my favourite fruit is/ are.... - 给力英语
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my favourite fruit is/ are....
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This question concerns what is called, technically, concord, or, more generally, agreement. That is, the agreement of subject and verb. So, to take your example (but avoiding fruit for the moment): My favourite animal is the elephant. Here we have concord between the (singular, countable) subject and the verb. We also have agreement between the singular subject and the complement (the elephant). We could equally well say: My favourite animals are elephants. Again concord rules. In the occasional case where the subject is singular and the complement is plural, the verb agrees with the subject, not the complement. So: My favourite meal is baked beans. Not *My favourite meal are baked beans. (The asterisk is the device traditionally used to show a grammatically unacceptable example). This, by the way, explains My favourite food is noodles, noodles being almost always thought of in the plural.However, there is another issue involved, and that is the way we use nouns to talk generically, that is, about classes of things. When we say My favourite animals are elephants, we are talking about elephants as a class, rather than any specific and identifiable elephants (in which case we would say My favourite animals are the elephants – e.g. the ones in the zoo). With countable nouns there are three options when talking generically:An elephant is a mammal.The elephant is a mammal.Elephants are mammals.With uncountable nouns, there is only one option – the “zero article”:Carbon is an element.So far so good. But your example with fruit somewhat complicates things, since fruit has two plural forms: the more common fruit, as in The tree is pretty but its fruit are poisonous. And fruits, as in Mangoes and pineapples are tropical fruits. (The fact that fruit can also be uncountable, as in Fruit is good for you, need not concern us here, since in the context of my favourite fruit we are talking about one fruit among many, and hence making it countable).Taking all this into account, we now need to explain why the following seem acceptable (and, indeed, are acceptable when you try them out on native speakers):1. My favourite fruit are apples2. My favourite fruit is apples.Less likely, but grammatical, are:3. My favourite fruit is the apple.4. My favourite fruits are apples.Example 1 is easily explained, since fruit here is the plural form, and hence the example follows the pattern: My favourite animals are elephants. Example 2 I can only explain as being singular fruit (analogous to My favourite animal…) but that the plural apples is the generic form – a slightly less pompous-sounding way of saying 3. My favourite fruit is the apple. Nevertheless, when questioned about example 2, native speakers feel a bit uncomfortable, recognising it as being somehow deviant, but the best of a bad job. Example 4 might be an attempt to be hypercorrect, with regard to concord, but it is only really likely in cases like My favourite fruits are apples and pears.If example 2 is acceptable (and I think it is), it raises the question: why can’t we say My favourite animal is elephants? The reason is, I think, that it is not unusual to think of apples, generically, in quantities of more than one, but not elephants. In fact, the smaller you get, the more likely it is you would use a plural:3) My favourite fruit is cherries.Compare: My favourite fruit is the cherry4) My favourite vegetable is peas.Compare: My favourite vegetable is the pea. My favourite vegetables are peasThis also accounts for your watermelon and pineapple cases, I think. My favourite fruit is watermelons conjures up images of eating several at one sitting. The uncountable, zero article, generic watermelon gets round the concord problem, and conjures up an acceptable image of tucking into a watermelon without necessarily eating it all. But it doesn’t work for apple: *My favourite fruit is apple. Uncountable apple and countable apple are very different items, in the way that uncountable watermelon and countable watermelon are not.So, as a general rule, I’d say that, when talking generically, the smaller the item, the more likely it is we will pluralise it. (I like cherries). For bigger items, use an uncountable form, if possible. (I like watermelon). If not, let concord rule. (My favourite animals are woolly mammoths).(Author: Scott Thornbury)
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新目标英语七年级上册学案及典型例题1-12单元my favourite fruit( )apples.是IS 还是ARE
is表示种类而不是表示很多个,所以用is.
