700.8700.8690.869200.8780.8770.8760.8750.8750.8740.8730.8730.8720.872210.8810.8800.8790.8780.8780.8770.8760.8760.8750.875220.8840.8830.8820.8820.8810.8800.8800.8790.8780.878230.8880.8870.8860.8850.8840.8840.8830.8830.8820.882240.8910.8900.8890.8890.8880.8870.8870.8860.8860.885250.8950.8940.8930.8920.8920.8910.8910.8900.8890.889260.8990.8980.8970.8970.8960.8950.8950.8940.8940.893270.9040.9030.9020.9010.9000.9000.8990.8980.8980.897280.9080.9070.9060.9060.9050.9040.9040.9030.9020.902290.8130.9120.9110.9100.9100.9090.9080.9080.9070.907300.9180.9170.9160.9150.9150.9140.9130.9130.9120.912310.9230.9220.9210.9210.9200.9190.9190.9180.9170.917320.9290.9280.9270.9260.9250.9250.9240.9240.9230.922330.9350.9340.9330.9320.9310.9300.9300.9290.9290.928340.9410.9400.9390.9380.9370.9360.9360.9350.9350.934350.9470.9460.9450.9440.9440.9430.9420.9410.9410.940五、& &&&指标计算
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六、& &&&实验报告要求1.记录：试样名称与规格，仪器型号，仪器工作参数，温、湿度，原始数据（列表）。如不在标准温、湿度条件下，应按表28—1进行修正。2.计算：断裂强力，断裂伸长率，强力和伸长的变异系数。七、& &&&思考题1.影响强力试验结果的因素有哪些？为什么？2.试述强力机的基本工作原理。
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实验三十 棉纱线筒子回潮率测试
一、& &&&实验目的与要求通过实验，学习用Y2—1型纱线筒子测湿仪测试棉纱线的回潮率。
二、& &&&实验仪器与用具Y2—1型纱线筒子测湿仪及附件7151型半导体温度计（如图30—1所示）。
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图30—1& &Y2—1型纱线筒子测湿仪及7151型半导体温度计面板1—电源开关&&2—零位调节&&3—线线调节&&4—指示灯&&5—控头插座6—量程开关&&7—温度计量程式选择&&8—温度计满度调节&&9—校验开关10—温度插孔&&11—测湿探头&&12—测湿插头&&13—温度计探险头
三、& &&&试样
棉纱线筒子6只
四、& &&&实验方法与程序
1.将仪器Y2—1型纱线筒子测湿仪（如图30—1所示）放置平稳，接通测湿仪电源，把一节四号电池装入半导体温度计中，检查并校正测湿仪温度计表头指针的机械零位。2.开启测湿仪电源开关1，指示灯4亮。3.调零刻度线（指左边的起始线），将量程开关6拨到“3～11”任意一档，然后旋转“零位调节”旋钮2，使指针与零刻度线重合。4.调红线（指右边的满度线），将量程开关拨到“红线档”，旋动“红线调节”旋钮3，使指针与满度红线重合。5.调零度和调红线要反复调节几次，到指针准确指在零刻度线和红线上为止。调整后，将测湿探头的接线柱12插入测湿仪下方插孔5中。这时，指针应不偏离刻度线。6.将半导体温度计量程开关7拨到“1”档，校验开关9拨到“满”档，旋动调节旋钮8，使指针与满刻度线重合，然后将测温探头的插头13插入半导体温度计右侧的插孔10中，最后将校验开关9拨到“测”档。7.将探头插入棉纱线筒子中，待温度计指针稳定后记录温度读数。温度读数精确到file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif（二舍八入，三七作五）。每只筒子的温度测试一次 ，第一只筒子温度测毕后，则将测温探头插入第二只筒子内。8.回潮率测试。在距筒子外层10mm处插入测湿探险头11（两根指针应沿筒子半径方向），拨动量程开关6，使表头指针在刻度0～1.0之间。如指针在0线左侧，则应将量程开关向右拨动，如在1.0右侧则将量程开关向左拨动。量程开关所指数字为回潮率的整数值，表头指针的读数为回潮率的小数值（读数精确到0.1）,两者相加即为回潮率读数.3%～5%回潮率读数从表头的下层刻度线直接读出。9.每只筒子两端各测试两次.每一次读出回潮率读数后将筒子转动1800再第2次插入、读数。一端测毕后,将筒子翻身,在另一端同样测试两次。每一筒子的正反面共测四点,两端测点连线基本应成十字交叉。10.测试过程中应注意测湿探头不插入筒子时,表头指针应指零刻度线.如不指零刻度即应重新调整”零位调节”和”红线调节”开关,然后进行测量。11.测试完毕,拔去测温探头和测温探头,关闭电源。12.根据温度读数和加潮率读数,分别求出平均值.温度读数平均值t精确到0.5,加潮率读数W平均什精确到0.01%。SHESHIDUfile:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image007.giffile:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image008.gif13.根据温度读数平均值t、回潮率读数平均W'，查棉纱线筒子回潮率温度修正系数表（见表30—1）得出温度修正系数，计算筒子回潮率W。
