英语怎样翻译，先翻译什么再翻译什么。是不是要按前后翻译_百度知道
英语怎样翻译，先翻译什么再翻译什么。是不是要按前后翻译
英语怎样翻译，先翻译什么再翻译什么
我有更好的答案
1. 有他这颗扫帚星，什么事情都办不成。[误] With a comet like him, nothing can be accomplished.[正] With a jinx like him, nothing can be accomplished.注：“扫帚星”是中国人对“慧星”（comet）的俗称，因其后面拖着一条像扫帚一样的长尾巴而得名。在中国古代，“扫帚星”被认为是灾难的预兆，并被用来比喻不吉利的人或事；祸根：（person or thing that is thought to bring）bad luck（to sb/sth）；curse。英语的comet 虽然没有这层含义，但却有一个对应的说法，即jinx。例：There's a jinx on/Someone's put a jinx on this car: it's always giving me trouble. （这辆汽车上有什么妨人的东西，总给我找麻烦。）2.萝卜青菜，各有所爱。[误] Some prefer radish but others prefer cabbage.[正] Tastes differ.注：Tastes differ/vary .是句英语谚语，除此以外，原句还可翻译成 No dish suits all tastes.或 You can never make everyone happy. 等。此外，我们还可以这样说：One man's meat is another man's poison. 总之，应采取意译。3.他一向嘴硬，从不认错。[误] He has always got a hard mouth and never admit a fault.[正] He never says uncle.注：say (cry) uncle: to admit defeat. Mainly used by boys, as when fighting. 这句话主要是男孩们打架时的用语，当一方想制服另一方时，就用命令的口气说：“Say uncle!”这时，有的孩子为了表示不服输，就是不说。后来，say uncle 就成了“服输”的代名词，而 not say uncle 就相当于“嘴硬”了。4.老师很喜欢这个嘴甜的小姑娘。[误] The teacher likes this sweet-mouthed little girl very much.[正] The teacher likes this honey-lipped little girl very much.注：中国人喜欢说“嘴甜”，但 honey-lipped 更符合英美人的语言习惯。5.同学们都很讨厌他，因为他经常拍老师的马屁。[误] The students all dislike him because he often pats the teacher's ass.[正] The students all dislike him because he often licks the teacher's boots.注：以前在欧洲，臣民见到国王与王后往往要亲吻他们的靴子。后来，人们将 lick the boots 引申为“为了某种目的而讨好某人”，它与汉语的“拍马屁”含义一样。在美国英语中，“拍马屁”还有另一种说法，即 polish the apple，源于以前的学生用擦亮的苹果来讨好老师。6.你听说了吗？迈克把他的女朋友给甩了。[误] Have you ever heard that Mike broke up with his girlfriend?[正] Have you ever heard that Mike dumped his girlfriend?注：break up with sb. 虽然表示“与某人分手了”，但并没说明是谁先提出来的。而 dump 的原意指“倾倒垃圾”，用在这里则表示像倒垃圾一样地甩掉。7.我们要把祖国建设成为社会主义的现代化强国。[误] We will build our motherland into a socialist modern powerful country.[正] We will build our motherland into a modern powerful socialist country.注：形容词作为修饰语在汉语和英语中都很常用，但使用的先后次序却有所不同。在英语中我们一般遵循“靠近原则”，即越能说明本质属性的修饰词越靠近它所修饰的名词，当从这一点看不出区别时，就靠词的长短来决定，短的在前，长的在后。原文中最能说明“国家”本质的定语是“社会主义的”，所以 socialist 要最靠近它所修饰的中心词。8.人都是这山望着那山高，对自己的现状没有满意的时候。[误] Almost all people think that the other mountain is higher than the one he's standing on. They never feel satisfied with what they've already got.[正] Almost all people think that the grass is greener on the other hill. They never feel satisfied with what they've already got.注：“这山望着那山高”是指人不满足于现状的心理，它在英语中已经有了现成的说法，即 the grass is greener on the other hill（他山的草更绿），因此我们借用即可，这样既方便又更有利于与西方人沟通。9.转战南北[误] fight south and north[正] fight north and south注：在地理方位的表达习惯上，中英文有一定的区别。中国人习惯于先“东西”后“南北”，而且在涉及“南北”时，习惯于先说“南”，再说“北”，如：“南征北战”、“南来北往”等。而英美人与此正好相反，如“江苏在中国的东南部”英文是 Jiangsu is in the south-east of China, 而“新疆在中国的西北部”应译为 Xinjiang is in the north-west of China。10.这个教授教得很烂。[误] The professor teaches badly.[正] The professor is so terrible.注：有人认为第二句的意思是“这个教授很可怕”，其实不然。英语中 terrible 意思很灵活，例如：feel terrible 指身体“不舒服”； The food is terrible 则是说食物“难吃极了”。而第一句纯属中文式的表达。
要从句子出发，先知道整个句子的大意，然后找出适用的句型，再落实到各个词。
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以上为机器翻译结果，长、整句建议使用
Have you got a book about America?
你有关于美国的书籍吗？
M:What's the matter,Linda?Have you got a problem?
你遇到什么问题了吗？
A: Have you got a scholarship, or are you on your own?
你有奖学金还是自费?
"Well,this is critical," "The risk of defeat goes up during this time because you have got, in essence,a political campaign.
VOA: standard.
Well, actually they all have the same overtones in a way, the same frequencies will sound, but you've got it--ninety-nine percent of it.
事实上,它们的泛音大体是相同的,频率听起来也一样,但你已经答对百分之九十九了
You might know already that you've got a 50 percent chance of having it, but you don't know whether you yourself have it.
你可能已经知道了,自己有50%的机会获得这种基因，但你不知道你有没有。
Have you got a quick song you could sing, we can take it out?
So what is the answer to my question - have you got a figure in your head?
Have you got a question or a story for me?
