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打算开始做考研英语真题了，一直纠结买考研真相的哪个版本，求推荐
根据自己的情况来决定买哪本，如果时间充足的话就购买《考研真相（基础加强版）》共27年的真题，让你可以有充足的时间来复习，如果时间紧迫的话就买《考研真相（精编五年版）》年的真题，都是对学习很有帮助的，谢谢。& &补充：&&《考研真相》这个书很不错，纸质很好，版面的设计也比较合理，色调也选的比较合适，给人一种奋斗拼搏的激情，内容解释的也很详细逐词句解析，最主要的是适合基础薄弱的同学。
一般考研真相至少要过三遍；第一遍，认真读每一篇文章，题目做不对不用在乎，把查了单词也搞不懂的句子找出来，单独写在本子上，在完全弄得的基础上背下来。通过这个过程，目的是从本质上提高你的阅读水平和写作水平。 2 第二遍，回归文章，如同
张剑的黄皮书吧，比较好一些，他的阅读120篇你做完了吗，考研英语和6级不是一个档次的
tommychan88
首先，我们说说市场上目前有的几类真题，一类是基础类的，以《考研真相》为代表;一类是技巧类的，以张剑的黄皮书为代表，再一类就是纯粹搞真题阅读的，以新东方的真题阅读为代表。 先说《考研真相》怎么一个基础法。这本真题解析书全书中英对照
单纯的背考研词汇书会非常的乏味，效果也不理想，反复做真题，在真题的句子中揣摩词句对记单词大有裨益。英语阅读有必要买，张剑的150篇是大部分考生的原则，做练习不是为了碰运气做到真题，而是培养语感和阅读速度，同时能巩固单词在大脑中的记
明天会美好
近几年来考研英语一使用率最高的三本书大致为《考研真相》、《历年考研英语真题解析及复习思路》、《历年考研英语一真题/汇编王》等三本； 其中，《考研真相》是公认的适合基础薄弱者使用的真题书（逐句解析历年真题，详细至极，重点突出词汇和
你的美由内而外
黄皮书涵盖了阅读、真题解析和词汇等，比较全面。 与黄皮书同样知名的还有一部《考研真相》，这个讲解起来，比较详细。更适合英语基础稍差的同学。 其实，从我个人的体会，考验主要考的是词汇和阅读理解。所以，应试者应该以这两方面的训练为主。
红宝书10年真题就很好。查看: 6524|回复: 29
只看真题行吗？
主题帖子积分
报考学校浙江大学
本科学校华中师范大学
听一些人说考研的唯一资料是真题。让把真题反反复复的研习……当然单词书还是要的。
请问，这样的方法行得通吗？
主题帖子积分
考研年份2008
报考学校中南大学
本科学校浙江大学
如果英语底子比较好 只做真题是可以的
我英语大概情况就是大一过四级 86
大二复习一个星期过六级 64
考研英语做了一遍真题 看了看作文 就没有花别的时间了
单词可以只背高频词汇就可以了
你自己对比一下
然后去选择
主题帖子积分
报考学校浙江大学
本科学校华中师范大学
回复 2# 的帖子
感谢o(∩_∩)o...
主题帖子积分
王道论坛中级道友, 积分 833, 距离下一级还需 167 积分
王道论坛中级道友, 积分 833, 距离下一级还需 167 积分
报考学校中国科技大学
本科学校山东大学
行不通，在下认为尤其是英语阅读是用作题喂出来的。我现在正用着张锐编的精读120和郝宏蕾编的同源阅读，感觉和真题思路很相近，很不错。当然真题做多少遍都是不为过的
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王道论坛初级道友, 积分 35, 距离下一级还需 165 积分
王道论坛初级道友, 积分 35, 距离下一级还需 165 积分
考研年份2009
报考学校华中科大
本科学校武汉理工
四级考86，超人啊，不过我六级考了70，我感觉还是不能掉以轻心，搞一本120题和真题一起练习吧
Wait For Single Object!
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王道论坛中级道友, 积分 645, 距离下一级还需 355 积分
王道论坛中级道友, 积分 645, 距离下一级还需 355 积分
浩方我们情况很一致，我也是大一下通过CET4，大二通过CET6。
主题帖子积分
报考学校浙江大学
本科学校华中师范大学
有人说模拟题路子不对，练多了不好。那哪本阅读好些？和真题接近度大？
主题帖子积分
考研年份2008
报考学校中南大学
本科学校浙江大学
回复 7# 的帖子
胡敏的听说还不错
我自己没用过
真题是有个路子的
模拟题做多了反而不好
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王道论坛初级道友, 积分 35, 距离下一级还需 165 积分
王道论坛初级道友, 积分 35, 距离下一级还需 165 积分
考研年份2009
报考学校华中科大
本科学校武汉理工
我觉得可以先研究真题，研究得很深了，在挑一些离真题近的题目测练一下
Wait For Single Object!
