英语中倒装句的用法？_百度知道
英语中倒装句的用法？
请详细解释
谢谢 我学到这里有点迷糊!
我有更好的答案
英语语法 倒装
在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时由于语法或修辞的需要将谓语的部分或全部提到主语前面，这样的语序叫做“倒装“
倒装的种类：部分倒装---- 助动词\情态动词+主语+谓语的实义动词
全部倒装---- 谓语+主语
一. 在特殊句型中：
1.在疑问句中:
eg: Is this your cell phone number? What do you prefer?
2.在感叹句中：
eg: How happy they are! What fun it is!
3.在虚拟条件句中：
eg: If I were a bird, I could fly freely.=……
Had I known it earlier, I wouldn’t have lent him the money.
Long live peace! May our friendship be everlasting!
4.直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时；
eg: “You should have been here earlier,” said th...
一、语法知识
按 “主语+谓语”这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序.如果排列顺序变为”谓语(或谓语的一部分)+主语” 就是倒装句.
(1) 倒装句的类型
1. 完全倒装: 整个谓语移至主语前面叫完全倒装.
Then came Mary and George.
Have you any books on that subject?
2. 部分倒装:只把助动词,系动词或情态动词放在主语之前叫部分倒装.
Has he gone to school? Is he your classmate?
Can you finish the work in three days?
　　(2) 倒装句的用法
1. 由于语法结构的需要而使用的倒装句
1) 用在疑问句中
Do you have a physiology class on Tuesday afternoon?
Why are you so angry with him?
注: 以疑问词或有疑问词修饰的名词作主语的疑问句不倒装.
Who was your geography teache...
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出门在外也不愁答案：解析：
　　答案：has mother been satisfied
　　解析：考查倒装。by no means置于句首，句子部分倒装。
请在这里输入关键词：
科目：高中英语
来源：必修三全优指导北师英语 北师版
听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共8小题，每小题1.5分，满分12分)
A．听下列对话，根据所听内容完成句子。
M：Nurse, I’d like to see Dr．Brown．
W：I’m sorry, but he isn’t in today．Dr．Johnson or Dr．Pepper will be happy to see you．
1．It’s possible that ________ Dr．Johnson ________ Dr．Pepper will treat the patient ________ Dr．Brown．
W：I’ve had four colds this winter and I think I’m catching another one．
M：I’ve only had half that many, but my wife has had six．
2．His wife has had ________ times more colds than he．
M：What’s the matter with you, Mrs．White?
W：I’ve had pains here just below where my heart is．
M：Do you have these pains all the time?
W：No, not all the time．
3．Mrs．White told the doctor that ________．
B．听下列5段对话，从A、B、C三个选项中选出能回答所提问题的最佳选项。
W：When do you think I can go home, Dr Smith?
M：Well, you came in on Monday and today is Friday．I’d say that you could probably leave tomorrow, but I don’t want you to go back to work for several weeks．
4．Where is the woman?
A．In the doctor’s office．
B．At work．
A few honest men are better than numbers．诚实的朋友不在多。
C．In her office．
M：I think I’ll go to see the movie tonight instead of working on my paper．“True Lies” is on at the capital cinema．
W：I wouldn’t do that if I were you．
5．What does the woman suggest?
A．He should go to see the movie．
B．He ought to work on his paper．
C．He shouldn’t write about the movie．
W：What’s the matter with you, Harry?
M：There’s something wrong with my stomach．I feel terrible．
6．Whom should Harry go to see?
A．Scientist．
B．Repairman．
C．Doctor．
M：I’ve been coughing for some time．Do you think it serious?
W：Your illness is caused by smoking．You’d better give it up．
7．Where does the talk probably take place?
A．In a factory．
B．In a hospital．
C．In a store．
M：I have an appointment to see Dr Green for a physical examination．
W：Please have a rest．She’s doing an operation right now．
8．Where does this conversation most probably take place?
A．In an operation room．
B．In a doctor’s office．
C．On the telephone．
第二节(共12小题；每题1.5分，满分18分)
听第9段材料，回答第9～11题。
W：What’s “frozen food”?
M：It’s what it says it is：after the food is picked and washed and cut in, it is put in packages and the whole thing is frozen．
W：Does it taste as good as fresh food?
M：Generally not as good, but it’s fine．It’s more expensive than fresh foods, though．
W：How long do frozen foods keep?
