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| 版权所有关于六级阅读中的选词填空题
在沪江关注考试英语的沪友loreage遇到了一个关于英语六级的疑惑，并悬赏10沪元，已有3人提出了自己的看法。
知识点疑惑描述：
请老师讲解一下注意的方面和答题技巧。
最佳知识点讲解
知识点相关讲解
据我调查很少有时间充裕的慢慢斟酌选词填空题的
我问的同学基本都是直接往答题卡上划答案的--！
帮不上你^_^，希望可以给你提供点信息
—— qiankitty
新四级阅读理解中的Section A 是选词填空 (banked cloze)，要求从15个选项中选出10个，填入一篇短文。除了部分借鉴了雅思阅读中的摘要填空summary之外，这种题主要是脱胎于传统的完型填空(multiple-choice cloze)。
与传统完型填空的比较：
字数：完型填空不低于250个字（尽管样题是210个字），选词填空却不会超过220个字。
题材：相当。无非社会、科普之类。
难度：二者都比另外两篇仔细阅读简单得多，也都是考察考生总体把握全文和根据上下文猜词的能力。但是完型给出的四个选项词性相同，词义接近，考生不必思考词性的问题，只需分辨词义即可，相对简单一些。
而选词填空的15个待选词不仅难于完型的四个选项，而且分成名词、动词、形容词、副词四大类。考生必须先确定词性，再结合短文的逻辑做出选择。这种完型填空的测试学术语称作“集库型完型填空”（banked cloze）, 即一篇留出空白的短文，后面给出一堆提示词和干扰词 (gapped text with a box containing prompts and distractors)。在我们的四级考试中，提示词 prompts就是那10个正确选项，干扰词distractors就是那另外5个错误选项。
对于这种新题型，我们怎么应对呢？下面是解题步骤。
你手上的时间：7分钟 = 25 – 18 （18 分钟留给Section B的两篇常规阅读，一篇9分钟。也可一篇10分钟。但选词填空题还是要给出7分钟，时间不够去挤底下的综合题）
第一步：通读全文read through
注意这里我没有用略读skim 这个词。通读全文是用较快速度，一行一行地读，目的是把握至少90% 的文章内容。而略读是只挑首尾句和连接词，跳着读，只了解10%的内容。
和完型不同，选词填空后面的选项词义互不关联，词性也不同，而且还有5个干扰项，切不可先看选项，乱了脑子，自食先入为主的恶果。一定要先了解文章大意，带着文章脉络去找选项。所以，务必先沉着地把文章读一遍，尤其注意gap 前后的位置，为寻找正确选项打下铺垫。
提醒：就算是通读，也别拿来就把头埋进去傻读。先居高临下，花5秒钟把短文各个自然段的段首扫一遍。比如样题的各段是这样开头的：
When Roberto Feliz came to the USA…
Then Mrs. Malave, a bilingual educator, began to work with him…
Today, he is a ________ doctor, run his own clinic…
Roberto’s story is just one of ________ success stories.
一眼就能看出短文的主要内容：Roberto 这大哥开始不行，随着时间的推移（When – Then – Today ）后来在别人帮助下成功 (success stories)了。心里有了底，再读文章就轻松多了。
提醒：Banked cloze 的短文（text）第一句是不允许出题的，它对全文起概括、提示的作用。所以，一定要认真看懂第一句。
第二步：整理选项classify the options (1分钟)
这一步，公认的做法是先标出15个选项的词性 (parts of speech)，名词前写n, 动词前写v等等。目前四级考试只考实词（notional words）中的四种：名词n做主语和宾语, 动词v做谓语，形容词adj做定语，副词adv做状语。不考代词pron和数词num；也不考虚词form words（冠词art, 介词prep, 连词conj, 感叹词interj）
四种实词中，考的最少的是副词adv, 不超过两个空。剩下的三种平均每次有三道题。研究样题和真题，我们发现，动词一直是考三个。另外三种词性，有两个的，也有四个的。
标词性时的切入点是后缀suffix，也就是词尾。大家应该知道，以ion, age, ness, ty, ship, ace, ance, ancy, ence, ency, dom, itude, um, mony 结尾的大都是名词；以ize, ise, fy结尾的大都是动词；以ive, ent, ant, ful, ous, able, ary, ic, cal, less结尾的是大都是形容词；以ly, s, ways, wise 结尾的大都是副词。
这里有两个问题：一，有的词，做名词和做动词都很常见，没有上下文不好判断，比如 display, concern, challenge. 这时两个都要标出来，先标你脑子里第一个出现的词性。
二，以ing, ed 结尾的词既可能是动词，也可能是分词转变而来的形容词，如holding做动词：She’s holding her mother’s hand. 做形容词：holding company (控股公司)；再如样题中的acquired做动词：academic skills he acquired. 做形容词：a newly acquired jacket (新买的夹克)。
这时怎么办？很简单，新四级考试中的banked cloze 还没有到考到分词作形容词的难度，所以，碰到这种情况，一律看成是动词，包括非谓语动词（2006年6月真题：The rainfall is increased across South America bringing floods to Peru.）
提醒：词性要标在选项的前面，也就是A, B, C…的前面，齐刷刷的好看。也可标在两组选项的中间空白处，方便对照。
如果你手快且不嫌难看，可以在标完词性之后，把同一词性的词用线连起来，这样答题的时候会找得快一点。
第三步：选词填空 fill in the gaps (4分钟)
调动语法知识，先确定单词的词性，再去后面的list 中找同一词类的选项，挑出正确答案。
动词的确定：动词最容易确定，因为一个句子没有动词就等于没有谓语，是很明显的缺陷。而且动词的关联性、可比性最差，选这个和选那个有天壤之别。
名词的确定：
1．冠词a, an, the 的后面。样题：a nightmare.
