准备给高考中国艺术生高考网补英语,第一次,该准备...

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陕西省西工大附中2014届高三上学期第一次适应性训练语文、英语试题
给大家推荐一份好资料:&陕西省西工大附中2014届高三上学期第一次适应性训练试题(5科6份)
2014届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试西工大附中第一次适应性训练
本试卷分第I卷(阅读题)和第Ⅱ卷(表达题)两部分。考生作答时,将答案答在答题卡上(答题注意事项见答题卡),在本试题卷上答题无效。考试结束后,将答题卡交回。
第Ⅰ卷 阅读题
甲 必考题(共45分)
一、现代文阅读(9分,每小题3分)
阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题。
圆是中国文化中的一个重要精神原型,它与中国人的宇宙意识、生命情调等有十分密切的关系,也是我们揭示中国艺术生命秘密的不可忽视的因素。人有悲欢离合,月有阴晴圆缺,圆有时是相对于缺而言的。我们通常所说的“圆满”一语,原是中国哲学的一个重要概念,其中也可看出中国人重视艺术生命的一份用心。司空图《诗品·雄浑》“超以象外,得其环中”云:“超以象外,至大不可限制;得其环中,理之圆足混成无缺,如太极然。”在这里,圆即充满、周备、具足,体现在诗性艺心就是浑全充融。森罗万象,一尘沤,一片叶,一缕云,及至浩浩苍天、绵绵大地,都可以大道涵括。
中国哲学中有一个著名比喻:“月印万川”,最能体现充满圆融的特点。这个比喻有两层重要的含义:一是万川之月,只是一月。江流宛转绕芳甸,何处春江无月明,湛然寰宇,月光朗照,天下万千江湖,无处不映出它的圆影。然万千个圆共有一圆,万种之月,只有一月相照,一圆贯穿了万川之圆,散在江湖各处的异在之圆联成一个整体,只有一个生命。二是自此一月,可观全月。由于散在江湖的万千之月均由一月相照,故自任何一月均可窥见万千之月的内在生命,任何江湖的月都是一个自我完足的生命世界。“万川之月”所透析出的哲学内蕴就是:一即一切,一切即一,它强调了万物都是一个自在圆足的生命这一重要特性。
中国哲学的圆满具足说散发着浓厚的艺术情调,它实际上是以审美的眼光看待世界。儒道佛中的充满圆融的生命哲学刺激了中国艺术家的创造精神。由于受天人合一哲学观念的影响,中国艺术家总有一种自觉的超越意识,要尽广大,极精微,自有限而观无限,由当下而观永恒。然而宇宙洪阔,天道苍苍,艺术要受到时空的限制,它总不能摆脱具体的实在,总在关注一人一事一时一物,这便制约了艺术家的绵绵长思。万川之月自在圆融的生命哲学却给了破解这一难题的钥匙。艺术家既关心“一”,认为“山川即道”、“山水即天理”,万事万物均是道的化身,但更关心的是“一切”,因为“一切即一,一即一切”,一切都是自在圆足的生命整体。《文心雕龙》云:“乘一总万”;《二十四诗品》云:“万取一收”,其意大致相同。
故中国艺术家更重视当下直接的观照,更关心微观,在艺术倾向上,两汉时铺排山川云物的现象到了唐宋时越来越少,人们所创造的艺术世界更加精微、细致。中唐以后,追求精微细致的审美风尚渐渐弥散开来。如在中国园林中,人们普遍追求“壶纳天地”的妙处。一湾清泉,几条幽径,几处亭台,便俨然构成一自在圆足的世界。请看中国园林的命名:勺园,如一勺之大;蠡园,如一瓢之微;壶公楼,小得如茶壶一般;芥子园,微小得尤如一粒种子;一沤居,细微得如同大海中的一朵涟漪。但是,在中国人看来,一沤就是茫茫大海,一假山就是连绵峰峦,一亭就是浩浩天庭。故人们常常将园林景区叫做“小沧浪”、“小蓬莱”、“小瀛洲”。“小”是园林特点,“沧浪”“瀛洲”等则是人们远的心意,壶公有天地,芥子纳须弥,这成了中国艺术家不言的秘诀。
在中国山水画中,我们可以看到许多以“溪山无尽”为名的画,它反映了中国山水画家对山川无尽之妙的追求。王希孟的《千里江山图》和倪云林的《疏林秀石图》风格迥异,一是江山无限,一是片石只林,但所追求的却是一致的,人们在他们的画中无所憾,因为它们自身就是一个自我完足的宇宙。郭河阳“有人悟得丹青理,专向茅茨画山水”正谓此。若要能演成一个完整生命,“茅茨”也能成为灵区。
(节选自朱良志《论中国艺术论中的“圆”》,有修改)
1.下列表述不符合原文意思的一项是 ( ) (3分)
A.圆是中国哲学的一个重要概念,它是揭示中国艺术生命秘密的重要因素。
B.圆即圆满、周备、具足、万物之理、混成无缺,体现在诗性艺心上即浑全充融。
C.“超以象外,得其环中”,自然界中森罗万象,一尘沤、一片叶、一缕云……虽形态各异,但都一统于“道”的世界中。
D.“江流宛转绕芳甸,何处春江无月明”,到处春江的月明均由一月相照,故自任何一月都可窥见万千之月的内在生命。
2.下列理解和分析不符合原文意思的是 ( ) (3分)
A.中国艺术家的自有限而观无限,由当下观永恒的观念,是受儒道佛中圆通生命哲学和天人合一哲学观念的影响。
B.自在圆融的生命哲学是解脱艺术家受时空和具体事物限制的钥匙。
C.“乘一总万”“万取一收”
与中国艺术家更重视当下的直接观照、关心微观等都体现了“山川即道”的哲理,都符合宇宙中的自在圆足的生命整体的哲学观点。
D.中国山水画中有许多以“溪山无尽”为名的画,它反映了中国山水画家追求在一山一水中去创造一个圆满自足的世界。
3.根据原文内容,下列理解和分析不正确的是 ( ) (3分)
A.“万川之月”所透析出的哲学内蕴是:一即一切,一切即一,它反映了万物均有其内在之理,而内在之理又是共通的道理。
B.“壶公有天地,芥子纳须弥”中,“天地”和“须弥”是人们远的心意。
C.两汉铺排山水云物的现象到唐宋越来越少,因为用精微、细致表现“涵盖乾坤”较铺排渲染更能体现所要追求的生命的博大精深。
D.画道之理体现哲学上圆通之说,故一草一木,一丘一壑都如同有灵光耀现,形成自我圆足的世界。
二.古代诗文阅读(35分)
(一)文言文阅读(19分)
阅读下面的文言文,完成4—7题。
赵概,字叔平,南京虞城人。少笃学自力,器识宏远。中进士第,为集贤校理、开封府推官。奏事殿中,仁宗面赐银绯。
出知洪州,州城西南薄章江,有泛溢之虞,概作石堤二百丈,高五丈,以障其冲,水不为患。僚吏郑陶、饶奭①挟持郡事,为不法,前守莫能制。州之归化卒,皆故时群盗。奭造飞语曰:“卒得廪米陈恶,有怨言,不更给善米,且生变。”概不答。卒有自容州戍逃归而犯夜者,斩之以徇,因收陶、奭抵罪,阖府股栗。加直集贤院。坐失举渑池令张诰免,久乃起。
召修起居注。欧阳修后至,朝廷欲骤用之,难于越次。概闻,请郡②,除天章阁待制,修遂知制诰。逾岁,概始代之。苏舜钦等以群饮逐,概言:“预会者皆馆阁名士,举而弃之,觖③士大夫望,非国之福也。”不报。谏官郭申锡论事忤旨,帝欲加罪,概曰:“陛下始面谕申锡毋面从,今黜之,何以示天下?”乃止。知郓州、应天府,代韩绛为御史中丞。绛以论张茂实不宜典宿卫罢,概至,首言之,茂实竟去。擢枢密使、参知政事。数以老求去。