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王道论坛中级道友, 积分 242, 距离下一级还需 758 积分
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报考学校zju
本科学校hdu
英语这个东西基础太重要了。
主题帖子积分
考研年份2008
报考学校Nil
本科学校Nil
我觉得把基础打好了之后再看真题
所以说就因人而异了，因为每个人的基础不一样
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王道论坛初级道友, 积分 70, 距离下一级还需 130 积分
王道论坛初级道友, 积分 70, 距离下一级还需 130 积分
报考学校西电
本科学校陕西师范大学
在下觉得足够了。。。。
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王道论坛初级道友, 积分 108, 距离下一级还需 92 积分
王道论坛初级道友, 积分 108, 距离下一级还需 92 积分
报考学校中南大学
本科学校湖南师范大学
基础不好的不要尝试用这种方法
除非你的英语底子很好（比如说：浩帆 ）
但那毕竟是个别的
不是全都这样
盛年不重来，一日难再晨
及时当勉励，岁月不待人
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王道论坛中级道友, 积分 959, 距离下一级还需 41 积分
王道论坛中级道友, 积分 959, 距离下一级还需 41 积分
报考学校浙江大学
本科学校国防科技大学
真题最后3个月再做吧，
否则都背过了，第二遍不就流于形式吗~~::
个人觉得英语功夫在平时啊，大家还是平时多多积累，毕竟像浩帆这样的天才毕竟是少数
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王道论坛实习道友, 积分 8, 距离下一级还需 12 积分
王道论坛实习道友, 积分 8, 距离下一级还需 12 积分
报考学校浙大
本科学校武汉大学
真题的阅读需要精读吗？
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王道论坛初级道友, 积分 35, 距离下一级还需 165 积分
王道论坛初级道友, 积分 35, 距离下一级还需 165 积分
考研年份2009
报考学校华中科大
本科学校武汉理工
到现在共做了百篇多阅读，有点感觉了，打算暑假就开始研究真题
Wait For Single Object!
主题帖子积分
考研年份2008
报考学校中南大学
本科学校浙江大学
楼上说我天才的两个人....
相当地讽刺我
赵董英语才是天才呢！
主题帖子积分
王道论坛新道友, 积分 0, 距离下一级还需 1 积分
王道论坛新道友, 积分 0, 距离下一级还需 1 积分
报考学校浙江大学
本科学校浙江工业大学
个么...我基础很差要怎么复习额
|||王道论坛2016考研英语真题解析 | 考研英语真题——精英家教网——
成绩波动大？难提高？听顶级名师视频辅导，
& 2016考研英语真题解析
2016考研英语真题解析
发布时间：
　　2016真题解析
　　写法上：气氛渲染 、托物言志、以小见大、设置悬念、埋下伏笔、为后文作铺垫、欲扬先抑、借景抒情、寓情于景、托物言志等。
　　这次英语一，应该说完形填空难度上其实还是可以的，但是由于大部分同学可能先做了题，再做完形填空，因此可能到最后的时候就没有时间去操作完形填空了。所以这次的完形即使简单，可能也不会给大家带来更多利好的消息。这次应该来说我们英语的翻译题难度上的确是有所下降的，因为我们以前的翻译题考的都是一些论述性的，而且话题都比较的生涩，这次考叫做心理健康，这个话题对于大部分同学应该是比较容易操作的，而且每一个句子里面出现的句型结构主要都是一些并列句、定语从句，并没有像我们往常出现多重语言现象的结合，所以这次的翻译题，我觉得大家应该来说是可以能够得到5分到6分的，这是翻译题的部分。
　　这次新题型应该是超出了我们所有的预期，考的是小标题的。我们大家知道，我们之前给大家上课给大家讲过，说英语应该会考7选5或者是段落排序题。因为小标题对于英语的同学来说应该难度上有所降低，但是这次出题者可能也是想给大家一些机会，因为之前的很多同学在新题上都没法得到很高的分数，所以这次出题者希望大家能够去做一些新题型，因此也选择了一种比较简单的题型。所以我觉得这次新题型的小标题，大家应该做得也还不错。
　　主要来看这次的，这次的考的叫“”，就是我们所说的Notice。这次通知的话题，你们注意到了吗?其实是我们过去的题目的一个结合体，因为我们之前曾经考过一个给图书馆的建议，同时2010年考过一个告示，就是我们所说的通知。这次把告示和我们之前给图书馆的建议结合在一起了，要求大家假设你是一个图书馆的管理员，给一些外国写一些告示，告诉他们如何去使用
