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主题 StepOne 系统更新 - 用户通告 pdf
官方公共微信StepOne Software v2.3 version 2.3 by Applied Biosystems - How to uninstall it
&StepOne Software v2.3
A guide to uninstall StepOne Software v2.3 from your computerYou can find on this page details on how to uninstall StepOne Software v2.3 for Windows.&It is made by Applied Biosystems.&More information on Applied Biosystems can be found .&Detailed information about StepOne Software v2.3 can be seen at .&StepOne Software v2.3 is frequently set up in the C:\Applied Biosystems\StepOne Software v2.3 directory, regulated by the user's choice.&You can remove StepOne Software v2.3 by clicking on the Start menu of Windows and pasting the command line C:\Program Files (x86)\InstallShield Installation Information\{0ADF508F-A20D-4B33-9EE2-2F5D9CEFE6EC}\setup.exe. Note that you might receive a notification for administrator rights.&The program's main executable file is named setup.exe and its approximative size is 964.59 KB (987744 bytes).StepOne Software v2.3 is composed of the following executables which take 964.59 KB (987744 bytes) on disk:
setup.exe (964.59 KB)This data is about StepOne Software v2.3 version 2.3 alone.
Some files and registry entries are frequently left behind when you uninstall StepOne Software v2.3.Files remaining:C:\Users\UserName\AppData\Local\Temp\{0FDE-4E98-81A3-EB8B}\LICENSE-StepOne.rtfC:\Users\UserName\AppData\Local\Temp\{2C-4B34-9AA4-147FE2B587A5}\LICENSE-StepOne.rtfC:\Users\UserName\AppData\Local\Temp\{AA4F3A21-AE49-4EBA-910B-42A4B1741E08}\LICENSE-StepOne.rtfC:\Users\UserName\AppData\Local\Temp\{AA9DFBFD-94E3--4B3D62F2AD98}\LICENSE-StepOne.rtfC:\Users\UserName\AppData\Local\Temp\{F06FBB80-E66B-4C1C-98B8-153AAC6412A1}\LICENSE-StepOne.rtfC:\Users\UserName\AppData\Local\Temp\Install_StepOne.logGenerally the following registry data will not be uninstalled:HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Applied Biosystems\StepOne Software v2.3HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\Installer\Products\F805FDA0D02A33B4E92EF2D5C9FE6ECEHKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall\InstallShield_{0ADF508F-A20D-4B33-9EE2-2F5D9CEFE6EC}Additional registry values that you should remove:HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Local Settings\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Shell\MuiCache\D:\Applied Biosystems\StepOne Software v2.3\bin\stepone.exe.FriendlyAppNameHKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Local Settings\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Shell\MuiCache\D:\applied biosystems\stepone software v2.3\jre\bin\javaw.exe.ApplicationCompanyHKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Local Settings\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Shell\MuiCache\D:\applied biosystems\stepone software v2.3\jre\bin\javaw.exe.FriendlyAppNameHKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\Installer\Products\F805FDA0D02A33B4E92EF2D5C9FE6ECE\ProductNameHKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\Bonjour Service\ImagePathHKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\SharedAccess\Parameters\FirewallPolicy\FirewallRules\TCP Query User{123ADAA3-CA05-4D16-8A7A-930E6AD72FC1}D:\applied biosystems\stepone software v2.3\jre\bin\javaw.exeHKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\SharedAccess\Parameters\FirewallPolicy\FirewallRules\TCP Query User{8B1DA243-AFE6-4575-B2CB-EDA}D:\applied biosystems\stepone software v2.3\jre\bin\javaw.exeHKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\SharedAccess\Parameters\FirewallPolicy\FirewallRules\UDP Query User{67BBE33A-A98D--3E6B}D:\applied biosystems\stepone software v2.3\jre\bin\javaw.exeHKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\SharedAccess\Parameters\FirewallPolicy\FirewallRules\UDP Query User{BAE42E5B-B819--EFC}D:\applied biosystems\stepone software v2.3\jre\bin\javaw.exeA way to remove StepOne Software v2.3 from your computer with Advanced Uninstaller PRO