熙宁初,拜观文殿学士、知徐州。自左丞转吏部尚书,前此,执政迁官,未有也。以太子少师致仕,退居十五年,尝集古今谏争事,为《谏林》百二十卷上之。神宗赐诏曰:“请老而去者,类以声问不至朝廷为高。唯卿有志爱君,虽退处山林,未尝一日忘也。当置于坐右,时用省阅。”元丰六年薨,年八十八。赠太子太师,谥曰康靖。
概秉心和平,与人无怨怒。虽在事如不言,然阴以利物者为不少,议者以比刘宽、娄师德。坐张诰贬六年,念之终不衰,诰死,恤其家备至。欧阳修遇概素薄,及修有狱,概独抗章明其罪,言为仇者所中伤,不可以天下法为人报怨。修得解,始服其长者。
(《宋史·赵概传》,有删节)
注:①奭(sh&):盛大的样子。②请郡:指古代京官请求外放,任州郡长官。③觖(ju&):因不满意而怨恨。
4.对下列句子中加点的词的解释,不正确的一项是( )(3分)
A. 以太子少师致仕 致仕:官员退休
B. 当置于坐右,时用省阅 省阅:审视阅览
C. 概独抗章明其罪 抗章:向皇帝上奏章
D. 不可以天下法为人报怨 报怨:同“抱怨”
5.以下全都表现赵概是一位“长者”的一项是( )(3分)
A.①奏事殿中,仁宗面赐银绯 ②概闻,请郡,除天章阁待制
B.①今黜之,何以示天下 ②前此,执政迁官,未有也
C. ①为《谏林》百二十卷上之 ②概至,首言之,茂实竟去
D. ①诰死,恤其家备至 ②概独抗章明其罪
6.下列对原文有关内容的分析和概括,不正确的一项是( )(3分)
A.洪州属官郑陶、饶奭把持郡里事务,并编造流言说士兵得到饷米都是陈旧腐烂之米。后来赵概斩杀了从容州驻地逃归的士卒,并趁机查办了陶、奭二人。
B.赵概编修起居注在先,欧阳修是后来被召编修起居注的,朝廷想破格任用欧阳修,但难在不好超越次序进行提拔。赵概知道后,虽然心有不快,但仍主动请求外放任郡官来让贤。
C.官员因年老辞官回家后,一般都是唯恐自己的一些说辞、议论等传到朝廷而获罪,但赵概即使退居在家,却依然能够忠耿尽职,编写《谏林》来提醒皇上注意纳谏。
D.赵概秉性平和,与人无怨怒。虽然在一些事情上表面上像是没有说什么,但暗地里做了不少对别人有利的事情,连一直对赵概冷淡的欧阳修最终也为之折服。
7.把文中画线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(10分)
(1)绛以论张茂实不宜典宿卫罢,概至,首言之,茂实竟去。(5分)
[来源:学科网ZXXK]
(2)坐张诰贬六年,念之终不衰,诰死,恤其家备至。(5分)
(二)古代诗歌阅读 (11分)
抽弦促柱听秦筝,无限秦人悲怨声。
似逐春风知柳态,如随啼鸟识花情。
谁家独夜愁灯影?何处空楼思月明?
更入几重离别恨,江南歧路洛阳城。
8.有人认为颈联两句中各有一字堪称诗人炼字的典范,请找出这两个字并作简要赏析。(5分)
9.请结合本诗颔联和颈联,简要分析作者是如何表现“筝声”之“悲怨”的。(6分)
(三)名篇名句默写(6分)
10.补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。(6分)
(1) ,则其负大翼也无力。 (庄子《逍遥游》)
(2) ,砯崖转石万壑雷。 (李白《蜀道难》)
(3)故虽有名马, ,骈死于槽枥之间。(韩愈《马说》)
(4) ,吾独穷困乎此时也。 (屈原《离骚》)
(5)驾一叶之扁舟, 。 (苏轼《赤壁赋》)
(6) ,愁云惨淡万里凝。(岑参《白雪歌送武判官归京》)
乙 选考题(25分)
请考生在第三(11)、四(12)两题中选定其中一题作答。只能做所选定题目内的小题,不得选做另一题目内的小题。如果多做,则按所做的第一个题目计分。
三.文学类文本阅读(25分)
11.阅读下面的文字,完成(1)~(4)题。
浓雾锁城。不过才十几分钟,这座小城便成了孤城。
警察封锁了高速路、公路。雾太大了。得到警察封锁道路的消息,李生慌了。
他觉得害怕,好像自己一个人被扔在小城里,孤独无助。尽管他知道周围都是人,但这些人不是他的亲人。他的亲人在城外,在距离小城二十五公里的乡下,那里鸡鸭成群,小桥流水,李生迫切地想要回到那里,回到亲人的身边,那样才踏实。
李生跑下楼,掏出钥匙准备开车,想到警察已经封了路,又沮丧地收回钥匙。他只有走着回家了,警察总不至于连人都拦截吧。
浓雾遮蔽了周围所有的东西,除了身旁四五米的范围,其它什么也看不到。李生停下来,可以听到有高跟鞋叮叮叮敲击路面,有人在说话,隐约有人影影绰绰晃动。有人匆忙从他身边跑过,嘴里嘟嘟囔囔说着什么,一个人在身后喊着那人的名字,那人答应一声,没有回头。偶尔有一束黄的光缓慢地闪过,远远有嘟嘟的喇叭声。
李生心慌得厉害。他想看到熟悉的人,看到熙攘的汽车,想跟人说话,说什么都行。
过了一个路口,又过了一个路口,雾似乎越来越浓,像牛奶漫天倾泻,抹也抹不开。
李生掏出手机,试图找出一个人跟他聊天,很奇怪,显示有信号,手机就是打不出去。他一遍一遍地拨手机里存储的每一个号码,不管谁。110、120、119,甚至114,他都拨了,一个也拨不出去。
李生加快了步伐。总会走出去吧。越这样想,却似乎越陷入了迷宫,好像一直在原地打转。像被人施了魔法,所有的东西都消失在浓雾里,轻飘飘地,就没了。
突然,一条黑色的小腊肠狗从身边跑过,李生欣喜若狂,可爱的小狗,尽管它不会说话,但也是个伴。李生紧跟着脚步轻盈的小腊肠,生怕跟丢了。
小腊肠似乎明白李生的心思,它的脚步慢下来,李生可以很轻松地与它并行。李生默默地说:小狗,谢谢你。
也许是觉得没意思,和李生一起跑了一会儿,小狗叫了几声,突然往斜刺里窜过去,李生喊“站住”,但无济于事。少顷,他听到了两只狗的叫声,小腊肠找到了它的伙伴。
真是悲哀啊。
走,赶紧走。赶紧离开这座可怕的孤城。[来源:]
终于,到达出城的路口了。警察背着手站成一排,如果不是身上米黄的荧光背心,李生根本看不到他们。
他跑过去,想从警察中间穿过。可他们站得实在太密,李生又太胖了,根本穿不过去。李生说:警察同志,请让我过去。这些威严的警察居然没有一个人搭理他。李生拉拉他们其中一个的衣服:求求你,让我过去,我要看我爸看我妈我妹看姬小凡。还是没人搭理他,好像他面对的是一排水泥砌的警察。
李生哭喊起来,他的恐惧已经到了顶点,一下爆发出来,孩子一样大声地哭,绝望地喊。但那些警察依然无动于衷。
喊过哭过,李生的心稍稍安定了些。既然哭喊没用,就要想别的办法,必须尽快离开这里,离开这座浓雾紧锁的孤城。时间一点一点过去,李生想破了脑袋也没想出什么好办法,他只能盯着那些米黄的背心,连成一条线的黄背心,从那里感觉到一点温暖的气息。
过去的日子,排山倒海一样来到李生眼前,和爸爸妈妈在一起,和妹妹在一起,和姬小凡在一起,快乐得到处都是和煦的阳光,多好啊。可现在,除了雾什么也没有。
就在李生一屁股坐到地上,丧失一切信心的时候,天居然一下放晴了。浓雾像缕缕的丝帛一样被轻轻抽走,霎时,阳光遍地。
他恍惚地站起来,看看前方,一条宽阔的道路,通往他家乡的路,路上全是等待进城的人和车。看看身后,一座座美丽的大楼高高挺立,楼上的招牌清晰可见。
一切就像梦一样。
一个小警察过来对他说:走吧,现在可以走了。
你不是要回家吗?
