现在完成时可以表示过去将来完成时实际会及应该会发生的事或一般真理。现在完成时表示先行完成的事。这两句话怎么理

求英语语法一般现在时、一般将来时、一般过去时、过去将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时、现在进行时、
求英语语法一般现在时、一般将来时、一般过去时、过去将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时、现在进行时、
等语法有什么区别?最好讲解的通俗点!谢谢!
1.一般现在时的用法1)经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语:every…,sometimes,at…,onSunday。例如:Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.每天早上我七点离开家。2)客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。例如:Theearthmovesaroundthesun.地球绕太阳转动。ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.上海位于中国东部。3)表示格言或警句。例如:Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例:Columbusprovedthattheearthisround.哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。4)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如:Idon'twantsomuch.我不要那么多。AnnwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.安英语写得不错,讲的可不行。比较:NowIputthesugarinthecup.把糖放入杯子。Iamdoingmyhomeworknow.我正在做功课。第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。2.一般过去时的用法1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如:时间状语有:yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1982等。例如:Wheredidyougojustnow?刚才你上哪儿去了?2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。例如:WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.我是个孩子的时候,常在马路上踢足球。WhenevertheBrownswentduringtheirvisit,theyweregivenawarmwelcome.那时,布朗一家无论什么时候去,都受到热烈欢迎。3)句型:Itistimeforsb.todosth"到……时间了""该……了"。例如:Itistimeforyoutogotobed.你该睡觉了。Itistimethatsb.didsth."时间已迟了""早该……了",例如Itistimeyouwenttobed.你早该睡觉了。would(had)rathersb.didsth.表示'宁愿某人做某事'。例如:I'dratheryoucametomorrow.还是明天来吧。4)wish,wonder,think,hope等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等,而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。例如:Ithoughtyoumighthavesome.我以为你想要一些。比较:Christinewasaninvalidallherlife.(含义:她已不在人间。)Christinehasbeenaninvalidallherlife.(含义:她现在还活着)Mrs.DarbylivedinKentuckyforsevenyears.(含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)Mrs.DarbyhaslivedinKentuckyforsevenyears.(含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能指刚离去)注意:用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气。1)动词want,hope,wonder,think,intend等。例如:Didyouwantanythingelse?您还要些什么吗?Iwonderedifyoucouldhelpme.能不能帮我一下。2)情态动词could,would。例如:Couldyoulendmeyourbike?你的自行车,能借用一些吗?3.一般将来时1)shall用于第一人称,常被will所代替。will在陈述句中用于各人称,在征求意见时常用于第二人称。例如:WhichparagraphshallIreadfirst?我先读哪一段呢?Willyoubeathomeatseventhisevening?今晚七点回家好吗?2)begoingto+不定式,表示将来。a.主语的意图,即将做某事。例如:Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?明天打算作什么呢?b.计划,安排要发生的事。例如:Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth。这出戏下月开播。c.有迹象要发生的事。例如:Lookatthedarkclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorm.看那乌云,快要下雨了。3)be+不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如:WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。4)beaboutto+不定式,意为马上做某事。例如:HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.他马上要去北京。注意:beabouttodo不能与tomorrow,nextweek等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。4.一般现在时表将来1)下列动词come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般现在时可以表示将来,主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如:Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.火车明天上午六点开。Whendoesthebusstar?Itstarsintenminutes.汽车什么时候开?十分钟后。2)以here,there等开始的倒装句,表示动作正在进行。