M：Seven months if you have a good freezer in your refrigerator．Frozen foods are also convenient．You can shop every two or three weeks instead of every day．
9．How does frozen food taste?
B．Terrible．
C．Better than fresh foods．
10．Why do we think frozen foods are convenient?
A．We can shop every day．
B．We can shop every two or three weeks．
C．We needn’t shop any more．
11．How long can frozen foods keep?
A．7 months．
B．8 months．
C．9 months．
听第10段材料，回答第12～14题。
　　Your body, which has close relations with the food you eat, is the most important thing you own, so it needs proper treatment and proper nourishment．The old saying“An apple a day keeps the doctor away”is not as silly as some people think．The body needs fruit and vegetables because they contain vitamin C．Many people take extra vitamins in pill form, believing that these will make them healthy．But a good diet is made up of nourishing food and this gives all the vitamins you need．The body doesn’t need or use extra vitamins, so why waste money on them?
　　In the modern Western world, many people are too busy to bother about eating properly．They throw anything into their stomachs, eating hurriedly and carelessly．The list of illnesses caused or made worse by bad eating habits is frightening．
12．What does “Your body has close relations with the food you eat” really mean?
A．All kinds of food you eat can be made into your body．
B．Your body is made up of the food you eat．
C．What you eat has great effect on your health．
13．What does the old saying tell us?
A．The apple is the best among all kinds of fruits．
B．Apples can take the place of doctors．
C．Eating apples regularly do a lot of good to our body．
14．What should we do if we want to keep healthy?
A．Only eat an apple a day．
B．Eat properly．
C．Take as many vitamin pills as possible．
听第11段材料，并判断下列陈述是否正确(True or False)。
Renting an Apartment
Mr．Wei：I saw your advertisement in this morning’s New York Times, and I’d like to take a look at the apartment．
Mrs．Jones：Come in, please．It’s on the second floor．This way, please．
Mr．Wei：How much does the apartment rent for?
Mrs．Jones：It’s three hundred dollars a month．．．Here we are．This is the living room．There are windows in every room．The kitchen is on your left．
Mr．Wei：There are two bathrooms．That’s great!
Mrs．Jones：By the way, we don’t allow any pets here．
Mr．Wei：I see．What about decorating?
Mrs．Jones：If you decide to move in, we will repaint the apartment on the condition that you sign a two-year lease(租约)．
Mr．Wei：That means if I sign a one-year lease, there will be no redecorating at all?
Mrs．Jones：That’s right．
Mr．Wei：If I decided to take it, how soon could I move in?
Mrs．Jones：You can move in any time you like．As you can see, it’s already cleaned up．
Mr．Wei：Good．Er, Mrs…?
Mrs．Jones：Jones．
Mr．Wei：Mrs．Jones, I like this apartment very much, but I’d like to know my wife’s and kids’ opinions．I’ll come back this evening with them．Will that be convenient?
Mrs．Jones：That’s fine with me．
Mr．Wei：This is my business card．Thanks very much, Mrs．Jones．We’ll see you tonight．
15．The apartment is rented for three hundred dollars a year．
16．Pets are not allowed to raise in the apartment．
17．If the man wants to have the apartment decorated(装修), he will have to rent it for at least a year．
听第12段材料，并判断下列陈述是否正确(True or False)。
Checking In
Tom：I’d like to check in, please．
Reception Clerk：Awfully sorry, sir．There are no rooms available now．
Tom：But I have reserved a room the day before yesterday．
Clerk：Sorry．May I have your name?
Tom：Tom Wang．
Clerk：Please wait a minute．Let me check…Excuse me, but I can’t seem to find your name on our list．Are you sure you have a reservation for tonight?
Tom：Of course, I did it myself．
Clerk：I’m terribly sorry．There must have been some mistakes．Let me check it again…Oh, yes．There is a name listed as Tom Huang．It must be the fault of the clerk who registered your name．I apologize．
Tom：Don’t worry about that．
Clerk：According to the records, your reservation is for a single room with shower and air conditioner for two nights．The room rate will be ＄110 per night, including 10％ tax and 4％ service charge．Is it right?
Tom：Yes, that’s right．I’d like to pay my bill by credit card．
Clerk：May I take a print of your card?
Tom：Here you are．
Clerk：OK．Now could you fill out this registration card?