我回去干嘛?又没事,我上个月刚回去过。
可是,你刚才哭着喊着说要回去的。
我现在又不想了。
李生转身向回走,一座大楼的十一楼上,有他打开的电脑,没干完的工作。
(选自2012年第5期《小小说》,略有删改)
(1)下列对小说有关内容的理解和分析,最恰当的两项是( )( )(5分)
A.作者用词极其精妙,如“被扔在小城里”里的“扔”字和“陷入了迷宫”里的“陷”字,都极富表现力,写出了李生强烈的孤独感、失落感和恐慌心理。
B.文中提到了李生的爸妈妹妹和姬小凡,他们是李生的精神寄托,尤其在这样的大雾天,他们能让惊慌失措的李生感到踏实。
C.准备回家的李生被警察封路的消息吓慌了,他更加迫切地想回到家乡亲人身边,那样心里才踏实,所以就匆匆上路了。
D.李生的手机打不出去,充分说明在浓雾锁城之时,所有的人也像他一样,急切地想回到家乡回到亲人身边却又回不去。
E.作者写到一条黑色小腊肠狗时,用到了先扬后抑的手法,李生开始从小狗那里得到了些许安慰却很快被小狗抛弃,最终仍是孤独一人。
(2)作者在小说中多次写到浓雾,这样写有什么作用?请你结合全文的内容简要地回答。(6分)
(3)“孤城”作为小说的标题,意蕴丰富。请结合全文内容谈谈你对“孤城”内涵的理解。(6分)
(4)当大雾锁城时,李生拼命要出城回家,雾散之后又不想回家了。在现实生活中,许多人都有过这种矛盾的心理历程。请结合本文内容,探究一下李生产生这种矛盾心理的原因。(8分)
四、实用类文本阅读(25分)
12.阅读下面的文字,完成(1)—(4)题。
查韦斯:从军队到政坛的传奇人生
查韦斯是拉丁美洲最引人注目和最有争议的领导人之一。对很多支持他的人来说,他是个充满社会主义理想的改革派总统,敢于向社会权贵挑战,给穷人带来希望。他对美国措辞严厉的批评也让他在拉丁美洲赢得支持。委内瑞拉丰富的石油资源成为他赢取国际支持的重要手段。
日,查韦斯出生在委内瑞拉的巴里纳斯州,他的父母是学校老师,有六个孩子,家境拮据。
查韦斯很早就形成了自己独立的政治理念。查韦斯在巴里纳斯的高中毕业后,就读首都加拉加斯的委内瑞拉军事学院,于1975年毕业。在军事学院期间,查韦斯的政治观念逐步形成,他认为如果平民政府不能保护社会中的贫民,军队就有责任介入。1981年,查韦斯在军事学院任教,他对年轻一代军事学院灌输他的政治理念。查韦斯的影响力引起上级的警觉,于是将他“发配”到偏远的阿普雷州,这样可以避免查韦斯“添乱”。查韦斯在那里与当地部族广泛接触,这段经历,影响到他日后当选总统后的原住民政策。
这位前陆军伞兵军官的首次出名,是因为在1992年领导了一次虽败犹荣的政变。1992年2月,他领导了试图推翻总统佩雷斯的政变。委内瑞拉当时经济衰退,民众广泛抗议。
这次政变最终失败,导致18人死亡、60人受伤,查韦斯随后自首,被关进军事监狱。9个月后,他的同盟们再次发动政变,再一次失败。查韦斯在被关两年后获释,随后创建了代表中下层老百姓利益的政党“第五共和国运动”,从军队走向政坛。
与大多数拉丁美洲国家不同,委内瑞拉的民主选举政府的传统自1958年以来就没有中断过。查韦斯后来改变武力推翻政权的立场,投入到1998年的大选中。查韦斯承诺“革命性”的社会政策,批评现政府的腐败、挥霍石油资源。查韦斯最终赢得1998年12月的总统大选,打破了委内瑞拉政坛长期由两大传统政党轮流执政的政局。他迅速得到支持,尤其是穷人和中产阶级的支持。查韦斯执政后,他改变竞选中的革命口号,采取相对温和政策,经济上也大致遵循国际货币基金组织的提议,加强政府廉政建设,对基础设施加大投入,建立免费医疗体系等。此后,查韦斯在一系列选举和全民公投中获胜,包括修改宪法,允许总统无限期连任。他的这种做法也遭到批评。查韦斯解释说,他需要更多时间,好让社会主义在委内瑞拉扎根。他的支持者们说,查韦斯代表了穷人的利益。
查韦斯演讲口才出色,这一才华充分显示在他的每周一次的国家电视台直播节目《你好,总统》中。他在《你好,总统》栏目中讲述他的政治理念,并鼓励民众打电话、直接向他提问,有时他甚至还唱歌跳舞。查韦斯从不错过任何对公众发表讲话的机会,他曾在演讲中把石油公司的高管们形容为“住在豪华宅子里,一边喝着威士忌,一边荒唐淫乱”。他还经常与教会的领导人发生争执,称教会领导人“无视穷人利益,偏袒反对派,捍卫富豪”,一度指责他们“没有走耶稣基督的路”。在美国为首的联军发起阿富汗战争后,他指责美国政府“用恐怖行动打击恐怖主义”,在联合国大会公开发言时称小布什是魔鬼,赖斯是文盲,致使委内瑞拉与美国的关系跌至谷底。但他的这种坚持正义的行为得到很多人的默认。
2002年,委内瑞拉发生短暂的反政府动乱,查韦斯被迫下台两天,事后他指责美国在幕后策划了这场政变。两年后,查韦斯重振雄风,在全民公投中获得更多公众的支持;2006年,他再次赢得总统大选,获连任。在2012年10月的大选中,查韦斯赢得另一个六年的连任。
查韦斯虽然连选连任,较长时间地掌管委内瑞拉大权,但也面临不少困境。尽管委内瑞拉拥有丰富的石油资源,但贫困和失业现象仍然普遍存在。2011年6月查韦斯首次确诊患癌,随后经常往返古巴和委内瑞拉接受手术和放疗。2012年5月,查韦斯总统府宣布,在经过手术和化疗后,他已经从癌症中康复,但未透露他患的是什么癌。日,查韦斯再次宣布,他需要做进一步手术,并提议副总统马杜罗在必要时作为他的继任者。查韦斯自从2013年2月结束在古巴的癌症治疗返回委内瑞拉之后便没有公开露面。
日,查韦斯终因癌症不治去世。
(选自《参考消息》,有删改)
(1)下面对文章有关内容的分析和概括,最恰当的两项是( )(5分)
A.“从军队到政坛的传奇人生”这个标题既简练精要地概括了全文内容,又恰到好处地告诉读者查韦斯由一名军人通过政变成为委内瑞拉总统的传奇人生。
B.查韦斯之所以发动军事政变,是因为他认为如果平民政府不能保护社会中的贫民,军队就有责任介入。他也因为领导了这次虽败犹荣的政变而首次出名。
C.因为查韦斯代表着穷人的利益,所以他进行一系列有利于穷人的改革,这些改革得到了委内瑞拉全国人民的支持,因此他在1998年顺利地当选总统。
D.本文篇幅短小,语言简洁朴素,短短一千多字就把查韦斯从出生到死的全部经历展现在读者眼前,刻画出一个人民斗士形象。
E.全文从多个角度对查韦斯进行叙写,向我们展现了一位为民服务的英雄人物的成长过程,虽然他在事业未竟就英年早逝,但实在令人钦佩。
(2)这篇传记主要从哪些方面介绍查韦斯的?请做简要概括。(6分)
(3) “没有走耶稣基督的路”是查韦斯指责教会领导人的话,请结合基督教的知识和原文谈谈你对这句话的理解。(6分)
(4)查韦斯自认为是一名社会主义革命者,一生都在为把委内瑞拉改造成社会主义国家努力,如果你是一名人民公仆,可以向查韦斯学习那些优秀品质?请结合文本和生活实际谈谈你的认识。(8分)
第Ⅱ卷(共80分)
13.下列各句中,加点成语使用正确的一项是 ( )(3分)
A.有些同学为了在平时多挤出一些时间来提高自己的学习成绩,于是拼命地开夜车,不运动,不交往……真是想尽了办法,无所不为。这样是不行的,学习要讲科学。
B.仿佛昨天才踏进校门,谁料倏忽之间,高中三年已经过去,吉光片羽,无处寻觅,令人唏嘘不已。
C.这件事对我无异于晴空霹雳,如同一块珍藏多年价值连城的璧玉,顷刻间变成一块不名一钱的瓦片。
D.父亲最不放心的是家庭和谐问题,尽管他临终谆谆嘱咐,长子也“承涕自任”,但最后仍不免兄弟阋墙,家庭失和,落一个让人唏嘘不已的结局。
14.下列各句中,没有语病的一句是(3分)
A.刘量程的《一个人的村庄》、梭罗的《瓦尔登湖》等中外散文佳作,都具有积极的思想倾向,因而文笔清新自然,又充满思辨色彩,耐人咀嚼。
B.在科学技术是第一生产力的观念深入人心的今天,谁能不信高科技会给人类带来福音?正因为这样,难怪骗子们也要浑水摸鱼,打出高科技的幌子了。
C.梵高在死了很多年以后,评论家才像天文学家发现新星一样仰视他,赞叹他,而这一切和寂寞痛苦的梵高已毫不相干了。
D.淘宝网要做的就是打造电子商务的产业链势在必行,让这条产业链的各个环节共同发展,在创造社会价值的同时,分享电子商务带来的繁荣。
15.依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句,衔接最恰当的一组是(3分)
