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A boyfriend is a male
or , often specifying a regular male companion with whom one is ,
or . This is normally a short-term committed relationship, where other titles (e.g. husband, partner) are more commonly used for long-term committed relationships. A boyfriend can also be called an admirer, beau, suitor and sweetheart.
A woman with her boyfriend at
in March 1975.
A man with his boyfriend.
Partners in committed non-marital relationships are also sometimes described as a
or partner,
especially if the individuals are cohabiting.
Boyfriend and partner mean different things the distinctions between the terms are subjective. How the term is used will ultimately be determined by personal preference.
A 2005 study of 115 people ages 21 to 35 who were either living with or had lived with a romantic partner notes that the lack of proper terms often leads to awkward situations, such as someone upset over not being introduced in social situations to avoid the question.
There is a significant difference between
and boyfriend, and girl friend and boy friend. In a strictly grammatical sense, a girlfriend or boyfriend is an 'individual of significance' with whom one shares a relationship.
The word dating entered the American language during the . Prior to that, courtship was a matter of family and community interest. Starting around the time of the , courtship became a private matter for couples. In the early to mid 20th century in the US, women were often visited by "gentleman callers", single men who would arrive at the home of a young woman with the hopes of beginning a . The era of the gentleman caller ended in the early 20th century and the modern idea of dating developed.
In literature, the term is discussed in July 1988 in 's, Who Was That Man? A Present for Mr Oscar Wilde. On pages 108-110, Bartlett quotes from an issue of , which refers to
as "a boyfriend of ".
An older man may be referred to as a sugar daddy, a well-to-do man who financially supports or lavishly spends on a mistress, girlfriend, or boyfriend.
In popular culture, slang, internet chat, and cellphone texting, the truncated
bf is also used.
Leman, an archaic word for "sweetheart, paramour," from Medieval British leofman (c.1205), from Old English leof (cognate of Dutch lief, German lieb) "dear" + man "human being, person" was originally applied to either gender, but usually means mistress.
The term young man was at some periods used with a similar connotation. For example, in the 1945 film "" the female protagonist, seeking a secretarial job, is asked if she has "a young man" - where in later films a similar question would have referred to "a boyfriend".
Compact Oxford English Dictionary of Current English , published 23 June 2005, University of Oxford,   edition
Thesaurus.com.
Thesaurus.com.
Goldstein, Meredith (15 June 2009). . The Boston Globe 2012.
Jayson, Sharon (23 June 2008). . USA Today 2012.
Hirsch, Elaine.
Hunt, Lana J. . Archived from
on 28 July .
Merriam-Webster.
The Free Dictionary By Farlex.
Aliperti, Cliff.
in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
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Tetris& is one of the most popular electronic games of all time. In Tetris Arena, you can play against and chat with up to five other players in real&time. The goal is to compete for the top spot in a winner&takes&all format. Clear multiple lines and perform big moves and combos to force your opponents to the brink. When you take on tough opponents in Tetris Arena, you better have an understanding of all of your weapons: T&Spins, Tetrises, and Combos are all valuable tools. Tetris Arena is FREE to play, but does require registration for full access. No special downloads are required to install or enjoy this Tetris game mode.From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Girlfriend"
Dr. Luke Remix
"Girlfriend" is a song by Canadian singer-songwriter . The song was written by Lavigne and producer
for Lavigne's third studio album, , published in 2007. "Girlfriend" was released as the
from The Best Damn Thing on 27 February 2007 by
and . Lyrically, the song revolves around its protagonist having a crush on someone who is in a relationship, proclaiming she should be his girlfriend. The song has been noted to have similarities to 's 1982 single "", and ' 1979 single "I Wanna Be Your Boyfriend". The songwriters of "I Wanna Be Your Boyfriend" sued Lavigne and Dr. Luke for co the suit was later settled.
"Girlfriend" received generally positive reviews from music critics, who complimented its . The song was a worldwide success, peaking at the top spot of the charts in eight countries, including Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. It additionally charted in the top ten of most other countries. The song's accompanying music video, directed by , sees Lavigne portraying three alter-egos, with all of them fighting over the same guy. In June 2007, the song's official remix, featuring American rapper , was released. Lavigne performed the song a number of times, including at the 2007 , the 2007 , and the 2008 .