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文章来源莲山 课件 w ww.5 YK J.COM Units 1-4单元综合检测试题(120分钟& 120分) 第Ⅰ卷（共75分）Ⅰ. （20分）(Ⅰ)录音中有五个句子，听一遍后，选择与之相符的图片。（5分）&1. ________& 2. ________& 3. ________& 4. ________& 5. ________(Ⅱ)录音中有五组对话，听一遍后，选择最佳答案。（5分）6. ―How much for a hot dog?―_________. A. Five yuan &&&&&B. Six yuanC. Seven yuan7. ―What would the man like?―He’d like _________. A. a glass of juice B. a bottle of water C. two cups of coffee8. ―Does the man feel happy today?&―_________. A. Yes, he does &&&&&&B. No, he doesn’tC. He feels happy9. ―What’s the man’s favourite colour?―_________. A. Black &&&B. Blue &&&C. Purple10. ―Does the man like apples or oranges?―_________. A. Oranges &&&&&&&B. ApplesC. He doesn’t like apples or oranges&(Ⅲ)录音中有一段对话及五个问题，听两遍后，选择最佳答案。（5分）11. A. At home. &&&&&&B. At school. C. In a shop. 12. A. Tomatoes. &&&&&&B. Carrots. C. Bananas. 13. A. Six yuan. &&&&&&B. Five yuan. C. Four yuan. 14. A. Apples. &&&&&&B. Oranges. C. Pears. 15. A. No, he can’t. &&&&&B. Yes, he can. C. No, he can. &(Ⅳ)录音中有一篇短文及五个问题，听两遍后， 选择最佳答案。（5分）16. A. China. &&&&&B. Canada. C. England. 17. A. Yes, she does. B. No, she doesn’t. C. No, she is. 18. A. 1. 63 metres. &&&B. 1. 62 metres. C. 1. 53 metres. 19. A. A red coat. &&&&B. A green coat. C. A red skirt. 20. A. Pizza. &&&&&B. Sandwiches. C. Hamburgers. Ⅱ. 单项选择（15分）1. I ________ your friend. We ________& good friends. A. are &&&&&B. are C. is &&&&&&D. are2. ―Are you Miss White?―________. I’m Miss Green. A. Yes, you are&&&&B. No, you aren’tC. Yes, I am&&&& &&&&D. No, I am not3. ―________?―I’m fine, thank you. A. Who are you& &&&&B. How do you doC. Are you fine&&& &&&D. How are you4. ―________ is your bag?―It’s light green. A. What colour& &&&&B. WhereC. Which&&&&&&&&&& &&D. What5. I don’t feel well today. I ________. A. have a stomach ache&& &B. have a stomachC. have stomachs&&&& &&D. have stomach aches6. ―I’m hungry. What about you?―Me, too. I want to eat something. Let’s go to a ________. A. library&&&&&&B. schoolC. restaurant &&&&&D. classroom7. His father buys two ________ shoes for him. A. a pair of&& &&&&B. pairsC. pairs of&&& &&&&D. pair8. Jenny’s eyes are blue and ________ hair is short and blond. A. her&&&B. she& &&C. hers &&&D. his9. ―Your jacket is very nice. ―________. A. No, it’s not nice&&&B. You’re welcomeC. Thanks&&&&&&&&& &&D. Sorry10. ―Do you like your shirt?―________. A. Yes, I am &&&&&B. Yes, I doC. No, I do&&& &&&&D. No, I’m not11. His brother is about 1. 9________. A. metre tall& &&&&B. metres tallC. metre’s tall&&&& &&&D. metres’ tall12. ―________?―Oh, I feel sick. A. What’s the matter &&&B. Are you OKC. Are you sick&&&&& &&D. How tall are you13. I get up early ________ the morning. A. on& &&B. at &&&C. in& &&&D. after14. ―Do you like ________, Danny?―Yes! ________ my favourite clothes!A. It’s& &&&&B. They’reC. It’s&&&&&&& &&D. They’re15. ―How many ________ do you want?―I want nineteen. A. apple&&&&&&B. an apple C. apples &&&&&&D. a apple
