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英语四级考试技巧,例文,经典句型
四级考试作文锦囊 28 篇1. Direction: Asking for Leave of Absence.To: Ms.Riddle , my dear Oral English teacher From: Sam , a respectful sophomore student of yours in Oral English Class Two Date :
January 8,2005 Subject: Asking for Leave of AbsenceDear Ms.Riddle, I would like to know if I could ask for a casual leave of absence from your Oral English class this Wednesday morning. Yesterday evening I got a phone call from my cousin, who is now running a small firm in suburbs of this city. He needs an interpreter for two days but cannot find the most reliable person, so he wants me to have a try. Personally, I regard this as a golden opportunity to put what I have learned in your class into practice, but I need your permission of absence. If you think I may go and help him get over the difficulty, I am confident that I’ll do a good job and both of us will grateful. Earnestly yours, Sam2. 假期即将到来， (付萍)打算做一次为期三周的旅行， 假期即将到来， 你 打算做一次为期三周的旅行， 希望找个外国朋友作 拟一个寻游伴的启示， 交代清楚日程安排、 费用分担情况、 为游伴(Travel-mate)。拟一个寻游伴的启示，交代清楚日程安排、费用分担情况、对对方的要求，说明对方和你一起出游的好处。 对对方的要求，说明对方和你一起出游的好处。Travel-mate Wanted I’m a 19-year-old female sophomore named Fu Ping. I hereby earnestly invite a foreign young lady―college student preferred―to make a three C week touring trip with me. My plan is to set off next weekend, when the summer vacation officially begins. The first stop is Kunming, the world-renowned city for its beauty and mild temperature. We’ll get there by train and stay there for 2 days, and then we’ll head for Jinggangshan, a former revolutionary base as well as a natural beauty spot. After a 3-day visit there, we will take a long-distance coach to a nearby port city by the Changjiang River and board a downstream ship to Shanghai, so that we can enjoy the great scenery alongside the third longest river in the world. As everybody knows, Shanghai is the busiest and fastest developing city in China. I’d like to have a look at its prosperity, so the stay there will be about half a week. And a famous Chinese saying goes, ”Just as there is Paradise in heaven, there are Suzhou and Hangzhou on Earth ”, so a 4-day visit to these two cities near Shanghai is must. All together, our trip will last about three weeks. I only expect that my travel-mate could split the expenses with me and talk with me in beautiful English, and I would be an excellent guide for her since I major in tourist guiding. Those interested please contact me either through email () or phone call () .3. Online Education1.目前网络教育形成热潮 2.我认为这股热潮的的原因是…… 3.我对网络教育的评价 Being online is no longer something strange in our life. To some degree, it has become part ofour daily life. We can do a lot of things online, such as searching for information and communicating with friends far and near. But recently another helpful online activity has become very “in”. That is online education. Why could online education be so popular within such a short period of time? Among other reasons, the quick development of the internet should be an essential one, which makes all our dreams of attending class in the distance possible. Another underlying reason is the quick development of both society and technology. Today, modern science and technology is developing with lightening speed. To catch up with this development we all feel an urgent and strong desire to study. However, due to the great pace of modern society, many people are too busy to study full time at school. Online education just comes to their aid. Personally, I appreciate this new form of education. It’s indeed a helpful complement to the traditional educational means. It can provide different learners with more flexible and versatile ways of learning. Most of all, with online education, we can sick to our jobs and at the same time study and absorb the latest knowledge. 4. Direction: Read the following ad carefully, and you, by name of Wang Peng, are then asked to write a reply to apply for the job. Remember to send your letter to the company as given in the ad. You should write about 120 words.中国四达国际经济技术合作公司(CSCIETC)诚聘文秘一员，要求如下： 年龄 20―30 岁，大专以上学历 流利的英语听说读写能力 熟练的计算机操作能力 良好的沟通和协调能力 有外企工作经验者优先 应聘者请将简历、联系方式以及待遇要求寄至：上海市淮海中路 8560 号揽盛大厦人力资源部收。