2．介词in, on, from…的后面。真题：As the trade winds lessen in strength…
3． 形容词 (包括指示形容词demonstrative adjectives或称限定词determiners，如this, that, these, those )的后面。真题：This strange phenomenon happens…
形容词的确定：
1．名词的前面。真题：… women are potential customers.
2．副词的后面。真题：… El Nino brought the most destructive weather in modern history.
副词的确定：
动词的附近（指前面或后面）。
样题：…students consistently outperform their peers …
真题：…jobs that used to be done primarily by women…
形容词的前面。真题：…but they are still not completely sure what leads to it…
句子的前面。如：Not surprisingly, the jury found them both guilty.
上面谈的是根据语法确定词性，现在谈谈根据上下文确定词义。默念这句话：“答案就在周围。”如果你留心的话，空白附近的暗示无处不在。
样题举例：
1．When Roberto … he knew only a few words…soon became a _______ … came home in tears….都让他流泪了，肯定是个贬义词（nightmare）。
2．Roberto’s story is just one of _______ success stories. 反向对比：one 对countless，一对多。
3．…now has dropout rates that are less than half the state average and college ______ rates of more than 90%. 反向对比：dropout 对 acceptance，休学率对入学率。
真题举例：
1． the income …gives them new independence and buying power. For example, women now _____ about half of all cars. 正向并列：buying 同义词暗示 purchase. （2006年12月）
2． The hot, humid air over the ocean causes sever _____ thunderstorms. 正向并列：hot, humid 同义词暗示tropical.（2006年6月）
3．…other parts face drought, poor crops and _______. 正向并列：poor crops 同义词暗示 starvation；欠收自然导致饥荒。（2006年6月）
结论：眼尖一点，脑子勤一点。
第四步：回顾检查 review （1分钟）
速度要快，只看有题的句子即可。
—— vincent985
个人经验，先把框框里的词汇都看一遍，大致明确意思再开始看文章，结合词性，上下文做适当的分析
—— quicklearner
相关其他知识点
CopyRight & 沪江网 2015&中考英语短文填空专题[原创]
短文填空（五）短文填空题的命题特点　　短文填空是陕西省、重庆市、武汉市、黄冈市、福州市等省、市近两年才创设的一种新题型。这种题型通常有四种形式：　　1、给出一篇难易适中的短文，中间去掉几个单词，让考生根据上下文填上所缺的单词。　　2、给出一篇难易适中的短文，中间去掉几个单词，但给出这些单词的第一个字母，让考生根据短文的上下文的意思和所给的提示字母，天上所缺的单词。　　3、给出一篇难易适中的短文，中间去掉几个单词，同时在一个方框内给出一些单词，让考生根据短文的内容，把这些单词填入空白处，使文章正确、通顺。　　4、给出一篇难易适中的短文，中间去掉几个单词或短语，同时给出这些单词或短语的汉语意思，让考生根据短文的上下文和所给汉语的提示，填上适当地单词或短语。陕西省的短文填空题采用的基本上是第四种形式。　　这种题型考查的是考生的整体阅读能力、基础语法的运用能力和书面表述能力，特别是单词和短语的拼写能力。它是介于阅读理解和书面表达之间的一种题型。　　陕西省中考英语题中的短文填空题又有什麽具体特点呢？　　1、从文体上看，议论文和叙事文为主。　　2002年陕西省的短文填空题所给的短文是一篇论说文，论说的主题是：只有母亲的爱是真正的爱。2003年的中考说明样题所给的短文是一篇叙事文。讲述的是圣诞节的情况。2003年的中考题中的短文填空题也是一篇叙事文。讲述的是主题是因特网的历史。　　2、从填空的内容上看，以词组和短语为主。　　2002年短文填空题共有10个空，其中6个空填的是词组和短语。2003年中考说明中短文填空题共有10个空，其中7个空填的是词组和短语。2003年中考题中的短文填空题共有10个空，其中5个空填的是词组和短语。也就是说短文填空题要填的词组和短语总体上保持在5-7个。　　3、从考查的范围上看，以英语的一些特殊用法为主。　　2002年的短文填空题考到了enough作副词，放在被修饰词之后的用法，考到了"with+名词"构成的介词短语的用法。2003年终考说明中的短文填空题又一次出现了"with+名词"构成的介词短语用法。2003年中考题的短文填空题考查了something wrong这样的形容词后置的特殊用法。　　4、从所留的空白上看，以给出汉语提示为主。　　2003年中考说明的短文填空题共留出10个空白，其中8处给出了汉语提示，2处没有任何提示。2003年中考的短文填空题同样是10个空白，全部给出了汉语提示。二、短文填空题的解题技巧做好短文填空题要求考生具备坚实的语法基础，理解文章大意和主旨的能力，牢固掌握英语的习惯用法和固定搭配，熟记英语单词的拼写。做短文填空可以从以下几个方面着手：1、从语法方面考虑短文填空题所涉及的语法内容通常包括：名词的单复数、形容词和副词的比较等级、主谓一致、动词的时态和语态、介词和连词的选用等。例如2003年中考的短文填空题的第一个空："Most of us
