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14年高考英语复习要点梳理——必修5Unit 3
　　小编导语：14年高考英语复习要点梳理——必修5Unit 3是小编为你准备的14年高考英语复习要点梳理——必修5Unit 3。2014年高考第一轮复习同学们一定要针对那些要点进行复习。以下就是14年高考英语复习要点梳理——必修5Unit 3，供你阅读。　　必修5　　Unit 3　Life in the future　　要 点 梳 理 高效梳理·知识备考　　●重点单词　　1.impression n.印象;感想;印记→impress v.给某人深刻印象→impressive adj.给人深刻印象的　　2.constant adj.时常发生的;连续不断的→constantly adv.不断地　　3.previous adj.在前的;早先的　　4.guide n.指导;向导;导游 vt.指引;指导　　5.surrounding n.周围的事物;环境 adj.周围的→surround vt.围绕　　6.tolerate vt.容忍;忍受　　7.lack vi. & vt.缺乏;没有 n.缺乏;短缺的东西　　8.adjustment n.调整;调节→adjust vt.调整;使适应　　9.press vi. & vt.按;压;逼迫n.按;压;印刷;新闻→pressure n.压力　　10.fasten vt.系牢;扎牢　　11.switch n.开关;转换 vt.转换　　12.optimistic adj.乐观(主义)的→pessimistic(反义词)　　13.desert n.沙漠;荒原　　14.typist n.打字员→typewriter n.打字机　　15.instant n.瞬间;片刻 adj.立即的;立刻的→instantly adv.马上　　16.greedy adj.贪吃的;贪婪的;贪心的　　17.representative n.代表;典型人物 adj.典型的;有代表性的→represent v.代表　　18.settlement n.定居;解决→settle v.定居;解决→settler n.定居者　　●重点短语　　1.take up　拿起;接受;开始;继续　　2.be back on one’s feet (困境后)恢复;完全复原　　3.lose sight of 看不见　　4.sweep up 打扫;横扫　　5.slide into (快捷而悄声地)移动;溜进……　　6.speed up 加速　　7.as a result 结果　　8.be similar to... 与……相似　　9.in all directions 向四面八方　　10.show...around... 带领某人参观　　●重点句型　　1.At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.　　起初，我的新环境很难忍受。　　2.However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.然而，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于太多的客车朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。　　3.Exhausted,_I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.太疲倦了，我爬上床很快就睡着了。　　●高考范文　　(2008·全国Ⅱ)　　假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Peter来信向你咨询如何才能学好中文。请你根据下列要点写封回信。　　要点：1.参加中文学习班;　　2.看中文书刊、电视;　　3.学唱中文歌曲;　　4.交中国朋友。　　注意：1.词数100左右;　　2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;　　3.开头和结尾语已为你写好。　　June 8, 2008　　Dear Peter，　　I'm glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.　　____________________________________________________　　____________________________________________________　　Best wishes.　　Li Hua　　[范文]　　June_8,2008　　Dear_Peter，　　I'm_glad_to_receive_your_letter_asking_for_my_advice_on_how_to_learn_Chinese_well.　　Here are a few suggestions. First, it is important to take a Chinese course, as you'll be able to learn from the teacher and practice with your fellow students. Then, it also helps to watch TV and read books, newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever possible.　　Besides, it should be a good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs, because by doing so you'll learn and remember Chinese words more easily. You can also make more Chinese friends. They will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese.　　Try and write me in Chinese next time.　　Best_wishes.　　Li_Hua　　考 点 探 究 互动探究·能力备考　　Ⅰ.词汇短语过关　　1.impression n. 印象;感想;印记　　impress vt. 使感动，使留下印象　　impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的　　have an impression of 对……有印象　　be under the impression that... 认为……;以为……　　make an impression on 给……留下印象　　impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人铭记某事物　　impress sb. with sth. 