邵理阳_百度百科
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邵理阳，博士，西南交通大学教授，硕士生导师。2008年获取浙江大学光电系光学工程博士学位。年，先后在深圳昂纳光通信有限公司和杭州聚光科技有限公司任研发工程师。博士期间曾获浙江大学-香港理工大学联合培养项目资助，在香港理工大学合作研究两年（）。博士毕业后先后在加拿大卡尔顿大学（）、澳大利亚悉尼大学（2012澳大利亚政府奋进奖学金计划）、香港理工大学（）从事博士后研究工作。2013年加入西南交通大学信息科学与技术学院，信息光子与通信研究中心。近年来主持国家科技部国际合作专项、国家自然科学基金等多项国家级省部级科研项目。在国际主要期刊及会议上发表学术论文共80多篇（第一作者31篇），其中SCI 收录49篇，一篇国际杂志特邀综述文章（Laser& Photonics Rev 影响因子：7.976）和多次国际会议特邀报告，论文被引用1100多次（其中SCI他引363次），拥有3项中国发明专利；研究成果“微型光纤矢量倾斜仪”被Nature Photonics（影响因子：29.278）作为研究亮点转载报导。长期担任多个国际会议技术委员会委员和本领域国际著名SCI期刊Opt. Lett., Opt. Express, J. Lightwave Technol., Photon. Technol. Lett.等在内的10多种期刊的审稿人。[1]
邵理阳，博士，教授。分别于2001年和2008年在浙江大学光电系获光学工程专业学士和博士学位。年，先后在深圳昂纳光通信有限公司和杭州聚光科技有限公司任研发工程师。博士期间曾获浙江大学-香港理工大学联合培养项目资助，在香港理工大学合作研究两年（）。博士毕业后，先后在加拿大卡尔顿大学（）、澳大利亚悉尼大学（2012澳大利亚政府奋进奖学金计划）、香港理工大学（）从事博士后研究工作。
2013年加入西南交通大学信息科学与技术学院，信息光子与通信研究中心。主要研究方向有光纤传感技术、光纤光栅的制作与应用、光纤激光器、光子晶体光纤器件、分子自组装光学器件、微纳光纤器件及传感等。目前已在国际主要期刊及会议上发表学术论文共100多篇（第一作者31篇），其中SCI收录68篇，1篇国际杂志特邀综述文章（Laser&Photonics Reviews影响因子：7.796）和4次国际会议特邀报告，论文被他人引用1200多次（其中SCI引用650多次），拥有3项中国发明专利；研究成果“微型光纤矢量倾斜仪”被Nature Photonic（影响因子：29.278）作为研究亮点转载报导。
长期担任多个国际会议技术委员会委员和本领域国际著名SCI期刊Opt.Lett.,Opt.Express,J.Lightwave Technol., Photon. Technol. Lett.等在内的10多种期刊的审稿人。
2014年度入选西南交通大学“扬华之星”人才计划和四川省“千人计划”。2015年入选中组部“青年千人计划”。
现主要研究方向：
(1) 光纤传感技术
(2）光纤光栅的制作与应用
(3) 光纤激光器
(4) 光子晶体光纤器件
(5) 分子自组装光学器件
(6) 微纳光纤器件及传感
(7) 物联网技术[2]
主持及参与项目：
国家自然科学基金项目：“于微结构光纤的新型功能器件及传感应用研究”，8.12，批准号:，主持；
科技部国际合作专项:“轨道线路安全监测的光纤传感技术研究”，7.3,项目号：2014DFA11170,主持；
国家自然科学基金项目：“倾斜光纤光栅表面等离子体共振氢气传感器研究”，3.12，批准号：，主持；
香港理工大学研究基金项目：“Fiber Optic Hydrogen Sensor based on Surface Plasmon Resonance”，　　批准号：G-YX5C,3.08,主持；
加拿大工业合作项目:“Pressure-Temperature Sensors for Downhole Oil and Gas Applications”,，主研；
浙江省自然科学基金杰出青年团队项目（董新永研究团队，编号：R1080087)，第三项目承担人；
国家自然科学基金项目：“光纤光栅生化探针及应用研究”，9.12，批准号：，主研；
香港理工大学研究基金项目：“Optical Bioprobes Based on Fibre Grating Technology”，　　批准号：G-U263, 8.06,主持；
香港理工大学研究基金项目：“Development of Optical Bioprobes Based on Long-period Fiber Gratings”，　　批准号：G-U224,7.08,主研； [3]
学术论文期刊论文：
[J68]Y.Guo,L.Yan,W.Pan,andL. Shao,&Scatteringengineeringincontinuouslyshapedmetasurface:Anapproach 　　forelectromagneticillusion,&ScientificReports6,). 　　[J67]J.Zhao,B.Luo,W.Pan,L.Yan,L. Shao,X.Zou,J.Ye,H.Zhu,andZ.Chen,&CharacterizationofaFMactively 　　mode-lockedfiberopticalparametricoscillator,&JOSAB33,16). 　　[J66]P.Wang,K.Xie,R.Chen,L. Shao*,L.Yan,H.Liu,andM.Zhang,&TestVerificationandApplicationofa 　　LongitudinalTemperatureForceTestingMethodforLongSeamlessRailsUsingFBGStrainSensor,& 　　JournalofSensors(2016). 　　[J65]H.He,L.Y. Shao*,Z.Li,Z.Zhang,X.Zou,B.Luo,W.Pan,andL.Yan,&Self-MixingDemodulationforCoherent 　　Phase-SensitiveOTDRSystem,&Sensors16,681(2016).