甲型H1N1流感为急性呼吸道传染病, 有时会出现呕吐和腹泻,严重的会导致死亡。
①人群对甲型H1N1流感病毒普遍易感,并可以人传染人,
②与以往或目前的季节性流感病毒不同,该病毒毒株包含有猪流感、禽流感和人流感三种流感病毒的基因片段,
③包括发热、咳嗽、头痛、肌肉和关节痛、咽痛以及流涕等,
④表现出的症状和感染和其他流感类似,
⑤其病原体是一种新型的甲型H1N1流感病毒,以往从未在人群中传播过,
A.⑤②①④③ B.②⑤①③④ C.②⑤③①④ D.⑤②③④①
16.下面是某出版社推介新书的一则广告,在标点、用词等方面存在多处问题,请指出并加以改正。(6分)
《国学备览》是一套中等规模的古籍(首都师范大学出版社出版)丛书,该书囊括了自先秦至晚清两千多年中国文化史名作中的81部,按传统的经、史、子、集顺序编排,涉及哲学、文学、小说、艺术、历史、医学等内容,其中既有《世说新语》《菜根谭》等短篇名著,也有《史记》《资治通鉴》等鸿篇巨制。整部丛书经过海内外以及大陆百名专家整理审阅,配有1600多幅相关图片,每部分均撰写了内容提要,全书600多万字。需购买该丛书者,务必于2012年3月底前与贵出版社联系,以便及时发货。
(1)_________________ ____ __ ________
(2)________________________________________________________________
(3)________________________________________________________________
(4)________________________________________________________________
(5)________________________________________________________________
(6)________________________________________________________________
17、请看下面一幅公益广告图片,根据要求答题。(5分)
请看下面一幅公益广告图片,根据要求答题。(5分)
(1)请给这幅公益广告图片加一句“广告语”。
(2)请介绍一下广告图片的内容。
18.阅读下面的材料,按要求作文。(60分)
(1)只管走过去,不必逗留着去采了花朵来保存,因为一路上,花朵自会继续开放的。——泰戈尔
(2)生命是一条美丽而曲折的幽径,路旁有恋花的丽蝶,累累的果实,但我们很少去停留观赏或咀嚼它,只一心一意地渴望赶到我们幻想中更加美丽的豁然开明的大道。然而在前进的程途中,却逐渐树影凄凉,花蝶匿迹,果实无存,最后终于发觉到达了一个荒漠。——萨拉
要求:选好角度,确立立意,明确文体,自拟标题;不要脱离材料内容及含意的范围作文,不要套作,不要抄袭。
[来源:学&科&网]
2014届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试西工大附中第一次适应性训练
语文参考答案
1.D 应该体现万川之月的第一个含义。
2.A 范围扩大应该是受天人合一哲学观念的影响。
3.C 无中生有,文中没有出现比较。
4.D报怨:应为“报复仇怨”,《过秦论》中有“士不敢弯弓而报怨”。
5.D (“长者”在文中应指“德高望重”
“有德行的人”。A项①表现其深得赏识;B项②表现其卓越才干;C项①表现其对朝廷的赤诚,②表现其坚持正义。D项正确)
6.B (原文并未提到“心有不快”。)
7.(1)韩绛因奏议张茂实不应主持(掌管)宿卫一职被罢职,赵概上任后,首先奏议这件事,张茂实最终离任宿卫一职。(“典、罢、竟”各1分,句意2分)
(2)(赵概)因张诰被贬职六年,(但)他对张诰始终念念不忘,张诰死后,赵概体恤照顾他的家人非常周到。(“坐、恤、备至”各1分,句意2分)
【参考译文】
赵概,字叔平,南京虞城人。年少时勤奋学习能自力,器量见识宏远。中进士,任集贤校理、开封府推官。在殿中奏事,(因才干突出)仁宗当面奖赐他金银锦帛。
赵概从京城到洪州任职,洪州西南靠近章江,有河水泛滥的忧患,赵概筑河堤长二百丈,高五丈,用来阻挡河水的冲击,章江水患得以解除。属官郑陶、饶奭把持郡里事务,行不法之事,前任郡守都不能制住他们。洪州的归顺士兵,都是以前的强盗。饶奭编造流言说:“士兵得到的饷米都是陈旧腐烂之米,士兵有怨言,(如果)不给更换好米,士兵将要生变。”赵概没有搭理。有从容州驻地逃回而违禁夜行的士卒,赵概杀了这些士兵示众,并趁机抓捕了陶、奭二人进行抵罪,(这样以来)整个红州府都为之惊惧。升任直集贤院。(赵概)因举荐渑池县令张诰之失而被免职,很长时间后才被重新起用。
朝廷召赵概编修起居注。欧阳修是后来(被召编修起居注)的,朝廷想破格使用欧阳修,(但)难在不好超越次序(进行提拔)。赵概知道后,主动请求外放任郡官,被任命为章阁待制,欧阳修于是任知制诰。一年多,赵概才取代欧阳修。苏舜钦等人聚众宴饮被罢逐,赵概说:“参加宴饮的都是馆、阁的名士,(如果)全都把他们罢免,会让士大夫们因不满而生怨恨,这非国家之福。”(最终苏舜钦等人)没被上报朝廷。谏官郭申锡因议论有关事情违犯了皇上意旨,皇上要治罪于他,赵概说:“陛下当初还当面训示郭申锡不要表面顺从,现在要罢免他,(这样的话,陛下)拿什么来向天下人解释呢?”皇上因此没有对郭申锡治罪。任职郓州、应天府,代韩绛任御史中丞。韩绛因奏议张茂实不应主持宿卫一职被罢职,赵概上任后,首先奏议这件事,张茂实最终没能任宿卫一职。赵概被提拔为枢密使、参知政事。几次借年老要求辞职。
熙宁初年,赵概任观文殿学士、知徐州。自左丞转任吏部尚书,这以前,由左丞升任吏部尚书,从来没有(先例)。(后来赵概)以太子少师这一身份(或:职务)辞官回家,退居十五年,曾收集集古今谏争之事,编写《谏林》一百二十卷呈给皇上。神宗赐诏说:“因年老辞官回家的官员,一般都是以不让自己的说辞、议论等传至朝廷为高。唯卿有志爱君,即使退处山林,也未曾一日忘君啊。我当把这本书放在座右(指拿起来方便),不时地用来审视阅览。”元丰六年去世,年八十八。赠太子太师,谥康靖。
赵概秉性和平,与人没有怨仇。虽然在一些事情上(表面上)像是没有说什么,但暗地里对别人有利的事情做了不少,人们把他比作刘宽、娄师德。(赵概)因张诰被贬职六年,(但)他对张诰始终念念不忘,张诰死后,赵概照顾他的家人非常周到。欧阳修对待赵概一向冷淡,(但)等欧阳修有了讼案,只有赵概一个人向皇帝上奏章阐明他无罪,说欧阳修是被仇人诬陷,不能用天下人的法律为个人报复仇怨。欧阳修由此才得以解困,才开始叹服赵概是一个长者。
“独”是孤单的意思,“空”是空旷,寂寥的意思。(2分)渲染了亲友离别之后孤单,寂寞,苦苦相思的凄清伤感的氛围。(3分)
9.作者运用通感(比喻)的手法,(1分)在颔联中描绘了一幅暮春时节,风逐柳絮,鸟儿哀鸣的伤春画面。(2分)在颈联中描绘了灯下只影落泪,楼头伥立相思的凄凉场景,(2分)以生动的画面形象地表现了筝声之“悲怨”。(1分)
10、①风之积也不厚 ②飞湍瀑流争喧豗 ③祗辱于奴隶人之手
④忳郁邑余侘傺兮 ⑤举匏樽以相属 ⑥瀚海阑干百丈冰
11.(1)E 3分,B 2分,
A1分(A项中“失落感”不准确;C项错在李生不是“准备回家”而被雾“吓慌了”,因雾而想回家;D项中“所有的人也像他一样,急切地想回到家乡回到亲人身边却又回不去”文无根据。)
(2)(6分)①交代了故事产生的背景和原因。②烘托了人物紧张、慌乱的心理。③象征着人在城市里的迷失。④是雾让李生强烈地感受到与亲人的阻隔。⑤线索作用,串联故事情节,设置人物活动背景。(答出一点2分,两点4分,三点6分)(意近即可,酌情给分。)
(3)(6分)标题“孤城”,一语双关。(1分)①表面上指一座被大雾封锁,交通中断(出城的道路被封锁)的城市。(2分)②暗指主人公自己就是一座孤城:处境上,作为外来的农村人孤独地在城市里打拼;心理上,在这个城市,与亲人隔绝,没有朋友,没有可以交流的对象,内心倍感孤独。(3分)(意近即可,酌情给分。)