1 (忙于)talking about and using the Internet every day...." 在这里，用英语表示"忙于"不仅要用busy, busy之前还要加be, 而be还要和主语most of us保持一致，变成are。2、从习惯用法和固定搭配方面考虑如上所说，陕西省的短文填空以词组和短语为主，而词组和短语必然会涉及到很多习惯用法和固定搭配。例如2003年中考说明短文填空的第8个空：" 8
（在圣诞夜）children are very happy." 用英语表示"在圣诞夜"必须用On Christmas Eve。因为在"某一天的晚上"习惯上用介词on。3、从上下文的结构方面考虑有的空白必须根据上下文的结构才能判断应该填什麽样的单词或短语。例如2003年考试说明短文填空的第9个空：They put their stocking at the end of their beds
their parents can put presents in them.从上下文文我们可以看出，他们把他们的长筒袜放在床头上是为了让他们的父母亲能够把礼物放在里面。以此判断，后面的句子应是一个目的状语从句。因此，应填so that。三、短文填空题的实例分析（2003，陕西省）V. 短文填空：（共10空，计10分。单词拼写错误不给分，短语中单词大小写、拼写错误扣0.5分）　　根据上下文和括号里的汉语提示，在下面短文的空白处写出正确的单词或词组。使短文意思完整，语句连贯。Most of us 1 (忙于)talking about and using the Internet every day, but how many of us know the 2 （历史）of the Internet? Many people are 3 (惊讶)when they find that the Internet was set up in the 1960s. 4 (那时)，computers were large and 5 (贵的). Computer networks didn't work 6 (好). If there was 7 (出故障)with one computer in the network, the whole network stopped, so a network system had to be set up. It should be good enough to be used by many 8 (不同的)kinds of computers. If 9 (任何部分)of the network was not working, information could be sent through another part. 10 (用这种方法), computer network system would keep on working all the time....1. are busy。汉语提示应填"忙于"，根据句子结构判断，所填的词或短语在句中作谓语，英语应为be busy。句子的主语是most of us, 谓语应用复数形式。Be busy应变为are busy。2. history。汉语提示为"历史"，在定冠词之后应为名词。3. surprised。汉语提示为"惊讶"，在句中作表语，句子的主语是人，人感到惊讶，应用过去分词surprised。4. At that time。汉语提示为"那时"，其真正意思是"在那个时候"，又因为这个短语在句首，第一个字母应大写，相应的英语短语应是At that time。5. expensive/dear。汉语提示为"贵的"。因为在句中作表语，应用形容词expensive/dear。6. well。汉语提示为"好"，在句中作状语，因此用well表示。7. something wrong。汉语提示为"出故障"，英语表示"某个东西出了故障"常常用There was something wrong with sth.这个句型。8. different。汉语提示为"不同的"，其形容词形式是different。9. any part。汉语提示为"任何部分"，相应的英语表达应是any part。10. In this way。汉语提示为"用这种方法"，又因为这个短语在句首，第一个字母大写。所以其英语表达应是In this way。能级演练1　　Most of American businesses are open five days a week. American school children attend school five days a week as well.American families usually have a
1 （两天）weekend. The weekend is Saturday and Sunday. Over the weekend people spend their time
2 (以许多不同的方式) . Many families enjoy weekends
3 (一起) . They may go shopping, go for a drive or visit friends. They may also invite friends over and
4 (聚会) at home. Many American families participate（参加）in sports during the weekend.