StepOne Software v2.3 is a program by the software company Applied Biosystems.&Some people choose to uninstall it. Sometimes this can be efortful because doing this manually requires some knowledge related to PCs. The best EASY practice to uninstall StepOne Software v2.3 is to use Advanced Uninstaller PRO. Take the following steps on how to do this:
1. If you don't have Advanced Uninstaller PRO already installed on your
system, install it. This is a good step because Advanced Uninstaller PRO is a very useful uninstaller and general tool to maximize the performance of your
computer.visit download the program by clicking on the
DOWNLOAD NOW buttoninstall Advanced Uninstaller PRO2. Start Advanced Uninstaller PRO. It's recommended to take your time to get familiar with the program's design and number of features available. Advanced Uninstaller PRO is a powerful Windows tool.3. Press the General Tools category4. Click on the Uninstall Programs button5. A list of the applications existing on the PC will appear6. Navigate the list of applications until you locate StepOne Software v2.3 or simply click the Search field and type in "StepOne Software v2.3". If it exists on your system the StepOne Software v2.3 program will be found automatically. When you click StepOne Software v2.3 in the list of programs, the following data regarding the application is available to you:Safety rating (in the left lower corner). The star rating tells you the opinion other people have regarding StepOne Software v2.3, ranging from "Highly recommended" to "Very dangerous".Opinions by other people - Press the Read reviews button.Details regarding the application you wish to remove, by clicking on the Properties button.For instance you can see that for StepOne Software v2.3:The software company is: The uninstall string is: C:\Program Files (x86)\InstallShield Installation Information\{0ADF508F-A20D-4B33-9EE2-2F5D9CEFE6EC}\setup.exe7. Click the Uninstall button. A confirmation window will show up. Confirm the removal by clicking the Uninstall button. Advanced Uninstaller PRO will
uninstall StepOne Software v2.3.8. After uninstalling StepOne Software v2.3, Advanced Uninstaller PRO will offer to run an additional cleanup. Press Next to proceed with the cleanup. All the items that belong StepOne Software v2.3 which have been left behind will be found and you will be asked if you want to delete them. By removing StepOne Software v2.3 with Advanced Uninstaller PRO, you are assured that no
registry items, files or directories are left behind on your disk.Your
PC will remain clean, speedy and able to take on new tasks.
Geographical user distribution
Germany16.67%Islamic Republic of Iran16.67%Sweden8.33%United States8.33%Portugal8.33%Egypt8.33%Italy8.33%Taiwan8.33%Brazil8.33%Israel8.33%
Disclaimer
The text above is not a piece of advice to uninstall StepOne Software v2.3 by Applied Biosystems from your computer, we are not saying that StepOne Software v2.3 by Applied Biosystems is not a good software application. This text only contains detailed instructions on how to uninstall StepOne Software v2.3 in case you decide this is what you want to do. Here you can find registry and disk entries that other software left behind and Advanced Uninstaller PRO discovered and classified as "leftovers" on other users' PCs.