例如:Herecomesthebus.=Thebusiscoming.车来了。Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.铃响了。3)在时间或条件句中。例如:WhenBillcomes(不是willcome),askhimtowaitforme.比尔来后,让他等我。I'llwritetoyouassoonasIarrivethere.我到了那里,就写信给你。4)在动词hope,takecarethat,makesurethat等的宾语从句中。例如:Ihopetheyhaveanicetimenextweek.我希望他们下星期玩得开心。Makesurethatthewindowsareclosedbeforeyouleavetheroom.离开房间前,务必把窗户关了。5.用现在进行时表示将来下列动词come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return等现在进行时可以表示将来。例如:I'mleavingtomorrow.明天我要走了。Areyoustayingheretillnextweek?你会在这儿呆到下周吗?6.现在完成时现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,其结果的影响现在还存在;也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成:have(has)+过去分词。7.比较一般过去时与现在完成时1)一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。2)一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday,lastweek,…ago,in1980,inOctober,justnow等,现在完成时的时间状语:for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,uptonow,inpastyears,always等,皆不确定的时间状语。共同的时间状语:thismorning,tonight,thisApril,now,already,recently,lately等。3)现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live,teach,learn,work,study,know.。一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come,go,leave,start,die,finish,become,getmarried等。例如:Isawthisfilmyesterday.(强调看的动作发生过了)Ihaveseenthisfilm.(强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了)Whydidyougetupsoearly?(强调起床的动作已发生过了)Whohasn'thandedinhispaper?(强调有卷子未交,疑为不公平竞争)HehasbeenintheLeagueforthreeyears.(在团内的状态可延续)HehasbeenaLeaguememberforthreeyears.(是团员的状态可持续)句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如yesterday,last,week,in1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。(错)Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight.(对)Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.8.用于现在完成时的句型1)Itisthefirst/secondtime....that…结构中的从句部分,用现在完成时。例如:ItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedthecity.这是我第一次访问这城市。Thisisthefirsttime(that)I'veheardhimsing.这是我第一次听他唱歌。注意:Itwasthethirdtimethattheboyhadbeenlate.2)Thisis+形容词最高级+that…结构,that从句要用现在完成时。例如:ThisisthebestfilmthatI've(ever)seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。9.过去完成时1)概念:表示过去的过去----|----------|--------|----&其构成是had+过去分词构成。那时以前那时现在2)用法a.在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句。例如:Shesaid(that)shehadneverbeentoParis.她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。b.状语从句在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。例如:Whenthepolicearrived,thethieveshadrunaway.警察到达时,小偷们早就跑了。c.表示意向的动词,如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…"。例如:Wehadhopedthatyouwouldcome,butyoudidn't.那时我们希望你能来,但是你没有来。3)过去完成时的时间状语before,by,until,when,after,once,assoonas。例如:HesaidthathehadlearnedsomeEnglishbefore.他说过他以前学过一些英语。Bythetimehewastwelve,Edisonhadbegantomakealivingbyhimself.到了十二岁那年,爱迪生开始自己谋生。Tomwasdisappointedthatmostoftheguestshadleftwhenhearrivedattheparty.汤姆失望了,因为他到达晚会时,大部分客人已经走了。10.用一般过去时代替过去完成时1)两个动作如按顺序发生,又不强调先后,或用then,and,but等连词时,多用一般过去时。例如:Whenshesawthemouse,shescreamed.她看到老鼠,就叫了起来。MyauntgavemeahatandIlostit.姑妈给了我一顶帽子,我把它丢了。2)两个动作相继发生,可用一般过去时;如第一个动作需要若干时间完成,用过去完成时。例如:WhenIheardthenews,Iwasveryexcited.3)叙述历史事实,可不用过去完成时,而只用一般过去时。例如:OurteachertoldusthatColumbusdiscoveredAmericain1492.11.将来完成时1)构成willhavedone2)概念a.状态完成:表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。