5 (跑步), biking, playing volleyball and swimming
6 (流行)in summer. Skiing and skating are the
7 (最喜爱的) winter sports.Weekends are also a time for American families to work on something in their yards or in
8 (他们的) houses. Many families plant flowers and have vegetable gardens. Some families use the weekends
9 （粉刷）or repair their houses.
10 (对大部分美国人来说), weekends are very busy.1. two-day 2. in many different ways 3. together 4. have a party 5. Running 6. are popular 7. favourite
8. their 9. to paint 10. For most Americans2Perhaps more than any other people, Americans have come to depend on their cars. The family car
1 (一直是) a common thing
2 (从......以来) the early twentieth century, and it has changed American life. Many people have moved
3 (外面) of the large cities to the suburbs. Some Americans spend
4 (每天两小时) or more in their cars
5 (去上班) and home again. Cars have become the
6 (工具) of transportation for most Americans going shopping, and even going on vacations.Americans
7 (过去常常) like big cars, and gasoline used to be very inexpensive. Recently,
8 （然而）, the cost of gasoline has increased, smaller cars have become
9 （更常见）. Also foreign cars have become very common. Americans have bought
10 （大量的）Japanese and German cars. They have bought cars from several other countries as well.1. has been
3. outside 4. two hours a day 5. going to work 6. means 7. used to 8. however
9. more common 10. large numbers of3In American high school
1 (大多数) students take English, science, math and history.2 (在英语课堂上) , the students study grammar and read famous literature. In science class, they study biology, chemistry or physics. History is
3 (更有趣) to some students because they learn about important events and places
4 (在美国) . Students take
5 （其它） courses, too. These are electives. Some study
6 （音乐）because they feel it is more enjoyable. Some study
7 （计算机科学）because they
8 (认为)it is more practical.9 （在各自课堂上） , teachers give students exams. Some exams are more difficult than others, but a good student can always do
10 （好）.1. most 2. In English class 3. more interesting 4. in the United States 5.other 6. music 7. computer science 8. think 9. In each class 10. well4One kind of vacation that many Americans enjoy is camping. Each summer
1 (数百万的) Americans drive to the countryside where they find places
2 （野营）. The national parks, many of which are
3 (在山里) , are favourite camping places. Campers enjoy the
4 （新鲜空气）, the lakes and the forests which they find in these parks. Campers hike, swim and fish. They can also find
5 （许多种）animals and plants in the parks. Mostly campers have trailers which they drive or pull behind their cars to their campsites. Trailers are like houses
6 （在轮子上）. They have many conveniences which people have in their homes,
electricity and hot water. But
8 （大多数） campers don't have trailers. They camp in tents which they
9 （搭起）in their campsites. Campers in tents don't have the conveniences that campers in trailers have. Tent campers enjoy
10 (一种简单的生活)
.1. millions of 2. to camp 3. in the mountains 4. fresh air 5. many kinds of6. on wheels 7. such as 8. most 9. set up 10. a very simple life5Farm Life in the United StatesAll big cities are quite similar. Living in a modern Asian city is not very
1 （不同於）living in an American city. The same cannot be said about living
2 （在农场上）, however.In many parts of the world, farmers and their families live
3 (在村庄和城镇里). In the United States, however, each farm family lives on its own fields, often beyond the sight of any neighbors.
