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请大神帮我把下面这句长难句分析一下成分.Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance,with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect,and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued
阿尔萨斯8B
这位同学你好!这个句子的确挺难,我也是睡不着觉,看了好久,才看出眉目,具体如下:大体结构:主+谓+宾详细结构:Dependence(主语)is marked first by(be marked by是被动语态,作谓语.first副词作状语修饰mark)an increased tolerance(名词作宾语.increased分词作定语修饰tolerance)with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect(此处是with+n.结构作状语,表示“随着 / 即”.主干是with the substance,required分词作后置定语,to produce the desired effect目的状语修饰required)and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms(and是连词,并列连接两个宾语.then是副词作状语,和之前的first对应.by是be marked by结构的那个介词,因为是两个宾语.the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms名词短语作宾语)when the substance is discontinued(when引导条件状语从句,表示“当…的时候”,修饰前面的谓语be marked by)整个句子翻译下来是:依赖性的第一个特点是越来越多的容忍,即越来越多的这种想要达到期望的效果所必须的东西;而当这种东西不复存在之时,将显示出不理想的退步的征状——这是依赖性的第二个特点.衷心希望帮到你!
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求大神帮忙翻译一下
Convection, it may be necessary to prevent the loss of heat from a hot vessel or steam pipe. Heat transfer by convection is attributable to macroscopic motion of the fluid and therefore is confined to liquids and gases, or absorbed ,and reaction vessels. Provided that a temperature difference exists between two part of a system, transmitted,driers.
ConductionIn the majority of chemical process heat is either given out or absorbed, the flow of heat by conduction is the result of the transfer vibrational energy from one molecule to another. In a solid. All materials radiate thermal energy in the form of electromagnetic waves. It is only the fraction that is absorbed that appears as heat in the body. In natural convection it is causes by differences in density arising from temperature gradients in the system,it is due to eddy currents in a fluid in turbulent motion. This process is particularly important with metals and accounts for their high thermal conductivities, and in fluids it occurs in addition as a result of the transfer of kinetic energy, and in a very wide range of chemical plant. Thus in furnaces evaporators distillation units. In forced convection. Heat transfer by conduction may also arise from the movement of free electrons. Alternatively, heat transfer will take place in one pr more of three different ways, one of the major problems is that of transferring heat at the desired rate. The control of the flow of heat in the desired manner forms one of the most important sections of chemical engineering, fluids must often be either heated or cooled.
Radiation. When this radiation falls on a second body it may be partially reflected
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辐射。再液体中,在固体中。在自然对流中,其原因是由于密度的不同在系统中产生的温度梯度、透射或吸收,有热传导方式进行的热交换是振动能从一个分子向另一个分子转移的结果,热交换中的对流是流体的宏观流动产生的在大多数的化学(反应)过程中,热量不是被释放就是被吸收,以期望的方式控制热的流动形成了一个最重要的化学工程的分支,只有被吸收的那一小部分会在该物体中表现为热(量)。因此在窑炉蒸发器,可能就有一部分被反射、干燥器和反应容器中,所有的物体都以电磁波的形式辐射热能,因此局限于液体和气体,还有额外的动能转移的结果。 够累的,它是由于湍动的流体中中的涡流造成的。由于在系统的两个部分存在有温差,谢谢采纳。由热传导产生的热交换也会由于自由电子的运动而发生,主要的问题之一就是热的交换要有一个期望的速率。或者说有必要避免热熔器或蒸汽管道中的热损耗。
热传导。在强制对流中,是其高热导率的重要原因,并且在大部分的化工厂,流体不是被加热就是被冷却,所以热的交换是以三种方式中的一种或多种方式发生的,这一过程对金属尤为重要。
对流。当这一辐射落到另一物体时
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