使某人铭记某事物　　be impressed by/at/with 对……印象深刻　　an impressive scene 难忘的场面　　[即学即练1](1)The new teacher　　_________________________ the students.　　新教师给学生留下了一个好印象。　　(2)I __________________ that I‘ve seen that man before.　　我觉得我以前见过那个人。　　(3)The robber _____________________ his feet in the mud.强盗在烂泥里留下了他的脚印。　　(4)The teacher ____________ the importance of English ______ us.老师让我们铭记(向我们强调)英语的重要性。　　made a good impression on　　have the impression　　left an impression of　　impressed　　on　　(5)I was deeply __________________ his performance.　　他的表演给我留下极深的印象。　　impressed by/at/with　　2.previous adj.以前的;早先的　　previous to...在……前;先于……(to为介词)　　previously adv.先前地;以前地　　[即学即练2](1)No ____________ experience is necessary for this job.这一工作无需相关的经验。　　(2)____________ this, she’d always been ill.　　这以前，她身体一向不好。　　(3)The world record was _____________ held by a Spanish athlete.这项世界纪录以前是由一位西班牙运动员保持的。　　previous　　Previous to　　previously　　3.guide n.向导，指南，指导，导游，有指导意义的事物　　vt.指导，管理，带领　　a guide to...……的指南　　guide post路标　　guide sb. through/across带领某人穿越……　　[即学即练3](1)Teachers should ______ the students ______ their studies.教师应当指导学生们进行学习。　　(2)These philosophical views can serve as a ____________ life.这些哲学观点可以作为处世指南。　　(3)He ______ the man through the streets to the railway station.他带这个人穿过街道到达火车站。　　(4)I don’t know. You may look in the TV ______.　　我不知道，你可以看看《电视报》。　　(5)It’s an important ____________ the study of science.　　这是学习科学的重要指南。　　guide　　in　　guide in　　guided　　Guide　　guide to　　4.instant n.瞬间，刹那　adj.立即的，立刻的　　in instant need of help急需救助　　in an instant立刻;马上　　表“一……就……”的有：　　the minute/moment/second/instant, as soon as ，　　instantly, immediately, directly　　[即学即练4](1)I need __________________.　　我需要立即回答。　　(2)The injured were ________________________ help.　　那些伤者急需救助。　　(3)I shall be back __________________.　　我马上就回来。　　(4)Please send me an email ____________ you reach Sichuan.你一到四川就给我发电子邮件。　　an instant reply　　in instant need of　　in an instant　　the instant　　(5)__________ I saw him I knew he was the man the police were looking for.　　我一看见他就认出他正是警方在寻找的那个人。　　Instantly　　5.take up 占去(时间/空间);开始学习;从事……;继续;接受;拿起;改短(衣服);加入　　take off 脱(衣服);起飞;成名　　take in 吸入;领会;包含;收留(某人)　　take away 解除;消除(痛苦等)　　take back 收回(说过的话);退回(货物);与……重　　归于好，使回忆起　　take down (=write down, note down) 写下;拆除　　take on 呈现(新面貌);雇用;承担责任　　take for 当做;误认为　　take apart 拆开　　take over 接管，接收　　[即学即练5]　写出下列句中take up的意思。　　(1)Finally he took up the textbook and read us the lesson.　　___________________________________________________　　(2)The table takes up too much room.　　____________________________________________________　　(3)She took up the story where Tim had left off.　　____________________________________________________　　拿起　　占去(空间)　　继续　　(4)John took up writing poetry while at school.　　____________________________________________________　　(5)She took up his offer of a drink.　　____________________________________________________　　(6)This skirt needs taking up.　　____________________________________________________　　(7)Their protests were later taken up by other groups.　　____________________________________________________　　开始从事　　接受　　改短(衣服)　　加入　　6.lose sight of看不见　　at the sight of...在看到……时　　catch sight of...望见，看到……　　in/within sight在视线内，可以被看见　　in sight of...