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感谢您的反馈，我们会尽快进行适当修改！请问这句该怎么翻译？I’ve got a story going.这里的going是什么意思？I’ve got a story going_百度知道
请问这句该怎么翻译？I’ve got a story going.这里的going是什么意思？I’ve got a story going
是“继续”吧。
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我们会通过消息、邮箱等方式尽快将举报结果通知您。Ole and Trufa The forest was large and thickly overgrown with all kinds of leaf-bearing trees. Usually, it is cold this time of year and it even happens that it snow, but this November was relatively warm. You might have thought it was summer except that the whole forest was strewn with fallen leaves－some yellow as saffron, some red as wine, some the color of gold and some of mixed color. The leaves had been torn down by the rain, by the wind, some by day, some at night, and they now formed a deep carpet over the forest floor. Although their juices had run dry, the leaves still exuded a pleasant aroma. The sun shone down on them through the living branches, and worms and flies which had somehow survived the autumn storms crawled over them. The space beneath the leaves provided hiding places for crickets, field mice and many other creatures who sought protection in the earth. 这是一座很大很茂密的森林，长满生有各种各样叶子的树。通常，每年的这个时候天气很冷 了，甚至下雪了，可是这个十一月比较暖和，如果不是满林子的落叶——桔黄的，酒红的， 金黄的， 还有杂色的——也许以为还是夏天呢。 这些落叶有些在白天， 有些在夜里被雨打落， 被风吹落，如今它们在森林的地面上形成了一条厚厚的落叶毯子。尽管已干枯，落叶仍散发 出好闻的香味。 阳光透过树枝照耀着它们， 落叶上爬动着在秋天的暴风雨中不知怎么存活下 来的虫子、苍蝇。落叶底下也为蟋蟀们提供了藏身之所，田鼠和许多其它生物也在大地上找 寻庇护。 On the tip of a tree which had lost all its other leaves, two still remained hanging from one twig: Ole and Trufa. For some reason unknown to them, Ole and Trufa had survived all the rains, all the cold nights and winds. Who knows the reason one leaf falls and another remains? But Ole and Trufa believed the answer lay in the great love they bore one another. Ole was slightly bigger than Turfa and a few days older, but Trufa was prettier and more delicate. One leaf can do little for another when the wind blows, the rain pours, or the hail begins to fall. Still, Ole encouraged Ttufa at every opportunity. During the worst storms, when the thunder clapped, the lightning flashed and the wind tore off not only leaves but even whole branches, Ole pleaded with Trufa: &Hang on, Trufa! Hand on with all your might! 在一棵其它叶子都落了的树梢上，还有两片挂在一根细枝上：这是奥立和特鲁法。奥立和特 鲁法也不知道为什么他们在所有的雨、 寒夜和风中幸存了下来。 没有人知道为什么有的树叶 会飘落下来而有的树叶依旧长在树上？可是奥立和特鲁法认为答案在于他们深深地爱着对 方。奥立比特鲁法年长几天，外形略大于特鲁法，可是特鲁法更漂亮精致。每当刮风下雨或 开始下冰雹时， 一片树叶并不能为另一片做些什么。 然而每到这个时候， 奥立都鼓励特鲁法。 在最恶劣的暴风雨里，雷鸣电闪，狂风不仅刮落树叶，甚至刮断整根树枝，奥立央求着特鲁 法：&坚持，特鲁法！尽你的全力坚持住！At times during cold and stormy nights, Trufa would complain: &My time had come, Ole, but you hand on!& &What for?& Ole asked. &Without you, my life is senseless. If you fall, I'll fall with you.& 有时在寒冷的暴风雨之夜，特鲁法会抱怨：&我的时间到了，奥立，可是你要坚持住！& &为了什么理由呢？&奥立问。&没有你我的生命毫无意义，如果你掉下去，我将跟你一起掉 下去！& &NO, Ole, don't do it! So long as a leaf can stay up it mustn't let go.& &It all depends if you stay with me,& Ole replied. &By day I look at you and admire your beauty. At night I sense your fragrance. Be the only leaf on a tree? No never!& &不，奥立，别这样！一片树叶只要能留在树上就不应该松手往下掉。& &这全得靠你是否留下来陪我。&奥立回答。&白天我看着你爱慕你的美丽，夜里感觉着你的 芬芳。只我一片树叶留在树上？决不！ &Ole, your words are so sweet but they're not true,& Trufa said. &You know very well that I'm no longer pretty. Look how wrinkled I am, how shriveled I've become! Only one thing is still left me－my love for you.& 特鲁法说：&奥立，你的话真让我高兴，可是你说得不对。你很清楚我不漂亮了，看我多皱， 变得多枯萎了啊！我唯一剩下的就是——我爱你。& &Isn't that enough? Of all our powers love the highest, the finest,& Ole said. &So long as we love each other we remain here, and no wind, rain or storm can destroy us. I'll tell you something, Trufa－I never loved you as much as I love you now.& &Why, Ole? Why? I'm all yellow.& &Who says green is pretty and yellow is not? All colors are equally handsome.& 奥立说：&那不就够了吗？爱是所有力量中最高尚、最美好的。只要我们在这里彼此相爱， 就没有风，没有雨或暴风雪能毁灭我们。告诉你，特鲁法，我从来没有像现在这么爱你。& &为什么，奥立？为什么，我已经完全枯黄了。& &谁说绿色漂亮黄色就不漂亮了？所有的色彩都同样漂亮。& And just as Ole spoke these words, that which Trufa had feared all these months happened－a wind came up and tore Ole loose from the twig. Trufa began to tremble and flutter until it seemed that she, too, would soon be torn away, but she held fast. She saw Ole fall and sway in the air, and she called to him in leafy language: &Ole! Come back! Ole! Ole!&But before she could even finish, Ole vanished from sight. He blended in with the other leaves on the ground, and Trufa was left all alone on the tree.奥立刚说完这些话， 特鲁法这几个月里一直害怕的事发生了——一阵风刮来从细枝上拉扯松 了奥立。特鲁法开始颤抖、晃动，似乎她很快也要被刮落了，可是她牢牢抓住了。她看到奥 立掉了下去在空中摇晃着，她用叶子的语言大声喊：&奥立，回来！回来啊，奥立！&可是她 甚至话都没能说完，奥立就从视野里消失了。他跟地上的其它落叶混合在一起，而特鲁法孤 伶伶地留在了树上。 So long as it was still day, Trufa managed somehow to endure her grief. But when it grew dark and cold and a piercing rain began to fall, she sank into despair. Somehow she felt that the blame for all the leafy misfortunes lay with the tree, the trunk with all its mighty limbs. Leaves fell, but the trunk stood tall, thick and firmly rooted in the ground. No wind, rain or hail could upset it. What did it matter to a tree, which probably lived forever, what become of a leaf? To Trufa, the trunk was a kind of god. It covered itself with leaves for a few months, then it shook them off. It nourished them with its sap for as long as it pleased, then it let them die of thirst. Trufa pleaded with the tree to give her back her Ole, to make it summer again, but the tree didn't heed her prayers. 只要天还没黑，特鲁法不管怎样还能设法忍受悲痛。可是天渐渐黑冷下来，并开始下起刺骨 的雨， 她绝望了。 不知怎么地她觉得所有树叶不幸的责任要怪树， 要怪长有巨大树枝的树干。 树叶掉了，而树干仍旧高大牢固地扎根在大地上，没有风雨或冰雹能掀翻它。这些对树有什 么要紧呢，它有可能永远存活下去，可是成为一片树叶呢？在特鲁法看来，树干就像上帝， 它用树叶覆盖自己几个月，然后又抖落它们；在树干高兴的时候就用树的汁液滋养树叶，而 后又渴死它们。特鲁法请求树把奥立还给她，让夏天再一次来临，可是树没有注意到它的祈 求。 Trufa didn't think a night could be so long as this one—so dark, so frosty. She spoke to Ole and hoped for an answer, but Ole was silent and gave no sign of his presence.Trufa said to the tree: &Since you've taken Ole from me, take me too.&But even this prayer the tree didn't acknowledge. 