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Cocos2d-X开发学习笔记（31）
&本系列学习教程使用的是cocos2d-x-2.1.4（最新版为3.0alpha0-pre） ，PC开发环境Windows7，C++开发环境VS2010
&我们今天要学习到的基本动作有跳跃动作、贝塞尔曲线动作、淡入淡出动作、闪烁动作、色值渐变动作。
一、跳跃动作
1、首先看CCJumpTo和CCJumpBy的使用。
&1& CCJumpTo::create(float duration,const CCPoint& position,float height,int jumps)
作用：创建一个跳跃的动作。
参数1：跳跃到目标位置所需的时间（秒）。
参数2：目标位置。
参数3：跳的高度。
参数4：跳到目标点所需跳的次数。
&2& CCJumpBy::create(float duration,const CCPoint& position,float height,int jumps)
作用：创建一个跳跃的动作。
参数1：跳跃到目标位置所需的时间（秒）。
参数2：目标位置。
参数3：跳的高度。
参数4：跳到目标点所需跳的次数。
CCJumpBy支持reverse()函数，可以获取其反向动作。
&2、示例代码如下所示。
首先新建Cocos2D-X项目，然后在HelloWorldScene.cpp文件的init函数中添加如下代码。
bool HelloWorld::init()
bool bRet =
CC_BREAK_IF(! CCLayer::init());
//获得尺寸大小
CCSize s = CCDirector::sharedDirector()-&getWinSize();
//创建精灵
CCSprite* m_grossini = CCSprite::create(&grossini.png&);
CCSprite* m_tamara = CCSprite::create(&grossinis_sister1.png&);
CCSprite* m_kathia = CCSprite::create(&grossinis_sister2.png&);
//创建跳跃的动作
CCActionInterval*
actionTo = CCJumpTo::create(2, ccp(300,300), 50, 4);
CCActionInterval*
actionBy = CCJumpBy::create(2, ccp(300,0), 50, 4);
CCActionInterval*
actionUp = CCJumpBy::create(2, ccp(0,0), 80, 4);
CCActionInterval*
actionByBack = actionBy-&reverse();
//为精灵执行动作
m_tamara-&runAction( actionTo);
m_grossini-&runAction( CCSequence::create(actionBy, actionByBack, NULL));
m_kathia-&runAction( CCRepeatForever::create(actionUp));CCActionInterval*
actionTo = CCJumpTo::create(2, ccp(300,300), 50, 4);
} while (0);
3、跳跃示例效果图。
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
二、贝塞尔曲线动作
1、首先看CCBezierTo和CCBezierBy的使用。
&1& CCBezierTo::create(float t,const ccBezierConfig & c)
作用：创建一个贝塞尔曲线运动的动作。
参数1：贝塞尔曲线运动所需的时间（秒）。
参数2：ccBezierConfig结构体。
ccBezierConfig结构体如下：
typedef struct _ccBezierConfig {
&&&&&&&&CCPoint endP
&&&&&&&&CCPoint controlPoint_1;
&&&&&&&&&&&& CCPoint controlPoint_2;
} ccBezierConfig
其中，各参数的含义如下。
①&endPosition：结束点。
②&controlPoint_1：控制点1。
③ controlPoint_2：控制点2。
&2& CCBezierBy::create(float t,const ccBezierConfig & c)
作用：创建一个贝塞尔曲线运动的动作。
参数1：贝塞尔曲线运动所需的时间（秒）。
参数2：ccBezierConfig结构体。
CCBezierBy支持reverse()函数，可以获取其反向动作。
&2、示例代码如下所示。
首先新建Cocos2D-X项目，然后在HelloWorldScene.cpp文件的init函数中添加如下代码。
bool HelloWorld::init()
bool bRet =
CC_BREAK_IF(! CCLayer::init());
//获得尺寸大小
CCSize s = CCDirector::sharedDirector()-&getWinSize();
//创建精灵
CCSprite* m_grossini = CCSprite::create(&grossini.png&);
CCSprite* m_tamara = CCSprite::create(&grossinis_sister1.png&);
CCSprite* m_kathia = CCSprite::create(&grossinis_sister2.png&);
//设置精灵的位置
m_grossini-&setPosition(ccp(s.width/2, s.height/2));
m_tamara-&setPosition(ccp(80,160));
m_kathia-&setPosition(ccp(400,160));
//添加精灵到图层
addChild(m_grossini, 1);
addChild(m_tamara, 2);
addChild(m_kathia, 3);
//bezier结构体
bezier.controlPoint_1 = ccp(0, s.height/2);
bezier.controlPoint_2 = ccp(300, -s.height/2);
bezier.endPosition = ccp(300,100);
CCActionInterval*
bezierForward = CCBezierBy::create(3, bezier);
CCActionInterval*
bezierBack = bezierForward-&reverse();
rep = CCRepeatForever::create(CCSequence::create( bezierForward, bezierBack, NULL));
//bezier2结构体
ccBezierConfig bezier2;
bezier2.controlPoint_1 = ccp(100, s.height/2);
bezier2.controlPoint_2 = ccp(200, -s.height/2);
bezier2.endPosition = ccp(240,160);
CCActionInterval*
bezierTo1 = CCBezierTo::create(2, bezier2);
CCActionInterval*
bezierTo2 = CCBezierTo::create(2, bezier2);
m_grossini-&runAction(rep);
m_tamara-&runAction(bezierTo1);
m_kathia-&runAction(bezierTo2);
} while (0);
&3、贝塞尔曲线示例效果图。
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
三、淡入淡出动作
1、首先看CCFadeIn和CCFadeOut的使用。
