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淘豆网网友近日为您收集整理了关于全新版大学英语综合教程4课文原文及翻译（打印版）的文档，希望对您的工作和学习有所帮助。以下是文档介绍：SJSFHJDSKFHK DKFHK HKDLFJ KLDSJFL JFLDKHDFKS KDHFK HSHKHF KDHF; HF;DKH FKD一They say that es before a fall. In the case of both Napoleon and Hitler, the manyvictories they enjoyed led them to believe that anything was possible, that nothing could stand intheir way. Russia's icy defender was to prove them wrong.人道是骄兵必败。就拿拿破仑和希特勒两人来说吧,他们所向披靡,便以为自己战无不胜,不可阻挡。但俄罗斯的冰雪卫士证明他们错了。The Icy DefenderNila B. Smith1 In 1812, Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the French, led his Grand Army into Russia. Hewas prepared for the fierce resistance of the Russian people defending their homeland. He wasprepared for the long march across Russian soil to Moscow, the capital city. But he was notprepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscow -- the raw, bitter, bleak Russianwinter.冰雪卫士奈拉B史密斯1812年,法国皇帝拿破仑波拿巴率大军入侵俄罗斯。他准备好俄罗斯人民会为保卫祖国而奋勇抵抗。他准备好在俄罗斯广袤的国土上要经过长途跋涉才能进军首都莫斯科。但他没有料到在莫斯科他会遭遇劲敌—俄罗斯阴冷凄苦的寒冬。2 In 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, launched an attack against the Soviet Union,as Russia then was called. Hitler's military might was unequaled. His war machine had moweddown resistance in most of Europe. Hitler expected a short campaign but, like Napoleon beforehim, was taught a painful lesson. The Russian winter again came to the aid of the Soviet soldiers.1941年,纳粹德国元首阿道夫希特勒进攻当时被称作苏联的俄罗斯。希特勒的军事实力堪称无敌。他的战争机器扫除了欧洲绝大部分地区的抵抗。希特勒希望速战速决,但是,就像在他之前的拿破仑一样,他得到的是痛苦的教训。仍是俄罗斯的冬天助了苏维埃士兵一臂之力。Napoleon's Campaign3 In the spring of 1812, Napoleon assembled an army of six hundred thousand men on theborders of Russia. The soldiers were well trained, efficient, and well equipped. This military forcewas called the Grand Army. Napoleon, confident of a quick victory, predicted the conquest ofRussia in five weeks.拿破仑发起的战役1812年春,拿破仑在俄国边境屯兵60万。这些士兵受过良好训练,作战力强,装备精良。这支军队被称为大军。拿破仑对马到成功充满自信,预言要在5个星期内攻下俄国。4 Shortly afterwards, Napoleon's army crossed the Neman River into Russia. The quick,decisive victory that Napoleon expected never happened. To his surprise, the Russians refused tostand and fight. Instead, they retreated eastward, burning their crops and homes as they went. TheGrand Army followed, but its advance march soon became bogged down by slow-moving supplylines.SJSFHJDSKFHK DKFHK HKDLFJ KLDSJFL JFLDKHDFKS KDHFK HSHKHF KDHF; HF;DKH FKD不久,拿破仑的大军渡过涅曼河进入俄国。拿破仑期盼着的速决速胜迟迟没有发生。令他吃惊的是,俄国人并不奋起抵抗。相反,他们一路东撤,沿途焚毁庄稼和民居。大军紧追不舍,但它的长驱直入很快由于粮草运输缓慢而停顿下来。5 In August, the French and Russian armies engaged at Smolensk, in a battle that left over tenthousand dead on each side. Yet, the Russians were again able to retreat farther into Russianterritory. Napoleon had won no decisive victory. He was now faced with a crucial decision. Shouldhe continue to pursue the Russian army? Or should he keep his army in Smolensk for theapproaching winter? 到了8月,法俄两军在斯摩棱斯克交战,这一战役中,双方各有上万人阵亡。可是,俄国人仍能在自己的国土上继续后撤。拿破仑未能取得决定性的胜利。此刻他面临着一个重要抉择。是继续追击俄国军队,还是把军队驻扎在斯摩棱斯克,在那儿度过将到的冬天?6 Napoleon took the gamble of pressing on to Moscow, 448 kilometers away. On September 1播放器加载中，请稍候...