[J64] H. He,L.Y. Shao*, B. Luo, Z. Li, X. Zou, Z. Zhang, W. Pan, and L. Yan, &Multiple vibrations measurement using phase-sensitive OTDRmerged with Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on frequency division multiplexing,& Optics
Express 24,
[J63] Z. Li, L. Yan,L. Shao*, W. Pan, B. Luo, J. Liang, and H. He, &Coherent BOTDA Sensor With Single-Sideband
Modulated Probe Light,&IEEE Photonics Journal 8, 1-8 (2016).
[J62] Z. Li, L. Yan,L. Shao*, W. Pan, B. Luo, J. Liang, H. He, and Y. Zhang, &Precise Brillouin gain and phase spectra measurementsincoherent BOTDAsensor with phase fluctuation cancellation,& Optics Express 24,
[J61] X. Zou, X. Liu, W. Li, P. Li, W. Pan, L. Yan, andL. Shao, &Optoelectronic Oscillators (OEOs) to Sensing,
Measurement, and Detection,&IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS 52, 16).
[J60] P. Wang, K. Xie,L. Shao*, L. Yan, J. Xu, and R. Chen, &Longitudinal force measurement in continuous welded
rail with bi-directional FBGstrain sensors,&Smart Materials and Structures 25, 15).
[J59] X. Zou, W. Li, B. Lu, W. Pan, L. Yan, andL. Shao, &Photonic approach to wide-frequency-range high-resolution microwave/millimeter-wave Doppler frequency shift estimation,& Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE
Transactions on 63,
[J58] Y. Xing, X. Zou, W. Pan, L. Yan, B. Luo, andL. Shao, &Analysis of stationary power/amplitude distributions
for multiple channels ofsampled FBGs,&Applied Optics 54,
[J57] Z. Li, L. Yan,L. Shao, W. Pan, and B. Luo, &Enhanced performance in coherent BOTDA sensor with reduced
effect of chromaticdispersion,& OpticsExpress 23,
[J56] Z. Li, L. Yan,L. Shao, W. Pan, and B. Luo, “Coherent BOTDA sensor with intensity modulated local light and IQ demodulation”,Opt.Express, vol. 23,no. 12, pp.
[J55]L.-Y. Shao, Y. Luo, Z. Zhang, X. Zou, B. Luo, W. Pan, and L. Yan, &Sensitivity-enhanced temperature sensor with cascaded fiber opticSagnacinterferometers based on Vernier-effect,& Optics Communications 336, 73-76 (2015).
[J54] Z.-L. Li, L.-S. Yan, Y.-L. Peng, W. Pan, B. Luo,L.-Y. Shao,&Enhanced Phase Stability in Passive Analog Photonic
Links withCoherentRayleigh Noise Reduction,& Opt. Express, vol. 23, no. 5, pp., (2015).
[J53] K. Yu, C. Wu, M. Sun, C. Lu, H.-Y. Tam, Y. Zhao, andL.-Y. Shao, &Fiber laser sensor for simultaneously axial
strain and transverse loaddetection,&Measurement 62, 137-141(2015).
[J52] X. Zou, M. Li, W. Pan, B. Luo, L. Yan, andL.-Y. Shao,&Optical length change measurement via RF frequency shift analysis ofincoherentlight source based optoelectronic oscillator,& Optics Express 22,
[J51] Z. Li, L. Yan, Y. Peng, W. Pan, B. Luo, andL.-Y. Shao, &Phase fluctuation cancellation of anonymous microwave
signal transmissioninpassive systems,&Optics Express 22,
[J50]L.Y. Shao,J. Canning, T. Wang, K. Cook, and H. Y. Tam, &Viscosity of silica optical fibres characterized using
regenerated gratings,&Acta Materialia 61, (2013).
[J49]L.Y. Shao, M.J. Yin, H.-Y. Tam, J. Albert, “Fiber Optic pH Sensor with Self-Assembled Polymer Multilayer
Nanocoatings”, Sensors 13,13).
[J48] J. Zheng, X. Dong, P. Zu,L.Y. Shao, C. C. Chan, Y. Cui, and P. P. Shum, &Magnetic field sensor using tilted
fiber grating interacting with magnetic fluid,&Optics Express 21,
[J47] Y. Zheng, X. Dong, C. Zhao, Y. Li,L.Y. Shao, and S. Jin, &Relative Humidity Sensor Based on Microfiber Loop Resonator,& Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 13).
[J46]T. Wang,L.Y. Shao, J. Canning, and K. Cook,&Regeneration of fiber Bragg gratings under strain,& Appl.
[J45] M. Yin, C. Wu,L.Y. Shao, W. K. E. Chan, A. P. Zhang, C. Lu, and H. Tam, &Label-free, disposable fiber-optic
biosensor for DNA hybridization detection,& Analyst (2013).
[J44]J. Albert,L.Y. Shao, and C. Caucheteur, “Tilted Fiber Bragg Gratings Sensors,” Laser & Photonics Reviews7,
83-108 (2013).(Invited Review Paper)
[J43] T. Wang,L.Y. Shao, J. Canning, and K. Cook, &Temperature and strain characterization of regenerated gratings,&
Opt. Lett. 38, 247-249(2013).
[J42] X. Dong, L. Hu,L.Y. Shao, Y. Wang, and J. Zheng, &Temperature-insensitive 2D fiber Bragg grating TILT sensor,& Microwave and Optical TechnologyLetters 55, 344-346 (2013).
[J41]L.Y. Shao, T. Wang, J. Canning, K. Cook, and H.-Y. Tam, &Bulk regeneration of optical fiber Bragg gratings,&
Appl. Opt. 51, 12).
[J40] K. Cook,L.Y. Shao, and J. Canning, &Regeneration and helium: regenerating Bragg gratings in helium-loaded
germanosilicate optical fibre,& Opt. Mater.Express2,
[J39] W. Zhou, Y. Zhou, X. Dong,L.Y. Shao, J. Cheng, and A. Jacques, &Fiber-Optic Curvature Sensor Based on
Cladding-Mode Bragg Grating Excited by Fiber Multimode Interferometer,& IEEE Photon. J. 4,
[J38]L.Y. Shao,M. B. Jakubinek, T. Sun, B. Simard and J. Albert, “Four-wave mixing in carbon nanotube-coated
optical fiber gratings,”Applied Physics Letters100, 103 (2012).