Tom：All right．
Clerk：Your room number is 707．Here is your key．The bellhop will help you to carry the suitcases to your room．Have a nice evening．
18．The guest’s name is Tom Huang．
19．The guest has booked a single room with shower and air conditioner for two nights．
20．The tax and service charge are not included in the ＄100 for the room rate per nigh．
科目：高中英语
来源：必修三全优指导北师英语 北师版
听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共8小题；每小题1.5分，满分12分)
A．听下列对话，根据所听内容完成句子。
M：Do you have any trouble with your pronunciation, Mary?
W：Not too much．I can pronounce English words well, but I write them poorly．
1．－Do you have any trouble ________, ________?
－________．I can ________ English words well, but write them ________．
M：Why don’t you go and ask the man sitting in the chair?
W：Oh, thank you very much．
2．Why ________ and ask the man ________?
John, a quite ordinary playwriter, is now in high debts．
3．John, ________, is now in high debts．
B．听下面五段对话，从A、B、C中选出能回答所提问题的最佳答案。
M：Mondays are the worst．Our timetable is full of difficult subjects．
W：Like what?
M：Well, like English, French and geography in the morning．
W：What’s your favorite day of the week?
M：Oh, the day after Tuesday without doubt．We have an easy morning：just art and music, followed by sports all the afternoon．
W：That sounds nice．
4．What’s their favorite day of the week?
M：I’d like to see Mr．Stone．I hear he is an expert on heart disease．
W：I’m sorry, Mr．Stone will be busy the whole afternoon．He is having a medical conference．Can you manage at 10∶30 tomorrow morning?
5．Who is Mr．Stone?
A．A doctor．
B．A nurse．
C．A secretary．
M：I’m so tired．I’ve spent the entire morning in selling my car．
W：Selling your car?Don’t you like it or isn’t it new?
M：No, my company is moving me to Europe next month．So I intend to buy a new one over there．
6．Why did the man sell his car?
A．He doesn’t like it．
B．He is going abroad．
C．It’s too old．
W：What’s the matter, Tom?You look unhappy．
M：No, not really．I’m only worrying about my maths exam．
7．What makes the man worried?
A．Maths test．
B．An English exam．
C．His headache．
W：I find listening most difficult．What can I do?
M：Don’t worry．Listen to English tapes every day, and you will make great progress．The more you listen, the easier you will find．
8．What does the man advise her to do?
A．Listen more．
B．Speak more．
C．Write more．
第二节(共12小题；每小题1.5分，满分18分)
听第9段材料，并判断下列陈述是否正确(True or False)。
　　Food is a subject that interests me．I like food that is good and well-cooked．I dislike watery cabbage, soup that looks and tastes like water, and beef or mutton that is burned or not cooked enough．But when you get real English beef and mutton, bread and cheese, or eggs and bacon, there is nothing like it．I didn’t know any apple that has a better taste than a good English one, and no other cup of tea ever tastes as good to me as the tea that we make in England．
　　I know that coffee is not good in many English hotels．But it is good in many English homes when it is made with fresh coffee by people who know how to make it．My wife is going to make some coffee for us tomorrow morning at 11 o’clock．You’ll see then that English coffee can be good．
9．The speaker is interested in food, especially in English food．
10．According to the speaker, soup that looks and tastes like rain interests him．
11．The speaker likes to have a cup of tea made in England．
12．The speaker thinks coffee made in English homes is not better than in English hotels．
13．The speaker wants his friends to enjoy his wife’s coffee tomorrow morning．
听第10段材料，填空。
　　Jim walked into a store which had a sign outside：“Second-hand clothes bought and sold．”He was carrying a jacket and asked the owner of the store how much he thought the jacket was worth．
　　The man looked at the jacket and then said, “Two dollars．”
　　“What?” said Jim．“But I was thinking you would say at least five．”
　　“Five dollars?No, it isn’t worth a cent more than two dollars, ” said the owner of the store．
　　“Are you sure?”
　　“Sure!” said the man．
　　“Well,” said Jim, taking two dollars out of his pocket, “Here’s the money．This jacket was hanging outside your store with a price-tag that said ＄8.5, but I thought maybe that was a typing mistake．And now I know it is!” Then he walked out of the store with the jacket in his hand before the store owner could think of anything to say．
14．Jim walked into a store which had a sign outside：“Second-hand 　　(1)　　 bought and sold．”He was carrying a jacket and asked the 　　(2)　　 of the store how much he thought the jacket was 　　(3)　　．
　　The man looked at the jacket and then said, “Two dollars．”
　　“What?” said Jim, “But I was thinking you would say at least five．”
　　“Five dollars?No, it isn’t worth a cent more than two dollars, ” said the owner of the store．
　　“Are you sure?”