(4)(8分)李生在回乡与返城之间的心理是矛盾的。①当大雾阻隔了城市和乡村的交通时,这种阻隔使李生产生了恐惧,害怕家乡和亲人与自己隔绝,害怕失去故土和亲人,所以拼命想出城回家乡。②李生在一个谋生的城市,在无人为伴,无人可以交流,感到孤独时,就格外地想念家乡,想念亲人,所以想回乡。③李生还要在城里工作,城里有他的理想、事业的追求。④李生认为,只要能时常回家乡看看,知道家乡的亲人平安健康,这就够了。⑤现实中,许多人常常不得不像李生一样为了自己追求的理想、学业或事业而离开家乡和亲人,坚持着孤独地在城市里打拼。乡村温情与事业追求的矛盾,亲友情感与城市孤独的矛盾,由此产生了复杂而现实的矛盾心理。(意近即可,酌情给分。)
⑴B项3分,E项2分,D项1分,全部经历言过其实,A项查韦斯是通过民选当上总统的,C项没有得到全国人民的支持,只有穷人和中产阶级支持。
⑵1、查韦斯的政治理念;2、查韦斯发动政变(失败);3、查韦斯通过民选当上总统;4、查韦斯出色的口才;5、查韦斯面临的困境。(答对3点给5分,答对4点给满分。)
⑶基督教的教义是“博爱”,严于律己,宽以待人,爱人如己。(答“关心人民大众,拯救受苦受难的人们”给1分)(2分)而教会领导人“无视穷人利益,偏袒反对派,捍卫富豪”,没有严守教义,所以这句话是查韦斯对教会领导人提出的严厉批评,(2分)也表明他对穷人的同情关心,代表着穷人的利益。(2分)
主要优秀品质:1、批评政府腐败,加强廉政建设;2、代表穷人利益,为劳苦大众谋利益;3、坚持正义,敢于批评美国的霸权主义。观点2分,结合文本联系生活4分,总体语言组织2分。
13.D(兄弟阋墙:阋,争斗。兄弟之间的纠纷,也比喻内部争斗。
吉光片羽:吉光,古代神话中的神马名;片羽,一片羽毛。古代传说,吉光是神兽,毛皮为裘,入水数日不沉,入火不焦。“吉光片羽”指神兽的一小块毛皮,比喻残存的珍贵文物,现常比作从前生活中稀少的、值得回忆的往事。也作“吉光片裘”。此处用“雪泥鸿爪”。雪泥,融化着雪水的泥土;鸿爪,大雁在雪泥上踏过留下的爪印。比喻往事遗留的痕迹。
不名一钱:名:占有。一个钱也没有。形容极其贫穷。
无所不为:指什么坏事都干。贬义。褒贬不当。)
(A.不合逻辑,强加因果。“具有积极的思想倾向”与“文笔清新自然,又充满思辨色彩,耐人咀嚼”之间没有必然的因果联系。可去掉“因而”。C.中途易辙。应改为“在梵高死了很多年之后”。D.结构混乱。应改为“淘宝网要做的就是打造电子商务的产业链,”去掉“势在必行”。)
16.解析:
本题考查正确使用标点符号、词语以及辨析并修改病句的能力。解题时,一般需要通读一遍,注意关键性词句。其中标点考查到括号的位置,括号应该紧贴被解释的部分,即将“(首都师范大学出版社出版)”移到“《国学备览》”后面。此外一些用语不得体,如“务必”语气过于强硬,“贵”谦辞使用不当。还有语义重复问题,如“文学”中包含“小说”,“海内外”包括“大陆”。最后还有用词不当,如“囊括”。
答案:(1)将“(首都师范大学出版社出版)”移到“《国学备览》”后面;(2)将“囊括”改为“精选”或其他正确的词;(3)去掉“小说”或“文学”;(4)去掉“海内外”的“内”或“以及大陆”;(5)“务必”改为“请”;(6)把“贵出版社”改为“我社”。
(1)例:贪欲等于自毁,请勿铤而走险。(点出“贪”及其结果,语言简明。)
(2)示例:图片以现实中一个掩面痛悔的人为背景,主体是一个大大的“贪”字,造型是一个瘫坐于地的人,因贪念被囚高墙,脚戴镣铐,后悔哭泣。画面中心突出,采用形象化的“贪”字揭示贪念的后果,警醒世人。
18. 综合两则材料,可得出以下立意:在赶路时不忘欣赏风景、追求梦想而又注重过程等等。
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试西工大附中第一次适应性训练
第一部分 英语知识运用(共四节,满分55分)
第一节 语音知识(共5小题,
每小题1分,满分5分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。
1. comfort A. wonder B.
postcard C. diamond D. cloth
2. pear A. clear B.
beard C. wear D.
3. soup A. proud B.
country C. thousand D.
4. planet A. rank B.
handle C. language D.
5. ropes A. grades B.
tomatoes C. advises D.
第二节: 情景对话
(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)
根据对话内容,从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Mrs. Brown is angry for the room of the hotel. She wants to have
a talk with the manager.
Mrs. Brown:Could I see your manager, please? I have a complaint
Manager: Yes. I’m the manager here. 6
Mrs. Brown: Did you have the room checked before we moved
Manager: 7
Mrs. Brown: 309. The toilet doesn’t work properly and the water
doesn’t run in the
Manager: 8 I’ll attend to it right away. The housekeeper
usually checks every
room before new guests move in. We have been extremely busy with
large conference these days.
Mrs. Brown: But it’s your business. 9
Manager: No, madam. I do apologize. It’s most unusual. We’ll
change your room to
506. It has a beautiful view of the sea. 10
Mrs. Brown: That’s not bad. Thanks for your help.
Manager: It’s my pleasure, madam.
A. We often have every room checked at 8:00 am.
B. And you’ll enjoy a free three-day stay in our hotel.
C. Which room are you in, madam?
D. I’m very sorry to hear that.
E. I think you should change my room.
F. I never expected this sort of thing to happen in such a
G. What can I do for you, madam?
第三节 语法和词汇知识
(共15小题,每小题1分,满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
11. The “Chinese Dream” is ____ dream to improve people’s
well-being and ____ dream of harmony, peace and development.
A. a B. a C. the D. the
12. The notice on the door reads “No one ____, without
permission, enter the area.”
A. may B. must C. will D. shall
13. Though China’s economy is speeding fast, China’s average