例如:Theywillhavebeenmarriedfor20yearsbythen.到那时他们结婚将有二十年了。b.动作完成:表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前,已经完成的动作或获得的经验。例如:YouwillhavereachedShanghaibythistimetomorrow.明天此时,你已经到达上海了12现在进行时现在进行时的基本用法:a.表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。例如:Wearewaitingforyou.我们正在等你。b.习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。例如:Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.他在写另一部小说。(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。)c.表示渐变,这样的动词有:get,grow,become,turn,run,go,begin等。例如:Theleavesareturningred.叶子在变红。It'sgettingwarmerandwarmer.天越来越热了。d.与always,constantly,forever等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。例如:Youarealwayschangingyourmind.你老是改变主意。13.过去进行时1)概念:表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。2)过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作延续的时候,另一个短动作发生。3)常用的时间状语有thismorning,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening,when,while等。例如:Mybrotherfellwhilehewasridinghisbicycleandhurthimself.我兄弟骑车时摔了下来,受了伤。Itwasrainingwhentheyleftthestation.他们离开车站时,正下着雨。WhenIgottothetopofthemountain,thesunwasshining.我到达山顶时,阳光灿烂。14.将来进行时1)概念:表示将来某时进行的状态或动作,或按预测将来会发生的事情。例如:She'llbecomingsoon.她会很快来的。I'llbemeetinghimsometimeinthefuture.将来我一定去见他。注意:将来进行时不用于表示"意志",不能说I'llbehavingatalkwithher.2)常用的时间状语有soon,tomorrow,thisevening,onSunday,bythistime,tomorrow,intwodays,tomorrowevening等。例如:Bythistimetomorrow,I'llbelyingonthebeach.明天此时,我正躺在海滩上呢。15.一般现在时代替一般将来时When,while,before,after,till,once,assoonas,solongas,bythetime,if,incase(that),unless,evenif,whether,themoment,theminute,theday,theyear,immediately等引导的时间状语从句,条件句中,用一般现在时代替将来时。例如:HeisgoingtovisitherauntthedayhearrivesinBeijing.他一到北京,就去看他姨妈16.一般现在时代替一般过去时1)"书上说","报纸上说"等。例如:Thenewspapersaysthatit'sgoingtobecoldtomorrow.报纸上说明天会很冷的。2)叙述往事,使其生动。例如:Napoleon'sarmynowadvancesandthegreatbattlebegins.拿破仑的军队正在向前挺进,大战开始了17.一般现在时代替现在完成时1)有些动词用一般现在时代替完成时,如hear,tell,learn,write,understand,forget,know,find,say,remember等。例如:Ihear(=haveheard)hewillgotoLondon.我听说了他将去伦敦。Iforget(=haveforgotten)howoldheis.我忘了他多大了。2)用句型"Itis…since…"代替"Ithasbeen…since…"。例如:Itis(=hasbeen)fiveyearssincewelastmet.从我们上次见面以来,五年过去了。18.一般现在时代替现在进行时。在Herecomes…/Theregoes…等句型里,用一般现在时代替现在进行时。例如:Theregoesthebell.铃响了。19.现在进行时代替将来时1)表示即将发生的或预定中计划好的活动。例如:Areyoustayingwithusthisweekend?和我们一起度周末好吗?Weareleavingsoon.我们马上就走。2)渐变动词,如get,run,grow,become,begin以及瞬间动词die等。例如:Heisdying.他要死了。20.时态一致1)如果从句所叙述的为真理或相对不变的事实,则用现在时。例如:Atthattime,peopledidnotknowthattheearthmoves.那时,人们不知道地球是动的。Hetoldmelastweekthatheiseighteen.上星期他告诉我他十八岁了。2)宾语从句中的,助动词ought,need,must,dare的时态是不变的。例如:HethoughtthatIneednottellyouthetruth.他认为我不必告诉你真相
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外语领域专家现在完成时:表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去开..
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现在完成时:表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造...
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3秒自动关闭窗口现在完成时和一般现在时表将来有什么区别?_百度作业帮
拍照搜题,秒出答案
现在完成时和一般现在时表将来有什么区别?
现在完成时和一般现在时表将来有什么区别?
一、从结构上现在完成时:have/has done 一般现在时:do/.does二、表达意义1.现在完成时:如果done是用的瞬间性动词,表示完成.如果用的是延续性动词,表示延续.比较下列两句:You have hurt me.(完成,hurt是“伤害”,瞬间性动词.You have lived here.(延续,live是“居住”,延续性动词.2.一般现在时:这里就讲表将来的意思.一般现在时表将来是很局限的,仅用在“列车时刻表,航班时间表,时间或条件状语从句中”等表示常态的事情下.如:The train leaves at 9:00.