可以看见……　　out of sight看不见了，不被人看见　　[即学即练6](1)I __________________ him in the crowd.　　在人群中我再也看不到他了。　　(2)She let out a cry _______________________the snake.她一见到蛇，就发出叫喊声。　　(3)Sheila __________________ her own face in one of the shop windows.　　希拉在一扇橱窗里瞥见了自己的脸。　　(4)When we got to the beach, there wasn’t a soul ____________.我们到达海滩时一个人也看不到。　　lost sight of　　at the sight of　　caught sight of　　in sight　　7.speed up (使)加快速度;(使)增加……速度　　at a/the speed of 以……的速度　　run at full speed 以全速跑　　pick up speed 加快速度　　with all great speed 以全速，开足马力　　at a high/low speed 以高速/低速　　at (the) top speed 以最高速度　　speed limit 速度限制　　[即学即练7](1)The train began to __________________. 火车开始加速。　　(2)The train soon ____________. 火车很快加速了。　　(3)She ____________ and overtook them.　　她加快速度超过了他们。　　(4)The train runs ___________________ 200 kilometres an hour.火车以每小时200千米的速度行驶。　　pick up speed　　speeded up　　speeded up　　at a speed of　　Ⅱ.重点句型详解　　1.However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too wany carriages flying by in all directions. 然而，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于太多的客车朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。　　what looked like... 是宾语从句，做 reached 的宾语。what 在宾语从句中做主语，表示地点。这时，同学们要注意，别把 what 误用做 where。因为 where是连接副词，在从句中做地点状语，而 what 是连接代词，在从句中做主语、宾语、表语或定语。what 引导名词性从句时，常含有事情、状况、言语、时间和地点的意味。　　①What surprised me most was his way of speaking.　　最让我吃惊的是他的说话方式。(what 表事情)　　②She is no longer what she used to be.　　她不再是以前的样子了。(what 表状况)　　③We were all confused by what he said.　　我们都被他说的话弄迷糊了。(what 表言语)　　④He had driven for what seemed three hours.　　他开车开了似乎三个小时了。(what 表时间)　　⑤They finally reached what was called “a lonely island”.　　他们终于来到了一个叫“孤岛”的地方。(what 表地点)　　[即境活用1]　(1)(2008·北京)The companies are working together to create ______ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.　　A.which　B.that　　C.what D.who　　答案：C　　解析：句意：这些公司正在一起努力创造他们所希望的21世纪最好的交通方式。what 引导宾语从句，在从句中做主语。 which “哪一个”，who “谁”，that 在名词性从句中不充当成分。　　(2)(2007·浙江)Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That's ______ the best jobs are.　　A.where B.what　　C.when D.why　　答案：A　　解析：句意：为什么不去市中心碰碰运气呢，鲍勃?在那个地方有最好的工作。where 在此引导表语从句，在从句中做状语。　　2.Exhausted,_I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.　　我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。　　exhausted为形容词在句中做伴随状语。　　①He spent seven days in the wind and snow, cold and hungry.他又冷又饿地在风雪中过了7天。　　②For a moment she just stood there, unable to believe what had just happened.她在那儿呆呆地站了一会儿，简直不能相信刚才发生的事。　　③He lay on the bed, awake.　　他躺在床上，醒着。　　④The boy lay, relaxed on the sofa.　　小男孩放松地躺在沙发上。　　⑤Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.新的环境把我弄得心烦意乱的，由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到受不了。　　[即境活用2]　(2008·北京)After the long journey, the three of them went back home, ______.　　A.hungry and tiredly　　B.hungry and tired　　C.hungrily and tiredly　　D.hungrily and tired　　答案：B　　解析：句意：长途旅游后，他们三个回到了家，又饿又累。本题考查形容词做状语，表示伴随或结果。　　易 错 点 拨 自我完善·误区备考　　1.constant/continual/continuous　　(1)constant adj.不断的，经常的，强调始终如一地经常出现。　　(2)continual adj.连续不断的;频繁的，表示时断时续的发生。　　(3)continuous adj.不停的，连续不断的，强调中间不停顿。　　[应用1]　(1)the _________ wash of the tides潮水不停的拍击　　(2)They have had a 3 days ____________ flight.