[J37]X.Y. Dong, Y. Liu,L.Y. Shao, J. Kang, and C. L. Zhao, “Temperature-Independent Fiber Bending Sensor
Based on a Superimposed Grating,”IEEE Sensors Journal, vol.11, no.11, pp., Nov. 2011.
[J36]Y. Zhou, W. Zhou, C. C. Chan, W. C. Wong,L.Y. Shao, J. Cheng, and X. Dong, “Simultaneous measurement of
curvature andtemperature based on PCF-based interferometer and fiber Bragg grating,”Optics Communications
284, , September 2011.
[J35]W. Zhou, W. C. Wong, C. C. Chan,L.Y. Shao, and X. Dong, “Highly sensitive fiber loop ringdown strain sensor
using photonic crystal fiberinterferometer,”Appl. Opt.50, , July 2011.
[J34]L.Y. Shao, J. P. Coyle, S. T. Barry, and J. Albert, “Anomalous permittivity and plasmon resonances of copper nanoparticle conformal coatings on optical fibers,”Opt. Mater. Express1, 128-137, May 2011.
[J33] W. J. Zhou, X. Y. Dong,L.Y. Shao, C. C. Chan, C. L. Zhao, and P. Shum, “Compact refractometer based on
extrinsic-phase-shift fiber Bragg grating,”Sensors and Actuators A-Physical168, 46-50, 2011.
[J32]L.Y. Shaoand J. Albert, “Lateral force sensor based on a core-offset tilted fiber Bragg grating,”Optics Communications,
284 (7),, April 2011.
[J31] M. Li,L.Y. Shao, J. Albert and J. P. Yao, “Tilted fiber Bragg grating for chirped microwave waveform generation,”
IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.23, 314-316 (2011).
[J30] M. Li,L.Y. Shao, J. Albert and J. P. Yao, “Continuously tunable photonic fractional temporal differentiator based
on a tilted fiber Bragg grating,”IEEE Photonics Technology Letters23 (4), 251-253, Feb 2011.
[J29] C. Caucheteur, Y. Shevchenko,L.Y. Shao, M. Wuilpart, and J. Albert, “High resolution interrogation of tilted fiber
grating SPR sensors from polarization properties measurement,”Opt. Express19(2), , Jan 2011.
[J28]L.Y. Shao, Q. Jiang, and J. Albert, “Fiber optic pressure sensing with conforming elastomers”,Applied Optics,
Vol. 49, Iss. 35, pp., 10 December 2010.
[J27]H. L. Bao, X.Y. Dong,L.Y. Shao,C.-L. Zhao, S.Z. Jin, “Temperature-insensitive 2-D tilt sensor by incorporating
fiber Bragg gratings with a hybridpendulum”,Optics Communications, Volume 283, Issue 24, Pages , 15 December 2010.
[J26]L.Y. Shao, L.Y. Xiong, C. K. Chen, A. Laronche, J. Albert, “Directional Bend Sensor Based on Re-grown Tilted
Fiber BraggGrating,”Journal ofLightwave Technology, vol.28, no.18, pp., Sept.15, 2010.
[J25] L.Li, X. Y. Dong,L.Y. Shao, C. L. Zhao, and Y. L. Sun. “Temperature-independent acceleration measurement
with a strain-chirped fiber Bragg grating”,Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials-Rapid Communications4(7):
943-946, July 2010.[4]
[C17] T. Guo,L.Y. Shao, H. Y. Au, et al.“Tilted fiber Bragg grating-based accelerometer”,International Conference on Optical Fibre Sensors(OFS-20),Edinburgh,UK,Paper ID:(Proc.of SPIE Vol.,Oct 05-09,2009).
[C16] T. Guo,L.Y. Shao, H. Tam, and J. Albert, &Highly Sensitive Fiber-Optic Accelerometer Based on an Offset Tilted
Fiber Bragg Grating,&in Asia Communications and Photonics Conference and Exhibition, Technical Digest (CD)
(Optical Society of America, 2009),paper TuFF1.
[C15]L.Y. Shao,S.-T.Lau,X.Y. Dong, et al,“High-frequency ultrasound measurement using fiber grating laser hydrophone”,
Asia-Pacific Optical Communications 2008(APOC’08), Hangzhou, ID:
(Proc. SPIE Vol. U,
Nov. 11, 2008).
[C14] J. Sun, C. C. Chan, Y. F. Zhang, L. T. Zheng, H. L. Ho, X. Y. Dong, andL. Y. Shao,“Glucose optical biosensor
with sol-gel-coated long-period gratings”,Asia-Pacific Optical Communications 2008(APOC’08), Hangzhou,
(Proc. SPIE Vol. ,Nov. 11, 2008).
[C13] Y.F. Zhang, C.C. Chan, J.Sun,L.T. Zheng, H.L. Ho, X.Y. Dong, andL. Y. Shao, “Long period grating glucose
sensor based on sol-gel entrapment technique”,International Conference on Advanced Infocomm Technology,
Shenzhen, China, 28-31 July, 2008.
[C12]L.Y. Shao, X. Dong, and H. Y. Tam, “Simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature with polarimetric
DBR fiber laser sensor,”International Conference on Advanced Infocomm Technology, Shenzhen, China, 28-31
July,2008.
[C11] J.F. Ding,L.Y. Shao, H. Su, S. C. Ruan, “A highly sensitive refractive-index sensor based on the long-period
grating pair with a fiber-taper in-between”,International Conference on Advanced Infocomm Technology,
Shenzhen, China, 28-31 July, 2008.