/ Written by Dan Armano for副主任医师
本站已经通过实名认证，所有内容由康厚墉大夫本人发表
正常V波阈值是多少？
状态：就诊前
希望提供的帮助：
请问下V波反应阈50spldb还需要做耳朵康复治疗吗？正常V波反应阈值是多少呢？谢谢！
所就诊医院科室：
湖南省儿童医院 康复一科
检查资料：
&副主任医师
还需要做耳声发射等检查。
正常听力阈值大概在30 dB SPL以内。
状态：就诊前
那我想请问下我家孩子双耳V波反应阈为50spldb正常吗？还需要再做康复治疗吗？若是再做康复能恢复到30吗？另我家孩子出生时至半岁对声音反应都相当敏感，并于出生时及三个月时做的听力筛查都是通过的，半岁后对声音反应就差了很多，于在贵院查出孩子有感染巨细胞病毒，巨细胞病毒IgG呈阳性，后做了血CMV-DNA荧光定量<400，属于正常范围。感谢！
&副主任医师
这种情况应该到当地大医院检查治疗，而不是只依靠康复训练。康复训练本身不能提高小孩的听力，但可以改善小孩对言语及声音的敏感度、以及学习说话。
副主任医师
康厚墉大夫通知通知:亲爱的患者朋友你们好：我希望，以后的日子里大家找我的时候，是找我吃喝玩乐，不是找我挂号看病，这说明每一个人，以及您的家人和朋友，都健康，希望有一天，医生是最不容易被想起的人，说明大家都很健康，不需要我，在这里提前祝您和亲人节日快乐！临近圣诞、元旦双节，天气多冷善变，外出旅游多注意防寒保暖！感谢大家对我的信任和支持，祝大家幸福安康平安！节日快乐！
大夫郑重提醒：因不能面诊患者，无法全面了解病情，以上建议仅供参考，具体诊疗请一定到医院在医生指导下进行！
副主任医师
康厚墉大夫通知出停诊:因临时工作安排，于日（周三）上午停诊，因明天上午给留学生上课，停门诊。
大夫郑重提醒：因不能面诊患者，无法全面了解病情，以上建议仅供参考，具体诊疗请一定到医院在医生指导下进行！
疾病名称：做脑干诱发双耳V波反应阈50spldb&&
希望得到的帮助：请问下V波反应阈50spldb还需要做耳朵康复治疗吗？正常V波反应阈值是多少呢？谢谢！
病情描述：于贵院康复科检查脑干诱发结果：短声以120spldb分别刺激左、右耳，双侧波形分化可，双侧I波潜伏期延长，V波反应阈增高（左侧70spldb，右侧75spldb),波形期正常范围。治疗了44次耳聋康复...
疾病名称：听力障碍&&
病情描述（发病时间、主要症状、就诊医院等）：
宝宝3岁，会讲部分话，唱歌，背诗，有的词语发音不准，叫他也能有反应，可以理解家长的话，因为和其他人交流不是很好，11月17日带到云大医院就诊...
疾病名称：听力障碍&&
病情描述（发病时间、主要症状、就诊医院等）：
我家宝宝三个月三次听筛未过
前两天在当地医院做了一个脑干诱发电位
双耳客观听阈重度增高 85db 1 111 波未引出
v波潜伏期延长 孩子其他一切...
疾病名称：做脑干诱发双耳V波反应阈50spldb&&
希望得到的帮助：请问下V波反应阈50spldb还需要做耳朵康复治疗吗？正常V波反应阈值是多少呢？谢谢！
病情描述：于湖南省儿童医院康复科检查脑干诱发结果：短声以120spldb分别刺激左、右耳，双侧波形分化可，双侧I波潜伏期延长，V波反应阈增高（左侧70spldb，右侧75spldb),波形期正常范围。治疗了4...
疾病名称：中度耳聋&&
病情描述（发病时间、主要症状、就诊医院等）：
孩子2岁半 昨天在沈阳医大做检查，检查的项目：刺激部位：双耳 刺激频率：11.1Hz 刺激方式：CIick 记录部位：Fpz 刺激量： 右：100 dBnHL 左：1...
疾病名称：中度弱听&&
病情描述（发病时间、主要症状、就诊医院等）：
孩子2岁半不会说话 昨天在沈阳医大做检查，检查的项目：客观听阈，脑干听觉诱发位。刺激部位：双耳 刺激频率：11.1Hz 刺激方式：CIick 记录部位...
疾病名称：听力筛查未通过&&
检查及化验：出生听力通过，42天未通过，做脑干诱发电位检查1、双耳分别给85dbnhl短生刺激，对侧以白噪声掩蔽，2、左、右耳I、III、V波未分化，建议满6个月复查
治疗情况：因为早产出生后就放到...