1.现在完成时:表示到现在为止动作已经完成了。通常翻译成“已经--”
结构 :have /has + done 常见的特征词:just、already, yet, recently ,lately ,for+一段时间, since ,so for
等如:I have already seen the film.我已经看过这部...
完成时态强调完成这个状态。一般现在时单纯表达事情发生在现在这个时间而已。现在完成时态_百度百科
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由“have/has+过去分词”构成,主要有两个含义:
①表示动作发生在过去,但与现在的情况有联系,有时无时间状语,有时和一些表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如:many times,just,yet,ever,never,already,before,so far, by now等连用。
②表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能继续延续下去的动作,用于延续性动词,且句中常带有表示一段时间的时间状语,如:,for two months, so far等。类&&&&型英语语法特&&&&征for two months
由“have/has+”构成,主要有两个含义:
①表示动作发生在,对现在有影响,有时无,有时和一些表示不确定的过去连用,如:many times,just,yet,ever,never,already,before,so far, by now等连用。
②表示从某一时间开始一直延续到并还可能继续延续下去的动作,用于,且句中常带有表示一段时间的,如:since + 时间点/,for two months, so far等。
二 、1)和都能表示过去发生过的动作,但现在完成时表示过去动作对现在的影响,并且表示这一动作已完成或还可能继续下去;2)而一般过去时与现在的情况没有联系,仅表示过去的动作,且这一动作到说话时已终止。因此不能与表示明确的时间如:in1949,yesterday,last week等的连用,并且用when或where对这些时间和提问时,一般只用。
在“it is first/secondtime that。”或在“it/this/that is the +最高级+名词+that...。”结构中,that中的动词常用;在“it + be+since从句”这一结构中,be可用或,since从句一般用时。have/has/had +been +动词的现在进行时。
1)时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。
2)时常与具体的连用,而通常与模糊的连用,或无时间状语。的时间状语:
yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, just now, 具体的
this morning, tonight, this April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
3)可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
时常用的有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
I saw this film yesterday.
(强调看的动作发生过了。)
I have seen this film.
(强调对的影响,电影的内容已经知道了。)
Why did you get up so early?
(强调起床的动作已发生过了。)
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
(强调有卷子,可能为不公平竞争。)
She has returned from Paris.
她已从回来了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回来了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在团内的状态可延续)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是团员的状态可持续)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入团,joined为短暂行为。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有时的时间(如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960)时,不能使用,要用过去时。
(错)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.
(对)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.1)It is the first / second time…. that…结构中的部分,用。
It is the first time that I have visited the city.
It was the third time that the boy had been late.
2)This is the… that…结构,that要用.
This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.
这是我看过的最好的电影。
This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing.这是我第一次听他唱歌。---No, this is the first time I ___ here.
was B. have been C. came D. am coming
答案B. This is the first time 后面所加应为,故选B。
---No, it's the first time I ___ here.
even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come
答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时,反意词为never,此两词常用于完成时。 This is the largest fish I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中,要用完成时。
注意:的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。
(错)I have received his letter for a month.
(对)I haven't received his letter for almost a month.
比较since和for
Since 用来说明动作起始时间,for用来说明动作延续时间长度。
I have lived here for more than twenty years.
I have lived here since I was born..
My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949.
Some new oilfields have been opened up since 1976.
I have known Xiao Li since she was a little girl.
My brother has been in the Youth League for two years.
I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.
注意:并非有for 作为的句子都用。
I worked here for more than twenty years.
(我已不在这里工作。)
I have worked here for many years.
(我仍在这里工作。)
小窍门:当+一段时间,这一结构中,我们用下面的公式转化,很容易就能排除非延续动词在完成时中的误使。
(对) Tom has studied Russian for three years.
= Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.
(错) Harry has got married for six years.
= Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.
显然,第二句不对,它应改为 Harry got married six years ago.或 Harry has been married for six years.1) since +一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、、1980, last month, half past six)。
I have been here since 1989.
2) since +一段时间+ ago
I have been here since five months ago.
3) since +从句
Great changes have taken place since you left.
Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here.