　　“Sure!” said the man．
15．“Well, ” said Jim, taking two dollars out of his 　　(4)　　, “here’s the money．This jacket was 　　(5)　　 outside your store with a price-tag(价格标签)that said ＄8.5, but I thought maybe that was a typing mistake．And now I know it is!” Then he walked out of the 　　(6)　　 with the jacket in his hand before the store owner could think of anything to say．
听第11段材料，完成第16～17题。
At the Cafe
Attendant：Good afternoon．
Tom：I’m Tom, Zhang．We made a reservation for tea this afternoon．
Attendant：Yes, sir．This way, please．Here’s your table．Is this all right?
Tom：Yes, it’s nice, indeed．Thank you．
Attendant：I’m so glad you like it．What would you like?We serve coffee and tea, sandwiches, cakes and cold drinks．Please look under the plate-glass at the menu for afternoon tea．
Tom：What would you like, Mike?
Mike：I’ll try a chicken salad sandwich and have a cup of coffee with cream．
Attendant：How about you, Mr．Zhang?
Tom：I will have black tea with lemon and sugar and a piece of Swiss roll．
Attendant：Anything else?
Tom：What’s your specialty today?
Attendant：We have strawberries with cream today．I suggest you try them．
Tom：Good, I will．
16．How many people are there in the dialogue?
B．Three．
17．Where is the menu?
A．On the plate-glass．
B．Beside the plate-glass．
C．Under the plate-glass．
听第12段材料，并判断下列陈述是否正确(True or False)。
Check, please!
Waiter：Are you through with your meal?
Tom：Yes, we are．Could we have the check, please?
Waiter：Here is your check, 85 dollars in all．I can take care of it here when you’re ready．
Tom：Do you accept cheque?
Waiter：No, I’m sorry we don’t．We accept credit cards and cash．
Tom：Well, I don’t have any cash with me．So I’ll have to put it on credit．Here’s 90 dollars．Please keep the change．
Waiter：Thank you．I will be right back．
Tom：Oh, please wait for a minute．I want to go with the food left．
Waiter：I see．I will bring some to-go boxes for you．
Tom：Thank you．
18．The waiter preferred to be paid by cheque．
19．The waiter received 4 dollars for his tip(小费)．
20．The customer took away his left food with to-go boxes．
科目：高中英语
题型：阅读理解
阅读下列各小题，根据括号内的汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子，并把答案填写在答题卷相应的位置上。
The officials examined the food to make sure it ______________ (没有) poison. (free)
I’m sure Jack ______________ (将取得很大的进步)in his studies in high school with Susan’s help. (progress)
The boss ______________& (对……留下印象) John’s hard work so he was promoted to a manager. (impress)
A large sum of money ______________ (捐献) charity by the chairman up till now. (contribute)
His father was encouraged to ______________ (戒烟) for the health of his family. (quit)
科目：高中英语
来源：2012年新课标版高中英语选修七 Unit2练习卷（解析版）
题型：其他题
1.总经理和董事长并肩坐在桌子后面。
The general manager and the chairman are
sitting behind the desk ________& _______& ______．
2.错在资方而不在劳方
It’s management that is at fault
__________& __________ the workforce．
3.有机反应常常伴随有副反应。
Organic reactions are frequently
__________& __________ side-reactions．
4.到七月底前，我会读完所有的那些书。&
________& ________&
________& ________ July I’ll have read all those books．
5.总统的几位顾问担心希特勒会向美国宣战。
Some of the President’s advisers feared
Hitler might ______& ______& ______the United States．
6.他从来不干会招惹是非的事。
He will __________& __________ things
that might cause trouble．
7.吸烟有害健康，这是大家公认的。
_________& _________& _________
accepted __________ smoking is harmful to our health．
8.他着手帮助把无家可归的妇女和儿童送到安全的地区。
He __________& __________&
__________ homeless women and children to place of safety．
9.我现在认为你起码是有些才华的。
I’m beginning to think you have
__________& __________ a trace of __________．
10.他住在广州，说得更确切些，他住在广州的郊区。
He lives in Guangzhou，__________& ___________，he lives in a suburb of
Guangzhou．
11.她陪朋友去听音乐会。
She ___________ her friend _______ the
__________.
12.我真羡慕你的才能啊！
How I _________ your _____________!