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SJSFHJDSKFHK DKFHK HKDLFJ KLDSJFL JFLDKHDFKS KDHFK HSHKHF KDHF; HF;DKH FKD一They say that es before a fall. In the case of both Napoleon and Hitler, the manyvictories they enjoyed led them to believe that anything was possible, that nothing could stand intheir way. Russia's icy defender was to prove them wrong.人道是骄兵必败。就拿拿破仑和希特勒两人来说吧,他们所向披靡,便以为自己战无不胜,不可阻挡。但俄罗斯的冰雪卫士证明他们错了。The Icy DefenderNila B. Smith1 In 1812, Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the French, led his Grand Army into Russia. Hewas prepared for the fierce resistance of the Russian people defending their homeland. He wasprepared for the long march across Russian soil to Moscow, the capital city. But he was notprepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscow -- the raw, bitter, bleak Russianwinter.冰雪卫士奈拉B史密斯1812年,法国皇帝拿破仑波拿巴率大军入侵俄罗斯。他准备好俄罗斯人民会为保卫祖国而奋勇抵抗。他准备好在俄罗斯广袤的国土上要经过长途跋涉才能进军首都莫斯科。但...
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They say that pride comes before a fall.
&both Napoleon and
Hitler, the many victories they enjoyed led them to believe that
anything was possible, that nothing could . Russia's icy defender was
to prove them wrong.
&&&&&&人道是骄兵必败。就拿拿破仑和希特勒两人来说吧，他们所向披靡，便以为自己战无不胜，不可阻挡。但俄罗斯的冰雪卫士证明他们错了。
Nila B. Smith
1. In 1812, ,
of the French, led his Grand Army into Russia. He was
prepared for the fierce
of the Russian people defending their . He was prepared for the long march across Russian
soil to Moscow, the capital city. But he was not prepared for the
enemy that met him in Moscow — the , bitter,
Russian winter.
&&&&&&&&&&&&&奈拉·B·史密斯
&&&&&&1812年，法国皇帝拿破仑·波拿巴率大军入侵俄罗斯。他准备好俄罗斯人民会为保卫祖国而奋勇抵抗，他也准备好在俄罗斯广袤的国土上要经过长途跋涉才能进军首都莫斯科，但他却没有料到在莫斯科他会遭遇劲敌——俄罗斯阴冷凄苦的寒冬。
2. In 1941, , leader of Nazi Germany,
an attack against the Soviet Union, as Russia then was
called. Hitler's military might was . His war machine had mowed down resistance in most of
Europe. Hitler expected a short
but, like Napoleon before him, was taught a painful
lesson. The Russian winter again came to the aid of the Soviet
&&&&&&1941年，纳粹德国元首阿道夫·希特勒进攻当时被称作苏联的俄罗斯。希特勒的军事实力堪称无敌，他的战争机器扫除了欧洲绝大部分地区的抵抗。希特勒希望速战速决，但是，就像在他之前的拿破仑一样，他得到的是痛苦的教训。仍是俄罗斯的冬天助了苏维埃士兵一臂之力。
3. Napoleon's Campaign
In the spring of 1812, Napoleon assembled an army of six hundred
thousand men on the
of Russia. The soldiers were well trained, , and well . This military force was called the Grand Army.
Napoleon, confident of a quick victory, predicted the
of Russia in five weeks.
拿破仑发起的战役
&&&&&&1812年春，拿破仑在俄国边境屯兵60万。这些士兵受过良好训练，作战力强，装备精良。这支军队被称为大军。拿破仑对马到成功充满自信，预言要在5个星期内攻下俄国。
4. Shortly afterwards, Napoleon's army crossed the
Neman River into Russia. The quick,
victory that Napoleon expected never happened. To his
surprise, the Russians refused to stand and fight. Instead, they
eastward, burning their crops and homes as they went.