The song's success made it a mainstay of pop music in the late 2000s. "Girlfriend" was certified multi-platinum in Australia and the United States. It was among the top-selling songs of 2007, with over 7.3 million worldwide sales. In 2008, the song became the most viewed video on YouTube, and was the first video on the site to reach 100 million views.
ranked the song number thirty-five on their list of "Top 100 Songs of 2007" list. Several versions of the song were released with the chorus sung in multiple languages. In 2010, the song was named the ninety-fourth most successful song on the Hot 100 in the 2000s decade.
highlighted the song as one of the most significant
songs of all time.
A 21-second sample of the song.
Problems playing this file? See .
"Girlfriend" was written by Lavigne and , who also produced the song. "Girlfriend" is a moderately fast , and
song at 152 beats per minute, performed in the key of . Lavigne's vocal range spans from A3 to D5.
The song's chorus was recorded in seven different languages other than English – Japanese, French, Spanish, Mandarin, Italian, German and Portuguese.
"Girlfriend" received generally positive reviews from contemporary music critics. The song was No. 35 on 's list of the 100 Best Songs of 2007. This song was also No. 77 on 's list of Top 100 Hits of 2007. Also was listed as the number 1 hit of 2007 according to MTV Latin America. "Girlfriend" also won the Best Song of the Year at the . It beat "", "", and "". Billboard ranked "Girlfriend" the twelfth best song of 2007.
Reviewers have noted similarities between Girlfriend and other songs. One similarity is to ' 1979 single "I Wanna Be Your Boyfriend", in which they sing "Hey hey, you you, I wanna be your boyfriend" similar to "Hey hey, you you, I could be your girlfriend" in "Girlfriend". Similarities have also been noted to 's "".
Stephen Thomas Erlewine of
highlighted the song as a 'track pick' in a review of the album, The Best Damn Thing. He complimented the album for opening with Girlfriend, describing the song as a "bright bubblegum blast". Focusing on Girlfriend in a review for The Best Damn Thing, Chris Willman of
said "If the girls of
tribute band, it would sound exactly like this". Alex Macpherson of
newspaper labelled Girlfriend as "brilliantly addictive". Jon Pareles of
called Girlfriend the best song off the album and stated it used "cleverly manipulated echoes and attacks to sound as if Ms. Lavigne were charging in from all directions". Sal Cinquemani of
was more negative on the song and states that Lavigne can't "pull off the pink pumps or punky pout with any kind of believability".
praised the success of the song because of the mix of various genres "she can succeed in punk, rock and pop with her bubblegum anthem Girlfriend".
Because of
sales in excess of 122,000, the song debuted at number five on the US
chart, the highest debut of her career. Afterwards it became Lavigne's first song to reach number one on the Hot 100, in the issue dated 5 May 2007; her previous highest peak on the chart was with 2002's "", which reached number two. It remained in the top ten for eighteen weeks. It became the last number one hit on that chart by a Canadian female artist until 2012's "" by . In Canada, the song debuted at number 1. As of September 2015, "Girlfriend" has sold 3.8 million copies in the United States.
In Japan, the song has been certified Million for more than 1,000,000 sales through ringtones and 3x Platinum for 750,000 sales. Thus, the song has sold more than 2,000,000 copies there making it the best-selling single by a Western Female Artist of All Time.
"Girlfriend" debuted on the Australian
at number three. The following week it reached number-one, and it remained at the top for six non-consecutive weeks, equalling Lavigne's previous number-one single on the ARIA Charts, "Complicated". After three weeks on the charts, it was certified gold by , then platinum after seven weeks for sales in excess of 70,000 copies. It was then certified double platinum, with sales in excess of 140,000. In 2008, it was certified quadruple platinum for sales of 280,000.