[C10] X. Dong,L.Y. Shao, H.-Y. Tam et al, “Hybrid fiber grating-based optical comb filters”,International Conference
on Advanced Infocomm Technology, Shenzhen, China, 28-31 July, 2008.
[C9] K. S. Tsang, R. Man,L.Y. Shao, H. Y. Tam, C. Lu, P. K. A. Wai, “Single-frequency single polarization fiber ring
laser at 1053 nm,”OECC/ACOFT 2008,Australia,(Proceedings of OECC/ACOFT 2008, Vol 1 and 2, pp.508-509,2008.
[C8]L.Y. Shao, J. Zhao, X. Dong, et al. “Long-period grating fabricated using resistive filament heating”,International Conference on Optical Fibre Sensors (OFS-19), Australia, paper ID: 08.
[C7]X. Dong,L.Y. Shao, H. Y. Fu,etal.“FBG sensor interrogation based on RF signal measurement”,International
Conference on Optical Fibre Sensors (OFS-19), Pirth, Western Australia, April 14-18, 2008.
[C6]L.Y. Shao, H.Y. Tam, A. P. Zhang,et al.“Multimode-Fiber Taper Interposed Fiber-Bragg Grating Refractometer
for Simultaneous Refractive Index and Temperature Measurement”,the 8th IEEE Hong Kong LEOS Postgraduate Conference in Hong Kong,China,Dec 2007.
[C5] C. Gu, L. Xu, W. H. Chung,L.Y. Shao,et al.“Gain switching of an Yb-doped DFB fiber laser”,Optoelectronic
Devices and Integration II,Beijing, China, 12 November, 2007 ( Proc. SPIE, Vol. , 2007).
[C4]L.Y. Shao, X. Dong, and H.-Y. Tam, “Transverse-load sensor based on a distributed Bragg reflector fiber laser”,
Asia Optical Fiber Communication & Optoelectronic Exposition(AOE),p.136-138,Shanghai,China,Oct.17-19,2007.
[C3]L.Y. Shao, S.-T. Lau, X. Dong,et al.“Ultrasonic hydrophone based on etched distributed-Bragg-reflector fiber laser”,
12th Optoelectronics and Communications Conference/16th International Conference on Integrated Optics and
Optical Fiber Communication(OECC/IOOC2007),Session No. 13C3-3, Paper ID: 111，
Yokohama, Japan, July 9-13, 2007.
[C2]L.Y. Shao, A. P. Zhang, J. H. Yan,et al.“Discrimination between refractive index and temperature by using a
sandwiched structure oflong-period gratings”,Asia-Pacific Optical Communications 2005 (APOC’05), Shanghai,
ID: 6019-65 (Proceedings of SPIE,Vol. 6019, pp.691S.8, 2005).
[C1]J. H. Yan, A. P. Zhang,L. Y. Shao,et al.“Broadband WDM filter based on an improved long-period grating pair”,
Asia-Pacific Optical Communications 2005(APOC’05), Shanghai, ID: 6019-78 (Proceedings of SPIE, Vol. 6019, pp.-, 2005).
&&2015年入选中组部“青年千人计划”
&&2014年入选四川省组织部“四川省千人计划”
&&2014年 入选西南交通大学“扬华之星”人才计划
&&2012年 澳大利亚教育部“奋进学者奖”
Teachers-教师
Professors: Wei Pan(潘炜)、Bin Luo(罗斌)、Lianshan Yan(闫连山)、Xihua Zou（邹喜华）、Zhiyong Zhang(张志勇)、
XinpuZhang(张信普)
Graduates-研究生
Ph.D Candidates: Haijun He（何海军）、Zonglei Li(李宗雷)、HengQian(钱恒)、JiaweiLiang(梁家伟)
Master students:
Grade-2014: Yunpeng Zhang(张云鹏)、Meng Zhang（张萌）
Grade-2015: Zhongyu Li(李忠玉)、Yong Liu（刘勇）、Peng Wang（王鹏）、Jingguo Yang（杨经国）、
Xiaoqiang Zhang（张小强）
Grade-2016:WeiCheng(程炜)、JiannanGuo(郭建南)、ZheLiu(刘哲)、JingmingShi(史镜名)
Grade-2012: Jun Liao(廖俊)、Gaopan Sun(孙高盼)、Hanbin Chen（陈韩彬）
Grade-2013: Yuan Luo(罗源)、Weiwei Huang(黄微卫)、Mengfang Zhu(朱梦芳)[5]
．西南交通大学教授，硕士生导师[引用日期]
．西南交大[引用日期]
．西南交大[引用日期]
．西南交大[引用日期]
．xnjd [引用日期]
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Kit?b al-ridda wa?l-fut?h and Kit?b al-jamal wa mas?r ??? isha wa ?Al?: A Critical Edition of the Fragments Preserved in the University Library of Imam Muhammad Ibn Sa?ūd Islamic University in Riyadh Sa?udi Arabia
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hReview is a simple, open, distributed format, suitable for embedding reviews (of products, services, businesses, events, etc.) in HTML, XHTML, Atom, RSS, and arbitrary XML. hReview is one of several
open standards.
Want to get started with writing an hReview?
to write a review and publish it.
statements apply.
hReview 0.4 is a microformats.org draft specification. Public discussion on hReview takes place on , the #microformats
channel on irc.freenode.net, and .
The English version of this specification is the only normative version. For translations of this document see the
Known errors and issues in this specification are corrected in
issues. Please check there before reporting .
The hReview 0.4 update is currently under development and incorporates known errata corrections as well as the .
Numerous web sites publish reviews using a broad variety of schema for all sorts of things from products (movies, music, books), to businesses (restaurants, hotels, stores), to events (concerts, theatre), to people (artists, leaders, celebrities), to places (landmarks, parks), to online resources (web pages, files), to reviews of reviews themselves.