　　这个图书馆，或者告诉他们一些图书馆的信息，所以这次这个通知应该说难度上不算很大。
　　通知的很简单，中间部分写上Notice，下面就直接开始文章就开始了，两到三段左右，右下角署一下我们题目里面的要求，叫李林，但是建议大家不要写这个表达方式，因为它并不是我们所说的书信。
　　这次的大作文题目就简单了。首先由两幅画构成，左边一幅图画是有一个父亲在看着电视，右边是儿子正好在。父亲对着儿子说：去，好好学习去。右边一幅图画是父亲也在学习，儿子也在学习。下面给了一个中文标题，叫“与其只提要求，不如立下榜样”。你会发现，这个题目其实你一眼看过去是不是明显感觉出来，它的话题有很多样的感觉，可以讲如何在孩子的教育当中起到更好的作用，这是第一个。第二个，可以去写榜样很重要。第三个也可以去写一写行动非常的重要。我想给我们主持人出个题目，你来猜猜看这个题目讲的是什么?你觉得这个图讲的是什么?榜样的力量，对不对?是不是可以讲到父母在孩子的成长当中很重要?对不对?是不是也可以看到，上面中文说是与其去只提要求，是不是口语语言上的东西，不如树立榜样，是不是行动上?所以就说，也可以写行动很重要，所以你会发现这次的题目有个特点，不像往年，往年的题目怎么样呢?都是只有一个题目，必须写这个话题，一旦写偏就可能是偏题了。而这次题目很简单，是一个开源式的，可以给考生更多的发挥空间。这次的题目应该说从作文上讲给了更多大家一些展示自己语言的能力。所以我觉得这次整体作文应该说难度上并不算很大。好，这是英语一的。
　　From career to community and family, these contrasts suggest that in the aftermath of the searing Great Recession, those just starting out in life are defining priorities and expectations that will increasingly spread through virtually all aspects of American life, from consumer preferences to housing patterns to politics.
　　英语二：这次考试的作文部分，小作文考的叫做“祝贺+建议”，也算是祝贺性的回复。就是你的一个朋友获得了一个翻译比赛的胜利，需要给他一些我们的祝贺，同时要提出一些建议来。大作文考了一个饼状图，所有的英语二的考生都知道，我们的大作文考的只有四种图，分别为柱状图、曲线图、饼状图还有表格。去年刚刚考过饼状图，今年按照常规是不会考饼状图的。但是我们注意到可能一下子反押题了一下，又一次考了饼状图。饼状图这次考的叫。整个饼分成了这样几块：其中有37%说旅游是用于去欣赏风景的，还有33%是用于缓解压力的，还有9%是用来广交朋友的，还有6%是用来培养独立能力的，剩下的一些就是我们所说的其他。其他饼状图的最大卖点，这也是我在之前所有的书上都是不体现的，为什么?因为我只有在课上告诉大家这个饼状图怎么描述，因为饼状图最大的卖点就是用一句话就把整个饼展示完了。比如说刚才所有的书当中是不是最大的一块是欣赏风景，所以你可以说欣赏风景这一块是最大的一块，它占据了多少多少的百分比，而紧随其后的是谁谁谁，他们分别占了多少多少百分比，你看我一句话就把它全部展示完了。大家要注意的是，欣赏风景、缓解压力、广交朋友、培养独立能力，都是动词性结构，你在写的时候必须把它变成名词性结构。所以这是我们英语二的作文。
　　英语二的翻译，这次考的是超市设计了一些方式，为了让顾客能够待的时间更长一点，应该也跟是息息相关的。所以整体来说这次应该来说我们除了阅读理解之外，其他的题型应该说难度上还是可以的，所以我觉得大家应该还是能够考得还不错。
　　7 enough, firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were But it is really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities 9 why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researches controlled for various 10 that might make firms more likely to invest like size, industry , and sales-and-and for indicators that a place was11 to live in, like growth in wages or population. They link between happiness and investment generally 12 even after accounting for these things.