五、& &&&指标计算
file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image013.gif
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。注意：温度修正表中，根据温度的不同，系数有“正、负”，代入上式时应是代数和。
六、& &&&实验报告要求1．记录：试样名称与规格、仪器型号、环境温湿度、湿度修正系数、原始数据。2．计算：回潮率。
七、& &&&思考题1．Y2—1型纱线测湿仪能否用来测定毛纱、化纤纱线的筒子回潮率？为什么？2．试分析能引起仪器测试误差的原因。
表30-1 棉纱线筒子回潮率温度修正系数表file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image018.gif（W‘为表头读数，t为筒子温度，W为筒子回潮率，W=W‘+修正系数）&&t/0C &&W’/%7.07.58.08.59.09.510.010.511.011.512.012.53.51.051.020.980.950.910.870.840.800.760.720.680.644.01.030.990.960.920.890.850.820.780.740.700.670.634.51.000.970.940.900.870.830.800.760.720.690.650.615.00.980.950.910.880.840.810.780.740.710.670.630.605.50.950.920.890.850.820.790.760.720.690.650.620.586.00.930.900.870.830.800.770.740.700.670.640.600.576.50.900.870.840.810.780.750.720.690.650.620.580.557.00.880.850.820.790.760.730.700.670.640.600.570.547.50.850.820.800.770.740.710.680.650.620.590.560.538.00.920.80.0770.750.720.690.660.630.600.570.540.518.50.800.780.820.720.690.670.640.610.580.550.520.509.00.770.750.720.700.670.650.620.590.570.540.510.489.50.750.730.700.680.650.630.600.570.550.520.490.4710.00.720.700.680.650.630.610.580.560.530.500.480.4510.50.700.680.660.630.610.590.560.540.510.490.460.4411.00.680.650.630.610.590.560.540.520.500.470.450.4211.50.650.630.610.580.570.5400.520.500.480.450.430.4112.00.630.610.590.560.540.520.500.480.460.440.420.39
file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image019.gif&&t/0C &&W’/%13.013.514.014.515.015.516.016.517.017.518.018.53.50.600.560.520.480.440.400.350.300.270.220.180.144.00.590.550.510.470.430.390.350.300.260.220.180.134.50.570.540.500.460.420.380.340.300.260.210.170.135.00.560.52.0490.450.410.370.330.390.250.210.170.135.50.550.510.470.440.400.360.320.280.240.200.170.12file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image020.giffile:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image021.giffile:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image021.gif&&t/0C &&W’/%13.013.514.014.515.015.516.016.517.017.518.018.56.00.530.500.460.430.390.350.310.280.240.200.160.126.50.520.480.450.420.380.340.310.270.230.290.160.127.00.510.470.440.400.370.330.300.260.230.190.150.127.50.490.460.430.390.360.320.290.260.220.190.150.118.00.480.450.420.380.350.310.280.250.220.180.150.118.50.470.430.400.370.340.310.280.240.210.180.140.119.00.450.420.390.360.330.300.270.240.200.170.140.109.50.440.410.380.350.320.290.260.230.200.170.130.1010.00.420.400.370.340.310.280.250.220.190.160.130.1010.50.410.380.360.330.300.270.240.220.190.160.130.0911.00.400.370.350.320.290.270.240.210.180.150.120.0911.50.380.360.330.310.280.260.230.200.180.150.120.0912.00.370.350.320.300.270.250.220.200.170.140.120.09 file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image022.gif&&t/0C &&W’/%19.019.520.020.521.021.522.022.523.023.524.024.53.50.090.040-0.05-0.10-0.15-0.21-0.26-0.31-0.37-0.42-0.474.00.090.040-0.05-0.10-0.15-0.20-0.25-0.31-0.36-0.41-0.474.50.090.040-0.05-0.10-0.15-0.20-0.25-0.30-0.35-0.40-0.465.00.090.040-0.05-0.10-0.15-0.20-0.24-0.29-0.34-0.40-0.455.50.080.040-0.05-0.19-0.14-0.19-0.24-0.29-0.34-0.39-0.446.00.080.040-0.05-0.09-0.14-0.19-0.24-0.28-0.33-0.38-0.436.50.080.040-0.05-0.09-0.14-0.18-0.23-0.28-0.32-0.37-0.427.00.080.040-0.04-0.09-0.13-0.18-0.23-0.27-0.32-0.37-0.417.50.070.040-0.04-0.09-0.13-0.18-0.22-0.27-0.31-0.36-0.408.00.070.040-0.04-0.09-0.13-0.17-0.22-0.26-0.30-0.35-0.408.50.070.040-0.04-0.08-0.13-0.17-0.21-0.25-0.30-0.34-0.399.00.070.030-0.04-0.08-0.12-0.16-0.21-0.25-0.29-0.33-0.389.50.070.030-0.04-0.08-0.12-0.16-0.20-0.24-0.28-0.32-0.3710.00.070.030-0.04-.08-0.12-0.16-0.20-0.23-0.27-0.32-0.3610.50.060.030-0.04-0.08-0.11-0.15-0.19-0.23-0.27-0.31-0.3511.00.060.030-0.04-0.07-0.11-0.15-0.19-0.22-0.26-0.31-0.3411.50.060.030-0.04-0.07-0.10-0.14-0.18-0.22-0.26-0.30-0.3312.00.060.030-0.04-0.07-0.10-0.14-0.18-0.21-0.25-0.29-0.32 file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image023.gif&&t/0C &&W’/%25.025.526.026.527.027.528.028.529.029.530.03.5-0.53-0.58-0.64-0.70-0.75-0.81-0.87-0.92-0.98-0.04-0.104.0-0.52-0.57-0.63-0.68-0.74-079-0.85-0.91-0.96-0.02-0.084.5-0.51-0.56-0.62-0.67-0.72-078-0.84-0.89-0.95-0.00-0.065.0-0.50-0.55-0.60-0.66-0.71-0.76-0.82-0.87-0.93-0.98-0.045.5-0.49-0.54-0.59-0.65-0.70-0.75-0.80-0.85-0.91-0.96-0.026.0-0.48-0.53-0.58-0.64-0.68-0.74-0.79-0.84-0.89-0.95-0.006.5-0.47-0.52-0.57-0.63-0.67-0.72-0.77-0.82-0.88-0.93-0.98file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image024.gif7.0-0.46-0.51-0.56-0.62-0.66-0.71-0.76-0.81-0.86-0.91-0.96file:///C:/Users/macuiyu/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image025.gif&&t/0C &&W’/%25.025.526.026.527.027.528.028.529.029.530.07.5-0.45-0.50-0.55-0.61-0.64-0.69-0.74-0.79-0.84-0.89-0.948.0-0.44-0.49-0.53-0.59-0.63-0.68-0.73-0.77-0.82-0.87-0.928.5-0.43-0.48-0.52-0.58-0.62-0.66-0.71-0.76-0.81-0.86-0.909.0-0.42-0.47-0.51-0.57-0.61-0.65-0.69-0.74-0.79-0.84-0.889.5-0.41-0.46-0.50-0.55-059-0.63-0.68-0.72-0.77-0.82-0.8610.0-0.40-0.45-0.49-0.54-0.57-0.62-0.66-0.71-0.75-0.80-0.8410.5-0.39-0.43-0.48-0.53-0.56-0.60-0.65-0.69-0.74-0.78-0.8311.0-0.38-0.42-0.46-0.51-0.55-0.59-0.63-0.68-0.72-0.76-0.8011.5-0.37-0.41-0.45-0.49-0.53-0.57-0.62-0.66-0.70-0.74-0.7912.0-0.36-0.40-0.44-0.48-052-0.56-0.60-0.64-0.68-0.73-0.77注60支及以上查表后再加0.2,双股纱线查表再减0.2,特种纱线另定。
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实验三十一 纱线毛羽测试一、& &&&实验目的与要求通过实验，应用纱线毛羽仪测试显示在纱线表面指定长度上的毛羽量，掌握测试纱线毛羽的方法和对试验结果的计算与分析。二、& &&&实验仪器与用具YG171型纱线毛羽测试仪结构如图31—1所示。
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图31—1 YG171型纱线毛羽测试仪1—纱管座&&2—绕纱管&&3—导纱轮&&4—螺旋张力器&&5—定位轮A&&6—投影屏&&7—纱盘夹&&8—绕纱器9—次数显示&&10—毛羽数显示&&11—长度预置&&12—次数预置&&13—测试速度按钮&&14—观察速度按钮15—电源开关&&16—投影开关&&17—打印按钮&&18—电动机按钮&&19—测量按钮&&20—校：按钮21—测：按钮&&22—弹簧张力器&&23—定位轮B&&24—检测头&&25—毛羽长度旋钮三、& &&&试样管纱一种。四、& & 实验方法与程序（一）实验条件和测试参数试样一般要求在标准温湿度条件下进行，为此将被测试的纱线在标准温湿度条件下暴露18h。通常，每个品种纱线取12个管纱，每管测试10次，每次测试长度（纱线片段长度）为10m。各种纱线测试速度一般规定为30m/min。毛羽设定长度可参照表31—1，按不同品种的纱线选定。
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表31—1&&各种纱线毛羽设定长度纱&&线&&种&&类棉纱线及棉&&型混纺纱线毛纱线及毛&&型混纺纱线中长纤&&维纱线苎麻&&纱线亚麻&&纱线绢纺&&纱线毛羽设定&&长度/mm232422（二）仪器预热及校验1.接通电源前，电源开关和投影开关应处在断电位置。2.连接打印机。3.接通220V电源，揿电源开关，指示灯亮，使仪器预热10min。4.揿“校”按钮。5.揿测量按钮，显示毛羽的标准为“400”，表示仪器正常。（三）测试程序1.揿“测”按钮，使仪器处于测试状态。2.调节毛羽长度旋钮，确定被测纱线毛羽长度。3.揿长度预置，选定纱线测试片段长度。4.揿次数预置，选定试验次数。5.测试速度按钮，选定测试速度。6.揿打印机按钮，接通打印机电源。7.将被测管纱，插在管纱座上。8.从管纱中引出纱线，通过导纱轮，经螺旋张力器并绕一周，纱线由定位轮A和定位轮B定位。此时纱线需通过检测头中的支撑板，再经弹簧张力器，将纱线固定在绕纱器中的纱盘夹上。9.电动机开关，绕纱器运转。10.揿测量按钮，进行测试。11.测试完毕，自动停机。12.取第二只管纱，重复第7、8、9、10、11项内容，依次测完全部管纱。(四）&&观察毛羽形状1.完成测试程序内容后，揿观察按钮。2.揿投影开关，即可在投影屏上观察纱线及其表面毛羽放大后的形状。注意事项：1.装纱时，先拉去管纱上表层纱，使纱线表面的毛羽维持原有状态。2.纱线经弹簧张力器22时，必须绕一圈，以保持一定张力。3.纱线必须定位，并通过检测器中的支撑板，以保证试验数据的正确性。4.须经常清除检测器中的灰尘和杂物。五、& &&&指标计算利用纱线毛羽测试仪附有的打印机，可将测试结果自动打印出。打印的结果有：每次毛羽指数、总次数、总毛羽量、平均毛羽指数、标准差及标准差变异系数。六、实验报告要求记录：试样名称与规格、仪器型号及各项指标值。七、思考题1．测试纱线毛羽有何实际意义？2．试述毛羽对产品风格有何影响？
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