On the , "Girlfriend" peaked at number two, surpassing "Complicated" as Lavigne's highest peaking single on the chart. The song ended 2007 as the years 20th biggest-selling single in the UK and spent 28 weeks inside the chart and is Lavigne's biggest hit in the UK to date. It became the best selling song of 2007 worldwide with around 5 million copies outside the US.To date, "Girlfriend" has sold over 10 million copies worldwide.
It won the Award for "Canción del A?o" (Song of the Year) in "" (The Latin American MTV Awards) and was nominated for "Monster Single" in the MTV Video Music Awards 2007. It won Most Addictive Track (Single of the Year) at the .
On 25 May 2007 Lavigne, Gottwald, RCA Records, and
were sued by James Gangwer and Tommy Dunbar (songwriters for The Rubinoos) over claims that "Girlfriend" infringed their copyright on their 1979 song "I Wanna Be Your Boyfriend".
Lavigne's manager, Terry McBride, denied that "Girlfriend" was copied from "I Wanna Be Your Boyfriend", and pointed out that "Boyfriend" itself is similar to ' song "". In addition, Avril Lavigne herself posted on MySpace that the Rubinoos' song had a similar title and vocal hook to ' "I Wanna Be Your Boyfriend", released in 1976.
McBride said he hired a musicologist to compare the songs. According to McBride, the musicologist reported that the songs were totally dissimilar, even a different . In July 2007, McBride said that Lavigne had no plans to settle the case, but would consider the costs of defending the case against those of settling. In January 2008, the lawsuit was settled, and Gangwer and Dunbar released a statement saying that the similarities between the songs were based on "certain common and widely used lyrics" and that they "completely exonerate Lavigne and Gottwald from any wrongdoing of any kind in connection with the claims made by us in our lawsuit."
An undisclosed settlement was reached between Lavigne and the Rubinoos in January 2008.
Lavigne as three of her alter-egos in the video for "Girlfriend".
The music video was directed by
and filmed at
in . They praised the video for "sounding different than most female artist at the time and for its very - feel, something she does better than anybody."
It features two girls: one with glasses and red hair (Lavigne), and one with a rebellious persona and black hair (also Lavigne). The video begins inside a family fun entertainment center where the red-haired girl and her boyfriend are walking together. The black-haired girl sees her and shows her an intimidating disposition, to which the former ignores. As the couple walk away, the black-haired Lavigne begins to sing the song and tries her luck on the red-haired girl's boyfriend. Featured in the video are scenes of black-haired Lavigne fighting over the man with the red-haired Lavigne and trying to outdo her repeatedly. Between the scenes we see Lavigne, now with pink-streaked blonde hair, singing with her band accompanying her at the back. The video also featured this Lavigne and her friends dancing in a restroom.
After the starting scene, the video shows them at Li'l Indy, where they ride go-carts. Here, black-haired Lavigne is seen viciously bumping the car of the red-haired Lavigne, causing her to spin around and lose control. Next, the red-haired Lavigne and her boyfriend get inside a photo booth where black-haired Lavigne slips in and grabs the red-haired girl away before they take pictures. Black-haired Lavigne's friends then block the red-haired girl's way (by positioning themselves at the booth entrance) to give her more time.
The couple are now seen eating together, where black-haired Lavigne sees them yet again, throws the food away and kisses the red-haired girl's boyfriend, much to the latter's surprise and anger. It is nighttime when the couple decide to head over to a
course to while away some time playing, where the red-haired girl cheerfully wins.
Unfortunately for her, black-haired Lavigne and her friends happen to be present at the venue as well. As soon as she and her friends see them, black-haired Lavigne hits her in the head with a golf ball, resulting in the red-haired girl splashing down into the water. Her boyfriend tries to grab her hand but misses, to black-haired Lavigne's amusement. Finally, the man, who eventually develops feelings for black-haired Lavigne, is seen waiting for her. As she comes toward him, they soon hold hands together, but red-haired girl sees this and attempts to seize black-haired Lavigne. But black-haired Lavigne and the man manage to dodge her, and in her attempt to win back her boyfriend, she tumbles all the way down and lands in a
ahead, where she gives a look of desperation towards the camera, showing she has failed to do so, and signalling that black-haired Lavigne has finally won the man's affections. Blonde Lavigne then takes her new boyfriend into a bathroom stall and slightly opens the door after a moment and pumps her arm in victory.