　　2017考研复习
　　在这里，我相信，当你看到这篇复习计划的时候，你已经决定考教育学，不管你的这个决定是出于教育学考研不考数学、教育学的前景抑或是身边考研的同学大多选择教育学，总之，你已经决定了考教育学并且想为之付出努力。
　　不管是古语：一天之计在于晨，一年之计在于春，还是俗语：早起鸟儿有虫吃，都在告诉我们早开始的重要性。而“好的开始是成功的一半”“事半功倍”却告诉我们：计划的重要性。总而言之，在如今考研竞争日渐激烈的情况下，我们想要在走过那座独木桥后不在考研大军中变成分母，我们需要：早开始+好计划。
　　开始阶段(2015.11—.1):你需要搜集考研相关信息，你可以咨询弘毅考研的教育学相关专业。这段时间如果你在之前没有很明确的就是要考某所高校，就千万不要纠结于报考以及具体的专业方向确定问题。此阶段只需要确定自己考教育学，然后备齐基本的教材，开始入门阶段的学习即可，达到夯实基础的目的。
　　在这里，对于不了解教育学专硕与学硕的区别、考试科目以及参考书目,可以在阅读完整体计划后看附录(17年教育学汇总)。
　　基础阶段(.2—2016.5)：开始第一轮基础复习，这一阶段，要对教育学各科基础知识有基本的掌握，知道各科大体知识点，梳理出大体的知识框架。跨专业或者自己复习依然感觉无头绪的同学，这时候，可以选择一个专业课的辅导班来引导自己复习。建议看书,看教材,因为后期可能没有时间再好好看书,所以珍惜前期看书的时间,不要走马观花,要仔仔细细,对看的每一段话都要理解。对于跨专业或理解不了的同学,可以选择合适的辅导班,因为跨专业的同学，在看书的时候，第一次接触教育学，看书时很多知识即使自己看很多遍，依然理解不了，可是如果可以听一下相关的课程，尤其是配上配套的讲义，理解起来就会很容易。不可否认，能领略一下教授上课的风采，聆听他们传授知识的高度和深度，对于自己理解知识可以说是：醍醐灌顶。
　　强化阶段(16.8)：经过了前期的基础巩固，进入第二轮复习，这一阶段恰逢暑期，同学们大多有大段可以自己利用的时间，可以说是复习的黄金阶段，已经选择辅导班的同学，这段期间一定要跟上辅导的节奏，进行系统的复习，在前期知识框架的基础上，细化各个框架的具体知识点，并开始着手做习题，将自己掌握的知识落实在具体的题目上。选择自学的同学，也同样需要通过复习达到上述程度。
　　提高阶段(16.10)：到了这个阶段，应该学是一个提高阶段，各个高校的都会陆续出来，同学们经过暑期的复习，对于知识的掌握以及各科知识之间的内在逻辑衔接都有了大致的掌握，同学们在这个时候应该去做几套整体的模拟卷抑或是真题，来检测自己的复习情况，以明确自己的要在10月报考的院校进而调整自己后期的复习进度。有专业课辅导的同学，可以多和自己的辅导老师联系，获得最新的资料和信息来帮助自己在这一阶段进一步提高。自学的同学也要抽空搜集更多的院校信息以及研究生需要注意的事项。
　　冲刺阶段(16.12)：根据15年考研提前到12月，建议16年的同学同样按照12月底来备考，这一期间，复习可以说已经进入一个白热化的阶段，同学们拼的不仅仅是知识，还有心态。这段时间，自学的同学们会普遍感觉到已经背会的很多已经遗忘，或者做大题时，看大题答案都理解，觉得自己都有掌握，但就是自己写不出来，不要焦虑，不要烦躁。这个时候，报一个串讲冲刺加模考点评班，对于同学们学习中的查漏补缺是最好的办法，让老师帮助你寻找你学习中的盲点;另外，为了考生能够事半功倍，优秀辅导班授课的教授们所提供的应试的，也是可以进行选择的一个不错途径。
　　复试阶段(17.5)：这一阶段，初试结束，但是同学们切不可放松，以为万事大吉，也不要想当然觉得自己考得不理想就放弃准备复试，要密切关注目标院校的分数发布和复试分数线的划定，如果进入复试也不会一下措手不及，务必进行相应的复试准备，可以自己联系师兄师姐，如果联系过程中有困难，可以选择一个提供复试指导的辅导班，得到他们的帮助。如果没有进入目标学校的复试分数线，务必第一时间获取准确的调剂信息，以获得调剂的成功。所以，相应的复试准备是必不可少的。
　　教育学考研基本的复习计划大体如此，复试结束，相信大家都会进入自己理想的学校，在等待通知书期间，大家可以选取基本自己所研究方向的书籍来充实自己，这样在研究生入学后，对于自己学习研究的领域也会有更多的了解。
　　17年教育学常识汇总：
　　答案译文：我希望能在我的职位上尽力做好工作，由于在同一领域工作的许多人都被提为区域负责人，所以我亦有此打算。
　　因为考教育学的同学，很多都是跨考的，对于教育学考研可以说是完全不了解，就是教育学相关专业的同学，对于教育学考研的相关知识也是一知半解。针对于此，弘毅考研教研室老师现将教育学考研的相关知识以最浅显易懂的话语表达出来，旨在做到普及，以便很好的进行备考。
　　教育学考研分为学硕和专硕，学硕通常被称为教育学硕士，专硕通常被称为教育硕士。学硕的考试科目是政治(100分)、英语一(100分)和教育基础综合(300分，一般统考代码是311，自主命题代码不同)专硕的考试科目是政治(100分)、英语二(100分)、专业课一教育基础综合333(150分)和专业课二(150分)。对于学硕的专业方向以及就业前景这些，由于篇幅有限，可以直接找弘毅的老师了解，专硕的专业大方向其实可以分为三类：学科(直接参与教学的方向，报考时最好是本科就是相关专业的，即有所谓的学科背景，这样一般认为可以有利于后期复试)、教育管理(一般要求有教育管理等管理类相关工作，且要求两年以上)，余下的最后一类是教育，学前教育，特殊教育和心理健康教育等，这一类专硕方向可以跨考，但是去年有极少院校对于这类专业也出现要求，建议考生报考时候注意!