特鲁法从没想到一个夜晚能像今晚这么长——这么黑暗，这么严寒。她呼唤着奥立，希望能 听到一声回答，可是奥立沉默着，没有给出一点他存在的迹象。特鲁法对树说道：&既然你 从我身边带走了奥立，把我也一起带走吧。&可是甚至这个祈求树也没有注意。 After a while, Trufa dozed off. This wasn't sleep but a strange languor. Trufa awoke and to her amazement found that she was no longer handing on the tree. The wind had blown her down while she was asleep. This was different from the way she used to feel when she awoke on the tree with the sunrise. All her fears and anxieties had now vanished. The awakening also brought with it an awareness she had never felt before. She knew now that she wasn't just a leaf that depended on every whim of the wind, but that she was part of the universe. Through some mysterious force, Trufa understood the miracle of her molecules,atoms, protons and electrons－the enormous energy she represented and the divine plan of which she was a part. 片刻后，特鲁法打瞌睡了。这不是睡，而是让人不适的衰弱无力。醒来后，她吃惊地发现她 不挂在树上了，睡着时风已把她刮了下来。这给了她不同于伴着日出醒来的感觉，她所有的 害怕和焦虑此刻都消失了。 这次醒来给了她前所未有的意识。 她知道现在她不只是一片依赖 于风的一时兴致的树叶了，她成为宇宙的一部分。通过某些神秘的力量，特鲁法了解了自身 分子，原子，质子和电子的奇迹，她所代表的巨大能量以及她是其中一部分的神圣计划。 Next to her lay Ole, and they greeted each other with a love they hadn't been aware of before. This wasn't a love that depended on chance or caprice, but a love as mighty and eternal as the universe itself. That which they had feared all the days and nights between April and November turned out to be not death but redemption. A breeze came and lifted Ole and Trufa in the air and they soared with the bliss known only by those who have freed themselves and have joined with eternity.http://www.24en.com 爱思英语网 奥立就躺在她身旁，他们怀着前所未有的爱问候对方。这不是依赖机会或反复无常的爱，这 爱跟宇宙本身一样巨大和永恒。 在四月至十一月间他们日日夜夜恐惧的结果却不是死亡而是 解救。 一阵和风把奥立和特鲁法带到空中， 他们在只有解放自己进入永恒才能领悟到的无限 幸福里冲入云宵。Four most harmful ingredients in packaged foods:recipe for disaster Ninety percent of Americans' household food budget is spent on processed foods, the majority of which are filled with additives and stripped of nutrients. Discover which common ingredients in the foods you eat pose the greatest risk to your health. 美国家庭食品预算的 90%花在加工食品上，而这些食品打都富含食品添加剂，缺乏营养。 在食品中发现的常见配料对你的健康构成了最大的威胁。 Grab the broccoli with cheese sauce from the freezer, the box of instant rice pilaf from the pantry, or the hot dogs from your fridge and squint at the ingredient list's fine print. You'll likely find food additives in every one. 从冷库中取出抹了奶酪酱的西兰花，从食品储藏室取出一盒即食肉饭或从冰箱里拿出热狗， 你眯着眼睛看看配料表的小字，可能会从所有食物中找到食品添加剂。 Is this healthy? Compared to the foods our bodies were built to eat, definitely not. 这健康么？相对于我们身体生长所需的食物而言，这肯定是不健康的。 Processed, packaged foods have almost completely taken over the diet of Americans. In fact, nearly 90 percent of our household food budget is spent on processed foods, according to industry estimates. 加工、包装的食品几乎取代了美国人的饮食。据业内人士估计，事实上，美国近 90%的家 庭食品预算花在了加工食品上。 Unfortunately, most processed foods are laden with sweeteners, salts,artificial flavors, factory-created fats, colorings, chemicals that alter texture, and preservatives. But the trouble is not just what's been added, but what's been taken away. Processed foods are often stripped of nutrients designed by nature to protect your heart, such as soluble fiber, antioxidants, and &good& fats. Combine that with additives, and you have a recipe for disaster. 不幸的是，大多数加工食品富含甜味剂、盐、人造香味剂、工厂制造的脂肪、色素、改变质 感的化学品和防腐剂。但是麻烦的并不只是食品中加了些什么，而是减少了什么。加工食品 往往会破坏自然为保护你的心脏而设计的营养，比如可溶性纤维、抗氧化剂和“好”脂肪。加 上添加剂，你就有了一份造成灾害的食谱。 Here are the big four ingredients in processed foods you should look out for: 以下是加工食品中你应该留意的四种配料： TRANS FATS 反式脂肪 Trans fats are in moist bakery muffins and crispy crackers, microwave popcorn and fast-food French fries, even the stick margarine you may rely on as a &heart-healthy& alternative to saturated-fat-laden butter. 反式脂肪存在于湿润的烤制小松饼和脆饼干、 微波爆米花和快餐炸薯条中， 甚至你用来替代 富含饱和脂肪黄油的“有利于心脏健康的”粘糊糊的人造黄油中也含有反式脂肪。 Once hailed as a cheap, heart-friendly replacement for butter, lard,and coconut oil, trans fats have, in recent times, been denounced by one Harvard nutrition expert as &the biggest food-processing disaster in U.S. history.& Why? Research now reveals trans fats are twice as dangerous for your heart as saturated fat, and cause an estimated30,000 to 100,000 premature heart disease deaths each year. 最近，一位哈佛大学营养专家披露，一度被视为廉价而有利于心脏健康的、取代黄油、猪油 和椰子油的替代品是“美国历史上最大的食品加工灾难。”为什么？如今，研究显示，反式脂肪对心脏的危害比饱和脂肪高两倍，每年造成约三万至十万人过早死于心脏病。 Trans fats are worse for your heart than saturated fats because they boost your levels of &bad& LDL cholesterol and decrease &good& HDL cholesterol. That's double trouble for your arteries. And unlike saturated fats, trans fats also raise your levels of artery-clogging lipoprotein and triglycerides. 反式脂肪比饱和脂肪对心脏更有害，是因为他们提高了你的“坏”（低密度脂蛋白）胆固醇浓 度，减少了“好”（高密度脂蛋白）胆固醇浓度。对你的动脉来说，这是双重麻烦。与饱和脂 肪不同的是，反式脂肪还会提高堵塞动脉的脂蛋白和甘油三酸酯的浓度。 Trans fats will be listed on the &Nutrition Facts& panel on food beginning in 2006. Until then, check the ingredient list for any of these words: &partially hydrogenated,& &fractionated,& or& hydrogenated& (fully hydrogenated fats are not a heart threat, but some trans fats are mislabeled as &hydrogenated&). The higher up the phrase &partially hydrogenated oil& is on the list of ingredients, the more trans fat the product contains. 从 2006 年开始，食品的“营养成分”说明中要列出反式脂肪。直到那时，人们才开始查看配 料表中的这些字句：“部分氢化”、“分馏”或“氢化”（完全氢化的脂肪对心脏没有威胁，但是 某些反式脂肪被错误的贴上了“氢化”的标签）“部分氢化油”这个短语在配料表上越高，产品 中反式脂肪的含量越大。 Replacing trans fats with good fats could cut your heart attack risk by a whopping 53 percent. 用好脂肪替换反式脂肪能够减少高达 53%的心脏病发作风险。 REFINED GRAINS 细粮 Choosing refined grains such as white bread, rolls, sugary low-fiber cereal, white rice, or white pasta over whole grains can boost your heart attack risk by up to 30 percent. You've got to be a savvy shopper. Don't be fooled by deceptive label claims such as &made with wheat flour& or &seven grain.& Or by white-flour breads topped with a sprinkling of oats, or colored brown with molasses. Often, they're just the same old refined stuff that raises risk for high cholesterol, high blood pressure, heart attacks, insulin resistance, diabetes, and belly fat. 