13.他们不断的讲她是如何的聪明时, 她觉得不好意思。
She __________&&____________ when
they kept telling how clever she was.
14.出于对无家可归的孩子们的同情, 他留他们过夜。
________ &_______ &____________
for the homeless children, he gave them shelter for the night.
15.运动使我的肌肉变得很结实。
Exercise ___________ my muscles very
________.
16.他解释了声音如何在水中传导。
He gave an ______________ of how ________
__________ in water.
科目：高中英语
来源：2011年北京市东城区高一下学期期末考试英语题
题型：其他题
用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子。（共10小题，10分）
1.
He promised to be here at four o’clock but didn’t ____________ until six.
2.
Watching TV for a long time is ____________ for one’s
eyesight.
3.
I am writing the letter to show our great ____________ for the help you have
offered us.
4.
She ____________ too much importance to the results of the exams.
5.
I’m sure she can do the job well as long as
she is full of ____________.
6.
It was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people ____________ under
the Town Hall clock for the New Year.
7.
He is always ____________, which makes no one trust him.
8.
I’ll see you after the meeting, if time ____________.
9.
You’ll need ____________ and understanding if
you’re going to be a teacher.
10.
In fact, the population of Canada is only ____________ over thirty million.
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＞＞＞I've tried very hard to improve my English.But by no means..
I've tried very hard to improve my English.But by no means ________ with my progress.A．the teacher is not satisfiedB．is the teacher not satisfiedC．the teacher is satisfiedD．is the teacher satisfied
题型：单选题难度：中档来源：不详
D题干中的but表明其后的句子应表示与“I've tried very hard to improve my English.”相反的意义，即“老师并不对我的进步感到满意”。否定主句的状语by no means放于句首表示强调时，主句应进行部分倒装，而且不应再在句中加入否定词not，据此可以排除A、B、C而选出D。
马上分享给同学
据魔方格专家权威分析，试题“I've tried very hard to improve my English.But by no means..”主要考查你对&&全部倒装，部分倒装，省略句&&等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下：
现在没空？点击收藏，以后再看。
因为篇幅有限，只列出部分考点，详细请访问。
全部倒装部分倒装省略句
全部倒装的概念：
倒装英语句子的主语通常位于谓语动词之前，这种语序被称为正常语序。但有时出于修辞或某种特殊的语法结构的需要，需要将谓语动词放在主语之前，这种语序则叫倒装语序。主语和谓语完全倒置叫完全倒装。完全倒装完全倒装的基本形式是“谓语+主语”，主要见于以下情况：
1、here和there位于句首时的倒装：表示地点的here和there位于句首时，其后用完全倒装形式。这类倒装句的谓语通常是动词be和come,go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词： 如：Here's Tom. 汤姆在这里。 &&&&&&& There's Jim. 吉姆在那儿。 &&&&&&& Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。&&&&&&&&&There goes the bell. 铃响了。 &&&&&&& There goes the last train. 最后一班火车开走了。注：（1）以上倒装句中的谓语动词come和go不能用进行时态，即不能说：Here is coming the bus.&&&&&&& &&&&&&& （2）若主语为代词，则不倒装：如：Here I am. 我在这儿。/ 我来了。 &&&&&&& Here it comes.它来了。&&&&&&& （3）其中的动词有时也可能是stand, lie, live等表示状态的动词（表示存在）： 如：There stood a desk against the wall. 靠墙放着一张书桌。 &&&&&&& Once upon a time there lived a man known by the name of Beef. 从前有个人名叫比夫。 2、away和down等位于句首时的倒装：地点副词away, down, in, off, out, over, round, up等位于句首时，其后用完全倒装语序。这类倒装句的谓语通常表示动态的不及物动词： 如：Away went the runners. 赛跑选手们跑远了。 &&&&&&& Round and round flew the plane. 飞机盘旋着。 &&&&&&& The door opened and in came Mr Smith. 门开了，史密斯先生进了来。 &&&&&&& Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas. 下雨了，伞都撑起来了。注：若主语为人称代词，则不能用倒装： 如：Away he went. 他跑远了。 &&&&&&& Down it came. 它掉了下来。 3、某些状语或表语位于句首时的倒装：为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，有时可将状语或表语置于句首，句中主语和谓语完全倒装： 如：Among these people was his friend Jim. 他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。&&&&&&& By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand. 窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。