4) It is +一段时间+ since从句
It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.1) 用于完成时的区别
延续动词表示经验、经历; 表示行为的结 果,不能与表示段的连用。
He has completed the work.他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果)
I've known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历)
2)用于till / until的差异
作为延续动词一般用于肯定句,表示&做……直到……& 作为瞬间动词一般用于否定句,表示&到……,才……&
He didn't come back until ten o'clock.
他到10 点才回来。
He slept tll ten o'clock.
他一直睡到10点。1. You don't need to describe her. I ___ her several times.
A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet
答案B. 首先本题后句强调对的影响,我知道她的模样,你不用描述。再次,several times告知为反复发生的动作,因此用。
2.---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.
---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.
A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be
答案A. 等待的动作由开始,持续到,应用。1.写出下列单词的过去式、过去分词
arrive _________ _________
brush _________ __________
send _________ _________
write _________ __________
hear _________ __________
fall _________ __________
drop_________ __________
lose _________ __________
feel _________ __________
lose__________ __________
use _________ __________
wear _________ _________
think________ __________
thank_________ _________
own _________ __________
invent ________ _________
build _________ _________
allow _________ __________
2. 用单词的适当形式填空
1).- _____ you ______(write )your letter yet ? – Yes, I _______ (write ) it last night .
2)- Jim ____________ ( not finish ) his homework yet .When _______ he ________(finish ) it? - Maybe tomorrow .
3) -I ________ never _______ (be) to America before . What about you ? -I _________ (go) there last year .
4) –Where is your father ? -He _______ (go ) to Beijing . He ________ (leave ) five days ago . 5)-I’m sorry to keep you waiting here.
-Oh, it doesn’t matter . I ________ (be) here for only a few minutes . 6) We will wait here until another bus _______ (come ) .
7) –Have you finished your homework ,Tom ? – Not yet . I _________ (do) it now . 8)- When ______ you ______ (plant ) the tree ? – Last year.
9) I don’t know if Mary ________ (come) .If she _______ (come), I’ll tell her what to do . 10)- _____ you _____ (go) and ______ (see) a film with me tonight ? -No, I won’t . I _______ (see) it already .
11) We ______ (hold) a meeting yesterday . And there ________ (be) another one tomorrow . 12)- Who _____ (win ) the men’s football match ? – We did .
13) The students of Grade Three ________ (learn) more than 2000 English words so far . 14)- How long _____ your grandfather _____ (be ) dead ? – For two years . He ______ (die ) the year before last .
15)- _____ you _____ (read ) this book before ? –Yes ,I ______ (read ) twice . 16) It ______ (be) five days since he ______ (leave ) his hometown . 17) I ______ (wait )you for a long time . Where _____you _____ ( be) ?
18) All the children _______ (enjoy )themselves now .Some ______ (sing ) , some ______
(dance ), others _______ (play ) games .
19) China _______ (send ) many man-made satellites into the space in the last three years . 20) When I ______ (leave ) school a moment ago ,it ________ (rain ) hard . 21) Don’t watch TV until your homework ________ (do) . 22) He ________just ______ (travel) to foreign countries .
23) We _________ ( not see) each other since we ________ ( leave ) middle school.
24) While I _______ (walk) on the road last night , I ______ (meet) an old friend of mine . 25)- ______ your mother ever______ (watch) such a film ? – No, never.
3.转变句型
1) He joined the army two years ago . He ______ ______ ______ the army _____ two years . 2) The man bought a new car last month . The man ______ ______ a new car ______ last month . 3) The baby fell asleep five minutes ago . The baby _______ ______ asleep _____ five minutes . 4) They opened the shop last week . The shop ______ ______ _______ for a week .
5) Tom borrowed the books yesterday . Tom ______ ______ the books for only one day . 6) The film began half an hour ago . The film ______ _______ ______ for half an hour .
7) She became a League member last year . She _____ ______ a League member _____ last year. 8) The girl left her hometown ten years ago .
The girl _____ _____ ____ _____her hometown for ten years . 9) I got to know him three years ago . I_____ _____ him ______ three years . 10) We began to learn English two years ago . We ____ ____ English ____ two years ago [1]
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