如果选择细粮，如白面包、面包卷、含糖低纤维谷物、白米饭或白面条，而不选择选择全谷 物，有可能增加 30%患心脏病的风险。你必须做个精明的购物者，千万不要被声称“由小麦 粉制成”或“由七种谷物”制成的骗人标签迷惑，也不要被顶上点缀了一点燕麦或者糖浆染成 棕色的面包迷惑。 他们往往还是原来那种精制的食物， 有可能增加患各种疾病的风险—高胆 固醇、高血压、心脏病、抗胰岛素性、糖尿病和腹部脂肪。 At least seven major studies show that women and men who eat more whole grains (including dark bread, whole-grain breakfast cereals, popcorn,cooked oatmeal, brown rice, bran, and other grains like bulgur orkasha) have 20 to 30 percent less heart disease. In contrast, those who opt for refined grains have more heart attacks, insulin resistance, and high blood pressure. 至少七项重要研究显示，吃较多全谷物（包括黑面包、全谷物早餐食品、爆米花、煮熟的燕 麦粥、糙米、麦麸及其他碎小麦或荞麦之类的谷物）的人们患心脏病的风险低 20%至 30%。 比较而言，那些选择细粮的人们更易患心脏病、抗胰岛素性和高血压。 Read the ingredient list on packaged grain products. If the product is one of those that are best for you, the first ingredients should be whole wheat or another whole grain, such as oats. The fiber content should be at least 3 grams per serving. 看看谷类产品包装上的配料表。 如果它是最有利于你的那种产品之一， 其第一成分应该是全麦或另一种全谷物，如燕麦，而且每份食品的纤维含量至少应该是 3 克。 SALT 盐 Three-quarters of the sodium in our diets isn't from the saltshaker.It's hidden in processed foods, such as canned vegetables and soups,condiments like soy sauce and Worcestershire sauce, fast-food burgers(and fries, of course), and cured or preserved meats like bacon, ham,and deli turkey. 我们饮食中四分之三的钠并非来自盐瓶子。它隐藏在加工食品中，如罐装蔬菜和汤类，酱和 辣酱油之类的调味品，快餐汉堡包（当然还有炸薯条），熏肉、火腿、熟食店火鸡之类的熏 制或腌制的肉类。 Some sodium occurs naturally in unprocessed edibles, including milk,beets, celery, even some drinking water. And that's a good thing:Sodium is necessary for life. It helps regulate blood pressure,maintains the body's fluid balance, transmits nerve impulses, makes muscles -- including your heart -- contract, and keeps your senses of taste, smell, and touch working properly. You need a little every day to replace what\'s lost to sweat, tears, and other excretions. 有些纳天然存在于未加工的可食用食品中，其中包括牛奶、甜菜、芹菜，甚至某些饮用水。 这是件好事情：钠是生命的必需品。它有助于调节血压，维持体液平衡，传递神经脉冲，使 肌肉—包括你的心脏—收缩， 保证你的味觉、 嗅觉和感觉正常工作。 你每天都需要摄取一点， 来补充因流汗、流泪或其他排泄而损失的钠。 But what happens when you eat more salt than your body needs? Your body retains fluid simply to dilute the extra sodium in your bloodstream. This raises blood volume, forcing your
at the same time, it makes veins and arteries constrict. The combination raises blood pressure. Your limit should be 1,500 milligrams of sodium per day, about the amount in three-fourths of a teaspoon of salt. (Table salt, by the way,is 40 percent sodium, 60 percent chloride.) Older people should eat even less, to counteract the natural rise in blood pressure that comes with age. People over 50 should strive for 1,300 those over 70should aim for 1,200 mg. 当你吃的盐超过身体所需时会出现什么情况？身体保留体液只是为了稀释血液中多余的钠。 它增加了血容量、迫使你的心脏负担更重；同时，它使静脉和动脉收缩。而这一切会使血压 升高。 你的极限是每天 1500 毫克钠，约四分之三茶匙盐。（顺便说一下，食盐含 40%钠，60%氯 化物。）为了抵消随着年龄增长而自然升高的血压，老年人应该吃最少的钠。50 岁以上的 人应该努力限制在 1300 毫克，而那些 70 岁以上的人应该把目标定在 1200 毫克。 Only the &Nutrition Facts& panel on a food package will give you the real sodium count. Don't believe claims on the package front such as&sodium-free& (foods can still have 5 mg per serving); &reduced sodium&(it only means 25 percent less than usual); or &light in sodium& (half the amount you'd normally find). 食品包装上只有“营养成分”牌会为你提供真正的那数字。别相信包装前面的话，比如“无 钠”（每份食物可能仍然含有 5 毫克钠）；“减少了钠”（那只表示比平常少 25%）；或 “淡钠”（你一般会发现只减少了一半）。 Not So Sweet After AllHIGH-FRUCTOSE CORN SYRUP 高果糖玉米糖浆 Compared to traditional sweeteners, high-fructose corn syrup costs less to make, is sweeter to the taste, and mixes more easily with other ingredients. Today, we consume nearly 63 pounds of it per person per year in drinks and sweets, as well as in other products. High-fructose corn syrup is in many frozen foods. It gives bread an inviting, brown color and soft texture, so it's also in whole-wheat bread, hamburger buns, and English muffins. It is in beer, bacon, spaghetti sauce, soft drinks, and even ketchup. 与传统的甜味剂相比，高果糖玉米糖浆制造成本更低，口感更甜，更易与其它配料混合。今 天，在饮料喝糖果以及其它产品中，我们每人每年消费 63 磅玉米糖浆。许多冷冻食品中含 有高果糖玉米糖浆。它使面包具有诱人的棕色和口感，因此，全麦面包、汉堡面包和英式松 饼中也有糖浆。啤酒、熏肉、意大利面条酱、软饮料、甚至番茄酱中都有玉米糖浆。 Research is beginning to suggest that this liquid sweetener may upset the human metabolism, raising the risk for heart disease and diabetes.Researchers say that high-fructose corn syrup's chemical structure encourages overeating. It also seems to force the liver to pump more heart-threatening triglycerides into the bloodstream. In addition,fructose may zap your body's reserves of chromium, a mineral important for healthy levels of cholesterol, insulin, and blood sugar. 研究正开始表明， 这种液体甜味剂也许会扰乱人类的新陈代谢， 增加患心脏病和糖尿病的风 险。研究人员表示，高果糖玉米糖浆的化学结构刺激过量饮食。它似乎还强迫肾脏往血液中 输送更多危害心脏的甘油三酸酯。此外，果糖可能会消除体内储存的铬—一种对胆固醇、胰 岛素和糖浆的健康水平来说很重要的矿物质。 To spot fructose on a food label, look for the words &corn sweetener,&&corn syrup,& or &corn syrup solids& as well as &high-fructose corn syrup.& 要想在食品标签上辨出果糖， 就要找找这些字 “玉米甜味剂” ， 或 “玉米糖浆颗粒” 以及 “高 果糖玉米糖浆”。Unit4The fraudulent antIt seems to me that in the matter of intellect the ant must be a strangely overrated bird. During the many summers, now, I have watched him, when I ought to have been in better business, and I have not yet come across a living ant that seemed to have any more sense than a dead one. I refer to the ordinary ant, I have no experience of those wonderful Swiss and African ones which vote, keep drilled armies, hold slaves, and dispute about religion. Those particular ants may be all that the naturalist paints them, but I am persuaded that the average ant is a sham. I admit his industry, he is the hardest working creature in the world,--when anybody is looking,--but his leatherheadedness is the point I make against him.讲到智力，在我看来，蚂蚁这家伙的确莫名所以地受到了人们的过誉。比如说，许多夏 天，本来该做一些更有意义的事情的，我却去观察它；然而，我好像始终没有发现一个活蚂 蚁比一个死了的更具有些微的理性。当然，我指的是普通的蚂蚁；我没接触那些神奇的瑞士 蚂蚁和非洲蚂蚁，它们会进行表决，拥有久经训练的军队，使用奴隶，讨论宗教问题等。那 些特殊的蚂蚁也许完全像博物学家所描绘的一样，然而，我有理由相信，一般的蚂蚁都属欺 世盗名之徒。当然，我承认它是辛劳的；它是世界上工作最卖力的生物——那也只是在有人 观看它们的时候如此——然而，它那份愚蠢劲儿却是我瞧不入眼的。