In order to enable and encourage the sharing, distribution, syndication, and aggregation, of reviews, the authors propose the hReview microformat, an open standard for distributed reviews.
The authors have researched both numerous
in the wild and earlier attempts at , and have designed hReview around a simple minimal schema for reviews.
Feedback is encouraged on the
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in .
Reviews consistently share several common aspects.
Where possible hReview has been based on this minimal common subset.
Portions of reviews that are specific to particular kinds of items have been omitted from hReview.
It is important that hReview be kept simple and minimal from the start.
Additional features can be added as deemed necessary by practical implementation experience.
The concept of a "universal object identifier", that is, how to identify the same object/item/product across different shopping sites, though something very useful to have, is outside the scope of this format.
The hReview format is based on a set of properties common to numerous review sites and formats in use today on the web.
Where possible property names have been chosen based on those defined by the related
standards.
The hReview schema consists of the following:
hReview (hreview)
summary. optional. text.
item type. optional. product | business | event | person | place | website | url.
item info. required. fn (url || photo ) |
(for person or business) |
(for event)
reviewer. optional. .
dtreviewed. optional. ISO8601 absolute date or date time. Use
if necessary especially for . ()
rating. optional. fixed point integer [1.0-5.0], with optional alternate worst (default:1.0) and/or best (default:5.0), also fixed point integers, and explicit value.
description. optional. text with optional valid HTML markup.
tags. optional. keywords or phrases, using , each with optional rating.
permalink. optional, using
license. optional, using .
Details of the hReview properties:
summary:: This optional property serves as a short synopsis, title, or name of the review. Re-used from
which re-uses it from iCalendar (section 4.8.1.12 of ).
type:: This optional property provides the type of the item being reviewed, one of the following: product, business, place, person, event, website, url.
If omitted, then in some cases the item type may be inferred.
If the item is also an , then the item type is a "business", "place", or a "person" based upon which of those the hCard represents.
If the item is also an
event, then the item type is an "event".
item:: This required property MUST have at a minimum the name (using the subproperty "fn" - the formatted text corresponding to the name, except for an event item which MUST have the "summary" subproperty inside the respective hCalendar "vevent") of the item (an hReview describes only one item), SHOULD provide at least one URI ("url") for the item, and MAY provide at least one URL to a photo or depiction ("photo") of the item.
For items of type person or business, the item info (fn, url, photo) MUST be encapsulated in an .
For items of type event, the item info SHOULD be encapsulated in an
Non-URL unique item IDs (e.g. ISBNs, UPCs) MAY be represented as a URN ("url") for the item.
Encapsulated microformats (e.g.
events for now) may be set on the item itself (e.g. class="item vcard").
However, when using item info subproperties ("fn", "url", "photo"), they MUST be nested inside the item element.
reviewer:: The optional property specifies the person who authored the review.
If the reviewer is specified, an hCard representing the reviewer MUST be provided.
For anonymous reviews, use "anonymous" (without quotes) for the full name of the reviewer.
If no "reviewer" is found inside the hReview, parsers SHOULD look outside the hReview, in the context of the page, for the "reviewer". If there is no "reviewer" outside either, then parsers SHOULD use the author defined by the containing document language, e.g. for HTML documents, the &address& contact info for the page (which is ideally marked up as an
as well), for Atom 1.0 the &entry& &author& if present and if not the &feed& &author&, for RSS the &author& inside the containing &item& element.
dtreviewed:: This optional property when present MUST provide an
absolute date or date time of when the review was written or otherwise authored ().
This property must use the
if necessary (e.g. for , SHOULD use UTC, but MAY use the time zone offset syntax.
If dtreviewed is absent from the hReview, then look outside the hReview, in the surrounding context.
If the context is an
entry, use its "published" (or "updated" if that is missing) datetime as the dtreviewed, if not present on the entry, use the "published" (or "updated" if that is missing) of the feed.
Otherwise use the creation date (or modified date if that is missing) information according to the containing document language (e.g. "published"/"updated" similarly for Atom feeds), then protocol (e.g. HTTP Last-Modified, or file system last modified datetime) as the dtreviewed.
rating:: The rating is a fixed point integer (one decimal point of precision) from 1.0 to 5.0 inclusive indicating a rating for the item, higher indicating a better rating by default. Optionally a different integral "worst" value and/or "best" value MAY be specified to indicate a different range (e.g. 6 from 0-10).
The "best" value may be numerically smaller than the "worst" value.
description:: This optional property serves as a more detailed synopsis of the review (i.e. full text representing the written opinion of the reviewer) than that provided by summary.
The property MAY include valid HTML markup (e.g. paragraphs).
User agents SHOULD preserve any markup. Multiple descriptions or section descriptions (e.g. pros and cons, pluses and minuses) SHOULD be included in the description property.
tags:: Tags are represented using a list of keywords or phrases (using the
microformat for each individual keyword or phrase tag) that the reviewer associates with the item.
The reviewer MAY optionally provide a tag-specific rating inside each , e.g. ambiance:5. Tag-specific ratings by default use the same range as an overall rating for the item if present, and MAY also have a custom worst...best range specified.
Authors MAY also invert this structure for the same semantic if it is more convenient for their markup, that is, place the
inside a rating to indicate a rated tag.
Note: rated tags SHOULD ideally use a tag space that explains what the ratings for that tag mean. E.g. Food:18/30 SHOULD link to a tags space for Food that explains what an 18 out of 30 means for the Food tag.
permalink:: This optional property is a URL for the hReview.
In addition to using the &a href& tag for this property, the attribute rel="self bookmark" MUST be used to indicate that the hyperlink is a permalink for the review itself.