注：在表语置于句首的这类倒装结构中，要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致，而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。比较：In the box was a cat. 箱子里是一只猫。 &&&&&&&&&&& In the box were some cats. 箱子里是一些猫。 4、现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首的倒装：有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首，从而构成倒装： 如：Buried in the sands was an ancient village. 一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。 &&&&&&& Standing beside the table was his wife. 站在桌旁的是他的妻子。 &&&&&&& To be carefully considered are the following questions. 下列问题要仔细考虑。部分倒装的概念：
倒装英语句子的主语通常位于谓语动词之前，这种语序被称为正常语序。但有时出于修辞或某种特殊的语法结构的需要，需要将谓语动词放在主语之前，这种语序则叫倒装语序。主语和助动词倒置叫部分倒装。部分倒装：1、含有否定意义的副词位于句首时的倒装：在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装： 如：I shall never forgive him./ Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。 &&&&&&& He seldom goes out for dinner./Seldom does he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃饭。 &&&&&&& She hardly has time to listen to music./Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 他几乎没时间听音乐。 &&&&&&& He little realize show important this meetingis./Little does he realize how important this meeting is. 他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。&&& &&&&&&& We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off./No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。注：(1)对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序： 如：He didn't leave the room until the rain stopped./Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。 &&&&&&& (2)某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装： 如：On no accounts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。 &&&&&&& In[Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him. 无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。但是，in no time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序： 如：In no time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。 2、“only+状语”位于句首时的倒装：当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序： 如：Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他错了。 &&&&&&& Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。 &&&&&&& Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时,才知道出了什么事。3、“so+形容词或副词”位于句首时的倒装：副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装： 如：So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。 &&&&&&& So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我们几乎没法像它的速度。 &&&&&&& So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape. 袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。 4、“So+助动词+主语”倒装：当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构： 如：You are young and so am I. 你年轻，我也年轻。 &&&&&&& She likes music and so do I. 她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢。 &&&&&&& If he can do it, so can I. 要是他能做此事，我也能。注：(1)若前面提出某一否定的情况，要表示后者也属于同样的否定情况，则应将其中的so改为neither或nor： 如：You aren't young and neither am I. 你不年轻，我也不年轻。 &&&&&&& She hasn't read it and nor have I. 她没有读它，我也没有读。 &&&&&&& (2)注意该结构与表示强调或同意的“so+主语+特殊动词”结构的区别： 如："It was cold yesterday." "So it was."“昨天很冷。”“的确很冷。”&&&&&& &"Father, you promised." "Well, so I did."“爸爸，你答应过的。”“嗯，是答应过。” 5、由not only…but also引出的倒装：当not only…but also位于句首引出句子时，not only后的句子通常用部分倒装形式： 如：Not only is he a teacher, but he is also a poet. 他不仅是一位教师，而且是一位诗人。 &&&&&&& Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily. 不仅他讲得更正确，也讲得更不费劲了。 6、虚拟条件句省略if后构成的倒装：当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had, were, should等时，如将if省略，则要将had, were, should等移到主语前，构成倒装句： 如：Had you come yesterday, you would have seen him. 若你昨天来，你就会见到他了。 &&&&&&& Should you require anything give me a ring. 如果需要什么，可以给我打电话。 &&&&&&& Were it not for your help, I would still be homeless. 要不是你帮助，我会仍然无家可归。注：省略if后提前的had不一定是助动词： 如：Had I money, I would buy it. 假若我有钱，我就会买它。 省略句的概念：