它出来掠取粮食，它捕获到了食品，可是，此后它又做些什么呢？回到穴里去吗？不——上哪儿去都行，就是不回 到穴里去。它不知道它的穴在哪里。它的穴也许只离开它三尺远——但那不管事，反正它就 是找不到它。 He goes out foraging, he makes a capture, and then what does he do? Go home? No,--he goes anywhere but home. He doesn't know where home is. His home may be only three feet away,--no matter, he can't find it. He makes his capture, as I it is generally something which can be of no sort of use to him it is usually seven times bigger he hunts out the awkwardest plac he lifts it bodily up in the air by main force, not toward home, but in th not calmly and wisely, but with a frantic haste which is wast he fetches up against a pebble, and instead of going around it, he climbs over it backwards dragging his booty after him, tumbles down on the other side, jumps up in a passion, kicks the dust off his clothes, moistens his hands, grabs his property viciously, yanks it this way then that, shoves it ahead of him a moment, turns tail and lugs it after him another moment, gets madder and madder, then presently hoists in into the air and goes tearing away in an en it never occurs to no, and he does climb it, dragging his worthless property to the top--which is as bright a thing to do as it would be for me to carry a sack of flour from Heidelberg to Paris by way of Strasburg steeple, when he gets up there he finds that t takes a cursor glance at the scenery and either climbs down again or tumbles down, and starts off once more--as usual, in a new direction. At the end of half an hour, he fetches up within six inches of the place he started from and
meantime he has been over all the ground for two yards around, and climbed all the weeds and pebbles he came across. Now he wipes the sweat from his brow, strokes his limbs, and then marches aimlessly off, in as violent a hurry as ever. He traverses a good deal of zigzag country, and by and by stumbles on this same booty again. He does not remember to have he looks around to see which is not the way home, grabs h he goes through the same adve finally stops to rest, and a friend comes along. 它出来掠取粮食，它捕获到了食品，可是，此后它又做些什么呢？回到穴里去吗？不— —上哪儿去都行，就是不回到穴里去。它不知道它的穴在哪里。它的穴也许只离开它三尺远 ——但那不管事，反正它就是找不到它。 前面我已经说过，它捕获到一件东西；那东西一 般无论对它自己或者对别人都是毫无用处的， 那东西往往比其应有的体积大六倍。 它找到一 个很不称手的地方，一把揪住了它。它使大劲把它举起，然后开始搬运，不是往穴里搬，而 是朝相反的方向走，不是从容不迫，运用智慧，而是发了疯似的急赶，虽然那样只会白白浪 费了它的气力。它被一个小鹅卵石挡住了路，它不是绕过了它，而是倒退着向上登，把它的 捕获物跟着往上拽， 在小鹅卵石的另一面翻滚了下去。 它气愤地跳起来， 踢去衣服上的尘土， 向手上啐一口， 恶狠狠地揪住它的捕获物， 把它又是往这面猛力地拉， 又是往那面使劲地扯。 有一阵子把它向前推，然后又掉转了屁股；有一阵子把它从后面拖，举动越来越狂暴；过后 不久又把它掀到空中，朝完全另一个方向一路使大劲挣扎过去。它碰上了一茎杂草，它从来 不会想到绕过了它，不，它非爬过去不可。于是，它果然爬起来，拖着它那毫不价值的捕获 物攀到了顶巅——它做这样聪明的事， 有如我背着一袋面粉从海德堡去巴黎， 却绕道攀登施 特拉斯堡的尖塔一样。它爬到了上面，发现那地方不对头，于是它随便浏览了一下风景，接 着，或者是爬了下来，或者要滚了下去。然后再一次出发——这一次仍像往常一样，又朝一 个新的方向走去。半小时后，它在离开出发点还不到六英寸的地方停下，卸下了它的重担。 在这段时间里，它走遍了周围二码方圆的地区，攀登了所有它遇到的杂草和小鹅卵石。这时候它拭去脑门子上的汗，揉了揉胳膊和腿，然后，仍像以前那样狂奔疾走，又漫无目标地赶 它的路去了。它穿过许多曲曲弯弯的地方，后来又碰上了原先的捕获物。它已经忘了以前曾 经见过的这玩意儿。它四面望了望，看哪一条是不通往自己穴里的路，然后抓住了它捕获的 东西，沿那条路出发。它重复了原先那些雷同的经历，最后它停下来休息。这时候一位朋友 走过来了。Evidently the friend remarks that a last year's grasshopper leg is a very noble acquisition, and inquires where he got it. Evidently the proprietor does not remember exactly where he did get it, but thinks he got it &around here somewhere.& Evidently the friend contracts to help him freight it home. Then, with a judgment peculiarly antic, (pun not intentional) they take hold of opposite ends of that grasshopper leg and begin to tug with all their might in opposite directions. Presently they take a rest and confer together. They decide that something is wrong, they can't make out what. Then they go at it again, just as before. Same result. Mutual recriminations follow. Evidently each accuses the other of being an obstructionist. They warm up, and dispute ends in a fight. They lock themselves together and chew each other' then they roll and tumble on the ground till one loses a horn or a leg and has to haul off for repairs. They make up and go to work again in the same old insane way, but the crippled ant
tug as he may, the other one drags off the booty and him at the end of it. Instead of giving up, he hangs on, and gets his shins bruised against every obstruction that comes in the way. By and by, when that grasshopper leg has been dragged all over the same old ground once more, it is finally dumped at about the spot where it originally lay, the two perspiring ants inspect it thoughtfully and decide that dried grasshopper legs are a poor sort of property after all, and then each starts off in a different direction to see if he can't find an old nail or something else that is heavy enough to afford entertainment and at the same time valueless enough to make an ant want to own it.朋友明明是在说， 一只陈年的蚱蜢腿是十分高级的猎获物， 问它那是打哪儿来的。 显然， 物主人已经记不清它是打哪儿得来的， 但是猜想它是 “在这儿附近什么地方” 找到的。 显然， 那朋友答应帮它搬运回去。这时候，出现了独特的蚁性（这里我无意中使用了一个双关语） 的见识，它们揪住蚱蜢腿相反的两头，开始使出全力朝两个相反方向拼命地拽。过了不多一 会儿，它们停下来休息，并且一起商量办法。它们确信有什么地方不大对头，但是怎么也弄 不明白那是怎么回事。 接着， 它们又开始拉扯起来， 动作完全像刚才一样。 而结果也是一样。 接着是彼此责怪。显然，每一方都怪对方妨碍了工作。它们上了火，吵到最后打起来了。它 们揪成一团，有一会工夫都在咬对方的下颚，接着，它们在地上打滚，最后一只蚂蚁丢了一 个触角，也许是丢了一条腿，不得不蹭到一边去恢复创伤。后来它们言归于好，又开始像原 先那样痴呆地进行工作，但是那只瘸腿的蚂蚁老大吃亏，无论它怎样使大劲拽，另一只蚂蚁 仍旧把那胜利品连同吊在末端上的它一起拉了过去。它不肯服输，仍旧揪着不放，一路上每 一个阻碍物都碰伤了它的小腿。后来，那条蚱蜢腿又一次被拖着走遍了那块老地方，终于被 丢在了它原来所在的附近。两只汗流浃背的蚂蚁若有所思，把它检看了一阵，认为干蚱蜢腿 根本是破烂货，于是它们分道扬镳，看自己能不能找到一根旧钉子，或者其他什么东西，其 重量足以让它们进行一番娱乐。There in the Black Forest, on the mountain side, I saw an ant go through with such a performance as this with a dead spider of fully ten times his own weight. The spider was not quite dead, but too far gone to resist. He had a round body the size of apea. The little ant--observing that I was noticing--turned him on his back, sunk his fangs into his throat, lifted him into the air and started vigorously off with him, stumbling over little pebbles, stepping on the spider's legs and tripping himself up, dragging him backwards, shoving him bodily ahead, dragging him backwards, shoving him bodily ahead, dragging him up stones six inches high instead of going around them, climbing weeds twenty times his own height and jumping from their summits ,--and finally leaving him in the middle of the road to be confiscated by any other fool of an ant that wanted him. I measured the ground which this ass traversed, and arrived at the conclusion that what he had accomplished inside of twenty minutes would constitute some such job as this,--relatively speaking,-- to-wit: to strap two eight-hundred pound horses together,carry then eighteen hundred feet, mainly over (not around) bowlders averaging six feet high, and in the course of the journey climb up and jump from the top of one precipice like Niagara, and three steeples, each a hundred