4 （不用） traveling from a village to the fields every morning, American farmers stay
5 （在他们的土地上）throughout the week. They travel to the nearest town
6 （在星期六）for shopping or on Sundays for church. The children ride on buses to large schools which serve
7 (所有的农场家庭) living in the area. In some areas, there are small schools serving a few farm families, and the children walk to school.8 （当然）life keeps changing for everyone, including farmers. Today there are cars, good roads, radios, and television sets. And of course there are modern machines for farming. All of these have changed farm life.For many years, however, farming in America was often a lonely way of living. Farmers
9 （不得不）deal with their own problems, instead of getting help from others. They
10 （学会）to try new methods, and to trust their own ideas instead of following older ways.1. different from 2. on farms 3. in villages or towns 4. Instead of 5. on their land 6. on Saturdays 7. all of the farm families 8. Of course 9. had to10. learned6　　He was born in Atlanta, Georgia, on January 15,1929. He was black. He lived
1 （仅仅）thirty-nine years, but he became world-famous in that short time. He
2 (长大) in the southeastern part of the United States. He studied at Morehouse College where he met many outstanding men whose ideas he found important and exciting. There he read the writings of Thoreau, which gave him many ideas
3 (关于自由) .After he graduated from Morehouse, he
4 (接着) to study at the University of Pennsylvania, Harvard University, and Boston University. At Boston University, he met his wife, Coretta.
5 （1954）, after he got his Ph.D.degree, he became the minister of a small church
6 （南方的） . There he became the leader of the black people, who were poor and without power. He gave speeches and led marches. For his ideas and actions, he went to jail
7 （一段时间）.8 (许多年以后), in Washington, D.C., he spoke to a crowd of 250,000 people. He told them, "I have a dream." That speech is still
9 (著名). In 1964 he won the Nobel Peace Prize. His work was not
10(结束) when he died on April 4, 1968. Who was he? He was Martin Luther King.1. only 2. grew up 3. about freedom 4. went on 5. In 1954 6. in the south 7. for a short time 8. Many years later 9. famous 10. finished7Dear Mr. Costa,I'm sorry it has taken me so long to write. I've been very busy with work and school, but I've
1 （想起）you often.How've you been lately? Did you have a good Christmas and New Year's? Mac says you've been working hard at the restaurant and that business is very good. What
2 (别的) have you been doing?I had a short but good vacation. Mac and I went to Chicago for
3 (几天)before Christmas, but I
4 (不得不) come back and work between Christmas and New Year's (including Christmas Day and New Year's Eve)!
5 （每次）something like that
6 （发生）I wonder if I really want to work in the hotel business.The other day I was thinking about the fun we used to have
7 (在我们英语课堂上). I haven't seen many of our classmates since the course was over.
8 （事实上）, the only one I see very often is Tomiko. I'd really like to get in touch with Franco. Does he
9 (曾经) write to you? If so, could you please send me his address?Well, Mac and I are going skating and he
10 （在等我）, so I guess I'd better say goodbye now. Write as soon as you can.Love,Maria1. thought about 2. else 3. a few days 4. had to 5. Every time 6. happens7. in our English class 8. In fact 9. ever 10. is waiting for me8The weather in Britain changes very quickly. One day may be fine and
1 (第二天)may be wet. The morning may be warm and the evening may be cool. You may
2 （上床睡觉）with the stars shinning brightly, and
3 （醒来）with rain falling heavily. This is what we mean when we say that the weather is very "changeable".In some parts of the world you can be quite
4 （确信）what the weather is going to be like. You can make your plans for the next day or even for the next week, knowing exactly what sort of weather to expect. It is
5 （困难得多）to do this in Britain. It may be fine today and you may arrange(安排)to go to the countryside tomorrow. But when tomorrow
6 (到来) you may find that you have to give it up because it is too wet. Making plans for activities(活动)out of doors in Britain is therefore rather difficult.People
7 (谈论) the weather more in Britain than in most parts of the world. When two Englishmen are introduced to
8 （互相）, if they can't think anything else to talk about, they talk about weather. The weather is considered a safe topic of conversation(谈话). If you do not know each other
9 (足够好) to talk about personal matters, you can at least sound friendly by talking about the weather. When people meet in the street and they have
10 （没有时间）to stop and talk, they will often say something about the weather as they pass, just to show their friendliness.1. the next day 2. go to bed 3. wake up 4. sure 5. much more difficult 6. comes 7. talk about 8. each other 9. well enough 10. no time9Some people say they have an answer to the problems of car crowding and pollution(污染). In many cities,
1 （数百人）people ride bikes to work
2 (每天). In New York City, some bike riders have even founded a group(团体): Bike for a Better City. They say if more people rode bikes to work, there would be fewer cars and
3 (较少的) dirty air.　　4 （许多年来）this group has tried to get help for bike riders. They want to have special(专用的)roads for bikes only, because when bike riders
5 (必须) use the same roads beside cars, there may be accidents. Bike for a Better City feels if there were bike roads, more people would use bikes.But no bike roads have been ready yet. Not
6 （每个人）thinks it is 7 （好主意）. Drivers don't like it, and some shop owners(店主)don't, 8 (也). And most people live too far from the city to travel by bike. Still, something has been done about it. On Saturdays and Sundays, the largest open park in New York is
9 （关闭）to cars, and the roads may be used by bikes only, but the group
10 （仍然）says this is not enough and goes on fighting to get bike roads.1. hundreds of 2. every day 3. less 4. For several years 5. must 6.everyone 7. a good idea 8. either 9. closed 10. still10Try This Experiment Yourself　　It seems to be strange that there is a blind spot in the eye. Here is an 1 （有趣的）experiment that can make something disappear（消失）when one eye is
2 （挣开）.　　Make a card about the size of a postcard and write two English
3 (字母)"L" and "R" on it. "L" is
4 （在左边）and "R" on the right.