疾病名称：听力障碍&&
病情描述（发病时间、主要症状、就诊医院等）：
宝宝出生第3天、42天、65天，3次听力筛查耳声发射双耳均未通过，第105天脑干诱发电位结果：双耳阈值均为60dB，现在不知道该怎么办呢？？
疾病名称：脑干诱发电位是否确诊耳聋&&
病情描述（发病时间、主要症状、就诊医院等）：
新生儿、42天、2个月时分别做听力筛查，均为通过。
4个月时做脑干诱发电位，自然睡眠状态下做的。
刺激速率10HZ，刺激度左右90，刺激性质：...
疾病名称：左耳轻度、右耳中度高频听力损失&&
病情描述（发病时间、主要症状、就诊医院等）：
7个月儿童，肇庆一院查出1）左耳脑干听觉诱发电位异常：反应阈45DBNHL。2）右耳脑干听觉诱发电位异常：波分化差，仅V波可辨，波峰潜伏期延长，反...
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康厚墉大夫的信息
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康厚墉，男，医学博士，副教授、副主任医师，研究生导师，耳鼻咽喉头颈外科专家，国内知名临床听力学专家、...
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耳鼻咽喉头颈外科ANSYS中接触单元参数设置要点
ANSYS中接触单元参数设置要点
一、ANSYS接触单元几个关键选项的含义
The element KEYOPTS allow you to control several aspects of
contact behavior.
·&&&&&&&&
Degrees of freedom (KEYOPT(1))
·&&&&&&&&
·&&&&&&&&
·&&&&&&&&
·&&&&&&&&
·&&&&&&&&
Contact stiffness variation range (KEYOPT(6))
·&&&&&&&&
·&&&&&&&&
·&&&&&&&&
·&&&&&&&&
·&&&&&&&&
·&&&&&&&&
&1、KEYOPT(1)
Selects DOF
&2、KEYOPT(2)
Selecting a Contact Algorithm&
·&&&&&&&&
Penalty method (KEYOPT(2) = 1)
·&&&&&&&&
Augmented Lagrangian (default) (KEYOPT(2) = 0)
·&&&&&&&&
Lagrange multiplier on contact normal and penalty on tangent
(KEYOPT(2) = 3)
·&&&&&&&&
Pure Lagrange multiplier on contact normal and tangent (KEYOPT(2) =
·&&&&&&&&
Internal multipoint constraint (MPC) (KEYOPT(2) = 2)
&&Compared to
the penalty method, the augmented Lagrangian method usually leads
to better conditioning and is less sensitive to the magnitude of
the contact stiffness.
相对罚函数法，扩大拉格朗日法不易引起病态条件，对接触刚度数值敏感性更小。
& Chattering Control
Parameters（跳跃控制参数）
& The Lagrange multiplier methods
(KEYOPT(2) = 3, 4) do not require contact stiffness, FKN and FKT.
Instead they require chattering control parameters, FTOLN and TNOP,
by which ANSYS assumes that the contact status remains unchanged.
FTOLN is the maximum allowable penetration and TNOP is the maximum
allowable tensile contact pressure.
&& The behavior
can be described as follows:
·&&&&&&&&
If the contact status from the previous iteration is open and the
current calculated penetration is smaller than FTOLN, then contact
remains open. Otherwise the contact status switches to closed and
another iteration is processed.
·&&&&&&&&
If the contact status from the previous iteration is closed and the
current calculated contact pressure is positive but smaller than
TNOP, then contact remains closed. If the tensile contact pressure
is larger than TNOP, then the contact status changes from closed to
open and ANSYS continues to the next iteration.
&& The objective
of FTOLN and TNOP is to provide stability to models which exhibit
contact chattering due to changing contact status. If the values
you use for these tolerances are too small, the solution will
require more iterations. However, if the values are too large, the
accuracy of the solution will be affected since a certain amount of
penetration or tensile contact force is allowed.