and then put the horses down, in an exposed place, without anybody to watch them, and go off to indulge in some other idiotic miracle for vanity's sake.就在黑森林的山坡上， 我看见另一只蚂蚁也在表演以上所描绘的一套。 它搬的是一只 死蜘蛛，其重量足抵蚂蚁的十倍。蜘蛛还没有死透，但是已经完全失去反抗能力，它有着一 个圆滚滚的身体，大小像一颗豌豆。小蚂蚁——觉察到我在观察——就把蜘蛛翻身朝天，用 毒牙咬住它的咽喉，把它举到空中，然后奋力叼着它走，一路上绊倒在小鹅卵石上，践踏在 蜘蛛腿上，跌跌撞撞，一会儿把它向后拉，一会儿把它向前搡，不是绕过了那些六英寸高的 石头，而是把蜘蛛一直拖了上去；有时候爬上了相当于自己身长二十倍的杂草，然后再从它 们的顶巅跳了下来——到最后， 把它丢在了路当中， 随便任何其他笨蚂蚁谁爱要的给收了去。 我量了量这只蚂蚁所经过的地方，最后得出这一结论：它在二十分钟内所从事的劳动，其分 量相当于——比较而言——一个人所完成的这样一份工作： 即将两匹各重八百磅的马绑在一 起，扛着它们走上一千八百英尺，大部分是越过（不是绕过）那些平均高达六英尺的光滑的 大圆石，途中还攀登了一座像尼亚加拉河上的悬崖顶，再从那里跳下去，登上三座尖塔，每 座塔高一百二十英尺；然后卸下两匹马，放在一个毫无掩蔽的地方，也不用人看守，就一径 走开，又去干另一件什么莫名其妙的傻事，而进行这一切活动，只是为了要让自己当着人们 露一手儿。Science has recently discovered that the ant does not lay up anything for winter use. This will knock him out of literature, to some extent. He does not work, except when people are looking, and only then when the observer has a green, naturalistic look, and seems to be taking notes. This amounts to deception, and will injure him for the Sunday schools. He has not judgment enough to know what is good to eat from what isn't. This amounts to ignorance, and will impair the world's respect for him. He cannot stroll around a stump and find his way home again. This amounts to idiocy, and once the damaging fact is established, thoughtful people will cease to look up to him, the sentimental will cease to fondle him. His vaunted industry is but a vanity and of no effect, since he never gets home with anything he starts with. This disposes of the last remnant of his reputation and wholly destroys his main usefulness as a moral agent, since it will make the sluggard hesitate to go to him any more. It is strange beyond comprehension, that so manifest a humbug as the ant has been able to fool so many nations and keep it up so many ages without being found out.最近科学家们发现，蚂蚁并不为冬季储存什么食粮。这一发现，将在某种程度上把它从 褒扬的文字中排除出去。原来它并不工作，除非是有人在一旁观察它，观察者必须是显出缺 乏经验，带有一副博物学者的神气，而且好像同时是在作什么记录。它这种行为等于是在进 行欺骗，这将使它名誉扫地，再没资格列入主日学校的教材了。它缺乏判断能力，不能区分 什么东西是好吃的，什么东西是不好吃的。这说明它是愚蠢无知的，人们将不再敬重它。它 不能绕过一个树桩，找到回家的路。这说明它是痴呆的，而这种招人贬损的行为一经被证实 后，凡是有头脑的人都不会再看重它了，即使是那些多情善感的人也不会再怜惜它了。它那 装模作样的勤劳，只能说明它是爱好虚荣，并不讲究实效，因为它抵家时从来没带回去一件 它头里搬运的东西。 这一事实会勾销了它仅仅剩下的那一点虚名， 全部否定了它在品德方面 具有诱导的作用，因为，这一来连那些懒汉也开始犹豫，再不肯向它 学习了。像蚂蚁这样 一个显而易见的骗徒，竟然能够迷惑了这么多民族，而且继续蒙混了这么多年代，始终没被 人发觉：这可是一件令人纳罕、难以理解的事。The digital camera fights for survival When digital cameras hit the mass market in 1977,consumers couldn’t get enough of them.Within nine years,nearly 300 million digital cameras were sold,and half of all households in the U.S.and Japan owned one,as did 41% of all European households,making digital photography one of the fastest-adopted technologies of all time. Such dramatic change comes at a price:the icons of photography as we knew it tumbled. Polaroid went bust in 2001. Kodak stopped making film cameras in 2004. Now,however,it’s the sellers of digital cameras themselves who have to worry about possible extinction. With the summer photo-snapping season in full swing,market-research firm IDC is predicting that consumers in Japan and Western Europe will buy fewer digital cameras this year than they did last year(in fact,the numbers already declined in Japan in 2005). Around the world,they’ll purchase only 10%more cameras than a year ago—103.2 million versus 93.8 million . That’s nothing,considering that in 2005 sales jumped by 27%,in 2004 by 51% and in 2003 by 73%. “We’re reaching a saturation point,” says Chris Chute,an analyst with IDC in Framingham,Massachusetts. “Some of the weak vendors below 8% share will have to reconsider their place.” The big picture is one of a shrinking market:IDC predicts that global growth will soon vanish as sales flatten in 2009 at 111.1 million cameras,and then begin to sink in 2010. Things look even soggier through the revenue lens. Retail prices will plummet as they always have,especially as consumer-electronics powerhouses like Samsung ,Panasonic and BenQ flex their distribution muscles to grab at market share from the other vendors ahead of them—Sony,Kodak,Olympus,Nikon,Fujifilm,HP and Casio—and from leader of the pack Canon. The strain of a shrinking market has already forced at least three notable vendors out—Konica Minolta exited last spring,selling patents and assets to Sony. Kyocera shuttered its camera business in 2005,two decades after entering the photography market by buying Japan’s venerable Yashica Camera Co.and its Contax brand. And Toshiba all but stepped away in 2004. How ,then ,are other digital-camera vendors going to eke out a living? It won’t be easy:two weeks ago,Kodak reported a $282 million second-quarter loss,almost twice that for the same period last year. Lowindustry-wide profit margins mean that competing on price will be difficult. Consumers can already buy a decent camera for as little as $80. Although iSuppli,a California-based research firm, says the cost of producing a camera will continue to decline,those cost reductions won’t keep pace with plummeting consumer price. If vendors don’t want to compete on price they will have to distinguish themselves in other ways. In the heyday of digital-camera sales,all they had to do was improve a camera’s image resolution ,measured in megapixels. But now that the march of the megapixels has