2011年12月英语四级考试快速阅读解析--人民网教育频道--人民网
2011年12月英语四级考试快速阅读解析
　　What is Integrity?
　　&Integrity& is defined as &adherence to moral an
honesty.& ①.The key to integrity is consistency--not only setting high personal
standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness)
but also living up to those standards each day. One who has integrity is bound
by and follows moral and ethical standards even when making life's hard choices,
choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.
　　What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We
feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse of integrity also
affects our relationships with others. ②.Trust is essential in any important
relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is
dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity must be one of our most important goals.
　　Risky Business
　　We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making
process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of
character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we
acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the
　　Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. ③.We
must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking,
we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules
and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules about
plagiarism may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit, or
one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote
and cite sources as required. ④.But the fact that such a violation is
&unintentional& does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a defense.
　　&But Everybody Does It&
　　Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool
themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: &Everyone else does
it,& &I'm not hurting anyone,& or &I really need this grade.& Excuses can get
very elaborate: &I know I'm looking at another's exam, even though I'm supposed
to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I'm just
checking my answers, not copying.& We must be honest about our actions, and
avoid excuses. If we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything
wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making--and that leads to bad
decisions.
　　⑤.To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how
you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over
your shoulder. Would you feel proud or ashamed of your actions? If you'd rather
hide your actions, that's a good indication that you're taking a risk and
rationalizing it to yourself.
　　Evaluating Risks
　　To decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences,
in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others
as well as to yourself. ⑥.Those who take risks they later regret usually focus
on immediate benefits (&what's in it for me&), and simply haven't considered
what might go wrong. The consequences of getting caught are serious, and may
include a &0& on
an &F& Suspension or
D and a tarnished reputation. In fact,
when you break a rule or law, you lose control over your life, and give others
the power to impose punishment: you have no control over what that punishment
might be. This is an extremely precarious and vulnerable position. There may be
some matters of life and death, or highest principle, which might justify such a
risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this category.
　　Getting Away With It--Or Not
　　⑦.Those who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learn
from the test, depriving him/herself of an education. Cheating undermines
confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without
dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-esteem and
integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty, and afraid of getting caught.
Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually cheats
again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems
&easier.& This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to
disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught,
the worse the consequences. Students have been dismissed from school because
they didn't get this simple message: Honesty is the ONLY policy that works.
　　Cheating Hurts Others, Too
　　Cheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions &don't count& and don't
really hurt anyone. But individual choices have a profound cumulative effect.
Cheating can spread like a disease, and a cheater can encourage others just by
being seen from across the room. Recent statistics suggest 30% or more of
college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others'
grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating &poisons& the classroom, and others
may feel pressured to join in. (&If I don't cheat, I can't compete with those
who do.&) Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of
good teaching is seeing students learn, but ⑧.a cheater says, &I'm not
interested in what you' all I care about is stealing a grade,
regardless of the effect on others.& The end result is a blatant and destructive
attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the
reputation of the University, and harm those who worked hard for their degree.
　　Why Integrity Matters
　　If cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. ⑨.We must rely on
the honesty and good faith of others every day. If not, we couldn't put money in
the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge,
get on a plane, go to the dentist--the list is endless. There are many examples
of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect
their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and
junk bond swindles, and, of course, ⑩.Watergate, have undermined the faith of
many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as
a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nation's economy and our
individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there
might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education.
　　In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our
society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in
order to build the kind of world in which we want to live.
　　解析：
　　1、选择 sticks to them in their daily life
　　定位在原文第一段，文中说正直(integrity)的关键是一致性(consistency)，不仅要有很多道德和伦理的准则，还要每天都坚守。
　　2、选择 It is the basis of mutual trust.
　　题干问正直在人际关系和事业关系中扮演着什么样的角色。定位回第二段，文中说“信任(trust)在任何关系中都是最根本的
(essential)，而正直正是最重要的目标之一”。
　　3、选择 To ensure we make responsible choices.