他们已经有了一个连续三天的飞行。　　(3)Air is in _____________ motion.空气在不停地运动。　　continual　　continuous　　constant　　2. 形容词做状语　　[应用2]　(1)______ at her success, her parents took her to an expensive restaurant to celebrate.　　A.To delight B.To be delighted　　C.Delighted D.Delighting　　答案：C　　(2)He lay in bed all night, ______.　　A.wake B.awake　　C.waken D.woke　　答案：B　　(3)After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, ______.　　A.exhausting B.exhausted　　C.being exhausted D.having exhausted　　答案：B　　解析：形容词exhausted意为“(感到)精疲力竭的”，在此处做状语，说明主语的特征;exhausting意为“令人精疲力竭的”，常指事物;being exhausted仅能做状语，表示原因，此处与语境不符。　　(4)-Why did John ask me about the problem?　　-______， he tried to find a better way to settle it.　　A.Not to be satisfied B.Not satisfied　　C.Not being satisfied D.Don’t satisfy　　答案：B　　解析：过去分词做原因状语，not satisfied相当于because he was not satisfied。A项，表目的;C项，强调动作，此处表状态;D项，不符合句子结构。　　高 效 作 业 自我测评·技能备考　　Ⅰ.单词拼写　　1.Are you o_____________ or pessimistic if you are facing the life of future?　　2.I am unable to attend because of a p____________　　engagement.　　3.Put the waste paper in the d_____________.　　4.I had to p_______ myself against the wall to let them pass.　　5.I don’t like this radio play-Let’s s_______ to another programme.　　optimistic　　previous　　dustbin　　press　　switch　　6.She could not help being impressed by the luxurious ____________________ (环境).　　7.They have bought a ________________(打字机).　　8.What I said made no practical ____________ (印象) on him.　　9.The __________ (胶囊) is filled with small soluble cases.　　10.A driver is not supposed to ______(使闪光) his lights at the coming vehicles.　　surroundings　　typewriter　　impression　　capsule　　flash　　Ⅱ .单项选择　　1.The girl, almost ______ to death at the sight of the snake, shut her eyes and dared not have a second look at it.　　A.Frightening B.was frightened　　C.frightened D.having frightened　　答案：C　　解析：frightened to death at the sight of the snake在句中做状语。　　2.The corridor(走廊) was so narrow that I had to ______ myself against the wall to let them pass.　　A.pull B.press　　C.defend D.prevent　　答案：B　　解析：press...against把……贴在……;defend...against保卫……免受伤害;prevent...from doing阻止……做……。　　3.We could hardly believe what she says because she is ______ changing her mind.　　A.regularly B.steadily　　C.suddenly D.constantly　　答案：D　　解析：句意：我们几乎不能相信她说的话，因为她总是不断地改变主意。A.定期地;B.稳定地;C.突然;D.不断地。　　4.The Internet is widely used, which ______ the develop ment of English.　　A.speeds up B.takes over　　C.gets across D.turns to　　答案：A　　解析：A项，“加速”;B项，“接管”;C项“理解”;D项“转向，求助于”。由句意：因特网得到了广泛应用，这加速了英语的发展。　　5.Much to my surprise, she ______ tears ______ she read the letter.　　A. instant B. the instant　　C. instantly D. instant　　答案：B　　解析：burst into tears=burst out crying突然大哭起来;the instant=instantly引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。　　6.(2010·郑州重点中学联考)-James didn‘t turn up last night, did he?　　-No. He ______. We had changed our plan.　　A.shouldn’t have come　　B.needn‘t have come　　C.didn’t need to come　　D.needn‘t come　　答案：C　　解析：考查情态动词。他没有来是因为我们的计划改变了，所以他实际上也不必来。用C项描述过去的实际情况，符合语意。A项表示“本不该做而做了”。B项表示“本来没必要做而做了”，D项表示现在的实际情况，三项均不符合语意。　　7.Hearing footsteps outside the door, she ______ her talk to another topic.　　