If the hyperlink already contains a rel attribute, then the values self and bookmark MUST be included among the space-separated set of values in the attribute.
Indexers MAY treat the permalink of a review as a unique ID in order to identify and collate the same review from multiple sources (such as indexing a page multiple times).
The permalink MAY also be used to indicate or imply the origin of the review. Authors MAY use the classname of "permalink" on the element representing the permalink.
license:: an hReview indicates the license for its contents using the
microformat.
The following property names have been reused from the
microformats: summary, fn, url, photo, description.
In addition, items and reviewers described by hCards MAY contain any hCard property.
The rel value "self" has been reused from the .
For some properties there is a more semantic equivalent, and therefore they get special treatment, e.g.:
For any "url", use &a class="url" href="..."&...&/a& inside the element with the class name 'hreview' in hReview.
And for "photo", use &img class="photo" src="..." alt="Photo of ..." /&
Ratings are often presented either as a set of images or characters, e.g. "***".
For these, the &abbr& element is particularly useful, as such characters are an abbreviation for the precise rating, e.g. &abbr class="rating" title="3.0"&***&/abbr&.
This is further explored in the next section.
To explicitly convey the natural language that an hReview is written in, use the standard HTML 'lang' attribute on the element with class="hreview", e.g. &div class="hreview" lang="en"& ... &/div& If portions of an hReview (e.g. the item name) are in a different language, use the 'lang' attribute on those portions.
hReview processors which need to handle the language of reviews MUST process the standard HTML 'lang' attribute as specified.
If an &abbr& element is used for a property, then its 'title' attribute is used for the value of the property, instead of the contents of the element, which can then be used to provide a user-friendly alternate presentation of the value.
Similarly, if an &img /& element is used for one or more properties, it MUST be treated as follows:
For the "photo" property and any other property that takes a URL as its value, the src="..." attribute provides the property value.
For other properties, the &img /& element's 'alt' attribute is the value of the property.
hReview 0.4 includes support for the .
Often a single page lists an item, and then several reviews for that item.
In order to avoid having to repeat the item info for each review of the item, the first review should be marked up as an hReview, with a unique "id" attribute on the item info, and then following reviews should use the object
to include the item info from the first review.
This section is informative.
By marking up a review with the hReview microformat, the expectation is communicated that the review MAY be indexed.
This has no impact on the copyright of the review itself which the publisher may explicitly specify using
as specified above.
The enumerated list of item types is under development and may be extended.
Additional details about a particular item should be specified with the rest of the item's info at the URL provided for the item.
Most rating systems use the range 1.0 to 5.0, and most of those represent the rating as a number (and possibly half) of stars.
Sites may use whatever graphic they wish to represent the rating.
Here are a few examples of reviews from current web sites, and how they could be easily enhanced to support the hReview structured review microformat.
Want to get started with writing an hReview?
to write a review and publish it on your blog.
Here is an example of a simple online restaurant review:
&span&5 stars out of 5 stars&/span&
&h4&Crepes on Cole is awesome&/h4&
&span&Reviewer: &span&Tantek&/span& - April 18, 2005&/span&
&blockquote&&p&
Crepes on Cole is one of the best little creperies in San Francisco.
Excellent food and service. Plenty of tables in a variety of sizes
for parties large and small.
Window seating makes for excellent
people watching to/from the N-Judah which stops right outside.
I've had many fun social gatherings here, as well as gotten
plenty of work done thanks to neighborhood WiFi.
&/p&&/blockquote&
&p&Visit date: &span&April 2005&/span&&/p&
&p&Food eaten: &span&Florentine crepe&/span&&/p&
Adding hReview to this review is quite simple:
&div class=&hreview&&
&span&&span class=&rating&&5&/span& out of 5 stars&/span&
&h4 class=&summary&&Crepes on Cole is awesome&/h4&
&span class=&reviewer vcard&&Reviewer: &span class=&fn&&Tantek&/span& -
&abbr class=&dtreviewed& title=&&&April 18, 2005&/abbr&&/span&
&div class=&description item vcard&&&p&
&span class=&fn org&&Crepes on Cole&/span& is one of the best little
creperies in &span class=&adr&&&span class=&locality&&San Francisco&/span&&/span&.
Excellent food and service. Plenty of tables in a variety of sizes
for parties large and small.
Window seating makes for excellent
people watching to/from the N-Judah which stops right outside.
I've had many fun social gatherings here, as well as gotten
plenty of work done thanks to neighborhood WiFi.
&/p&&/div&
&p&Visit date: &span&April 2005&/span&&/p&
&p&Food eaten: &span&Florentine crepe&/span&&/p&
Note that some of the properties of this sample review are not captured by hReview (visit date, food eaten).
This is deliberate per the scope of keeping hReview minimal and simple.
This sample hReview could be rendered like this:
5 stars out of 5 stars
Crepes on Cole is awesome
Reviewer: Tantek - April 18, 2005
Crepes on Cole is one of the best little creperies in San Francisco. Excellent food and service. Plenty of tables in a variety of sizes for parties large and small.
Window seating makes for excellent people watching to/from the N-Judah which stops right outside. I've had many fun social gatherings here, as well as gotten plenty of work done thanks to neighborhood wifi.
Visit date: April 2005
Food eaten: Florentine crepe
Some restaurant reviews indicate ratings for different aspects of the restaurant.
Such details are represented in hReview using tagged ratings.
In addition, note the inline tags inside the description of this review.
Here is one such review in text format:
Cafe Borrone
1010 El Camino Real, Menlo Park, CA 94025, +1-650-327-0830;
Food: 18/30; Ambience: 19/30; Service: 15/30; Price: $$...
This cafe is a welcoming oasis on the Peninsula.
It even has a fountain
outside which cloaks the nearby sounds of El Camino traffic.