&&参数FTOLN和TNOP
主要为结构提供稳定性，该类结构一般会因接触状态的改变而呈现出接触跳跃。
4、KEYOPT(4)
&The nodal detection algorithms require
the smoothing of the contact surface (KEYOPT(4) = 1) or the
smoothing of the target surface (KEYOPT(4) = 2), which is quite
time consuming. You should use this option only to deal with
corner, point-surface, or edge-surface contact (see
Figure 3.13: "Contact Detection Point Location at Nodal
Point"). KEYOPT(4) = 1 specifies that the contact normal be
perpendicular to the contact surface. KEYOPT(4) = 2 specifies that
the contact normal be perpendicular to the target surface. Use this
option (KEYOPT(4) = 2) when the target surface is smoother than the
contact surface.
&节点检测算法要求接触面光滑(KEYOPT(4) =
1)或目标面光滑(KEYOPT(4) =
2)，上述要求均造成计算耗时较大。一般用户仅在处理角点、点-面、边-面接触问题时才用到该选项。KEYOPT(4) =
1表明，接触单元方向垂直于接触面表面。KEYOPT(4) =
2表明，接触单元方向垂直于目标面表面。当目标面较接触面光滑时，使用KEYOPT(4) =
CNOF/ICONT Automated adjustment:
No automated adjustment
Close gap with auto CNOF
Reduce penetration with auto
Close gap/reduce penetration with auto
Auto ICONT
&Use real constant CNOF to
specify a contact surface offset.
specifies the positive or negative offset value applied to
the contact surface.
Specify a positive value to offset the entire contact surface
towards the target surface. Use a negative value to offset the
contact surface away from the target surface.ANSYS can
automatically provide the CNOF value to either just close the gap
or reduce initial penetration& Set KEYOPT(5)
defines an initial closure factor (or adjustment
SetKEYOPT(5) =4.Use the real constant ICONT to specify a small
initial contact closure. This is the depth of an "adjustment band"
around the target surface.
Any contact detection points that fall within this adjustment
band are internally shifted to be on the target surface .Only a
very small cor otherwise, severe discontinuity
may occur (see Figure (b)).
& The difference between CNOF and ICONT is that
the former shifts the entire contact surface with the distance
value CNOF, the latter moves all initially open contact points
which are inside of adjustment band ICONT onto the target
&6、KEYOPT(6)
& &Contact
stiffness variation range
&& The default
method of updating normal contact stiffness is suitable for most
applications. However, the variational range of the contact
stiffness may not be wide enough to handle certain contact
situations. In the case of a very small penetration tolerance
(FTOLN), a larger normal contact stiffness is often needed.
Furthermore, to stabilize the initial contact condition and to
prevent rigid body motion, a smaller normal contact stiffness is
默认的法向接触刚度更新方式对于大多数应用来说是合适的。然而，接触刚度的变化范围并不是足够大到处理某些特定问题。在穿透容差非常小的情况下，需要较大的法向接触刚度；而且，为了稳定初始接触状态，并阻止刚体运动，需要较小的法向刚度。
&& The allowed
contact stiffness variation is intended to enhance stiffness
updating when KEYOPT(10) & 0 by calculating an
optimal allowable range in stiffness for use in the updating
shceme. To increase the stiffness variational range, set KEYOPT(6)
= 1 to make a nominal refinement to the allowable stiffness range,
or KEYOPT(6) = 2 to make an aggressive refinement to the allowable
stiffness range.
& 当KEYOPT(10) &
0时，通过刚度更新程序，软件可计算最优容许刚度范围，用来提高刚度更新速度。为了增加刚度变化范围，取KEYOPT(6) =
1可对容许刚度范围进行名义上的细化，取KEYOPT(6) = 2 可对容许刚度范围进行更积极改进。
7、KEYOPT(7)
& Time step control is an automatic time
stepping feature that predicts when the status of a contact element
will change and cuts the current time step back.
& Use KEYOPT(7) to take one of four actions to
control time stepping, where KEYOPT(7) = 0 provides no control (the
default), and KEYOPT(7) = 3 provides the most control.
KEYOPT(7) = 0: No control. The time step size is unaffected by
the prediction. This setting is appropriate for most analyses when
automatic time stepping is activated and a small time step size is
KEYOPT(7) = 1: Time step size is bisected if too much
penetration occurs during an iteration, or if the contact status
changes dramatically.
