动名词做主语和宾语的用法及练习
动名词（动名词具有动词和名词的特征，在句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语）
与谓语动词的关系
Being done
与谓语动作同时发生
Having doing
Having been done
动作发生在谓语动作之前
谓语用单数。
Climbing mountains is really fun.
Swimming is my favorite sport.
Reading is an art.
Getting up early is a good habit.
例：1.-What do you think made Mary so upset？
-___ her new bicycle.
A.&&& As she
lostB．Lost
C．Losing &&D．Because of
losing
2. 使用形式主语it，而将动名词放在句尾。
& It’s no use doing …&
& It’s no good doing…
& It’s a waste of time doing …
例：It’s no good______ (wait) here.
It’s no use ______(argue) with her.
&&& It’s no
good _______(smoke), you’d better give it up.
&&& It’s a
waste of time _______(wait) here.
No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here)
I enjoy listening to music.
He often practices playing the piano in the evening.
He has given up smoking.
Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
他不喜欢喝酒。
他充分利用时间练习唱歌。
我提议坐我的车去。
你介意我开窗吗？
只能接动名词作宾语的动词：
advise建议，
appreciate，
envy嫉妒，
avoid避免，
consider考虑，
delay延迟，
deny否认，
dislike不喜欢，
escape逃避，
excuse原谅、宽恕，
finish完成，
forgive原谅，
understand理解，
give up放弃，
imagine想象，
keep保持，
mind介意、在乎，
miss未达到，
practice训练，
put off推迟，
resist抵抗，
suggest建议、暗示，
can’t help 禁不住，
can’t stand无法忍受，
devote to致力于···，
look forward to 期望、盼望，
stick to坚持，
be used to习惯于，
object to反对，
be busy忙于···，
feel like想要···，
be surprised at 对……感到惊讶，
be proud of 以……为骄傲，
succeed in 在某方面成功，
be afraid of害怕&
give up 放弃
例: Our monitor suggested _____a discussion of this subject.
A．to have
&&&B．should
C．have &D．Having
只能接不定式作宾语的动词：
happen 碰巧，
offer 主动提出，
promise 答应，
agree 同意，
refuse拒绝，
decide 决定，
determine 决定、决心，
pretend 假装，
fail 未能够，
wish希望，
afford 负担得起。
接动名词、不定式均可，意义相同的动词：like，love，dislike，hate，begin，star，continue，prefer，can’t
bear/endure 无法忍受，cease停止。
注1：v-ing形式表示经常性、概括性的动作，不定式表示具体的、特定的某一次动作。如：
She likes singing, but she doesn’t like to sing today．
注2：在begin, start,
continue后跟v-ing形式和不定式作宾语没有区别，但start，begin本身为进行式或后接realize, wonder,
understand等心理的词时，常用不定式作宾语。如：
I began to realize that I was wrong．
下列单词接动名词和不定式均可，但意义不同的动词：forget，go
on，mean，regret，remember，stop，try等
Stop to do
停下来去做&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
stop doing 停止做
Forget to do
忘记要做&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
forget doing 忘记做过
Remember to do
记得要做&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
remember doing 记得做过
Regret to do
遗憾要做&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
regret doing 后悔做过
企图做，尽力做&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&try
doing 试着做
Go on to do
继续做（另一件事）&&&&&&&&
go on doing 继续做（同一件事）
Mean to do
打算做&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&mean doing 意味做
1. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _______ for
another hour.
waiting&&&&&
waiting&&&&
wait&&&&&&&
D to be waiting
2.—You were brave enough to raise objections at the
meeting.
-Well，now I regret ___that.
&&A．to do B．to be
C．to have
done&&&&&
D．having done
need, require, want作“需要”讲，其后用动名词的主动式表示被动意义，be worth也有类似用法。如：
The flowers need watering/to be watered.
