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关注微信公众号Introduction to Robotic Technology Essay - 1307 Words
Introduction to Robotic...
Introduction to Robotic Technology
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: February 17, 2011
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Learning Objectives
? ? ? ? Explain about safety in robotics Describe types of robots Explain about robot history Explain about robot configuration
Introduction
o What is robot ?
– A mechanical unit consisting of axes and arms driven by servo motors or other motion driver.
o Robotics – technology dealing with the design, construction and operation of robots. o In Europe, Robotics defined as “the science of robotology” (‘the means by which robot machines are put together and made to work’ 15S-3
Laws of robots (by Asimov)
o A robot must not harm a human being, nor through in inaction allow one to come to harm o A robot must always obey human beings, unless that is in conflict with the first ‘law’ o A robot must protect itself from harm, unless that is in conflict with the first two ‘laws’ o A robot may take a human being’s job. But it may not leave that person jobless (Norman). 15S-4
Introduction
? The place where arms are connected called JOINT or AXIS
? Main axes : J1, J2 and J3 ? Wrist axes : used to move and end effector (tool/hand) mounted on the wrist flange (J4 and J5)
Robot Safety Introduction
o 1) 2) 3) 4) Perform intricate functions that are Hazardous Repetitive Unsafe Unpleasant
Safety in Robotics
o It has gained critical importance due to
1) Increased use of robots for industrial use 2) Sophisticated programmed control 3) Increased usage in hazardous operations
Types of accident
o o o o Impact or Collision Accidents Crushing and Trapping accidents Mechanical parts accidents Others
Sources of hazards
o o o o o o o Human errors Control errors Unauthorized access Mechanical failures Environmental sources Power systems Improper installation 15S-10
Control Measures
o Pre-installation control measures o Installation control measures o Post installation control measures
Pre installation control measures
o Shall meet minimum design requirements o Shall meet minimum manufacturing requirements o Older robots should be upgraded to present industry standard
Installation control measures
o Installed by competent persons o Safeguarding devices should be enforced o Follow standard installation procedures
Post installation control measures
o o o o o o o Risk assessment Safe guarding devices Awareness devices Safe guarding the programmer Safe guarding the operator Ensure continuous safe guarding operations Manual mode or teach mode while doing maintenance 15S-14
Post Installation (Cont’)
o Periodic maintenance procedures o Safety robotic training
Safety Precautions
o o o o o Safety of operator Safety of tools and peripheral devices Safety of the robot mechanism Safety of the end effector Safety in maintenance
Early Robot History
o 12 – 13 th Century Al-Jazari Ingenious Mechanical devices for clock etc. His Book (1206) on ‘Book of Knowledge on Ingenious mechanical devices” contributed to the history of robotics and automation.
Early Robot History
o 1890s: Nikola Tesla designs the first remote control vehicles. He is also known for his invention of the radio, induction motors, Tesla coils. o 1892: In the United States, Seward Babbitt designs a motorized crane with gripper to remove ingots from a furnace
Early Robot History
? 1921 The history of robot terminology begins from 1921, when the first reference to the word robot appears in a play opening in London. o The play, written by Czechoslovakian Karel Capek, introduces the word robot from the Czech robota, which means tedious labor.
Early Robot History
o 1938 The first programmable paint-spraying mechanism is designed by Willard Pollard and Haroid Roselund for the DeVilbiss Company. o 1951 The first teleoperated articulated arm was designed by Raymond Goertz for the Atomic Energy Commission. The design is based entirely on...
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...Week 5 – INF 103 Computer Literacy Presented by Mary Ulrich February 25, 2010
Table of Contents
? Definition of Robotics ? History of Robots ? Laws of Robotics ? Three Main Categories ? Robot Part Types ? Science of Robotics ? Impact on Society ? Applications ? Conclusion ? Sources
Definition of Robotics and Robots? Robotics: the technology dealing with the design,
construction, and operation of
robots in automation ? Robots: re-programmable multi-functional manipulators designed to move material, parts, tools, or specialized devices through various programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks
History of Robotics
The term robot is derived from a Czech word robota, meaning forced labor. It was first used in 1921 by Karel Capek, a Czech playwright who wrote plays about fictional monsters. Capek used the word to describe a sophisticated machine that would help man with hard work.