The Grand Army followed, but its advance march soon became
down by slow-moving supply lines.
&&&&&&不久，拿破仑的大军渡过涅曼河进入俄国。拿破仑期盼着的速决速胜却迟迟没有发生。令他吃惊的是，俄国人并不奋起抵抗。相反，他们一路东撤，沿途焚毁庄稼和民居。大军紧追不舍，但它的长驱直入很快由于粮草运输缓慢而停顿下来。
5. In August, the French and Russian armies
at Smolensk, in a battle that left over ten thousand
dead on each side. Yet, the Russians were again able to retreat
farther into Russian territory. Napoleon had won no decisive
victory. He
decision. Should he continue to pursue the Russian
army? Or should he keep his army in Smolensk for the approaching
&&&&&&到了8月，法俄两军在斯摩棱斯克交战，这一战役中，双方各有上万人阵亡。可是，俄国人仍能在自己的国土上继续后撤，拿破仑未能取得决定性的胜利。此刻他面临着一个重要抉择：是继续追击俄国军队，还是把军队驻扎在斯摩棱斯克，在那儿度过将到的冬天？
6. Napoleon took the
of& to Moscow, 448 kilometers away. On September 7, 1812, the
French and Russian armies met in fierce battle at Borodino, 112
kilometers west of Moscow. By , thirty thousand French and forty-four thousand
Russians lay dead or wounded on the battlefield.
&&&&&&拿破仑孤注一掷，决定向远在448公里之外的莫斯科进发。日，法俄两军在莫斯科以西112公里外的鲍罗季诺激战。夜幕降临时，3万名法国士兵以及4万4千名俄国士兵或伤或亡，倒在了战场上。
7. Again, the Russian army retreated to safety.
Napoleon had a clear path to Moscow, but the
of the city became an empty victory. The Russians
fled their capital. Soon after the French arrived, a raging fire
destroyed two-thirds of the city. Napoleon offered a
to Alexander I, but the Russian
knew he could
his time: "We shall let the Russian winter fight the war
&&&&&&俄国军队再次撤往安全之处。拿破仑顺利进入莫斯科，然而，对该市的占领成为毫无意义的胜利。俄国人弃城而走。法国人进城不久，一场熊熊大火将整个城市烧毁了三分之二。拿破仑向亚历山大一世提出停战，但沙皇深知他可以等待时机：“且让俄罗斯的严冬为我们战斗吧。”
8. Napoleon soon realized he could not feed,
clothe, and quarter his army in Moscow during the winter. In
October 1812, he ordered his Grand Army to retreat from Moscow.
&&&&&&拿破仑很快意识到，他无法在冬天向远在莫斯科的军队供应粮草、提供御寒衣物和宿营之地。1812年10月，他命令大军撤出莫斯科。
9. The French retreat turned into a nightmare. From
fields and forests, the Russians launched
attacks on the French. A short distance from
Moscow, the temperature had already dropped to
4 degrees . On November 3, the winter's first snow came. Exhausted
horses fell dead in their tracks.
became stuck in the snow. Equipment had to be burned for
fuel. Soldiers took ill and froze to death. The French soldiers
, leaving the dead along every mile.
&&&&&&法军的撤离成为一场噩梦。俄国人出没于田野与森林，采用打了就跑的战术，向法国人发起攻击。刚出莫斯科城，气温就降到摄氏零下4度。11月3日降下初雪。困乏的马匹倒地而死，大炮陷入雪中，装备只得被用作燃料焚烧，士兵们染病冻死。法国士兵拖着脚步行进，一路上留下无数死尸。
10. As the Russian army was gathering its strength,
the French had to flee Russia to avoid certain defeat. At the
Berezina River, the Russians nearly trapped the retreating French
by burning the bridges over the
river. But Napoleon, by a
of luck, was able to build two new bridges. Thousands of
French soldiers escaped, but
fifty thousand dead. Once across the Berezina,
toward Vilna.