&1& CCFadeIn::create(float d)
作用：创建一个渐变出现的动作。
参数：渐变所需的时间（秒）。
&2& CCFadeOut::create(float d)
作用：创建一个渐变消失的动作。
参数：渐变所需的时间（秒）。
2、示例代码如下所示。
首先新建Cocos2D-X项目，然后在HelloWorldScene.cpp文件的init函数中添加如下代码。
bool HelloWorld::init()
bool bRet =
CC_BREAK_IF(! CCLayer::init());
//获得尺寸大小
CCSize s = CCDirector::sharedDirector()-&getWinSize();
//创建精灵
CCSprite* m_tamara = CCSprite::create(&grossinis_sister1.png&);
CCSprite* m_kathia = CCSprite::create(&grossinis_sister2.png&);
//设置精灵的位置
m_kathia-&setPosition( ccp(s.width/3, s.height/2));
m_tamara-&setPosition( ccp(2*s.width/3, s.height/2));
//添加精灵到图层
addChild(m_tamara, 2);
addChild(m_kathia, 3);
m_tamara-&setOpacity( 0 );
CCActionInterval*
action1 = CCFadeIn::create(1.0f);
CCActionInterval*
action1Back = action1-&reverse();
CCActionInterval*
action2 = CCFadeOut::create(1.0f);
CCActionInterval*
action2Back = action2-&reverse();
m_tamara-&runAction( CCSequence::create( action1, action1Back, NULL));
m_kathia-&runAction( CCSequence::create( action2, action2Back, NULL));
} while (0);
&3、淡入淡出的示例效果图。
&&&&&&&&&&&
四、闪烁动作
1、首先看CCBlink的使用。
&1& CCBlink::create(float duration,unsigned int uBlinks)
作用：创建一个闪烁的动作。
参数1：闪烁完成所需的时间（秒）。
参数2：闪烁的次数。
2、示例代码如下所示。
首先新建Cocos2D-X项目，然后在HelloWorldScene.cpp文件的init函数中添加如下代码。
bool HelloWorld::init()
bool bRet =
CC_BREAK_IF(! CCLayer::init());
//获得尺寸大小
CCSize s = CCDirector::sharedDirector()-&getWinSize();
//创建精灵
CCSprite* m_tamara = CCSprite::create(&grossinis_sister1.png&);
CCSprite* m_kathia = CCSprite::create(&grossinis_sister2.png&);
//设置精灵的位置
m_kathia-&setPosition( ccp(s.width/3, s.height/2));
m_tamara-&setPosition( ccp(2*s.width/3, s.height/2));
//添加精灵到图层
addChild(m_tamara, 2);
addChild(m_kathia, 3);
CCActionInterval*
action1 = CCBlink::create(2, 10);
CCActionInterval*
action2 = CCBlink::create(2, 5);
m_tamara-&runAction( action1);
m_kathia-&runAction(action2);
} while (0);
&3、闪烁的示例效果图。
五、色值渐变动作
1、首先看CCTintTo和CCTintBy的使用。
&1& CCTintTo::create(float duration,GLubyte red,GLubyte green,GLubyte bule)
作用：创建一个色彩变化的动作。
参数1：色彩变化所需的时间（秒）。
参数2：红色分量。
参数3：绿色分量。
参数4：蓝色分量。
&2& CCTintBy::create(float duration,GLubyte red,GLubyte green,GLubyte bule)
作用：创建一个色彩变化的动作。
参数1：色彩变化所需的时间（秒）。
参数2：红色分量。
参数3：绿色分量。
参数4：蓝色分量。
CCTintBy支持reverse()函数，可以获取其反向动作。
2、示例代码如下所示。
首先新建Cocos2D-X项目，然后在HelloWorldScene.cpp文件的init函数中添加如下代码。
bool HelloWorld::init()
bool bRet =
CC_BREAK_IF(! CCLayer::init());
//获得尺寸大小
CCSize s = CCDirector::sharedDirector()-&getWinSize();
//创建精灵
CCSprite* m_tamara = CCSprite::create(&grossinis_sister1.png&);
CCSprite* m_kathia = CCSprite::create(&grossinis_sister2.png&);
//设置精灵的位置
m_kathia-&setPosition( ccp(s.width/3, s.height/2));
m_tamara-&setPosition( ccp(2*s.width/3, s.height/2));
//添加精灵到图层
addChild(m_tamara, 2);
addChild(m_kathia, 3);
CCActionInterval*
action1 = CCTintTo::create(2, 255, 0, 255);
CCActionInterval*
action2 = CCTintBy::create(2, -127, -255, -127);
CCActionInterval*
action2Back = action2-&reverse();
m_tamara-&runAction( action1);
m_kathia-&runAction( CCSequence::create( action2, action2Back, NULL));
} while (0);
&3、色值渐变的示例效果图。
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
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The aviation industry supports trade, employment and economic growth. In 2016, airlines and their customers are forecast to generate $118 billion in tax revenues. That’s the equivalent of 45% of the industry’s GVA (Gross Value Added, which is the firm-level equivalent to GDP), paid to governments. Unwarranted or excessive taxation on international air transport has a negative impact on economic and social development. 