　　对于参考书目：
　　教育学学硕统考311的参考书目：
　　1、《教育学基础》 教育科学出版社 十二所重点师范合编
　　2、《教育学》 人民教育出版社 王道俊、郭文安
　　3、《当代》 高等教育出版社 刘儒德、陈琦
　　4、《中国教育史》 华东师范出版社 孙培青
　　5、《外国教育史教程》 人民教育出版社 吴式颖
　　6、《教育研究导论》 安徽教育出版社 裴娣娜
　　7、《教育学考研红宝书》弘毅考研编辑
　　教育学专硕333的参考书目：
　　There are signs that psychatrists, psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credit(信任)-not all the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman's place is the home. We are beginning, however, o analyze men's place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.
　　1、王道俊、郭文安主编：《教育学》，人民教育出版社2009年
　　2、孙培青主编：《中国教育史》，华东师范大学出版社2009年版
　　3、王炳照等著：《简明中国教育史》，北京师范大学出版社2007年版
　　Conditions were utterly desperate throughout the tropics(热带地区)as may be judged from the fact that 7943 species of plants and animals became totally extinct. The survival of　Man himself was only possible because of the caves and cellars(地窖)he was able to dig. Nothing could be done to reduce the hot air temperature. More than seven hundred million persons are known to have lost their lives.
　　4、张斌贤主编，王晨副主编：《外国教育史》，教育科学出版社2008年
　　5、张大均主编：《教育心理学》，人民教育出版社2005年
　　6、陈琦、刘儒德主编：《教育心理学》，高等教育出版社2005年
　　7、《教育学考研红宝书》弘毅考研编辑
　　首师大专硕333参考书目：
　　1、《教育学基础》 十二校联编 教育科学出版社
　　2、《当代教育心理学》 陈琦、刘儒德主编， 北京师范大学出版社(第二版)
　　3、《教育研究导论》 宁虹 主编 北京师范大学出版社
　　西藏自治区成立五十年来，通过实行民族区域自治制度，从落后走向进步，从贫穷走向富裕，从封闭走向开放，社会制度实现了历史性的跨越。今天的西藏，社会稳定、经济发展、民生改善、生态向好，各方面成绩卓著。实践证明，民族区域自治制度是适合民族地区特点、具有中国特色的一项基本政治制度。民族区域自治的核心是
　　4、《教育研究方法导论》威廉·威尔斯曼著，袁振国主译，教育科学出版社
　　5、《教育学考研红宝书》弘毅考研编辑
　　结语：既然已经选择，我们就该开始努力。要想成为更好的自己，就去见识更大的世界，认识更多奇妙的人，汲取更广泛的知识。每个闪闪发亮的人都熬过了一个又一个不为人知的黑夜,那才是真正值得赞叹和骄傲的地方。欲戴王冠，必承其重!17考研的同学们，加油!!!
　　2015年安徽师范大学考研报名预计9月份下旬预报名，十月中下旬正式报名，安徽师范大学考研报名是全国统一，所以大家只要看全国统一报名时间就可以了，点击进入：2015年考研报名时间，2015年考研报名入口
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　　(49) Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was ass ...2015年考研英语一真题答案（完整版）
原标题：2015年()()一真题答案（完整版）
Section 1 Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
Though not biologically related, friends are as related as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is 1 a study published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has 2 .
The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted 3 1932 unique subjects which 4 pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both 5 .While 1% may seem 6 , it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, Most people do not even 7 their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who 8 our kin.
The study 9 found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity. Why this similarity in olfactory genes is difficult to explain, for now. 10 Perhaps, as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more 11 it. There could be many mechanisms working in tandem that 12 us in choosing genetically similar friends 13 than nal kinship of being friends with 14 !One of the remarkable findings of the study was that the similar genes seem to be evolving 15 than other genes. Studying this could help 16 why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major 17 factor.