在英语语言中，为了使语言简洁明了，重点突出或上下文紧密相连，可以省去某些句子成分而保持句子愿意不变，这种语言现象称之为省略。简单句中的省略：
1、省略主语： 1）祈使句中的主语通常被省略。如：(You) Open the door, please. 请开一下门。 2）其它省略主语多限于现成的说法。如：（I）Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。&&&&&&&& （It）Doesn't matter. 没关系。 2、省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分：如：（There is）No smoking. 禁止抽烟 &&&&&&& （Is there）anything else? 还有其他事吗？ &&&&&&& （You come）This way please. 请这边走。 &&&&&&& （Will you）Have a smoke? 抽烟吗？ 3、省略宾语：如：—Do you know Mr. Li? 你认识李先生吗？&&&&&&& —I don't know (him.) 我不认识他 4、省略表语：如：—Are you thirsty? 你30岁了吗？　&&&&&&& —Yes, I am (thirsty). 是的，我是。 5、同时省略几个成分：如：—Are you feeling better now? 你觉得好些了吗？&&&&&&& —(I am feeling) Much better (now) 好多了。 &&&&&& (I wish)Good luck(to you). 祝你好运/祝你顺利。省略句在复合句中的应用：
一、并列复合句中的省略：并列句中后边的分句可以省略与前边分句中相同的成分。如：The boy picked up a coin in the road and (the boy) handed it to a policeman.&&&&&&&& 这个男孩在马路上拾起一枚硬币并把他交给了警察。 &&&&&&& Your advice made me happy but(your advice made) Tom angry. 你的建议使我高兴但使汤姆生气。 &&&&&&& Tom must have been playing basketball and Mary(must have been) doing her homework. &&&&&&& 汤姆肯定一直在打篮球，玛丽一直在写作业。 &&&&&&& Gao Xiumin was born in 1959 and Fu Biao(was born) in 1963. 高秀敏出生于1959年，傅彪出生于1963年。 二、主从复合句中的省略： 1、状语从句中的省略：一般说来省略现象多出现在下列五种状语从句中：1）由when,while,as,before,after,till,until,once等引导的时间状语从句；2）由whether,if,unless等引导的条件状语从句；3）由though,although,evenif,whatever等引导的让步状语从句；4）由as,than等引导的比较状语从句；5）由as,asif,asthough等引导的方式状语从句。上述状语从句在省略时应遵循下面原则： 当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be，这时从句中可出现如下结构：连词（as,as if, once）+名词；连词（though, whether, when）+形容词；连词(whether, as if, while)+介词短语；连词(when, while, though)+现在分词；连词(when, if, even if, unless, once, until, than, as)+过去分词；连词(as if,as though)+不定式。如：Once(he was) a worker, Pang Long now becomes a famous singer. &&&&&&& 庞龙曾经是个工人，现在变成一位著名的歌手。& &&&&&&& Work hard when(you are) young, or you'll regret. 趁年轻要努力学习，要不然你会后悔的。&&&&&&&&&He looked everywhere as if(he was) in search of something. 他到处看似乎在找什么东西。&注意： ①当从句的主语和主句的宾语一致时，间或也有这样的省略。如：Her father told her to be careful when(she was) crossing the street. 当她过马路时父亲告诉她要当心。 ②当从句的主语是it，谓语动词中又含有系动词be时，可以把it和系动词be一起省略。此时构成连词（if, unless, when, whenever）+形容词的结构。如：Unless(it is) necessary, you'd better not refer to the dictionary. 如果没有必要，你最好不要查字典。 2、定语从句中的省略：1）一般说来，在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词that,which,whom可以省略；如：Is this reason(that) he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? 这就是他在会上解释他工作中粗心的原因吗？而在非限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词which, whom不可以省略。比较：Tom(whom) you saw yesterday fell ill.(whom可以省)&& 你昨天见到的汤姆病倒了。 &&&&&&&&&&& Tom, whom you saw yesterday, fell ill. (whom不可以省) 汤姆病倒了，你昨天见到他了。 2）在口语和非正式用语中，关系副词when, where,和why经常用that来代替，甚至还可省略。如：This is the first time(when/that) he had trouble with the boss. 这是他第一次麻烦老板。 &&&&&&& He wants to find a good place(where/that) we can have a picnic during the"golden week"holiday. 他想找一个能在黄金周期间野餐的好地方。 &&&&&&& Could you tell us the reason(why/that) he&was so unhappy? 