family income is far below ____ of the developed countries.
A. each B. one C. that D. those
14. ---- May I go to play football with Dick now, Dad?
---- No, you can’t go out ____ your work is being done.
A. before B. until C. after D. as
15. To tell the truth, I would rather that I ____ the pain
instead of you. You don’t know how worried I was.
A. have taken B. had taken C. took D. should have taken
16. Why not have a try downtown, Bob? That’s ____the best jobs
A. when B. what C. where D. that
17. Though the video for Gangnam Style has attracted more than a
billion viewers, it
doesn’t ____ me.
A. refer to B. apply to C. adapt to D. appeal to
18. I enjoyed very much the three years ____ it had taken me to
study English at school.
A. what B. which C. when D. how
19. This is the only one of the oldest customs that ____ up in
this district up to now.
A. was kept B. were kept
C. has been kept D. have been kept
20. China will keep a close eye on the development of a
Taiwanese fisherman ____ by the Philippine Coast Guard.
A. shot dead B. shooting dead
C. being shot deadly D. being shot dead
21. ---- I’m sorry to interrupt you, sir, but I need your help
A. I’m afraid you can’t. B. It’s OK. Go ahead.
C. It’s my pleasure. D. You are welcome.
22. ---- I wonder why nobody but you was absent from my birthday
---- Oh, sorry. I ____ a very important meeting.
A. attended B. have attended C. had attended D. was
23. From the countryside ____ that the enemy were gone.
A. did the news come B. came the news
C. the news came D. had the news come
24. ____ and we’ll fulfill our dream of going to college.
A. A few months more B. Having a few months more
C. A more few months D. Spending a few months more
25. Difficult as rumors on microblog, or Weibo, are ____, the
authorities will step up supervision so that people will not be
easily misled.
A. preventing B. to be prevented C. to prevent D. being
第四节 完形填空 (共20
小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
My mother likes to travel, which is not something she can
normally afford to do. But she’s found a 26 to earn extra
money so she can go wherever she wants.
She 27 at garage sales(旧货市场) with my aunt. They each have
28 things they know a lot about, so they go from garage sale
to garage sale, searching for 29 treasures. They buy them,
take them home, and sell them on eBay. It’s 30 , but it
works. Here’s an example. Recently, my mom bought a perfume bottle
for 10 dollars and she 31 it on eBay for $150.
That happens all of the time. My aunt once 32 a nice set of
luggage marked at $100. She knew it was worth more, 33 she
bought it. Later she earned $300!
34 a lot of people do this, and some are even 35 . They
even have quarrels sometimes. They know one thing really well, and
they 36 at garage sales until they find it. Some of these
people are just 37 , but others are like my mom, who will
just turn around and sell the stuff for a 38 on eBay. She’ll
read about a(n) 39 in the paper, and she’ll be there early,
trying to get the best deals.
My mom not only 40 a lot of money from garage sales, but she
also has fun. So far, she has 41 to Turkey, Costa Rica and
Switzerland.
So I believe that my mom would do the garage sales 42 it
wasn’t a way to earn extra money because she loves it. What I have
43 from my mother is that we have to do something we
44 . If you do it just for the money, there’s a good chance
you won’t 45 with it because you’ll discover you don’t like
it. No one can go far without passion.