　　定位回原文第四段标红的句子，答案完全照抄原文。
　　4、选择 it is claimed to be unintentional.
　　定位至第四段倒数第二句，文中说“无意识的(unintentional)”并不能为这一违背(violation)道德的行为开脱。
　　5、选择 Avoid making excuses
　　定位回到第六段段首，watch out for excuses与本答案对应。
　　6、选择 value immediate benefits most
　　定位回到第七段二句，文章说那些人通常专注于当下的利益，与本答案对应。
　　7、选择 pay more dearly
　　定位点在八段首，看到其他三个选项大概都会笑出来。
　　8、这题不好找，在倒数第三段中间
　　Cheaters at exam don’t care about their education, all they care about is how
to steal a grade.
　　本空在原文的成分是表语，故steal是动名词+ing的形式，这里空前的to是动词不定式的标志，因此steal要改为原型，未改写者不得分。
　　9、倒数二段首句中&rely on&处
　　Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on people’s honesty and
good faith.
　　10、倒数第二段中间处
　　Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a
result of Watergate.
　　本次快速阅读选择题整体难度偏易，填空题偏难，话题幽默讽刺，意在告诉大家要做一个正直的人，考试不能作弊。
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发短信上手机人民网考试吧：2011年12月英语四级真题答案解析
来源：　 17:12:28　【】　
：2011年12月英语四级真题答案解析。
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　　2011年12月大学英语四级考试
　　Listening Comprehension短对话
　　Section A
　　W: This crazy bus schedule has got me completely confused. I can’t figure out when my bus to Cleveland leaves?
　　M: Why don’t you just go to the ticket window and ask?
　　Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?
　　【答案】B) Go and ask the staff.
　　【解析】这是一道事实细节题。从对话中可知，女士搞不清楚列车时刻表，男士建议她去售票窗口咨询。ticket window售票窗口。
　　W: I really enjoyed the TV special about drafts last night. Did you get home in time to see it?
　　W: Oh, yes, but I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing.
　　Q: What does the man mean?
　　【答案】A) He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program.
　　【解析】这是道推理判断题，考查男士的言下之意以及虚拟语气。could have done意为本可以做某事，但未做。从对话中可知，男士确实回家看了电视节目，但是他说道：I wish I could have stayed awake long enough to see the whole thing. 我真希望自己当时能再晚点睡着，这样我就可以看完整场节目了。说明他没有看完整场节目就睡着了。
　　W: Airport, please. I’m running a little late. So just take the fastest way even if it’s not the most direct.
　　M: Sure, but there is a lot of traffic everywhere today because of the football game.
　　Q: What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?
　　【答案】B) She is worried about missing her flight.
　　【解析】这是道场景题，略有难度。刚开始，我们还无法很快判断出该对话发生的场景，很多同学一听到airport可能会误以为对话发生在机场，但如果我们继续听下去，就会发现，该对话应该发生在出租车上，因为女士说了句“请选择最快的路”，而男士说“因为有球赛，所以到处都交通拥堵”可以帮助我们再次确认对话发生的场景。选项A不对，原文是说要挑the fastest way哪怕不是选项C也不准确，才刚上车，并没有拥堵，司机只是提前说明因为球赛会碰到拥堵;选项D错误，女士是为了赶去乘飞机的，而不是去看球赛。
　　W: May I make a recommendation, sir? Our seafood with this special sauce is very good.
　　M: Thank you, but I don’t eat shellfish. I’m allergic to it.
　　Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?
　　【答案】A) In a restaurant
　　【解析】这是道场景题，较为简单。从对话中可知，女士希望向男士推荐一道菜，从首句中即可推断出该对话最有可能发生在餐馆中，男士说，他过敏，不吃贝壳类海鲜，可以帮助我们再次确认对话发生的场景。
　　W: Now one more question if you don’t mind, what position in the company appeals to you most?