你能告诉我们他为什么如此不高兴吗？ 3）当先行词为表示方式的the way时，从句不能用how来引导，应该用that或in which，或将它们全部省略。如：I don't like the way(that/in which) you laugh at her. 我不喜欢你嘲笑他的行为。 3、宾语从句中的省略：1）在及物动词后面所接的宾语从句中，连词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词后面是由that引导的两个或两个以上的并列的宾语从句，那么只有第一个that可以省略。如：I think(that) the reform of the renminbi's exchangerate is necessary. 我认为人民币兑换率的改革是必要的。 &&&&&& He said(that) the Anti-secession law had been passed and that President Hu Jintao had signed a presidential order. 他说《反分裂国家法》已被通过，而且胡锦涛主席已签署了主席令。 2）由which, when, where, how, 和why引导的宾语从句，可以全部或部分省略。如：I know that NBA star YaoMing will come to our city but I don't know when (he will come to our city). 我知道NBA明星要到我们城市来但我不知道他什么时候来。 &&&&&& He wants to move abroad but his parents wonders why(he wants to move abroad) 他想搬迁到国外但他的父母想知道为什么。 4、在与suggest, request, order, advise等词相关的名词性从句中，须用虚拟语气形式“should+动词原形”，should可以省略：如：Chirac, President of the Republic of France suggested that the China-France Culture Year(should) last long in various forms. 法国总统希拉克建议中法文化年以各种各样的形式长期持续。 5、主句省略多用于句首：如：(It is a) Pity that I didn't go to Mary's birthday party yesterday. 很遗憾，我昨天没有去参加玛丽的生日聚会。 6、在答语中，主句可全部省略。如：—Why were you absent from school last Friday?&&&&&&& —(I was absent from school) Because my mother was ill.&&&&&&& —上周五你为什么没有上学？&&&&&&& —因为我妈妈病了。 动词不定式省略：
1、保留to的场合： （1）不定式作某些动词的宾语时，这些动词常见的有：love, like, care, wish, hope, expect, prefer, refuse, mean, try, oblige, advise, persuade, agree, want, afford, forget, remember, try, manage等。如：—You should have thanked her before you left.&&&&&&& —I meant to, but when I was leaving I couldn't find her anywhere.&&& &&&&&&& —你本该在离开前谢谢她。&&&&&&& —我本打算这么做，但当我就要离开的时候我却找不到她了。&&&&&& You can do it this way if you like to. 如果你想做，你可以这么做。 （2）不定式作某些动词的宾语补足语或主语补足语时，这些动词常见的有：ask, tell, advise, force, persuade, wish, allow, permit, forbid, expect, order, warn 等。如：The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to. 男孩想在街上骑他的自行车，但他母亲不让。&&&&&&& She wants to come but her parents won't allow her to(come).　她想来，可是她父母不让。 （3）不定式在句中作某些形容词的状语时，常见的形容词有：happy, glad, eager, anxious, willing, ready 等。如：—I will be away on a business trip. Could you mind looking after my cat?　&&&&&&& —Not at all. I would be happy to (look after your cat).　&&&&&&& —我要出差，你能帮我照顾一下我的猫吗？&&&&&&& —没关系，我很愿意。 （4）不定式作某些复合谓语时，常见结构如：be able to, be going to, have to, ought to, used to 等。如：He doesn't like fish but he used to. 他现在不喜欢吃鱼，但过去喜欢。 2、省略to的场合： （1）主语部分有to do，系动词is或was时，作表语的不定式通常省去to。&&&&&&&&& 如：The only thing you have to do is press the button. 你必须做的惟一事情是按按钮。 （2）作介词but, expect, besides的宾语，前面又有实意动词do时，不定式通常省去to。&&&&&&&&& 如：He said that Chen Shuibian had nothing to do except push a pro-"independence"timetable. &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 他说陈水扁除了推进支持“独立”的时间表外，什么也没有做。 （3）主语部分暗含todo，表语中的不定式通常省去to。&&&&&&&&& 如：All I want(to do) is go to school and study hard. 我想要（做）的就是上学，努力学习。（4）当两个或多个不定式并列时，其后的不定式符号可以省略，但有对比关系时不可省略。&&&&&&&&& 如：It is easier to say than to do. 说起来容易，做起来难。 （5）在would rather...than...等结构中，不定式符号常常要省略。&&&&&&&&& 如：I would rather stay at home than go to see a film. 我宁愿呆在家也不愿去看电影。 （6）在see, watch, notice, hear, listen to, look at, feel, have, make, let, observe等词后作宾语补足语时省略不定式符号to；why(not)do结构中，不定式不带to。&&&&&&&&& 如：I saw her enter the room. 我看见她进入了房间。　&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& Why not join us? 为什么不加入到我们的行列里来呢？
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