Ⅲ. 完形（10分）&&& I have& 1& good friend in my class.& 2& name is Sam.& 3& is from England(英国). He is& 4& China with his parents. He likes China. He likes Chinese food,& 5& . He has breakfast at home. He eats& 6& egg, bread and porridge for breakfast. He doesn’t like milk. He has no time to go home& 7& lunch. So he has it at school. The lunch in our school is delicious. He can have different& 8& of food for lunch. He eats rice, meat and vegetables. Sometimes he& 9& noodles and dumplings. He has supper at home with his parents. Sometimes he goes out& 10& with his friends. He has fish, meat, vegetables and fruits. 1. A. an &&&B. a &&&C. the &&&D. /2. A. He&&&B. Him&&&C. His&&&D. Her3. A. He&&&B. She&&&C. His&&&D. Her4. A. from&&&B. of&&&C. at&&&D. in5. A. too&&&B. also&&&C. either&&D. to6. A. a&&&&B. an&&&C. the&&&D. /7. A. to&&&&&&&&B. of&&&C. for&&&&&&&&D. from8. A. kind&&&&&&&B. kindsC. kindes&&&&&&&D. a kind9. A. has&&&&&&&B. haveC. to has&&&&&&&D. to have10. A. eat&&&&&&&B. to eatingC. for eat&&&&&&&D. to eatⅣ. 理解（30分）(A)&&& My name is David. I live in China now. My mom and dad are in the US. I have long legs and arms. My nose and ears are small. My hair is brown, and my eyes are brown, too. My favourite colour is green. &&& I like Chinese food. My favourite Chinese food is dumplings. Chinese food doesn’t have too much sugar, but it’s very delicious. &&& In China I have many new Chinese friends. I feel happy here. 1. David has ________. A. a big nose&& &&&&B. brown eyesC. short legs&&&&& &&&D. black hair2. Where do David’s parents live?A. In the UK. &&&&&B. In Canada. C. In China.&&&&&&&&&& &&D. In the US. 3. What colour does David like?A. Green. &&&&&&B. Black. C. Brown. &&&&&D. Red. 4. What’s David’s favourite Chinese food?A. Chinese meat. &&&&B. Chinese fruit. C. Dumplings.&&&&&& &&D. Noodles. 5. How does David feel in China?A. Happy.&& &&&&&B. Sad.&&& &C. Tired. &&&&&&D. Hot. (B)&&& It is Sunday afternoon. Mary goes shopping with her mother. Her mother wants to buy some food for supper. Mary wants to buy a new skirt and some school things. They come to a shop. &&& “What does your shop sell?” Mary asks. “A lot of things. ” The girl in the shop says, “You can buy food, drinks, clothes in our shop and school things, too. ”&&& Mary and her mother go in. There are many people in the shop. Mary finds a nice white skirt. “How much is the skirt?” Mary asks the girl in the shop. &&& “It’s eighty yuan. ” “That’s too dear. Can you find a cheap one?”&&& “What about the green one? It looks nice. And it’s only thirty yuan. ”&&& “OK, thanks a lot. ” “You are welcome. ”&&& After that, Mary buys some school things, too. Her mother buys a lot of food, like bread, cakes, meat and fish. They get home very late. 6. Mary goes to do shopping with her mother on ________. A. Saturday afternoon&&&&&B. Saturday morningC. Sunday morning&&&&&D. Sunday afternoon7. Mary wants to buy a new skirt and ________. A. some food&&&&&&&B. some drinksC. clothes&&&&&&&&D. some school things8. The white skirt is ________. A. 30 yuan&&&&&&&&B. 110 yuanC. 