Our roleIATA, in conjunction with its industry partners, is committed to ensuring that airlines are subject to fair and efficient taxation measures with respect to their operations, regardless of location.
IATA works with the airline industry to ensure that government authorities worldwide honor and adhere to the , the , and the  taxation principles.
In this regard, IATA is actively involved in a range of activities including:
Ensuring that new and existing taxation measures (be they direct or indirect) are fairly applied and adequately consider the economic and Lobbying against measures that resul andAdvocating against taxation measures that unjustly target the industry, where the resulting tax revenues are not reinvested in air transport related services and infrastructure. 
Happening now in Montreal! During September-October 2016, we are presenting a 
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IATA on taxationVarious forms of taxation impact the success and growth of the aviation industry. The demand for air travel is highly sensitive to
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(pdf) Recent developments in taxation Increase in the passenger movement charge in Australia The Australian Government recently announce a proposal to increase the Passenger Movement Charge (PMC) from AUD 55 to AUD 60 per departing international passenger. This proposal not only contradicts ICAO and international standards on taxation, but more broadly, will have a negative impact on Australian economy.  IATA submitted a that opposes the increase and has called for a full review of the rationale of the PMC with a view to its abolition.Download of the removal of the passenger movement charge.
Air Transportation Tax, Norway The Norwegian Government recently announced that it was planning on introducing an air transportation tax equivalent to NOK 80 on departing passengers on both domestic and international flights effective 1 April 2016.  Further, we understand that this tax is to be subject to Norwegian VAT at a rate of 10% for domestic flights. 
This tax directly contradicts ICAO taxation policies and will have a detrimental impact on the Norwegian economy if implemented.  In December 2015, IATA submitted a
(pdf) challenging the imposition of the air transportation tax and calling for its repeal.Further to our submission in December 2015, IATA submitted the
 (pdf) and
 (pdf) in relation to the Norwegian Government’s Consultation Paper on the Air Passenger Tax in February 2016.  IATA continues to strongly oppose and challenge this tax on economic and tax policy grounds and requests that the tax be withdrawn.In a recent development IATA and other European Aviation associations have sent the (pdf) to the Norwegian government expressing their continued strong opposition to the proposed passenger tax.VAT, The BahamasLevying VAT at 7.5% on passenger charges and fees related to international transport. 
This treatment directly contradicts ICAO taxation policies on international air transport and the standard VAT treatment of exports.In June 2015, IATA submitted a letter to the Bahamian Ministry of Finance
 (pdf) on the various charges and fees. We are working closely with other industry associations (e.g. ALTA, National Airlines Council of Canada) to attempt to remove the VAT on the passenger charges and fees. VAT, BangladeshThe Civil Aviation Authority Bangladesh and the National Board of Revenue is contemplating the levying of VAT on various aeronautical and non-aeronautical charges with retroactive effect dating back to FY2009-10.  This treatment directly contradicts ICAO taxation policies on international air transport.We have been liaising directly with the Bangladesh Government and local industry associations (e.g. BAR-Bangladesh) to
 (pdf) on these charges. Ticket Tax, New ZealandAs part of the recently passed Border Clearance Levy Bill, New Zealand will introduce an arrival and departure fee for international travel beginning 1 January 2016. Such a fee contradicts Policies on Charges for Airports and Air Navigation Services contained in ICAO Document 9082, the Chicago Convention and ICAO taxation policies on international air transport.IATA has been actively involved in the consultation process initiated by the New Zealand Ministry of Primary Industries and the New Zealand Customs Service in relation to the Border Clearance Levy.In June 2015, we submitted a letter as part of the consultation process
 (pdf) on both international regulatory and economic grounds.  Ticket Tax / Special Interest Tax, Kingdom of TongaThe Kingdom of Tonga is levying a departure tax of TOP 100 (approx. USD 50) on international travel from Tonga in order to fund services related to the 2019 Pacific Games.  Such a tax directly contradicts the Chicago Convention and ICAO taxation policies on international air transport.  The resultant average fare increase of 13.4% for a one-way ticket out of Tonga could negatively impact the Tongan tourism industry.IATA has been liaising directly with the Tongan Ministry of Finance and National Planning with respect to the removal of the departure tax.  IATA submitted several formal communications to the Tongan Government in June 2015 outlining the
 (pdf) of standard international principles of airline taxation and the negative economic consequences of the tax. Read more about our taxation policies in our archive of
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