　　M: Well, I’d like the position of sales manager if that position is still vacant.
　　Q: What do we learn about the man?
　　【答案】A) He is being interviewed for a job.
　　【解析】这是较为简单的细节推理题。 从position, company这几个关键词中，我们就可以快速判断出此题的场景为面试，因此男士应该正在接受一场面试。 C选项错误，他想要销售经理的职位，但并不表示他本身就是销售经理。
　　M: I don’t think I want to live in the dormitory next year. I need more privacy.
　　W: I know what you mean. But check out the cost if renting an apartment first. I won’t be surprised if you change your mind.
　　Q: What does the woman imply?
　　【答案】B) The man is unlikely to move out of the dormitory.
　　【解析】这是推理判断题，询问女士的言下之意。最后一句，女士表示“你改变主意的话，我不会觉得奇怪”，可知，男士不太可能搬出宿舍。A选项是个干扰项，虽然该选项看上去意思和B选项差不多，但对话中并没有提到男士想找一个更安静的地方，他想搬离寝室，是为了更多的个人空间。
　　M: You’re on the right track. I just think you need to narrow the topic down.
　　W: Yeah, you’re right. I always start by choosing two boarder topics when I’m doing a research paper.
　　Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
　　【答案】D) The woman is going to make her topic more focused.
　　【解析】这是推理判断题。从对话中可知，男士希望女士缩小主题的范围，女士回答“你是对的。”说明女士会采纳男士的建议，缩小主题。
　　W: This picnic should beat the last one we went to, doesn’t it?
　　M: Oh, yeah, we had to spend the whole time inside. Good thing, the weather was cooperative this time.
　　Q: What do we learn about the speakers from the conversation?
　　【答案】B) They didn’t quite enjoy their last picnic.
　　【解析】这是推理判断题。beat一词是个难点，beat本意有“打败”的意思，这次的野餐打败了上次，即这次比上次好，下文中，男士说“上次我们不得不呆在室内，但这次天气不错。”可以再次确认他们不喜欢上次的野餐，因此，正确答案为B。
文章责编：zhangyuqiong&　看了本文的网友还看了
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2011年12月大学英语四级考前预测作文04中华考试网()&&【
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　　Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write A Brief Introduction to the University. You should write at least 120 words according to the following guidelines:　　假设你是一名学生志愿者，要给来你们学校参观的外国朋友介绍学校情况。内容应包括学校历史、规模、教学现状以及未来目标等。　　A Brief Introduction to the University　　Distinguished guests,　　Welcome to our university. Before you start to look around, allow me to give you a brief account of the school.　　Founded in 1927, our university is one of this city’s earliest universities of liberal arts. It is staffed with an excellent faculty, and has a total enrollment of over 10,000 students. In the past years, it has turned out numerous well-qualified students and found its graduates active in professions of all walks of life.　　Since its establishment, the university has always steered itself toward the objective that its students have an overall healthy development. Not only does it provide the students with basic academic courses, but it manages to expose them to the up-to-date knowledge. Besides, students are free to participate in colorful campus activities and social practice, which are intended for broadening their mind and developing their potential talent.　　Currently, both our faculty and students are making every effort to improve the quality of our education in the direction of a first-rate university. Thank you.　　点评：近几年，随着我国顺利加入世贸组织以及经济全球化步伐的加快，许多国内高校纷纷与国外大学合作办学，教育走向国际化成为人们关注的热点，也是大学生门比较关心的热点问题。本预测题为热议校园生活话题，与2004年旅游景点介绍2006年考查的名校校园开放如出一辙。
　　听力基础不太扎实，需要大量训练的4级（CET-4）考生；因听力词汇不够，听不懂文..
定价：￥25.80
优惠价：￥19.40&&很多书对于题目的讲解有很大的随意性。不少学生反映“你会的地方，它讲得很多；你不..
定价：￥23.90
优惠价：￥20.40&&
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