A.switched B.exchanged　　C.asked D.stopped　　答案：A　　解析：switch...to... “把……转换成……”。exchange “交换”，不合题意。　　8.He gives people the impression ______ all his life abroad.　　A.of having spent B.to have spent　　C.of being spent D.to spend　　答案：A　　解析：考查 give sb. the impression of “给某人以……的印象”。　　9.When I arrived home and found the window broken, a frightened feeling ______ across my mind.　　A.hit B.occurred　　C.struck D.flashed　　答案：D　　解析：flash across one‘s mind “(想法)在大脑中一闪”。hit和 strike 是及物动词，occur 后接 to，都有同样的意思。　　10.To keep healthy, Professor Smith ______ cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired.　　A.took up B.caught up　　C.carried out D.made up　　答案：A　　解析：考查动词短语。take up 有“开始从事/学习”的意思。B.赶上;C.执行;D.组成，打扮。　　11.Though ______ money, his parents managed to send him to university.　　A.lacked B.lacking of　　C.lacking D.lacked in　　答案：C　　解析：lack of 短语中的 lack 为名词，所以排除B项;主从句中主语一致，且从句谓语含有 be动词时，让步状语从句才能采用这样的省略句，若将从句补充完整，其结构为 though the lack 没有被动语态，故A与D不对。　　12.Experts have been warning ______ of the health risks caused by passive smoking.　　A.at a time B.at one time　　C.for some time D.for the time　　答案：C　　解析：本题考查与 time相关的介词短语。at a time “一次”;at one time “曾经”;for some time “一段时间”;由现在完成进行时构成 have been warning 可知用 “for+时间段”。warn sb. of 为固定搭配。　　13.E-shopping, when properly ______， can save us a lot of time and energy.　　A.done B.is done　　C.having done D.doing　　答案：A　　解析：考查过去分词做状语，相当于 when it is done。　　14.Between 1405 and 1433, the Chinese treasure fleet set sail across the Indian Ocean several times. Zheng He‘s first stop was in ______ is today a part of Vietnam.　　A.what B.which　　C.that D.where　　答案：A　　解析：考查 what引导宾语从句，且在从句中做主语，表地点。　　15.(2010·长春调研)It is required that the students ______ mobile phones in their school, so seldom ______ them using one.　　A. you will see　　B. will you see　　C.mustn' will you see　　D. you will see　　答案：B　　解析：考查虚拟语气和倒装语序。英语中表示命令、建议或要求的动词或名词后面的从句中通常使用should do形式的虚拟语气，should可以省略。seldom是否定副词，位于句首时，句子要采用部分倒装语序。　　Ⅲ .完形填空　　A 25-year-old student from Hubei was admitted into Tsinghua，China's most famous university, after an eight?year __1__ .Li Jun comes from a poor family in a small village of Hubei Province.He first __2__ going to college in the year 2000__3__ he was admitted by a local school after __4__ from a secondary technical school at age 17.　　A __5__ art student，he passed the exam again next year but __6__ school due to economic pressures in September 2002.Life seemed __7__ but Li didn't give in.He earned a __8__ by working part time in Wuhan's art rooms and tutoring students.But he never lost sight of his lifelong dream of __9__ the Academy of Arts&Design of Tsinghua University.Li__10__ the college entrance examination for five continuous years starting from 2003. __11__ ，he missed making the cut one mark last year.　　In 2008，his fifth try，Li's efforts __12__ .He finished the qualifying exam in his province and was finally admitted as a sculpture major into Tsinghua University.Every year, Li took art __13__ in Beijing and took exams from December to March.He then took cultural courses in his school till June.The rest of the year he spent on __14__ work.Li said he hadn't __15__ any money from his family since he graduated from the technical secondary school.Li said the reason he maintained for eight years was that he wanted to change his __16__ through knowledge.　　