KEYOPT(7) = 2: Predict a reasonable increment for the next
KEYOPT(7) = 3: Predict a minimal time increment for the next
8、KEYOPT(8)
& Asymmetric contact is defined as having all
contact elements on one surface and all target elements on the
other surface. This is sometimes called "one-pass contact." This is
usually the most efficient way to model surface-to-surface contact.
However, under some circumstances asymmetric contact does not
perform satisfactorily. In such cases, you can designate each
surface to be both a target and a contact surface. You can then
generate two sets of contact pairs between the contacting surfaces
(or j for example, a self-contact case). This
is known as symmetric contact (or "two-pass contact"). Obviously,
symmetric contact is less efficient than asymmetric contact.
However, many analyses will require its use (typically to reduce
penetration). Specific situations that require symmetric contact
include models where
The distinction between the contact and target surfaces is not
Both surfaces have very coarse meshes. The symmetric contact
algorithm enforces the contact constraint conditions at more
surface locations than the asymmetric contact algorithm.
& If the meshes on both surfaces are identical
and sufficiently refined, the symmetric contact algorithm may not
significantly improve performance and may, in fact, be more
"expensive" in CPU time. In such circumstances, pick one surface to
be the target and the other the contact surface.
For a symmetric contact definition, ANSYS may find one side of a
contact surface as closed and the other side of the surface as
closed. In this case, it can be difficult to interpret the results.
The total contact pressure acting on both sides is the average of
the contact pressures on each side of the surface.
Effect of initial penetration or
Include both initial geometrical
penetration or gap and offset
Exclude both initial geometrical
penetration or gap and offset
Include both initial geometrical
penetration or gap and offset, but with ramped effects
Include offset only (exclude
initial geometrical penetration or gap)
Include offset only (exclude
initial geometrical penetration or gap), but with ramped
KEYOPT(9) provides the following
capabilities:
To include initial penetration
from both geometry and contact surface offset, set KEYOPT(9) = 0.
This is the default.
To ignore initial penetration from
both effects, set KEYOPT(9) = 1. When KEYOPT(12) = 4 or 5, this
setting for KEYOPT(9) will also ignore the initial force in
open-gap springs, thus creating an initially "perfect" contacting
surface having no initial forces acting across the contact
interface.
To include the defined contact
surface offset (CNOF) but ignore the initial penetration due to
geometry, set KEYOPT(9) = 3. When KEYOPT(12) = 4 or 5, this setting
for KEYOPT(9) will also ignore the initial force in open-gap
springs, thus creating an initially "perfect" contacting surface
having no initial forces acting across the contact
interface.
&& For problems
such as an interference fit, over-penetration is expected. These
problems often have convergence difficulties if the initial
penetration is step-applied in the first load step. You may
overcome convergence difficulties by ramping the initial
penetration over the first load step, see . The
following KEYOPT(9) settings provide ramped
capabilities:
To ramp the total initial
penetration (CNOF + the offset due to geometry), set KEYOPT(9) =
To ramp the defined contact
surface penetration, but ignore the penetration due to geometry,
set KEYOPT(9) = 4.
For both of the above KEYOPT(9)
settings, you should also set ,0 and not specify any external loads in the
first load step. Also, be sure that the pinball region is big
enough to capture the initial interference.
10、 KEYOPT(10)
&& 接触刚度的更新方式
& 接触法向和切向刚度有5种更新方式，如下：
·&&&&&&&&
KEYOPT(10) = 0, the contact stiffness will be updated at each load
step if FKN or FKT is redefined by the user. Stiffness and other
settings (ICONT, FTOLN, SLTO, PINB, PMAX, and PMIN) are averaged
across contact elements in a contact pair. The default contact
stiffness is determined by underlying element depth and material
properties.