Next door to a
superb indy bookstore, Cafe Borrone is an ideal spot to grab a coffee or a
snack to accompany a newly purchased book or imported periodical.
sandwich specials rotate daily.
The corn chowder with croutons and big
chunks of cheese goes especially well with a freshly toasted mini-baguette.
Evenings are often crowded and may require sharing a table with a perfect
Espresso afficionados will appreciate the Illy coffee.
levels can vary from peaceful in the late mornings to nearly overwhelming on
jazz band nights.
As an hReview:
&div class=&hreview&&
&div class=&item vcard&&
&div class=&fn org summary&&Cafe Borrone&/div&
&span class=&adr&&
&span class=&street-address&&1010 El Camino Real&/span&,
&span class=&locality&&Menlo Park&/span&,
&span class=&region&&CA&/span&
&span class=&postal-code&&94025&/span&,
&span class=&tel&&+1-650-327-0830&/span&;
&a class=&url& href=&&&</&/a&
&li class=&rating&&&a href=&http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food& rel=&tag&&
Food: &span class=&value&&18&/span&/&span class=&best&&30&/span&&/a&;&/li&
&li class=&rating&&&a href=&/photos/tags/Ambience& rel=&tag&&
Ambience: &span class=&value&&19&/span&/&span class=&best&&30&/span&&/a&;&/li&
&li class=&rating&&&a href=&http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service& rel=&tag&&
Service: &span class=&value&&15&/span&/&span class=&best&&30&/span&&/a&;&/li&
&li class=&rating&&&a href=&http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price& rel=&tag&&
Price: &abbr class=&value& title=&2&&$$&/abbr&...&/a&&/li&
&div class=&description&&&p&
This &abbr class=&type& title=&business&&
&a href=&http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cafe& rel=&tag&&cafe&/a&&/abbr&
is a welcoming oasis on the Peninsula.
It even has a fountain outside which nearly eliminates
the sounds of El Camino traffic.
Next door to a superb indy bookstore,
Cafe Borrone is an ideal spot to grab a
&a href=&http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/coffee& rel=&tag&&coffee&/a&
or a meal to accompany a newly purchased book or imported periodical.
&a href=&/tag/soup& rel=&tag&&Soups&/a& and
&a href=&/tag/sandwich& rel=&tag&&sandwich&/a&
specials rotate daily.
The corn chowder with croutons and big chunks of cheese
goes especially well with a freshly toasted mini-baguette.
Evenings are
often crowded and may require sharing a table with a perfect stranger.
&a href=&/photos/tags/espresso& rel=&tag&&Espresso&/a&
afficionados will appreciate the
&a href=&http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illy& rel=&tag&&Illy&/a& coffee.
Noise levels can vary from peaceful in the late mornings to nearly overwhelming on
&a href=&http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/jazz& rel=&tag&&jazz&/a& band nights.
&/p&&/div&
&a href=&http://microformats.org/wiki/hreview&&hReview&/a&
by &span class=&reviewer vcard&&&span class=&fn&&anonymous&/span&&/span&,
&abbr class=&dtreviewed& title=&&&April 28th, 2005&/abbr&.
With an accompanying CSS style sheet like:
a.url { display:block }
ul { margin:1em 0; padding:0 }
ul li { display:inline }
This hReview could be presented similar to the original text:
Cafe Borrone
1010 El Camino Real, Menlo Park, CA 94025, +1-650-327-0830;
is a welcoming oasis on the Peninsula.
It even has a fountain outside which cloaks the nearby sounds of El Camino traffic.
Next door to a superb indy bookstore, Cafe Borrone is an ideal spot to grab a
or a snack to accompany a newly purchased book or imported periodical.
specials rotate daily.
The corn chowder with croutons and big chunks of cheese goes especially well with a freshly toasted mini-baguette.
Evenings are often crowded and may require sharing a table with a perfect stranger.
afficionados will appreciate the
Noise levels can vary from peaceful in the late mornings to nearly overwhelming on
band nights.
by anonymous, April 28th, 2005.
Here is an example of a product review:
&a href=&/exec/obidos/ASIN/B000089CJI/&&
&img src=&/images/P/B000089CJI.01._SCTHUMBZZZ_.jpg&
alt=&Album cover photo: The Postal Service: Give Up.& /&
The Postal Service: Give Up&/a&
&blockquote&&p&
&The people thought they were just being rewarded for treating others
as they like to be treated, for obeying stop signs and curing diseases,
for mailing letters with the address of the sender... Don't wake me,
I plan on sleeping in...&
&Nothing Better& is a great track on this album, too...
&/p&&/blockquote&
Adding hReview to this review is also quite simple, but in this case requires a few more elements for the rating and reviewer which are required by hReview:
&div class=&hreview&&&span class=&item&&
&a class=&url fn& href=&/exec/obidos/ASIN/B000089CJI/&&
&img src=&/images/P/B000089CJI.01._SCTHUMBZZZ_.jpg&
alt=&Album cover photo: The Postal Service: Give Up. &
class=&photo& /&
The Postal Service: Give Up&/a&&/span&
&div class=&description&&&p&
&The people thought they were just being rewarded for treating others
as they like to be treated, for obeying stop signs and curing diseases,
for mailing letters with the address of the sender... Don't wake me,
I plan on sleeping in...&
&Nothing Better& is a great track on this album, too...
&/p&&/div&
(&abbr class=&rating& title=&5&&*****&/abbr&)
&p class=&reviewer vcard&&Review by
&a class=&url fn& href=&/blog/&&Adam Rifkin&/a&,
&abbr class=&dtreviewed& title=&2005-02&&February 2005&/abbr&
And this hReview might be presented like this:
[Album cover photo: ]
[The Postal Service:]
The Postal Service: Give Up
"The people thought they were just being rewarded for treating others as they like to be treated, for obeying stop signs and curing diseases, for mailing letters with the address of the sender... Don't wake me, I plan on sleeping in..."