The findings do not simply corroborate peoples 18 to befriend those of similar 19 backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to 20 that all subjects, friends and strangers were taken from the same population. The team also controlled the data to check ancestry of subjects.
Section II Reading Comprehension
2、Concluded
4、Compared
5、Samples
6、Insignificant
8、Resemble
10、Perhaps
13、Ratherthan
14、Benefits
15、Faster
16、understand
17、Contributory
18、Tendency
19、Ethnic
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
原标题：2015年考研英语一真题答案（完整版）
King Juan Carlos of Spain once insistedkings dont abdicate, they die in their sleep. But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republicans left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyles?
The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When public opinion is particularly polarized, as it was following the end of the France regime, monarchs can rise above mere polities and embody a spirit of national unity.
It is this apparent transcendence of polities that explains monarchys continuing popularity as heads of state. And so, the Middle East expected, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.
Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very history-and sometimes the way they behave today-embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warming of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.
The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.
While Europes monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.
It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchys reputation with her rather ordinary (if well-heeled) granny style. The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. He has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service-as non-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchys worst enemies.
21. According to the first two graphs, King Juan Carlos of Spain
[A]eased his relationship with his rivals.
[B]used to enjoy high public support.
[C]was unpopular among European royals.
[D]ended his reign in embarrassment.
22. Monarchs are kept as head of state in Europe mostly
[A]to give voters more public figures to look up to.
[B]to achieve a balance between tradition and reality.
[C]owing to their undoubted and respectable status.
[D]due to their everlasting political embodiment.
23. Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to graph 4?
[A] The role of the nobility in modern democracies.
[B] Aristocrats excessive reliance on inherited wealth.
[C] The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families.
[D] The nobilitys adherence to their privileges.
24. The British royals have most to fear because Charles
[A]takes a tough line on political issues.
[B]fails to change his lifestyle as advised.
[C]takes republicans as his potential allies.
[D]fails to adapt himself to his future role.
25. Which of the following is the best title of the text?
[A]Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined
[B]Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne
[C]Charles, Slow to React to the Coming Threats
[D]Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs
21.Dended his reign in embarrassment.
22. C owing to the undoubted and respectable status
23. A the role of the nobility in modern democracy
24. B fails to change his lifestyle as advised.
25. D Carlos, a lesson for all Monarchies
Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.
California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling, particularly one that upsets the old assumptions that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.
The court would be recklessly modest if it followed Californias advice. Enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justice can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.
They should start by discarding Californias lame argument that exploring the contents of a smartphone- a vast storehouse of digital information is similar to say, going through a suspects purse .The court has ruled that police dont violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or pocketbook, of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring ones smartphone is more like entering his or her home. A smartphone may contain an arrestees reading history, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. The development of cloud computing. meanwhile, has made that exploration so much the easier.
But the justices should not swallow Californias argument whole. New, disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitutions protections. Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a digital necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of th they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.
26. The Supreme court, will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legitimate to
[A] search for suspects mobile phones without a warrant.
[B] check suspects phone contents without being authorized.
[C] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.
[D] prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.
27. The authors attitude toward Californias argument is one of
[A] tolerance.
[B] indifference.
[C] disapproval.
[D] cautiousness.
28. The author believes that exploring ones phone content is comble to
[A] getting into ones residence.
[B] handing ones historical records.
[C] scanning ones correspondences.
[D] going through ones wallet.
29. In graph 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that
[A] principles are hard to be clearly expressed.
[B] the court is giving police less room for action.
[C] phones are used to store sensitive information.
[D] citizens privacy is not effective protected.
30.Orin Kerrs comparison is quoted to indicate that
(A)the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.
(B)New technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.
(C)Californias argument violates principles of the Constitution.
(D)Principles of the Constitution should never be altered.
26. Bcheck suspects phone contents without being authorized.
27.Cdisapproval
28.A getting into ones residence
29. D citizens privacy is not effectively protected
30.B new technology requires reinterpretation of the constitution
The journal Science is adding an extra source at Peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNott announced today. The Follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that Mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the Published research findings.
Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the Journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing Manut will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the Journals editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review these
Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said,The creation of thestatistics boardwas motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Sciences overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.
Giovanni Parmigiani，a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a mr of the SBoRE group, says he expects the board to play primarily on advisory role. He agreed to join because he found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.
John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is a most welcome step forwardand long overdue,Most journals are weak in statistical review，and this damages the quality of what they publish. I think that, for the majority of scientific papers nowadays, statistical review is more essential than expert review,he says. But he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.
Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research，according to David Vaux，a cell biologist. Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in 2012，but journals should also take a tougher line，engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process.Vaux says that Sciences idea to pass some papers to statisticians has some merit，but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identifythe papers that need scrutinyin the first place.
31. It can be learned from graph I that
[A] Science intends to simplify its peer-review process.
[B]journals are strengthening their statistical checks.
[C]few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.
[D]lack of data analysis is common in research projects.
32. The phrase flagged up (.2)is the closest in meaning to
[B]revised.
33. Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may
[A]pose a threat to all its peers
[B]meet with strong opposition
[C]increase Sciences circulation.
[D]set an example for other journals
34. David Vaux holds that what Science is doing now
A. adds to researchers worklosd.
B. diminishes the role of reviewers.
C. has room for further improvement.
D. is to fail in the foreseeable future.
35. Which of the following is the best title of the text?
A. Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in Papers
B. Professional Statisticians Deserve More Respect
C. Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors Desks
D. Statisticians Are Coming Back with Science
31.B journals are strengthening their statistical checks
32.B marked
33. D set an example for other journals
34. C has room for further improvement
35.A science joins Push to screen statistics in papers
Two years ago. Rupert Murdochs daughter, spoke at the unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our collapsed, she argued, because of a collective acceptance that the mechanismin society should be profit and the market we the people who create the society we want, not profit.
Driving her point home, she continuedIts increasingly absence of purpose，of a moral language with in government, could become one of the most dangerous goals for capitalism and freedom. This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies, such as International, she thought, making it more likely that it would fore had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.
As the hacking trial concludes-finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones, and finding the predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge-the wide dearth of integrity still stands. Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people. This is hacking on an industrial scale, as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire, the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking. Others await trial. This long story still unfolds.
In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place. One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived. The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.
In todays world, it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organizations that they run. Perhaps we should not be so surprised. For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit. The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value, business-friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation. Words degraded to the margin have been justice, fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.
The purpose of editing the News of the World was not to promote reader understanding, to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity. It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact. Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories, but she asked no questions, gave no instructions-nor received traceable, recorded answers.
36. Accordign to the first two graphs, Elisabeth was upset by
(A) the consequences of the current sorting mechanism.
(B) companies financial loss due to immoral practices
(C) governmental ineffectiveness on moral issues.
(D) the wide misuse of integrity among institutions.
37. It can be inferred from graph 3 that
(A) Glenn Mulcaire may deny phone hacking as a crime.
(B) more journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking.
(C) Andy Coulson should be held innocent of the charge.
(D) phone hacking will be accepted on certain occasions.
38. The author believes that Rebekah Brookss defence
(A) revealed a cunning personality.
(B) centered on trivial issues.
(C) was hardly convincing.
(D) was part of a conspiracy.
39. The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows
(A) generally distorted values.
(B) unfair wealth distribution.
(C) a marginalized lifestyle.
(D) a rigid moral code.
40 Which of the following is suggested in the last graph?
(A) The quality of writings is of primary importance.
(B) Common humanity is central to news reporting.
(C) Moral awareness matters in editing a newspaper.
(D) Journalists need stricter industrial regulations.
36. A the consequences of the current sorting mechanism
37. Bmore journalists may be found guilty of phone hacking
38. C was hardly convincing
39. A generally distorted values
40. C moral awareness matters in editing a newspaper
In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A- G to fit into each of numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
How does your reading proceed? Clearly you try to comprehend, in the sense of identifying meanings for individual words and working out relationships between them, drawing on your implicit knowledge of English grammar.(41) You begin to infer a context for the text, for instance, by making decisions about what kind of speech event is involved.Who is making the utterance, to whom, when and where.
The ways of reading indicated here are without doubt kinds of comprehension. But they show comprehension to consist not just of passive assimilation but of active engagement in inference and problem-solving. You infer information you feel the writer has invited you to grasp by presenting you with specific evidence and clues.(42)
Conceived in this way, comprehension will not follow exactly the same track for each reader. What is in question is not the retrieval of an absolute, fixed or true meaning that can be read off and checked for accuracy, or some timeless relation of the text to theworld.(43)
Such background material inevitably reflects who we are. (44)
This doesnt, however, make interpretation merely relative or even pointless. Precisely because readers from different historical periods, places and social experiences produce different but overlapping readings of the same words on the page-including for texts that engage with fundamental human concerns-debates about texts can play an important role in social discussion of beliefs and values.