FKN or FKT 在每个荷载步内更新，刚度值和其他数值均为平均值。
·&&&&&&&&
KEYOPT(10) = 1 (covers KEYOPT(10) = 0), the normal contact
stiffness will be updated at every substep based on the mean stress
of the underlying elements from the previous substep and the
allowable penetration, FTOLN, except in the first substep of the
first load step. The default normal contact stiffness for the first
substep of the first load step is the same as described for
KEYOPT(10) = 0. If bisections occur in the beginning of the
analysis, the normal contact stiffness will be reduced by a factor
of 0.2 for each bisection. The tangential contact stiffness will be
updated at each iteration based on the current contact pressure,
MU, and allowable slip (SLTO).
&FKN 在每个子步内更新， FKT
在每次迭代内更新，刚度值和其他数值均为平均值。
·&&&&&&&&
KEYOPT(10) = 2 (covers KEYOPT(10) = 1), the normal contact
stiffness will be updated at each iteration based on the current
mean stress of the underlying elements and the allowable
penetration, FTOLN, except in the very first iteration. The default
normal contact stiffness for the first iteration is the same as
described for KEYOPT(10) = 0. If bisections occur in the beginning
of the analysis, the normal contact stiffness will be reduced by a
factor of 0.2 for each bisection. The tangential contact stiffness
will be updated at each iteration based on the current contact
pressure, MU, and allowable slip (SLTO).
在每次迭代内更新， FKT 在每次迭代内更新，刚度值和其他数值均为平均值。
·&&&&&&&&
KEYOPT(10) = 3, same as KEYOPT(10) = 0, except stiffness and
settings are not averaged across the contact elements in a contact
pair. If bisections occur in the beginning of the analysis, the
normal contact stiffness will be reduced by a factor of 0.2 for
each bisection.
同KEYOPT(10) = 0，只是刚度值和其他数值不为平均值。
·&&&&&&&&
KEYOPT(10) = 4, same as KEYOPT(10) = 1, except stiffness and
settings are not averaged across the contact elements in a contact
&&&&&同KEYOPT(10)
= 1，只是刚度值和其他数值不为平均值。
·&&&&&&&&
KEYOPT(10) = 5, same as KEYOPT(10) = 2, except stiffness and
settings are not averaged across the contact elements in a contact
同KEYOPT(10) =2，只是刚度值和其他数值不为平均值。
In most cases we recommend that you use KEYOPT(10) = 2 to allow the
program to update contact stiffnesses automatically.
一般情况下，建议使用KEYOPT(10) = 2 ，允许程序自动更新接触刚度。
12、Using KEYOPT(12)
&& Use KEYOPT(12) to model
different contact surface behaviors.
KEYOPT(12) = 0 models standard unilateral （单侧的） that is,
normal pressure equals zero if separation occurs.
KEYOPT(12) = 1 models perfectly rough frictional contact where
there is no sliding. This case corresponds to an infinite friction
coefficient and ignores the material property MU.
KEYOPT(12) = 2 models no separation contact, in which the target
and contact surfaces are tied (although sliding is permitted) for
the remainder of the analysis once contact is
established.模拟不分离接触状态，一旦接触已经产生，在后续分析中目标单元和接触单元会粘结在一起，但在切向允许滑移
KEYOPT(12) = 3 models "bonded" contact, in which the target and
contact surfaces are bonded in all directions (once contact is
established) for the remainder of the
analysis.模拟粘结状态，一旦接触产生，在后续分析中接触单元表面将在各个方向均粘结于目标单元。
KEYOPT(12) = 4 models no separation contact, in which contact
detection points that are either initially inside the pinball
region or that once involve contact always attach to the target
surface along the normal direction to the contact surface (sliding
permitted).模拟粘结状态，在该状态中，接触测点或者在初始阶段就位于乒乓区域，或者在分析中间曾经产生过接触，均沿接触单元的法向粘结于目标单元表面，在切向可以滑移。
KEYOPT(12) = 5 models bonded contact, in which contact detection
points that are either initially inside the pinball region or that
once involve contact always attach to the target surface along the
normal and tangent directions to the contact surface (fully
bonded).模拟粘结状态，在该状态中，接触测点或者在初始阶段就位于乒乓区域，或者在分析中间曾经产生过接触，均沿接触单元的法向和切向完全粘结于目标单元表面。
KEYOPT(12) = 6 models bonded contact, in which the contact
detection points that are initially in a closed state will remain
attached to the target surface and the contact detection points
that are initially in an open state will remain open throughout the
analysis.模拟粘结状态，在该状态中，初始位于接触近区的接触测点在后续分析中依然粘结于目标单元表面；初始远离接触近区的接触测点在后续分析中依然脱离目标单元表面。
&& For the no-separation
option (KEYOPT(12) = 4) and the bonded-always option (KEYOPT(12) =
5), a relatively small PINB value (pinball region) may be used to
prevent any false contact. For these KEYOPT(12) settings, the
default for PINB is 0.25 (25% of the contact depth) for small
deformation analysis (,OFF)
and 0.5 (50% of the contact depth) for large deformation analysis
(The default PINB value may differ from what is described here if
CNOF is input. See
for more information.)