"Nothing Better" is a great track on this album, too...
Review by Adam Rifkin, February 2005.
Finally, here is an example of a movie review.
&span&anonymous, April 18th, 2005&/span&
&a lang=&zh& href=&/title/tt0299977/&&
Ying Xiong (&span lang=&en&&HERO&/span&)
&div&Rating: 4 out of 5&/div&
&blockquote&&p&
This movie has great visuals and music.
&/p&&/blockquote&
With hReview:
&div class=&hreview&&
&span class=&reviewer vcard&&
&span class=&fn&&anonymous&/span&,
&abbr class=&dtreviewed& title=&&&April 18th, 2005&/abbr&
&div class=&item&&
&a lang=&zh& class=&url fn& href=&/title/tt0299977/&&
Ying Xiong (&span lang=&en&&HERO&/span&)
&div&Rating: &span class=&rating&&4&/span& out of 5&/div&
&div class=&description&&&p&
This movie has great music and visuals.
&/p&&/div&
Which could be presented like this:
anonymous, April 18th, 2005
Ying Xiong (HERO)
Rating: 4 out of 5
This movie has great music and visuals.
This section is informative. The number of hReview examples in the wild has expanded far beyond the capacity of being kept inline in this specification. They have been moved to a .
This section is informative. The number of hReview implementations has also expanded beyond the capacity of keeping them inline. They have been moved to a .
This section is informative.
hReview was designed using design
similar to those that went into
and thus this overview is included for informational purposes.
Note: the Semantic XHTML Design Principles were written primarily within the context of developing
and , thus it may be easier to understand these principles in the context of the
(i.e. read that first).
XHTML is built on XML, and thus XHTML based formats can be used not only for convenient display presentation, but also for general purpose data exchange.
In many ways, XHTML based formats exemplify the best of both HTML and XML worlds.
However, when building XHTML based formats, it helps to have a guiding set of principles.
Reuse the schema (names, objects, properties, values, types, hierarchies, constraints) as much as possible from pre-existing, established, well-supported standards by reference.
Avoid restating constraints expressed in the source standard.
Informative mentions are ok.
For types with multiple components, use nested elements with class names equivalent to the names of the components.
Plural components are made singular, and thus multiple nested elements are used to represent multiple text values that are comma-delimited.
Use the most accurately precise
building block for each object etc.
Otherwise use a generic structural element (e.g. &span& or &div&), or the appropriate contextual element (e.g. an &li& inside a &ul& or &ol&).
Use class names based on names from the original schema, unless the semantic XHTML building block precisely represents that part of the original schema.
If names in the source schema are case-insensitive, then use an all lowercase equivalent.
Components names implicit in prose (rather than explicit in the defined schema) should also use lowercase equivalents for ease of use. Spaces in component names become dash '-' characters.
Finally, if the format of the data according to the original schema is too long and/or not human-friendly, use &abbr& instead of a generic structural element, and place the literal data into the 'title' attribute (where abbr expansions go), and the more brief and human readable equivalent into the element itself.
Further informative explanation of this use of &abbr&:
Thanks to everyone who responded to the open call for implementor participation for hReview.
The authors in particular wish to thank the following individuals for their constructive input and feedback: , , ,,, , Scott Derringer, , , ,, , , , , Mark Nottingham, , , , , , , Thai Tran, , .
hReview v0.3 Authors
(, and before at )
(Atom 1.0)
International Organization for Standardization, "Data elements and interchange formats - Information interchange - Representation of dates and times", ISO Standard 8601, June 1988.
Other reviews efforts. See .
Contributed from .
This specification is (C) 2005 by the authors. However, the authors intend to submit (or already have submitted, see details in the spec) this specification to a standards body with a liberal copyright/licensing policy such as the , , and/or . Anyone wishing to contribute should read their copyright principles, policies and licenses (e.g. the ) and agree to them, including licensing of all contributions under all required licenses (e.g.
and later), before contributing.
: I release all my contributions to this specification into the public domain and I encourage the other authors to do so as well.
When all authors/editors have done so, we can remove the MicroFormatCopyrightStatement template reference and replace it with the MicroFormatPublicDomainContributionStatement.
This specification is subject to a royalty free patent policy, e.g. per the , and
This specification is a work in progress. As additional aspects are discussed, understood, and written, they will be added.
The following changes have been made in hReview v0.3 over :
Normative changes:
Add normative references to
- required for support.
- for HTML5 parsing/DOM
Changed normative references to informative:
Includes delegated fully to
rather than specifying "Object Includes"
version property dropped. Little if any actual publication in practice, and no practical uses found. Smaller is better.
dtreviewed may also be an absolute ISO8601 date, and must use
if necessary.
Informative changes (several, but in particular):
changed editorship/authorship to just
in prep/heads-up for a rewrite.
examples updated:
dtreviewed property values use
version property dropped
This section is informative.
- microformat for specifying summary information from a collection of reviews about a product or service
() - create your own hReview.
- learn how to add hReview mark-up to your existing contact info.
- thoughts for improving hReview.
- hCard properties.
- an on-going list of websites which use hReview.
- If you have any questions about hReview, check here, and if you don't find answers, add your questions!
- Feedback is encouraged!
- websites or tools which either generate or parse hReviews.
- Please add any issues with the specification to the issues page.
- Normatively details of how to parse hReviews.
- The XMDP profile for hReview.
- a wiki page with actual embedded hReviews to try parsing.
- encourage others to use hReview.
- where we brainstormed about review formats before coming up with hReview.
- proposal for marking up amounts of money (e.g. prices of reviewed items).
Aggregate reviews -
Read the hReview draft specification in additional languages:
Categories
was last modified:
Wednesday, February 12th, 2014
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