26. A. job
27. A. shops
C. appears
28. A. secret
B. certain
D. interesting
29. A. forgotten
B. dropped
C. abandoned
30. A. safe
D. effective
31. A. charged
C. offered
32. A. found
B. brought
C. produced
33. A. unless
D. because
34. A. Happily
B. Actually
C. Obviously
D. Luckily
35. A. partners
B. competitors
C. experts
D. friends
36. A. run
37. A. supporters
B. volunteers
C. collectors
D. businessmen
38. A. profit
B. holiday
C. purpose
39. A. sale
B. article
40. A. demands
41. A. sailed
C. traveled
D. explored
42. A. even if
C. in case
D. so that[来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&K]
43. A. suffered
D. learned
44. A. hate
B. choose[来源:]
45. A. deal
D. connect
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节,满分40分)
第一节:(
共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
There were once two people travelling on a train, a scientist
and a poet, who were riding in the same compartment (车厢). There
wasn’t much conversation between the two.
The poet was looking out the window at the beauty of the passing
land. The scientist was trying to think of things he didn’t know.
Finally, the scientist was so bored that he said to the poet, “Hey,
do you want to play a game?” The poet ignored him and continued
looking out the window. The scientist asked again, “Hey, you, do
you want to play a game? I’ll ask you a question, and if you get it
wrong, you give me $5. Then, you ask me a question, and if I can’t
answer it, I’ll give you $5.”
The poet decided against it, seeing that the scientist was
obviously a very bright man. He politely turned down the
scientist’s offer. The scientist tried a final time. “Look, I’ll
ask you a question, and if you can’t answer it, you give me $5.
Then you ask me a question, and if I can’t answer it, I’ll give you
$50!” Now, the poet accepted the offer. “Okay,” the scientist said,
“what is the exact distance between the Earth and the Moon?”
The poet did not know the answer. He took a $5 note out and
handed it to the scientist. The scientist accepted the note and
said, “Now it’s your turn.”
The poet asked, “What goes up a mountain on three legs, but
comes down on four?” The bright glow quickly disappeared from the
scientist’s face. After about an hour, the scientist gave up. He
handed the poet a $50 note. The poet accepted it, turning back to
the window.
“Wait!” the scientist shouted. “What’s the answer?” The poet
looked at the scientist and calmly put another $5 note into his
46. The scientist suggested a game to ____.
A. kill time
B. win some money
C. prove his cleverness
D. make friends with the poet
47. Why did the poet refuse it when the scientist first invited
him to play a game?
A. He was too busy to play the game.
B. He thought the scientist was joking.
C. He didn’t have much money on him.
D. He had no confidence to win the game.
48. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. The poet was secretly happy.
B. The poet knew the exact answer.
C. The scientist wanted to continue the game.
D. The scientist thought the poet was smart academically.
49. The main purpose of the text is ____.
A. to inform the reader of an accident
B. to remind the reader to be careful
C. to educate the reader
D. to amuse the reader
The sights of spring
MIRROR LAKE, YOSEMITE, CALIFORNIA
As the snow melts from the mountains of Yosemite National
Park every March, the valley between the
mountains swells with water. The result is a large, perfectly still
seasonal lake that gives a near-perfect reflection of the peaks
above it. Mirror Lake has probably been around for centuries, but
don’t wait forever to go and see it. It’s rapidly filling with mud
these days, and may disappear within many people’s lifetimes.
BLACK SUN, SOUTHERN JUTLAND, DENMARK
Thousands of starlings(欧椋鸟) that arrive at Tonder Marsh each
year create an awesome sight. The birds, migrating north from
southern Europe to Scandinavia, stop in the area to feed on the
many insects that live in the damp grass. But at dusk they rise
together into the sky and perform a 20-minute ballet ---- changing
direction over and over ---- that can almost block out the sun.
There’s a reason for their amazing dancing, which can be seen
from mid-March to early April ---- the birds head for the safety of
reed (芦苇) beds to sleep for the night, and want to confuse their
enemies as to where they’re going.
LAS FALLAS, VALENCIA,
SPAIN[来源:学.科.网]
It’s not just the British who love huge politically themed
bonfires (篝火). Every year, Valencians build 300 cardboard statues,
parading them through the streets and setting fire to them.
The models can be over 20-feet high, and are often
unpopular politicians. At the end of the Las Fallas festival (March
15 --19), the models are stuffed with
fireworks ---- and when they all go up, it can seem as if the whole
city is burning.
It’s thought the event started with 18th-century
carpenters, who burned their oil-lamp holders as winter ended and
they no longer needed them to work.
EL CASTILLO PYRAMID, CHICHEN ITZA, MEXICO
Lots of places mark the spring equinox(春分) on March 20, but
perhaps the most impressive is the El Castillo pyramid of Chichen
Itza, Mexico, built by the ancient Mayas around AD 750.
Huge crowds gather each year as the sun casts shadows against
the north-west corner, like a snake winding its way down the
pyramid’s side. This is thought to have acted as a sign for the
local people to start planting corn.
50. Which of the following does the author advise people to see
as soon as possible?
A. Mirror Lake in Yosemite.
B. Black Sun in Southern Jutland.
C. Las Fallas in Valencia.
D. The EL Castillo pyramid of Chichen Itza.
51. The starlings at Tonder Marsh rise together into the sky at
dusk to ____.
A. catch insects
B. attract visitors
C. protect themselves
D. look for reed beds
52. The Las Fallas festival is a festival for people to
A. voice their anger
B. honor carpenters
C. learn more about politics
D. celebrate the end of winter
53. It can be learned from the text that ____.
A. the British also celebrate the Las Fallas festival
B. the El Castillo pyramid has a history of 750 years
C. starlings like living in southern Europe in summer
D. Mirror Lake can only be seen in a particular season
Wikipedia(维基百科) is a non-profit website funded by donations,
started on 15th January, 2001. “Wiki” means “quick” in
the Hawaiian language. These days, most people go straight to
Wikipedia, the online encyclopedia(百科), to look something up. But
how reliable is it?
The site attracts 78 million visitors every month, and it is
available in more than 270 different languages. It’s one of the
most comprehensive(综合的) resources available, and
it’s got much more information than an ordinary encyclopedia. The
site is updated on a daily basis by thousands of people around the
world. Anyone with an Internet connection can look through and edit
the contents or add a new page at any time. And you don’t need any
formal training.
Of course, there are some controls. Wikipedia has a team of more
than 1500 administrators who check for false information. And main
targets for horrible comments (such as politicians) are forbidden
to public editing. But with more than 16 million articles to keep
an eye on, it isn’t easy. So, while Wikipedia benefits from being
constantly updated with information from all over the world, it’s
also open to “vandals”.
Some of the damage is easy to notice. Someone drew horns and a moustache on Microsoft
chairman Bill Gates’ photo. But other things are harder to spot.
The most common form of vandalism involves adding tiny items of
false information into the biography of a famous person.
Unbelievably, some of this misinformation has appeared in
newspapers, with The Daily Mail, The Guardian and
The Independent all having fallen victim to the tricks. For
example, in an obituary(讣告) for British comedian Sir Norman Wisdom,
one newspaper claimed that he co-wrote Dame Vera Lynn’s wartime
song “There’ll be Bluebirds over the White Cliffs of Dover”.
In fact, he did no such thing.
So if you’re going to use any information from Wikipedia, make
sure you double-check it first.
54. What do we know about Wikipedia?
A. It makes profits from its users.
B. It is run by the Hawaiian government.
C. It is the most popular website worldwide.
D. It provides a huge amount of information.
55. The underlined word “vandals” in Paragraph 3 refers
to those who____.