&&&&&&正当俄罗斯军队集聚兵力之时，法国人却不得不逃离俄国，以避免注定的失败。在别列津纳河，俄国人焚烧了涨水的河道上的桥梁，差点将后撤的法军困于河边。侥幸的是，拿破仑居然突击造起两座桥。成千上万法国士兵得以逃脱，但却损失了5万人。渡过别列津纳河，溃不成军的幸存者一瘸一拐地向维尔纽斯行进。
11. Of the six hundred thousand soldiers Napoleon
had led into Russia, less than one hundred thousand came back. The
French army continued its retreat westward across
Europe. Soon, Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia formed a
and attacked these . In March 1814, Paris was captured. Napoleon
and went into , his empire at an end.
&&&&&&拿破仑发兵60万进入俄国，只有不到10万士兵返回。元气大伤的法国军队在欧洲继续西撤。不久，英国、奥地利、俄国以及普鲁士组成强大的联盟，攻击这些散兵游勇。1814年3月，巴黎被占，拿破仑退位去过流放生活，他缔造的帝国随之灭亡。
12. Hitler's Invasion
By early 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of
Germany, had seized control of most of Europe. To the east
of Hitler's German
was the Soviet Union. On June 22, 1941, without a
of war, Hitler began an
of the Soviet Union that was the largest military land
campaign in history. Confident of a quick victory, Hitler expected
the campaign to last no longer than three months. He planned to use
the , or "lightning war,"
that had defeated the rest of Europe. The invasion had
three broad : against Leningrad and Moscow and through the
希特勒的入侵
&&&&&&到1941年初，纳粹德国元首阿道夫·希特勒已经控制了欧洲大部分地区。希特勒的德意志帝国的东部与苏联毗邻。日，希特勒不宣而战，入侵苏联，发动了历史上规模最大的一场陆地战役。希特勒自信能速战速决，预计这一战役不会超过3个月。他计划采用征服了欧洲其余地区的闪电式战略。入侵计划包含三大目标：向列宁格勒与莫斯科进攻，并横扫乌克兰。
by the invasion, Soviet leader
the Russian people to "
the earth" in front of the German invaders. Farms and factories
were burned, destroyed, or
useless. During the first ten weeks of the invasion,
the Germans pushed the front eastward, and the Russians suffered
more than a million .
&&&&&&苏联领导人约瑟夫·斯大林被打了个措手不及，他指示全国人民在德国入侵者到来之前实行“焦土”政策。农场和工厂被焚烧毁坏，或被弄得无法运转。在入侵的最初10个星期内，德国人一路东进，俄国人伤亡人数多达一百多万。
14. In the north, the Germans closed in on . Despite great suffering, however, the people
of Leningrad refused to surrender. As the battle of Leningrad
dragged on into winter, the city's situation became . As food ran out, people died from hunger and
disease. By the middle of the winter of , nearly four
thousand people starved to death every day. Close to one million
people died as a result of the .
&&&&&&在北方，德国人包围了列宁格勒。尽管忍受着极大困苦，列宁格勒的人民绝不投降。列宁格勒保卫战一直持续到冬季，此时该市的处境变得危急。由于食品匮乏，人们因饥饿与疾病死去。1941年到1942年之间的严冬时节，几乎每天有4千人饿死；列宁格勒之围造成近百万人死亡。
15. In the center of Russia, Hitler's goal was the
capture of Moscow. Because the Germans had anticipated a quick
victory, they had made no plans for winter supplies. October
arrived with heavy rains. "General Mud" slowed down the movement of
the Germans' lightning attack.