Laws of Robotics –
Isaac Asimov, who is considered to be The Father of Robotics, devised three “Laws of Robotics” in 1942, later adding the Zeroeth Law. These laws dealt with humans’ interaction with robots.
Three Main Categories of Robots ? Industrial Robots: robots which perform repetitive
manufacturing tasks, they are designed to continuously repeat the same process without change ? Research/Service Robots: robots...
...Chapter 6
Lesson 1: A Glimpse of Robotics Technology
I. Introduction
o Robots are commonly named as a machine that imitates a human.
o Made by human for human benefit.
o One factor is for human safety.
-an example is the Mars Rover Sojoumer, it goes to a place where it is too dangerous for humans.
o Has been used to handle nuclear and radioactive chemicals for many diff. uses including nuclear weapons, and processing of certain drugs.
o Also perform tedious and unpleasant task such as janitorial work and welding
o Advanced Step in Innovative Mobility
o World’s most advance humanoid robot.
o Created at Honda’s Research & Development Wako Fundamental Technical Research Center in Japan.
o Capabilities: Recognition of environment, moving object, gestures and postures, distinguishes sound and faces.
Definition & Brief History
o An automatic device that performs functions normally attributed to humans.
o It is reprogrammable ,multifunctional manipulator designed to move material , parts, tools or specialized devices through various programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks.
II. Different types of Robots
1. Industrial
2. Health care
3. Domestic
4. Military Defense
5. Space Travel
6. Household
7. Manufacturing
Robots on Earth
1. Cartesian Robot- used for pick and place job, handling machine tools and arc welding robot whose arms are three prismatic joints, whose axes are...
...? INTRODUCTION TO ROBOTICS
Robotics is the branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots, as well as computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information processing. These technologies deal with automated machines that can take the place of humans in dangerous environments or manufacturing processes, or resemble humans in appearance, behavior, and/or
cognition. Many of today's robots are inspired by nature contributing to the field of bio-inspired robotics.
The concept of creating machines that can operate autonomously dates back to classical times, but research into the functionality and potential uses of robots did not grow substantially until the 20th century. Throughout history, robotics has been often seen to mimic human behavior, and often manage tasks in a similar fashion. Today, robotics is a rapidly growing field, as technological advances continue, research, design, and building new robots serve various practical purposes, whether domestically, commercially, or militarily. Many robots do jobs that are hazardous to people such as defusing bombs, mines and exploring shipwrecks.
o History of robotics
In 1927 the Maschinenmensch (&machine-human&) gynoid humanoid robot (also called &Parody&, &Futura&, &Robotrix&, or the &Maria impersonator&) was the first and perhaps the...
...engine.
Nowadays after the existence of the Internet and Social Network, computer has become much more useful. The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks, of local to global scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless and optical networking
technologies. The Internet carries an extensive range of information resources and services, such as the inter-linked hypertext documents of the World Wide Web and the infrastructure to support email. Most traditional communications media including telephone,
and television are reshaped or redefined by the Internet,
giving birth to new services such as Voice over Internet Protocol
and Internet Protocol Television . Newspaper,
book and other print publishing are adapting to Web site technology,
or are reshaped into blogging and web feeds. The Internet has enabled and accelerated new forms of human interactions through instant messaging,
Internet forums,
and social networking. Online shopping has boomed both for major retail outlets and small artisans and traders.
Business-to-business and financial services on the Internet affect supply chains across entire industries.
Social Network,
a social network is a social structure made up...
...off the table.
These robots have light sensors and switch sensors. There are some robots that do house cleaning such as vacuum the floor or serve other people. Pet robots mimic actual pets which provide people with entertainment. These pet robots can bark, roll-over, sit, and play with you.