A. take care of something
B. get benefits from others
C. deliberately damage things for fun
D. take responsibility for something
56. The example of Norman Wisdom’s obituary is used to show
A. some newspapers like The Guardian are
irresponsible
B. Wikipedia sometimes contains false information
C. Norman Wisdom is unpopular with some people
D. Wikipedia affects people’s lives greatly
57. The author advises readers to ____.
A. look through Wikipedia frequently
B. update Wikipedia on a daily basis
C. turn to other websites for valid information
D. be careful when using the information from Wikipedia
Recently, our school cut the length of recess(课间休息) down from 30
minutes a day to 20 minutes. This is terrible! In my opinion,
recess should be made longer instead of shorter. And I have found
many reasons to back my idea.
First, studies show that people learn better when they have a
short break once in a while. Studying takes a lot of hard work and
concentration. After a while, your brain just gets tired. I figure
if a short break helps you focus better, then a long one will help
even more.
Second, our parents and teachers are always telling us about how
when they were little, they ran around outside for hours every day.
Our parents won’t let us do that! They make us stay in the
apartment after school. If we had two hours of recess, we could
learn all of the cool games our parents played when they were kids.
We would have more to talk to our parents about!
Third, adults always complain that we watch too much TV, we play
too many electronic games and that we eat too much fast food.
Well, I have a great answer to this problem. Where’s the one
place where there are no TVs or computers or fast-food restaurants?
You guessed it: the playground! Under my recess proposal, kids
would be guaranteed hours each day where they had to be active and
creative instead of couch potatoes. Our legs would be like steel.
Our arms would be like iron. We could turn into a nation of
superheroes!
Last, some people will probably say that the school day is not
long enough for a two-hour recess. They will say that we need to
spend all of our time on reading, math, writing, science, and
social studies. I say that a two-hour recess will teach skills that
will help us in ALL our other subjects. Learning counting-out and
jump-rope rhymes is kind of like memorizing poetry, so it will help us with
reading. Keeping score is a math skill. Being outside, we will see
a lot of birds and worms, which is science. Learning how kids get
along in groups is part of social studies.
Fellow Darnell Elementary students: Talk to your teachers, your
parents, and your neighbors. Help me spread the word of my
great plan.
58. In the author’s opinion, longer recess ____.
A. proves helpful in making kids focus in class
B. may improve parent-child relationships
C. is considered necessary by parents
D. will be easily accepted by schools
59. To prove longer recess helps students with their subjects,
the author____.
A. makes some comparisons
B. uses some scientific facts
C. gives a lot of examples
D. lists different opinions
60. Which of the following shows the structure of the text?
A. P1 B. P1
P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P2 P3 P4
C. P1 D. P1
P2 P3 P4 P6 P2 P3 P4 P6
( P1 = Paragraph 1, P2 = Paragraph 2 …… )
第二节:(
共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分
Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading
from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not
A. Take action
B. Love yourself
C. Live in the present
D. Listen to your own voice
E. Find out what you want
F. Be open to change and growth
Five Clear Steps to Success
As I think about success there are five areas that jump out. If
we put our energy into these areas we will be successful.
Inside you are the answers to what you need for yourself in
order to feel successful. It could be that you want more love,
income, a meaningful relationship and so on. When you make time to
listen to yourself you will see the direction you want to take.
Your heart will not cheat you. Instead it will challenge you and
remind you that you are capable of more.
What you want to do is let go of other’s voices and expect
yourself to listen to your own. If you are not used to paying
attention to yourself, put effort into hearing what you care about.
This is a most important step.
Did you know that the way we increase self-confidence is by
expecting more of ourselves? Success comes from taking risks to
move out of your comfort zone by attempting new things, taking care
of your body, and trusting that you can develop a mind-set (思想的形式)
that is built on growth.
Sadly many people either live in the past or worry about the
future. The present is the only place where we can be. By living in
the present, you will look for opportunities and take action in the
present. When you are fully engaged in the present you start living
into your ideas of success.
When you like who you are, it becomes so much easier to interact
with others. They sense that your life is built on love which will
bring success. You will find that you are not alone in your quest
for life success. You will appreciate having people in your life
who will help you achieve what you want.
第三部分 写作(共三节,满分55分)
第一节:单词拼写(共10分,每题1分)
根据下列句子及所给汉语注解,写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。(每空只写一个单词)
66. There wasn’t enough water to ____ (漂浮) the ship.
67. They used to be____ (打字员) at the head office.
68. She was forced to have her baby ____ (收养).
69. To his surprise, the decision was made in his ____ (缺席).
70. These tales are ____ (熟悉的) to Chinese children.
71. It is time that the doctors ____ (手术) on the knees of the
72. She was wearing even more ____ (珠宝饰物) than the Queen.
73. It was ____ (打雷) while he was on his way home.
74. The broadcast came from America by____ (人造卫星).
75. It is said that he gets more than $ 100,000 a year ____
第二节:短文改错:(共10小题,每小题1.5分,满分15分)
文中共有10处错误,涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在此处加一个漏字符号 ( ∧ ),并在其下面写出修改的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线 ( \ ) 划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在其下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从十一处起)不计分。
When an English traveler, who spent a few week in Sweden, was
about to return to
home, he found he had only enough money left to get a ticket to
England. Since it
was only two-day voyage, he believed he can get home without
eating anything.
He final bought a ticket with that little money and went to
board the ship. He closed
his ears to the sound of the lunch bell or refused to go to the
place where people had
his dinner when dinnertime came. Therefore, he couldn’t stand
this any longer and
went to the dining hall, enjoy the last meal on the ship. He
then said, “Waiter, brings
me the bill.” “Oh, meals are included in the ticket.” said the
第三节:书面表达(满分30分)
面对高三紧张的学习生活你感到很茫然,因此你打算静下心来,为自己的高三学习生活好好规划一番,以使自己尽快进入正常的学习状态。请以“My
Third Year in Senior High School”为题,写一篇英语短文规划一下你的高三生活。
注意: 词数:120左右
My Third Year in Senior High School
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[来源:学#科#网]
____________________________________________________________________
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2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试西工大附中第一次适应性训练
英语参考答案
1 -- 5 ACDBD
6 --10 GCDFB
11-15 BDCDB
16-20 CDBCD
21-25 BDBAC
26-30 BABDC
DACBB[来源:学+科+网Z+X+X+K]
36-40 DCAAB
41-45 CADCB
46-49 ADAD
50-53 ACAD
54-57 DCBD
61-65 EDFCB
单词拼写:
66. float 67. typists 68. adopted 69. absence 70. familiar
71. operated 72. jewels 73. thundering 74. satellite 75.
altogether
1. week → weeks 2. 去掉home前to 3. only后加a
4. can → could 5. final → finally 6. or → and
7. dinner前his → their 8. Therefore→ However
9. enjoy → enjoying 10. brings → bring
参考作文:
My Third Year in Senior High School
Senior 3 is one of the most important years of my life because
it will have a great influence on my future. Everybody wants to get the best
possible grades at school but how can this be achieved?
Firstly, I plan to keep a balance between study and relaxation.
We are not a machine and if we fail to relax, eventually we will
suffer from stress, which will harm our study.
Secondly, I’m going to develop efficient study habits, such as
taking notes properly, revising every day, planning the revision
schedule and not leaving things until the last minute.
I think Senior 3 is tough but it can also be rewarding if we use
our time effectively. Time is money so use it wisely.
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