80 yuan&&&&&&&&D. 100 yuan9. Mary buys a ________ skirt. A. white&&&B. green&&&C. red&&&D. dear10. Mary’s mom buys a lot of________. A. food&&&&&&&&B. clothesC. school things&&&&&&D. drinks(C)&&& Today is Henry’s birthday. He wants his friends to have lunch with him. Now they are in the KFC. &&&& “What would you like, Kate?” Henry asks. “I’d like two sandwiches and some French fries, ” Kate says. &&&& “What about you, Danny?” Henry asks. “I’m too hungry. I didn’t have breakfast this morning. I would like ten donuts. ” Danny says. “What would you like to drink, Danny?” Kate asks. “Three bottles of coke, please. ” “OK. ” says Kate. “Er. . . ten donuts and three bottles of coke are too much. Then I would like six donuts, ” Danny says. &&&& “What would you like, Henry?” Danny asks. “I’d like a hamburger and a hot dog. Mum says there is a new kind of hamburger with many vegetables, ” Henry says. &&&& “Really? Henry, I would like a hamburger with many vegetables, too, ” Kate says. &&&& “Me, too, ” Danny says. 11. Where do they have lunch?A. At Henry’s house.&&& B. In the KFC. C. In a Chinese restaurant. D. At school. 12. How many people are having lunch in the passage?A. Two. &&&B. Three. &&&C. Four.& &&&D. Five. 13. What would Kate like?A. Two sandwiches, a hamburger and some French fries. B. Two hamburgers, six donuts and three bottles of coke. C. Six donuts, a hamburger and a hot dog. D. Two hamburgers, one sandwich and some French fries. 14. What would Henry like to drink?A. One bottle of coke. &&&B. Three bottles of coke. C. A cup of coffee.& &&&&D. We don’t know. 15. What would Danny like to eat?A. Ten donuts and a sandwich. B. Six donuts and a hot dog. C. Six donuts and a hamburger. D. A hamburger and some French fries. 第Ⅱ卷（共45分）Ⅴ. 任务型（10分）&&& Mr Green is from London. He teaches English in a high school. He can speak a little Chinese. He goes to Chinese classes every evening. And he likes to go to Hong Kong. &&& Mr Green likes China very much. He likes Chinese food and Chinese people. And his students are nice to him. &&& Mr Green has a son and a daughter. His son’s name is John. His daughter’s name is Mary. They go to school in China. They are in the same school, but in different classes. They like their school very much. 1题判断正误(“T”表示正确，“F”表示错误)；2题完成句子；3、4题简略回答问题；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。(&& )1. John and Mary are in different schools. 2. John and Mary are in ________ classes. 3. What does Mr Green like to go?___________________________________________________________________4. What does Mr Green teach in a high school?___________________________________________________________________5. 将文中画线部分翻译成汉语___________________________________________________________________Ⅵ. 词汇运用（10分）&(Ⅰ)根据句意及首字母或图片提示完成单词(5分)1. Take this _________&& , please. You’ll be OK soon. 2. On my birthday, my friend gives me this nice _________ . 3. I want to buy a ________& . Then I can take pictures. 4. Kim is my c_________. We are in the same class. 5. I feel sick today. I have a h_________. &(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式 (5分)6. Look at her_________ (eye). They are green. 