The problem is worth discussing/to be discussed.
permit, allow, forbid, require(要求)doing sth./ sb to do
sth.跟人作宾语后，必须用不定式作补语。例如：
This room won’t allow smoking.在这间屋里不准吸烟。
We do not allow anybody to smoke here.这里不许吸烟。
—What do you think of the book？
-Oh，excellent．It\'s worth ___a second time．
A．to read B．to be read
&&&&&C．readingD．being
动名词的时态和语态
动名词有一般式和完成式。
它的一般式所表示的动作或是与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或是在句中谓语动词动作之后发生；
而它的完成式所表示的动作则一般发生在句中谓语动词动作之前。
例1：While shopping，people sometimes can't help ____ into buying
something they don\'t really need．
A．to persuade &B．persuading
&C．being persuaded &D．be
例2:Tony was very unhappy for ____ to the party．（2000上海）
A．having not been
invited&&&&
&&&&B．not
having invited
C．having not invited
&&&&&&&&&&&&D．not
having been invited
动名词的复合结构
动名词的复合结构在句中作宾语时，名词可用普通格代替所有格，代词可用宾格形式代替形容词性物主代词。eg.
I don’t like you/ your/ Tom / Tom’s being late.但是动名词作主语时，只能用your /
Tom’s being late形式。
例:What worried the child most was ____ to visit his mother in the
hospital．
A．his not allowing
B．his not being allowed
C．his being not allowed
D．having not been allowed
选择最佳选项：
1．＿＿＿＿is a good form of exercise for young and old．
A．The walk
&&&&&&&&&&&&&
B．Walking
C．To walk&&&
D．Walk
2．—You were brave enough to raise objections at the
meeting．
—Well, now I regret ＿＿＿＿ that．
A．to do
&&&&&&&&&&&&&
B．to be doing
&&& C．have done
D．having done
3．I don’t regret ＿＿＿＿＿ even if it might have upset her．
A．to tell her what I
thought&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
B．to have told her that I thought
C．telling what I
thought&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
D．telling her what I thought
4．The library needs ＿＿, but it will have to wait until
A．cleaning
B．to clean
C．clean
&&&&&&&&&&&&&
D．being cleaned
5．I can hardly imagine Peter ＿across the Atlantic Ocean in five
days．
A．sail
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
B．to sail
&&&&&&&&&&&&
C．sailing
&&&&&&&&&&&
D．to have sailed
6．—I must apologize for ＿＿＿＿＿ ahead of time．
—That’s all right．
A．letting you not know
B．not letting you know
C．letting you know not
D．letting not you know
7．—What do you think of the novel﹖ —Oh, it’s really ＿＿＿＿＿．
A．well worth
reading&&&&&&&&
B．very good to read
reading&&&&&&&&&&&&&
D．worth to be read
8．What’s troubling them is ＿＿＿＿＿ enough experienced workers．
A．that they having
no&&&&&&&
B．they not have
C．their not
having&&&&&
D．not their having
9．She likes ＿＿＿＿ but she doesn’t like ＿＿＿＿ this afternoon．She’d
like ＿＿＿＿＿some other day．
A．swimming；swimming；to swim
B．to swim；swimming；to swim
C．swim；to swim；swimming D．swimming；to swim；to swim
10．She didn’t remember ＿＿＿＿ him before．
A．having met& B．have
met&&&&
C．to meet D．to having met
11．I would appreciate ＿＿＿＿ back this afternoon．
A．you to callB．you call
C．your calling D．you’re calling
12．How about the two of us ＿＿＿＿ a walk down the garden﹖
A．to take &&
B．take&&&&&
C．taking
D．to be taking
13．—Let me tell you something about the journalists．
—Don’t you remember ＿me the story yesterday﹖
A．told&&&&&&&&&
B．telling&&&&&
tell&&&&&&&&&&&&&
D．to have told
14．The pupil asked the teacher how much time he spent ＿＿＿＿ violin
every day．
A．to practise to play
the&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
B．practising playing the
C．to practise to
play&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
D．practising to play
15．It’s no use ＿＿＿＿＿ forward to ＿＿＿＿ from her soon．
A． to hear B． hearing C． hearD．
hear
1-5 BDDAC&#5 BACDA&# CCBBB
以上网友发言只代表其个人观点，不代表新浪网的观点或立场。“动词不定式作主语”详细讲解
一、的结构
to+动词原形
二、动词作主语
To hesitate means failure.犹豫不决就意味着失败。
To do this is to cut the foot to fit the shoe.这样做是削足适履。（主语和表语均用不定式）
For him to admit his mistakes is not easy.要他承认错误是不容易的。（带逻辑主语）