advanced to at least five or six on most point-and-shoot cameras—a level above which the human eye can’t spot improvement—vendors are scrambling to compete on other features. Some are banking on the digital slr(or dslr)—a digital version of classic single-lens-reflex cameras. Photo enthusiasts pay a premium for slr camera because they equate them with quality:slr let users add different lenses,and are known for capturing more light and for snapping exactly what the photographer views through the finder. Canon and Nikon,both strong slr players from the analog days,are leading the charge. Sony,too, is moving for the first time into dslrs with its Alpha dslr A100,which hit the market in July. The camera uses slr technology Sony acquired from Konica Minolta,and is selling for around $1,000,lens included. Companies think the dslr will whet the appetites of gadget lovers who will eat up higher-margin aftermarket treats,like lenses,flashes and cases. Sony,for one,offers 21 lenses its new Alpha. Skeptics say that dslr are a false hope,because most people consider them too complicated,big or pricey.IDC pegs them at around 4%of the market today,growing to only around 5.5% by 2010. Fujifilm,which in January overhauled its camera division to offset declining profits,is avoiding entry-level dslr altogether because,notes Fujifilm U.K.’s director of photo products Adrian Clarke, the market is “fiercely competitive.” Instead ,Fujifilm is banking on the printing business, a strategy that stems from its heritage as a film provider. Sales of its “minilab” printing equipment to British retailers such as Tesco,Boots andJessops had been reliable for five years,at about 600 units per year. But in 2005,those numbers halved. The company says that major retail customers no longer needed to buy new minilabs,so Fujifilm is now promoting“in-store ordering terminals”to new customers as part of its“print at retail ”push. Kodak,too,is relying heavily on the printing business.Jaime Cohen Szulc, general manager of Kodak’s cammera business in Europe,the Middle East and Africa,,points out that people print only about 28%of their digital photos,a long way from their habits with film,when folks often printed two copies of every shot. Kodak is selling products that alits EasyShare printer,for example,let you connect your camera straight to the printer. Kodak makes money not so much by selling printer hardware,but by selling the paper and ink cartridges,which carry higher profit margins than consumer-electronics good. Companies also hope to persuade mobile-phone-camera users to print out their shots.“For the entry level，the mobile is taking more and more of digital-cameramarket,”says Kodak’s Cohen Szulc. There is some silver lining for the industry. Vendors are looking to emerging market such as Brazil,Russia,India and China. And even in the mature Japanese,European and U.S.markets,a lot of people still do not have digital cameras.IDC analyst Paul Withington in London says that household penetration levels are far from the 70%-80% that the industry reached with film cameras. “It’s down to the vendors to try to stimulate that growth,”says Withington. That means that consumers are in for a treat of more features at lower prices, as camera makers constantly improve their wares.“It’s all a ridiculous affirmation of how capitalism increase selection for low price,”says IDC’s Chute. Creative destruction,we’ll see how many camera companies survive it. Total words:1,080 1.The group should work under the supervision of that unbiased international commission. 2.The most telling thing about the recent calls for a second stimulus package in the U.S.is that the bond market has looked the other way. 3.Perhaps I can introduce Mr.Lake Kirby,an emeritus professor from Washington University. 4.They met, fell for each other and got married six weeks later. 5.She crooked her little finger as she drank her tea. 6.The management would like to thank the staff for being so cooperative. 7.Act promptly to remove spots from these fabrics. The longer you delay,the more indelible will the mark become. 8.But Phil Graham was a manic-depressive,and his flights of greatness were accompanied by terrible lows. 9.The President affirmed America’s commitment to its transatlantic (i.e.European) allies. 10.The companies of the two countries have complementary advantage. 11.In order to achieve success in financial field,you need to have a(n) perceptive insight. 12.The firm has an important asset in the person of the direct of research. 13.These are merely pointless attempts to rescue the victims of the raging fire. 14.I’ll swap my Michael Jackson tape for your Bruce Springsteen album. 15.Owning to a previous engagement,I shan’t be able to come. 16.The two armies finally agreed to trade off their prisoners. 17.His heart sank as he listen to the judge utter the fateful word. 18.Incidentally,if you want that book,I’ll bring it next time. 19.A third party is formed by the fusion of independent republicans and democrats. 20.Our professor is a person who is sympathetic and nonjudgmental. 1.Since a circle has no beginning or end ,the wedding ring is accepted as a symbol of eternal love. 2.In order to keep the line moving, customers with lengthy transaction are required to do their banking inside. 3.President Wilson attempted to mediate between the powers to end the war, but neither side was prepared to give in.4.The police have installed cameras at dangerous road junctions to film those who drive through red lights. 