How we read a given text also depends to some extent on our particular interest in reading it.(45)Such dimensions of reading suggest-as others introduced later in the book will also do-that we bring an implicit(often unacknowledged)agenda to any act of reading. It doesnt then necessarily follow that one kind of reading is fuller, more advanced or more worthwhile than another. Ideally, different minds of reading inform each other, and act as useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another. Together, they make up the reading component of your overall literacy, or relationship to your surrounding textual environment.
[A] Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfills the requirement of a given course? Reading it simply for pleasure? Skimming it for information? Ways of reading on a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room.
[B] Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading, our gender, ethnicity, age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretations but at the same time obscure or even close off others.
[C] If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using clues presented in the context. On the assumption that they will become relevant later, you make a mental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them.
[D] In effect, you try to reconstruct the likely meanings or effects that any given sentence, image or reference might have had: These might be the ones the author intended.
[E] You make further inferences, for instance, about how the text may be significant to you, or about its validity-inferences that form the basis of a personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible.
[F] In plays, novels and narrative poems, characters speak as constructs created by the author, not necessarily as mouthpieces for the authors own thoughts.
[G] Rather, we ascribe meanings to texts on the basis of interaction between what we might call textual and contextual material:between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a texts formal structures(so especially its language structures) and various kinds of background, social knowledge, belief and attitude that we bring to the text.
41.C 42.E 43.G 44.B 45.A
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration-one the great folk wanderings of history-swept from Europe to America. (46) This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.
(47) The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas,customs and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. Of necessity, colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world. (48) But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.
(49) The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th-and-16th-century explorations of North America. In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America. These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six-to twelve-week voyage, they survived on barely enough food allotted to them. Many of the ships were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought unbearably long delay.
To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief. Said one recorder of events, The air at twelve leagues distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden. Thecolonists first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods.(50)The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores.
46）在多种强大的动机驱动下，这次运动在一片荒野上建起了一个国家，其本身塑造了一个未知大陆的性格和命运。
47）美国是两种主要力量的产物即思想习俗、民族特色各异的欧洲移民和修改这些特征的新国家的影响的产物。
48）但由于美国特有的地理条件,不同民族的相互作用,以及维护原始老式方式的纯粹困难,新大陆引起了重大变化。
49）在15-16世纪北美探索的一百多年之后，运往该领土-即当今的美国-的第一船移民横渡了大西洋。
50）拥有丰富多样树种的原始森林是一个真正的宝库，它从缅因州一直延伸到乔治亚州。
SectionⅢ Writing
You are going to host a club reading session.Write an email of about 100 words recommending a book to the club mrs.
You should state reasons for your recommendations.
You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the text. Use Li Ming instead.
Do not write the address.(10 points)
Dear club mrs,
As the next reading session is scheduled to be launched in two days, its a great honor for me to take the opportunity to present you a book worth reading-The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith.
Through reflection over economics at the beginning of Industrial Revolution, the writer has elaborated on the fundamental principles of capitalism at work with insightful conceptions and eloquent speeches. Besides, the book has stood the test of time by repeated quotations and critical reviews from following researchers, exerting profound influences on anyone engaged in the field of capitalist market.
I believe reading such a classical book from an authoritative writer will produce a life-enriching and thought-provoking effect for all club mrs.
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following picture. In your essay, you should
1) describe the picture briefly.
2) interpret its intended meaning, and
3) give your comments.
You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)
As is depicted above, a number of young people are having a gathering of friends, but instead of talking with each other, each of them is addicted to his or her mobile phone. The lower part of the picture, we can see some Chinese characters which read the meeting in mobile-phone era.
Undoubtedly, the author of the picture aims at reminding us of the double edge of the cell phone. It is well known that thanks to the development of human civilization, many formerly unimaginable things come into reality. A case in point is the mobile phones. We must admit that the smart phone indeed dramatically changes our life. However, if used improperly, the mobile phones also can bring unhealthy side-effects, and imperil face to face communication between people. It is not too much to say that being over-addicted to mobile phones will cost our health, wisdom, creativity, friendship and even our ability to live.
Weighing the pros and cons of both sides, perhaps the best policy is to regulate it in such a way as to maximize its advantages. At the same time, we must avoid its harmful part. Furthermore, young people should be advised that spending too much time in using smart phones is bad for them.（文都教育）
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哪个不是汽车电量低的表现？
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恭喜您，答对了！看一下您是不是和老师们的思路一样
每位回答正确的答题者，都将进入本期抽奖池。每期抽取1名幸运答题者，奖励10Q币。
上期答题获奖者：QQ
很遗憾，答案错误。赶快看看正确答案和思路是怎么样的吧
每位回答正确的答题者，都将进入本期抽奖池。每期抽取1名幸运答题者，奖励10Q币。
上期答题获奖者：QQ
答对啦，看看老师的思路吧！
有问有答&&