To be working all day long is a bore.整天干活使人厌倦。（不定式进行式）
To have known you is a privilege.认识了你真是荣幸。（不定式完成式）
2、不定式（短语）做主语时，往往由it代替它作形式主语（但不可用that作形式主语），不定式则移至谓语之后，这种情况多见于口语中。
It's unlike him to be late.他可不是迟到的那种人。
How does it feel to be on your own?自由自在的感觉怎样？
It would be wrong for people to marry for money.人们为钱而结婚是错误的。（It+be+形容词+for短语+不定式）
It's a shame to say like that.那样说话是可耻的。（It+be+名词+不定式）
It is against may principles to do such a thing.做这样的事是违反我的原则的。（It+be+介词短语+不定式）
3、不定式作主语时，在很多情况下都可用名词替代。
Knowing oneself is difficult.了解自己很难。
提示：如果作主语的不定式是固定说法，或表示强烈的对比，或某些具体情况等，通常不用动名词替代。
To err is human.没有不犯错的人。（不说Erring is human.)
To finish this job in one day is impossible.要在一天之内完成这项工作是不可能的。（某次具体情况）
4、有时候，作主语的不定式相当于一个条件从句。
To love others is to be loved.爱人即爱己。（If you love others,you will be loved by others.)
To see her is to love her.见了她就会爱上她。（If one see her,one will love her.)
5、如果作主语的不定式短语是“及物动词+宾语”，则可以把这个宾语转换为主语，而把不定式移到句尾。
The museum requires one million dollars to build.建造这个博物馆需要一百万美元。（To build this museum requires one million dollars.)
The matter is hard to deal with.处理这件事很难。（To deal with the matter is hard.)
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动名词和不定式做主语&练习题（答案）的简介：
1.&&& __________ a language requires time and effort.
A. Learn&&&&& &&&& B. Learning&& &&&&&& C. To learn&&& D. Being learned
2. It is not always easy __________ invitations.
A. to refuse&& &&&&& B. refusing&&& &&&&& C. to be refused&&&& &&&&& D. being refused
3.& __________ now seems impossible.
A. Saving money&&&&&&&&&& &&&&& &&&&& B. To save money
C. Being saved money&&&&&&& &&& D. To be saved money
4. To answer correctly is more important than __________
A. a quick finish& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B. to finish quickly&
C. finishing quickly&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D. you finish quickly
5. How __________ the problem will be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting.
A. to solve&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B. to be solved
C. being solved &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D. solving
6. It was polite _________ the child to give up his seat to the elderly woman.
A. for&&&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B. of&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C. to&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D. with
7. Is it necessary __________ the book immediately?
A. for him to return&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B. that he returns
C. his returning&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D. of him to return
8. It __________ forty-five minutes __________ there by bus.
A. cost, to get&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B. takes, getting
C. takes, to get&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D. takes, to get to
9. It is no good __________.& You should give_________.&&&&&&
A. to smoke, it up&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B. smoking, it up
C. smoking, up it&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D. to smoke, up it&
10. It is no __________ debating with Tom, because he will never change his mind.
A. use&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B. help&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C. time&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D. while
11. Do you consider it any good __________ again?
A. to try&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B. try&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& C. trying&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D. for you to try
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