&&&&&&在俄国中部，希特勒的目标是占领莫斯科。由于德国人指望速战速决，他们没有准备过冬的补给。10月来临，大雨不停，“泥泞将军”拖延了德国人闪电式进攻的行动。
16. As Hitler's armies drew closer and closer to
Moscow, an early, severe winter settled over the Soviet Union, the
harshest in years. Temperatures dropped to minus 48 degrees
Celsius. Heavy snows fell. The German soldiers, completely
unprepared for the Russian winter, froze in their light summer
uniforms. The German tanks lay buried in the heavy . The Russian winter .
&&&&&&正当希特勒的军队逼近莫斯科时，寒冷的冬季早早地降临苏联，而且是多年不遇的严寒。气温降到摄氏零下48度，大雪纷飞。对俄国的严寒冬季毫无思想准备的德国士兵身着单薄的夏装，一个个被冻伤，德国人的坦克掩埋在深深的雪堆中。俄罗斯的冬季阻止了德国人的攻势。
17. By the summer of 1942, Hitler had launched two
new . In the south, the Germans captured Sevastopol.
Hitler then pushed east to Stalingrad, a great industrial city that
stretched for 48 kilometers along the Volga River. Despite great
suffering, Soviet defenders refused to give up Stalingrad.
&&&&&&到1942夏天，希特勒又发起两场新的攻势。在南方，德国人占领了塞瓦斯托波尔。希特勒随后向东推进到沿伏尔加河绵延48公里的大工业城市斯大林格勒。尽管艰苦，但苏联抵抗者拒绝放弃斯大林格勒。
18. In November 1942, the Russians launched a
. With little or no shelter from the winter cold
in and around Stalingrad, German
were further weakened by a lack of food and supplies.Not
until January 1943 did the Germans give up their siege. Of the
three hundred thousand Germans attacking Stalingrad, only ninety
thousand starving soldiers were left. The loss of the battle for
Stalingrad finally turned the
against Hitler. The German victories were over,
the Russian winter.
&&&&&&1942年11月，俄国人发起了一场反攻。德国军队在斯大林格勒城内外几乎没有挡风避寒的地方，食品和补给的匮乏更使其元气大伤。直到1943年1月德国人才放弃围城，进攻斯大林格勒的30万德国人只剩下9万忍饥挨饿的士兵。斯大林格勒一战的失利最终使希特勒走向穷途末路。部分地由于俄罗斯的冬季，德国人走向失败了。
19. During 1943 and 1944, the Soviet armies pushed
the German front back toward the west. In the north, the Red Army
broke the three-year
with a surprise attack on January 15,
1944. Within two weeks, the
survivors of Leningrad saw their invaders depart. By
March 1944, the Ukraine farming
was again in Soviet hands. On May 9, 1944, Sevastopol
was liberated from the Germans. The Russians were now heading for
&&&&&&在1943年与1944年期间，苏联军队将德军阵线往西逼退。在北方，日，红军发起突然袭击，解除了列宁格勒长达3年之久的围困。列宁格勒那些英勇无畏的幸存者看着入侵者在两个星期内全部撤离。到了1944年3月，乌克兰的农村又回到了苏维埃手中。日，塞瓦斯托波尔从德国人手中被解放出来。至此，俄国人开始向柏林进发。
20. For Hitler, the invasion of the Soviet Union
had turned into a military disaster. For the Russian people, it
suffering. The total Soviet dead in
reached almost 23 million.
&&&&&&就希特勒而言，入侵苏联成为一场军事灾难。对俄罗斯人民来说，这场入侵带来了无法形容的苦难，苏维埃在第二次世界大战中死亡的人数几乎达到2千3百万。
21. Russia's Icy Defender
The elements of nature must be
in any military campaign. Napoleon and Hitler
of the Russian winter. Snow, ice, and freezing
temperatures
on both invading armies. For the Russian
people, the winter was an icy defender.
俄罗斯的冰雪卫士
&&&&&&任何军事行动都必须考虑到自然的因素。拿破仑和希特勒都低估了俄罗斯冬季的严酷。冰雪和极低的气温使两支侵略军付出了惨重的代价。对俄罗斯人民而言，严冬是他们的冰雪卫士。
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