__17__ by his contribution，Li Jun's university__18__ him 9 000 yuan out of his tuition fees of 11 450 yuan.An eight?year struggle may have come to an end for Li Jun，but a new __19__ has now begun.Li said he would not worry about repaying loans at present.He wants to study well and __20__ more scholarships.　　1.A.research B.struggle　　C.service D.expectation　　2.A.talked of B.told of　　C.dreamt of D.knew of　　3.A.where B.when　　C.that D.since　　4.A.learning B.seperating　　C.dating D.graduating　　5.A.gifted B.surprised　　C.interested D.easy going　　6.A.went on with B.watched out for　　C.dropped out of D.looked forward to　　7.A.unfair B.hard　　C.practical D.busy　　8.A.value B.respect　　C.freedom D.living　　9.A.entering B.visiting　　C.supporting D.pursing　　10.A.turned to B.applied for　　C.called for D.adapted to　　11.A.Instead B.At times　　C.However D.Besides　　12.A.took off B.paid off　　C.gave off D.sent off　　13.A.ways B.programmes　　C.success D.courses　　14.A.full?time B.part?time　　C.out?of?door D.all　　15.A.asked for B.looked for　　C.prayed for D.waited for　　16.A.plan B.ideal　　C.fate D.opinion　　17.A.Encouraged B.Influenced　　C.Accused D.Impressed　　18.A.funded B.gave　　C.paid D.cost　　19.A.challenge B.life　　C.case D.relationship　　20.A.spend B.win　　C.care D.Use　　答案及解析：　　1.B。经过八年的努力，来自湖北的一名学生进入清华大学。struggle相当于effort，由下文可知。　　2.C。他在2000年就梦想着上大学。　　3.B。when为关系副词，在从句中做状语。　　4.D。graduate from...，毕业于……　　5.A。他是一名有天赋才能的艺术学生，第二年，又通过了考试。gifted adj.，有天赋才能的。　　6.C。他由于经济的压力，于2002年9月份退学了。drop out of退出……　　7.A。生活似乎不公平，但他没有放弃。　　8.D。他通过在武汉的艺术室做兼职及做家教来谋生。earn a living=make a living谋生。　　9.A。但是他从来没有失去进入清华大学的梦想。　　10.B。他从2003年开始，连续5年申请大学的入学考试。　　11.C。然而，他在去年只差了一分又失去了这个机会。　　12.B。在2008年，也是第五次的尝试，李的努力成功了。pay off成功。　　13.D。他被录取到雕刻艺术专业，每年他都上艺术课，从11月到3月参加考试。　　14.B。他把其余的时间用在兼职工作上。part-time兼职的。　　15.A。自从毕业以来，从来没有向家里要过钱。　　16.C。李说，他坚持8年的原因是，想通过知识来改变命运。　　17.D。他的贡献给了他的大学极好的印象，他的大学给予他贷款。　　18.A。fund vt.，贷款。　　19.A。八年的努力奋斗结束了，但新挑战已经开始。　　20.B。他想努力地学好，赢得更多的奖学金。　　Ⅳ.短文改错　　March 22nd , Tuesday , Cloudy　　I watch TV until nearly 12 o'clock, so I could not　　1.______　　go over my lessons. This morning I got up very late　　2.______　　that I had to hurry school without breakfast yet I　　3.______　　watch→watched　　very→so　　hurry后加to　　was late of the first class. When I entered the　　4.______　　classroom, the maths teacher had to stop explaining 5.______　　an important problem, and all the eyes fixed upon　　6.______　　me. My face turned to red. Something even worse　　7.______　　happened to me in the English class. The teacher asked　　me to recite the text, but I could speak nothing but　　8.______　　of→for　　√　　eyes后加were　　to 去掉　　speak→say　　sorry, as I did not spend any time preparing my lessons 9.______　　The teacher looked at me with his coldly eyes, I stood　　10.______　　at my bench without daring to raise my head. What　　a terrible day I had! I will never do anything like this.　　as→for　　coldly→cold
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