5 （首先）, hold the card about 80 cm away and you can see
6 （两者） the letters. Then close your right eye and
7 （看）the letter "R" only with your left eye. And now, as you move the card slowly towards you, you'll find the letter "L" disappearing. But if you move the card
8 （近一些）to your face, the letter will be seen again. Now do the same experiment with your left eye closed, you'll find the letter "R" disappearing.Why do the letters disappear? It is because there is a blind spot
9 (在眼里). When the image(影像)of the letter
10 （落）on the blind spot, it won't be seen. That's why one of the letters disappears.1. interesting 2. open 3. letters 4.on the left 5. First 6. both 7. look at 8. nearer 9. in the eye 10. falls11It is summer vacation and schools are closed. During the summer some children stay
1 （在家）, watch TV, and play with friends. Some take part in a sports program, and some go to a camp.A camp is a summer vacation place for children. Campers take part in sports activities like swimming and
2 （划船）. They also take part in other activities like playing games and painting pictures.
3 （在晚上） they sit around a campfire, cook hot dogs, sing songs or tell stories. Some camps combine special programs with the usual camp activities. There are camps to teach tennis, football, or other sports. There are also camps to teach science or music.Now there are
4 (甚至) computer camps. At a computer camp children learn how to use computers. Computers are very important today, so children must learn
5 （怎样使用他们）. Many schools have computers for the pupils to use, but
6 （并非所有的学生）know how to use them. Some schools do not have a program to teach the pupils how to use computers.
7 (因此), computer camps combine computer learning with summer fun. Computer camps usually have three computer classes a day. After a few days of classes, each camper designs a computer program.
8 (有些)campers design programs to help parents at home. Others design programs for pupils
9 (学校的). Some campers design computer games. The campers must also choose two camp activities a day. They can choose an activity like swimming, boating or painting.
10 （在他们空闲时间里）, the campers can choose any activity. They usually play games on the computers.1. at home 2. boating 3. In the evening 4. even 5. how to use them 6. not all pupils 7. So 8. Some 9. at school 10. In their spare time12Families are becoming smaller.
1 (五十年前), a family of five or six members was common. In 1970, the size of the average family in the United States was 3.1 persons, and now the average family size is about 2.8 persons. At the same time, people are now living longer.
2 (例如) , in the last ten years, the number of people over 65 years of age has increased 28 per cent. The average age of people in the United States is now
3 (三十多).As a result of smaller families and more old people, life will change in many ways. If we have fewer children, we will need fewer schools. We will also need fewer teachers. But many older people will
4 (对......感兴趣)education, so schools and colleges will offer courses for these people. Because many of the older people work, these courses will be given in the evenings and
5 (在周末) .The needs for housing will
6 (不同). It is common now for many people to live in houses that have five or six rooms.
7 （这种）house is good for families with three or four children. But if the population gets older and if families have only one child, large homes will not be necessary. Those people who need only three or four for their homes will live in small apartments. They won't have to
8 （照看）a large house.The change
9 （在人口方面）will also affect work. If there are fewer and fewer young people and more and more old people, there won't be a big need for cars or for schools. There will be a greater need for buses and hospitals,
10 (然而).1. Fifty years ago 2. For example 3. over 30 4. be interested in 5. on weekends 6. be different 7. This kind of 8. take care of 9. in population 10. however