Most Famous Robots ARE:
* R2D2 and C-3PO: The intelligent, speaking robots with loads of personality in the &Star Wars& movies
* Sony's AIBO: A robotic dog that learns
through human interaction
* Honda's ASIMO: A robot that can walk on two legs like a person
* Industrial robots: Automated machines that work on assembly lines
* Data: The almost human android from &Star Trek&
* BattleBots: The remote control fighters on Comedy Central
* Bomb-defusing robots
* NASA's Mars rovers
* HAL: The ship's computer in Stanley Kubrick's &2001: A Space Odyssey&
* Robomower: The lawn-mowing robot from Friendly Robotics
* The Robot in the television series &Lost in Space&
* MindStorms: LEGO's popular robotics kit
-------------------------------------------------
Power Source:
There are many power sources for a robot
* (lead-acid) batteries
* pneumatic (compressed gases)
* hydraulics (liquids)
* flywheel energy storage
* organic garbage (through anaerobic digestion)
* faeces (human, animal); may be interesting in a military context as faeces of small combat groups may be...
...-------------------------------------------------
The Shadow robot hand system
Robotics is the branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, development and application of robots [1] and computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information processing. These technologies deal with automated machines that can take the place of humans, in dangerous or manufacturing processes,
or simply just resemble humans. Many of today's robots are inspired by nature contributing to the field of bio-inspired robotics.
The concept in creation of machines that could operate autonomously dates back to classical times, but research into the functionality and potential uses of robots did not grow substantially until the 20th century.[2] Throughout history, robotics has been often seen to mimic human behavior, and often manage tasks in a similar fashion. Today, robotics is a rapidly growing field, as technological advances continue, research, design, and building new robots serve various practical purposes, whether domestically, commercially, or militarily. Many robots do jobs that are hazardous to people such as defusing bombs, exploring shipwrecks, and mines.
* 1 Etymology
* 2 Components
* 2.1 Power source
* 2.2 Actuation
* 2.3 Sensing
* 2.4 Manipulation
* 2.5 Locomotion
...Science, Technology, Engineering and Math related? (150-200 words)
The activities you participated in used elements from many different disciplines together to accomplish specific goals.
Give one example of (choose one):
o A science concept or technique used to accomplish a goal
o A mathematics concept or technique used to accomplish a goal (Angles)
o A technological concept, technique, or artifact used to accomplish a goal
Explain how the concept, technique, or
artifact helped to accomplish the common goal. Finally, summarize in your own words how science, technology, and mathematics work together in order to accomplish real-world objectives.
The use the mathematic technique ‘angle’ allowed me to adjust how far the robot goes and how much it turns. Science helps us keep our food sustainable and protected from pests. It allows for the mass production of items such as clothing, electronics, and food. Our water can be reused thanks to science. We can mass produce medicinal drugs a lot easier. Technology allows us to communicate and store food and cook food easier. Mathematics helps us when finding the percentage on a discount or anything that requires calculation. Science, technology and mathematics create careers such as engineering, doctors and dentists.
Topic 3Experience and Insight(100-150 words)
Discuss one specific experience you had while working on the robotics activities that helped you...
...Name: Mina Asaad
Date: 09/25/13
Course- Section: EG161L
Teacher: Dr. Pierre-Richard Cornely
Date Performed: 09/23/13
Lab Partners: Ajian Belden
TITLE: Follow the guide lines, Faster line tracking, Obstacle Detection
INTRODUCTION:
in the first lab we were trying to figure out what is the robot looking for, is the robot looking for the dark side or the light, Also find the threshold of the light and the dark side in the robot. in the second lab faster line tracking,
following the program instruction in the computer we were trying to get the robot look for the dark side but in a faster phase, we also tried the same paste in flipping the robot backwards. in the third lab Obstacle detection the main thing was knowing the difference between the ultrasonic sensor, ultrasonic rangefinder, and and the laser sensor and which one is better to be stopped before it hits anything.
HYPOTHESIS:
if we can figure which direction the robot is looking for by attaching a black tape on the table or on the board and programming the robot to move forward we will be able to know if the robot looking for the dark side or the light side of the table using the threshold numbers that the robot will tell us. in the second lab faster line tracking if we can program the robot to move in a fast paste without overpowering controlling a block of the timing sensor the robot will still look for the black side and the white side of the table in a faster speed. Also if we can make...
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