5.It is reported that thirty people were killed in a collision on the railway yesterday. Unite7 1.The sign set up by the road______drivers to a sharp turn. A.alerts B.refreshes C.pleads D.diverts 2.The doctor don’t_____that the patient will live much longer. A.monitor B.manifest C.articulate D.anticipate 3.Call your doctor for advice if the ____persist for more than a few days. A.responses B.signals C.symptoms D.reflection 4.We find it impossible to_____ with the latest safety regulation. A.accord B.unify C.obey D.comply 5.Professor Smith and Professor Brown will _____ in presenting the series of lectures on American literature. A.alter B.alternate C.substitute D.exchange 6.He suggested that we put the scheme into effect, for it is quite ______. A.probable B.sustainable C.feasible D.eligible 7.This book is about how these basic beliefs and values affect important ____ of American life. A.facets B.formats C.formulas D.fashions 8.It is one thing to locate oil, but it is quite another to _____ and transport it to industrial centers. A.Permeate B.extract C. distinguish D.concentrate 9.Students are expected to be quiet and ______ in an Asian classroom. A.obedient B.overwhelming C.skeptical D.subsidiary 10.Our reporter has just called to say that rescue teams will ____ to bring out the trapped miners. A.effect B.affect C.conceive D.endeavor 11.It is generally known that New York is a city for _____ and a center for odd bits of information. A.veterans B.pedestrians C.victims D.eccentrics 12.High grades are supposed to ______ academic ability, but John’s actual performance did not confirm this. A.certify B.classify C.clarify D.notify 13.In spite of the ____,it seems that many of the invited guests would still show up. A.deviation B.controversy C.distinction D.comparison 14.The relatives of those killed in the crash got together to seek _____. A.premium B.repayment C.compensation D.refund 15. At first everything went well with the project but recently we have had a number of______ with the machinery. A.disturbance B.outputs C.setbacks D. Distortions 16. He tried to hide his _____ patch by sweeping his hair over to one side. A.barren B.bare C.bald D.bleak 17. The old couple now still _____ for their beloved son, 30 years after his death.A.Cherish B.groan C.immerse D.mourn 18. Coffee is the _____ of this district and bring local farmers a lot of money.. A.majority B.staple C.spice D.elite 19. Before we move, we should _____ some of the old furniture, so that we can have more room in the new house. A.Discard B.dissipate C.cancel D.conceal 20. You cannot imagine how I feel ____with my duties sometimes. A.overflowed B.overthrown C.overwhelmed D.overturned Unit 10 1. Renewable natural resources, such as agricultural land, forests,and fisheries,are able to ____ themselves over time. A.degenerate B.regenerate C.deteriorate D.entertain 2. Only heart disease,cancer,and ____ hemorrhage take more lives annually than do accidents, both among males and females. A.cellular B.celestial C.cerebral D.tentative 3. Conservatives have tried to discourage welfare dependency by requiring welfare ____ who are not disabled,elderly, or responsible for the care of young children to earn their benefits in specially created minimum-wage public service jobs, an approach called workfare. A.recipients B.receptors C .captures D.donors 4. Fossils of ancient birds and birdlike dinosaurs such as those found in northeastern China may help paleontologists clarify the ____ relationship between birds and dinosaurs. A.neurological B.intriguing C.demonstrative D.evolutionary 5. I’m sure that Dr.Macgregor would ____ visits from you as much too exciting for the patient. A.rule out B.give rise to C.sun up D.seek out 6. Being _____ all the luxuries of life and most of the necessities,my mother, always conspiring with a wild imagination for something to occupy my time,led me at last to invade the field of invention. A.separated from B.deleted from C.deprived of D.left behind 7. Paintwork on the corner of a stairway tends to get ____ and scratched as people pass by. A.disrupted B.nicked C.injected D.sustained 8. Natural gas is transported,usually by pipelines,to customers who burn it for fuel or,in some cases,make petrochemicals from chemicals _____ or “stripped”,from it. A.introduced B.extracted C.transformed D.deducted 9. Women’s being is made by civil law inferior to their husband, which has a debasing and _____ effect upon them, teaching them practically the fatal lesson to look unto man for protection and indulgence. A.mischievous B.embarrassing C.disillusions D.mounting 10. I think there are a lot of ____ to be tackled before the contract can be signed. A.routines B.psyches C.plasticity D.hurdles 11. The laws and theories of science do not represent” ultimate truth”:they areconsidered valid only ______ no contrary evidence comes to light. A.whenever B.as soon as C.even if D.as long as 12. The most careful observations,the most elaborate calculations will not be fruitful ____ the right questions are asked. A.whenever B.no matter C.unless D.regarding 13. Never ____ horses while crossing the stream. A.Beat B.hurt C.swap D.plumb 14. He has a _____ leg for having suffered from serious bone fractures when he was a little boy. A.bum B.crippled C.hurt D.lamb 15. No one will get stuck with more work if we quickly find a _____! Now ,help me outline the requirements for a job ad. A.staff B.replacement C.personnel D.candidate 16. Like other great Russian composers, Tschaikovsky arrived at music by a ______ route,almost by accident. A.direct B.winding C. Accidental D.circuitous 17. General manager Michael Holmes is very risk-averse and strangely _____ in the transfer-market. A.imprudent B.parsimonious C.audacious D.courageous 18. The working principle of watermills on the Yellow River is to_____ natural forces and resources. A.harness B.avail C.adopt D.control 19. In China, BBC has ____ Sina.com to provide English learners with similar opportunities so that they can learn English while traveling to work. A.hand in hand with B.teamed up with C.mingled with D.coupled with 20. His election is a ______ for years of loyal work. A.pension B.bonus C.payoff D.profit 这就意味着， 消费者希望花更少的钱来享受更多的动能，因此数码相机厂商不断 完善自己的产品。IDC 公司说“这就使资本主义用更低的价格来获得更多的选 票的荒谬理念” 你也许会说这是破坏性创新，我们要看看有多少相机厂商能够生 存下去。