Lavigne's boyfriend in the video is played by American model Bryan McMullin and dresses similarly to the "rocker" Lavigne in the video. The video features Lavigne's previous guitarist , and Lavigne's brother Matt on bass.
On 18 July 2008, "Girlfriend" became the most viewed video at that time on
and in August of that year, surpassed 100 million views, becoming the only YouTube video available at that time to reach that milestone (although 's "" had reached that milestone a couple months before, it has been removed from the website under accusations that the views had been fraudulent). The YouTube video of the song was accused of having an exaggerated number of views due to the use of a web link posted by AvrilBandAids, a
devoted to Lavigne. Clicking on the link would automatically reload the YouTube video of Girlfriend every fifteen seconds. Fans of Lavigne were encouraged to: "Keep this page open while you browse the internet, study for exams, or even sleep. For extra viewing power, open up two or more browser windows at this page!" However, the fansite later revealed that no "cheating" had taken place, and that the link had merely been a ruse to draw more attention to the video, thereby attracting additional views. It is expected that Lavigne's YouTube video views have earned in excess of US$2,000,000[]. In November 2009,
removed the video of the song from YouTube, by which time it had received around 130 million views. The video is now officially hosted on
and Lavigne's Vevo channel on YouTube, with over 420 million views as of January 2018.
The song is featured on the soundtrack to the video game
in four different languages which includes Japanese, Spanish, Mandarin and English. The song is also featured in
which only includes the English Version.
The BBC Chart Show reported a sharp divide in reaction to the video. A criticism of the video was that it was damaging to Lavinge's claims to integrity by imitating younger girls' fashions and encouraging poaching of boyfriends from other girls.
and Lavigne shot a video for the remix of "Girlfriend", which was directed by .
Lavigne performed the song on
on 15 June 2007. She also performed on Saturday Night Live.
"Girlfriend"
Japan CD single
"Girlfriend" (Radio edit) – 3:38
"Girlfriend" (Instrumental) – 3:36
Junkie XL remix digital download
"Girlfriend" [Junkie XL Mix] - 3:41
"Girlfriend" [Junkie XL Extended Mix] - 5:44
Dr. Luke remix edition [iTunes only]
"Girlfriend" ( remix, featuring ) - 3:25
"Girlfriend" (album version) - 3:36
"Girlfriend" (original music video) - 3:48
"Girlfriend" (Dr. Luke remix, featuring Lil Mama) [music video] - 3:25
"Girlfriend" (Dr. Luke remix, featuring Lil Mama)
"Girlfriend" (Japanese version) [clean edit]
1 A code was included on the CD to download the ringtone online.
"The Juggernauts"
"Girlfriend"
Music video
In September 2009, American punk rock band
released "Girlfriend" as the first single off their album , which was released on 4 November 2009 in Japan and 8 December in the rest of the world. It peaked in the
in the first week in the No. 84 position.
The music video of the song was released in 2009 and is a
of the original "Girlfriend" video, with band members
playing the "Bad Avril" and
playing the good one.
Chart (2009)
– songwriting, production, drums, guitars, ,
Serban Ghenea –
John Hanes –
Tim Roberts –
Matt Beckley – additional production
– additional production, ,
Credits adapted from
liner notes.