&& For the bonded-initial
option (KEYOPT(12) = 6), a relatively large ICONT value (initial
contact closure) may be used to capture the contact. For this
KEYOPT(12) setting, the default for ICONT is 0.05 (5% of the
contact depth) when KEYOPT(5) = 0 or 4.
二、接触单元实常数
define the target element geometry.
defines a normal contact stiffness factor.
is a factor based on the thickness of the element which
is used to calculate allowable penetration.
defines an initial closure factor (or adjustment
defines a "pinball" region.
define an allowable penetration range for initial
penetration.
specifies the maximum contact friction.
specifies the positive or negative offset value applied to
the contact surface.
specifies the stiffness factor applied when contact opens
or the damping coefficient for standard contact.
specifies the tangent contact stiffness factor.
specifies the cohesion sliding resistance.
specifies the thermal contact conductance coefficient.
specifies the fraction of frictional dissipated energy
converted into heat.
specifies the Stefan-Boltzmann constant.
specifies the radiation view factor.
FWGT specifies the weight factor for the distribution of heat
between the contact and target surfaces
specifies the electric contact conductance or capacitance
per unit area.
specifies the fraction of electric dissipated energy
converted into heat.
specifies the ratio of static to dynamic coefficients of
specifies the decay coefficient for static/dynamic
controls maximum sliding distance when MU is nonzero and
the tangent contact stiffness (FKT) is updated at each iteration
(KEYOPT(10) = 2).
specifies the maximum allowable tensile contact
adds a small tolerance that extends the edge of the target
specifies the magnetic contact permeance (3-D only).
& define an allowable penetration
range for initial penetration.
&& Use real constants PMIN and
PMAX to specify an initial allowable penetration range. When either
PMAX or PMIN is specified, ANSYS brings the target surface into a
state of initial contact at the beginning of the analysis 。If the
initial penetration is larger than PMAX, ANSYS adjusts the target
surface to reduce penetration. If the initial penetration is
smaller than PMIN (and within the pinball region), ANSYS adjusts
the target surface to ensure initial contact. Initial adjustment
for contact status is performed only in translational modes.
ANSYS工程结构数值分析p442
接触单元不得穿透目标面，但目标单元可以穿适接触面。对于刚体—柔体接触，目标面总是刚体表面，而接触面总是柔体表面。对于柔体—柔体接触，选择不同的接触面或目标面可能会引起不同的穿透旦，从而影响求解结果，可根据“凸密柔高小为接触面”的原则确定，即：
凸面定义为接触面，平面或凹面为目标面；
较密网络的面定义为接触面，较粗网格的面为目标面；
较柔(软)的面定义为接触面，较刚(硬)的面定义为目标面
高阶单元定义为接触面，低阶单元为目标面；
较小的面定义为接触面，较大的面为目标面。
2）接触性能说明 摘自 ANSYS非线性分析指南 接触分析
&& 更多内容参考：
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