7. Mr. Smith _________ (have) a big nose. 8. Danny is hungry. He wants _________ (eat) some bread. 9. Would you like _________ (make) dumplings for lunch?10. I _________ (not have) any food or drinks. Ⅶ. 完成句子（10分）1. 汤姆，这是我的朋友杰克。Tom, _________ _________ my friend Jack. 2. 布莱克夫人今天看上去如此漂亮。Mrs. Black _________ _________ _________ today. 3. 迈克长什么样？_________ _________ Mike look _________?4. 你最好不要吃太多的肉。You _________ _________ _________ _________ too much meat. 5. 李明想要和我一起去便利店。Li Ming _________ _________ _________ to the corner shop _________ me. Ⅷ. 补全对话（5分）从方框中选择最佳选项完成对话，有两项多余&A. How tall is she?&B. How are you?&C. You look happy. &D. Her name is Linda. &E. What about her eyes?&F. What colour does she like?&G. What colour is her hair?A: Hi, Sun Li.& 1&& B: Yes, I’m happy because I have a new friend. She looks different. A: Really? What does she look like?& 2& B: Her hair is red. A:&& 3& B: She has green eyes. A:&& 4& B: She is 1. 7 metres tall. A: Wow, she is very tall! What’s her name?B:&& 5& A: Oh, I know. She is from England. 1.________& 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ Ⅸ. 书面表达（10分）&&& 根据提示，发挥想象力，写一篇短文介绍你的好朋友。&&& 提示：&&& 1. 她是加拿大人，名叫詹妮。&&& 2. 她有一双蓝色的大眼睛，她喜欢穿白色的毛衣和蓝色的裤子。&&& 3. 她最喜欢的颜色是蓝色，汉堡包是她最喜欢的食物。她早餐吃汉堡包和鸡蛋。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案解析Ⅰ. (Ⅰ)1. Mary is a beautiful girl. 2. I’d like some chicken for lunch. 3. Joy has a toothache today. 4. Li Wei has short black hair. 5. These are nice markers. 答案： 1~5. CBDEA(Ⅱ)6. W: How much for a hot dog? M: Six yuan. 7. W: Can I help you?M: Yes, please. I’d like a bottle of water. 8. W: Do you feel happy today?M: Yes, I do. 9. W: Is your favourite colour purple?M: No, it’s blue. 10. W: Do you like apples or oranges?M: Oranges. 答案：1~10. BBABA(Ⅲ) W: Good morning. What can I do for you?M: I want some tomatoes. W: How many tomatoes do you want?M: Six tomatoes. How much are they?W: They are five yuan. M: Here is the money. W: Thank you. What else do you want?M: I want some pears, too. Pears are my favourite fruit. W: Sorry, we don’t have any pears. M: Where can I buy pears?W: You can go to the supermarket across the lane. M: Thank you. Questions: 11. Where are they talking?12. What does the man want?13. How much are the tomatoes?14. What’s the man’s favourite fruit?15. Can the man buy pears here?答案：11~15. CABCA(Ⅳ) Hello. My name is Linda. I am a girl from Canada. I have long red hair. I am thirteen years old. I am 1. 62 metres tall. I often wear a red coat. Skirts are my favourite clothes. Red is my favourite colour. My favourite food is pizza. I don’t like sandwiches. Questions: 16. Where is Linda from?17. Does Linda have short hair?18. How tall is Linda?19. What does she often wear?20. What’s her favourite food?答案：16~20. BBBAAⅡ. 1. 【解析】选A。考查be动词的用法。I后的谓语动词用am，主语为复数we时谓语动词用are。故选A。2. 【解析】选D。考查一般疑问句的简略答语。根据答语“我是Miss Green。”可知，前面应该是否定回答，排除A项与C项。根据交际用语可知，否定回答应是“不，我不是。”故排除B。3. 【解析】选D。考查交际用语。根据答语 “I’m fine, thank you. ”可知上文是问“你好吗？”故选D。4. 【解析】选A。考查特殊疑问词辨析。根据答语 “It’s light green. 它是浅绿色的。”可知上文在询问颜色，用what colour提问。5. 【解析】选A。