Chart (2007)
Australia ()
Austria ()
Belgium ( Flanders)
Belgium ( Wallonia)
Czech Republic ()
Denmark ()
Finland Download ()
Germany ()
Hungary ()
Hungary ()
Ireland ()
Netherlands (Dutch )
Netherlands ()
New Zealand ()
Romania ()
(Official Charts Company)
Slovakia ()
Switzerland ()
(Official Charts Company)
Ukraine (FDR Charts)
Venezuela Pop Rock ()
Chart (2007)
Australia ()
Austria ()
Belgium ( Flanders)
Germany ()
Ireland ()
Lebanon (The Official Lebanese Top 20)
New Zealand ()
Philippines (Myx Year-end Chart)
Switzerland ()
UK Singles ()
US Digital Songs
US Radio Songs
Venezuela Pop Rock ()
Awards ceremony
International Video of the Year by a Canadian
People's Choice: Favourite Canadian Artist
Monster Single of the Year
Song of the Year
Most Addictive Track
Oye awards
Best International Song
Pop/Hip Hop Song of the Year
Choice Music Single
Best Video: International
Virgin Media Music Awards
Best Track
's 13th Annual Year-End Readers' Poll
Best Video
Mastertone of the Year
Single Track of the Year (mobile)
Single of the Year
Best Hook Up
Best Pop Video
Best Karaoke Song
MuchMusic.com Most Watched Video
Imperio Music Awards
Song of the Year
Best Pop Video
Favorite International Music Video
Favorite Song
Socan Awards
Best Pop Song
Best Number One
Capricho Awards
Best Video at YouTube
. Archived from
on 25 February 2013.
(Compact Disc). Avril Lavigne. RCA Records.
. starpulse.com. 30 January . ....up-tempo pop-punk anthems like "I Can Do Better", "The Best Damn Thing", and "Girlfriend"....
. ....she's returned to music with an utterly infectious pop-punk single. 'Girlfriend' sounds like....
. Rebild.tv. Archived from
on 23 April . ....and features the typical 80' pop-punk influence and power pop of her earlier songs....
. Musicnotes.com 2011.
Vineyard, Jennifer (4 December 2007). . MTV.
No byline (11 December 2007).
Rolling Stone. Retrieved .
22 December 2007 at the .. Retrieved .
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26 June 2007 at the .
Sterdan, Darryl (14 April 2007).
O'Neil, Tim (31 May 2007).
Willman, Chris (13 April 2007).
Macpherson, Alex (20 April 2007). . London 2010.
Cinquemani, Sal (15 April 2007).
Watch Avril Lavigne's 5 Best Music Videos
Jonathan Cohen, , Billboard, 8 March 2007.
Jonathan Cohen, , Billboard, 26 April 2007.
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5 March 2007 at the .
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on 27 September 2008.
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7 September 2007 at the .
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Making the Video: Girlfriend (see reference at min 4:45)
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(). . . 2011.
". . Retrieved 7 July 2011.
" (in German). . Retrieved 7 July 2011.
" (in Dutch). . Retrieved 7 July 2011.
" (in French). . Retrieved 7 July 2011.
(PDF). ABPD. October 6, .
. . Retrieved 7 July 2011.
" (in Czech). Hitparáda – Radio Top 100 Oficiální. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: insert 200721 into search. Retrieved 29 January 2011.
". . Retrieved 24 November 2012.
for Avril Lavigne. Retrieved 7 July 2011.
" (in Finnish). . Retrieved November 15, 2014.
" (in French). . Retrieved 7 July 2011.
". . Retrieved 7 July 2011.
" (in Hungarian). . Magyar Hanglemezkiadók Sz?vetsége.
" (in Hungarian). . Magyar Hanglemezkiadók Sz?vetsége.
". . Retrieved 7 July 2011.
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on 4 May 2007.
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on 20 May 2011.
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on 26 September 2012.
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on 5 December 2014.
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(PDF). Australian Recording Industry Association. 2010. p. 2 2013.
(in German).
Austria. Enter Avril Lavigne in the field Interpret. Enter Girlfriend in the field Titel. Select single in the field Format. Click Suchen
. . Hung Medien.
(in Portuguese). .
有料音楽配信認定　一般社団法人 日本レコード協会
(in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan 2016. Note: To retrieve all single certifications, 1) type in アヴリル?ラヴィーン in the box "アーティスト", 2) click 検索
. . Select singles in the Format field. Select Gold in the Certification field. Enter Girlfriend in the search field and then press Enter.
. . Archived from
on 28 July .
(PDF). International Federation of the Phonographic Industry. p. 6 2010.
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