考查固定短语。表示某部位疼痛常用短语 “have a/an+身体部位+ache”，故选A。6. 【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。library图书馆；school学校；restaurant餐馆；classroom教室。根据句意“我也饿了。我想去吃点东西。让我们去________吧。”可知C选项符合题意。7. 【解析】选C。考查固定短语。句意“他的父亲为他买了两双鞋。”a pair of. . . 意为“一双……”；two pairs of. . . 意为“两双……”，当数量大于一时，pair要用复数形式。故选C。8. 【解析】选A。考查人称代词的用法。句意“詹妮的眼睛是蓝色的，她的头发是短的、金黄色的。”位于名词hair之前，表示“某人的”用形容词性物主代词。故选A。9. 【解析】选C。考查交际用语。当别人对你进行赞美时，你应该表示感谢。故选C。10. 【解析】选B。考查一般疑问句的简略答语。Do you. . . ? 的肯定回答为：Yes, 主语+do. 否定回答为：No, 主语+don’t. 故选B。11. 【解析】选B。考查固定句型。表示某人身高常用句型：sb. is+数词+metre(s)+tall. 当数词大于一时metre用其复数形式metres。故选B。12. 【解析】选A。考查交际用语。根据答句“哦，我感觉不舒服。”可知上文问“你怎么了？”故选A。13. 【解析】选C。in the morning为固定短语，意为“在早上/在上午”。14. 【解析】选B。考查名词复数及代词用法。shorts意为“短裤”，常用复数形式，下文“它们是我最喜爱的衣服！”指上文提到过的短裤，故用复数形式。15. 【解析】选C。考查how many引导的特殊疑问句。句意：你想要多少个苹果？how many后跟可数名词复数形式，意为“多少个……”。故选C。Ⅲ. 1.【解析】选B。此句考查的是冠词的用法。good friend为第一次提到，且good是以辅音音素开头的词，故用a。2.【解析】选C。形容词性物主代词常用于名词之前作定语，且由第四句知Sam为男孩。3.【解析】选A。人称代词的主格在句中作主语。4.【解析】选D。in+地点，表示“在某地”。5.【解析】选A。本句考查too, also, either的用法区别。too, either均可用于句末，too用于肯定句，either用于否定句，而also常用于肯定句的句中，故只有too正确。6.【解析】选B。本句考查的是冠词a与an的区别，因为egg以元音音素开头，故用an。7.【解析】选C。三餐常与介词for连用，为固定搭配，且下文也有提示。8.【解析】选B。different(不同的)常与名词的复数形式连用，为固定结构。9.【解析】选A。have, has除了当“有”讲，还可当“吃”讲，本句的主语“he”为第三人称单数形式，故用has。10.【解析】选D。动词不定式常用在动词（短语）后表示目的。Ⅳ. 1.【解析】选B。根据句子 “My hair is brown, and my eyes are brown, too. ”可知，我的眼睛是棕色的。故选B。2.【解析】选D。根据句子 “My mom and dad are in the US. ”可知“大卫的父母生活在美国。”故选D。3.【解析】选A。由短文第一段最后一句 “My favourite colour is green. ”可知，“我最喜爱的颜色是绿色。”4.【解析】选C。根据句子My favourite Chinese food is dumplings. 可知。5.【解析】选A。根据短文最后一句话可知，大卫在中国过得很开心。6.【解析】选D。根据第一句“It is Sunday afternoon. ”知。7.【解析】选D。根据第一段第四句话“Mary wants to buy a new skirt and some school things. ”可知。8.【解析】选C。根据第三、四段知这件白短裙80元。9.【解析】选B。根据倒数第二、三段知玛丽买了一条绿短裙。10.【解析】选A。根据最后一段中的第二句话“Her mother buys a lot of food, like bread, cakes, meat and fish. ”知。11.【解析】选B。根据短文第一段第三句 “Now they are in the KFC. ”可知，他们在肯德基吃的午饭。12.【解析】选B。文中共提到Henry, Kate, Danny三个人一起吃饭。13.【解析】选A。根据句子 “I’d like two sandwiches and some French fries, ” Kate says和句子 “Really? Henry, I would like a hamburger with many vegetables, too, ” Kate says. 可知A选项符合。14.【解析】选D。通读短文可知，文中没有提到Henry要喝什么，故选D。15. 【解析】选C。根据句子“Then I would like six donuts, ” Danny says. 可知“Danny要六个面包圈”，根据句子“Me, too, ” Danny says. 可知他也要一个汉堡。故选C。Ⅴ. 答案：1. F&& 2. different&& 3. He likes to go to Hong Kong. 4. He teaches English in a high school.&&& 5. 而且他的学生对他非常友好。Ⅵ. 答案：1. medicine&& 2. scarf&& 3. camera&& 4. classmate&& 5. headache6. eyes&&& 7. has&&& 8. to eat&&& 9. to make&&& 10. don’t haveⅦ. 答案：1. this is&& 2. looks so pretty&& 3. W like4. had better not eat&& 5. withⅧ. 答案：1~5. CGEADⅨ. 【参考范文】&&& I have a good friend. Her name is Jenny. She comes from Canada. She has long brown hair. Her eyes are big and blue. How tall is she? I don’t know. She likes to wear a white sweater and blue trousers. I know her favourite colour is blue. The hamburgers are her favourite food. She has hamburgers and eggs for breakfast. She is a good girl. I like her.& 文章来源莲山 课件 w ww.5 YK J.COM
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