邮编 200033 Department of Human Resources Lansheng Building No. 8560 , Huaihai Zhong Road Shanghai , 200033 Wang Peng No.31020, Zhongshan Road Xu Hui District Shanghai , 200076 January 8th, 2005Dear Sir or Madam, I learned from Beijing Youth Daily Jan.2 that your company is offering a position for a secretary, and it’s a great pleasure for me to write to explore the possibility of seeking the job. I graduated two years form ** University, and obtained a bachelor’s degree in the field of business management. During my stay in the university my major courses included macro-economics, business communication skills marketing and computer applications. I was especially fond of the communication skills which enabled me to deal with people and thing around well. Upon graduation I engaged with HP China Branch as an assistant to the head of Marketing Department. My responsibilities consisted of carrying out market surveys, writing reports and organizing meetings within the department. This is two-year experience has helped me a lot inmany ways. In particular, I become increasingly aware of the importance of co-ordination and co-operation among co-workers. I also believe the experience will qualify me for the current vacancy in your company. I passed CET-6 with high marks. My spoken English is also fluent enough to organize meetings in English, which was actually my routine work in HP. Most of my market reports were presented in English , as my former boss is a native English speaker. I enclose herein my resume and some relevant documents as required. And if you need any further information on me, I also refer you to Mr. Johnson, my ex-colleague, who is available at 021-. I appreciate your sincere consideration of me, and am looking forward to an early interview with you. Sincerely yours, Wang Peng5. To Be a small Fish in a Big Pond or a Big Fish in a Small Pond?1.在大企业工作的特点 2.在小企业工作的特点 3.我的选择Just as there are distinct differences between being a small fish is a big pond and a big fish in a small pond, so it is with working as a subordinate in a large enterprise and presiding in a small firm. With the former, you can derive a deep sense of satisfaction from being a member of a well-known organization such as General Motors, or the Bell Telephone System. You have the opportunities of learning from experienced executives and knowing about the standard working process. With the latter, you have greater responsibilities and your decision may bring immediate effect. Normally you are expose to various experiences and expected to do a great many thing without much help or guidance. Personally I prefer to work in a small enterprise, where my prospect of promotion is good as long as I work hard. To tell the truth , I’d rather become a well-known and important figure within my own small pond. 6. Styles of Living 1.有些人愿意和父母居住在一起 2.有些人想自己独立居住 3.我的看法 Some people enjoy living together with their parents after they have grown up. They hold the opinion because, living with parents, they can take better care of their parents and vice versa. Meanwhile, they can turn to their parents for help if they get into trouble or have some difficulties. To them, life in a big family seems to be more enjoyable than that in a small family. Others, however, prefer to live separately. They cherish the idea to be independent of their parents, seek more freedom and wish to have a place of their own, in which they can do what they like. Bedsides , they don’t want to be overprotected by their parents but long for chance to face the society by themselves. As to me, I like an independent life style in spite of the fact I love my parents. Different generations have different life styles and values. What one generation likes may not be another generation’s fondness. Living separately, each generation can enjoy different value. In addition, by leading an independent life, I can train my character and develop my own ability to deal with things encountered in my life. 7. The Teacher-Student Relationship 1.好的师生关系有益于学生的发展2.不良的师生关系有害于学生的发展 3.我认为…… A good teacher-student relationship is ab1e to effective1y further the student to a higher level in study. The teacher with patience and understanding encourages the student instead of pushing or forcing him. The relationship of this sort makes learning so enjoyable and funny that the student would work hard willingly. However, a bad relationship seriously weakens the achievement of teaching. It discourages the student from 1earning, leaving him with a wrong and negative attitude towards studying. Thus, teaching also becomes an unpleasant task, which forms a vicious cycle. As I see it, the relationship between a teacher and a student should be attached much importance to. A good relationship makes the teacher’s job worthwhile while a bad one ill-affects the student’s development, even to the rest of his life. 8. Turn off Your Mobile Phone 1.移动电话给我们的生活带来了便利 2.移动电话有时也会影响别人 3.在某些场合请关掉你的手机 With the development of information techno1ogy and reduced price of communication products, the mobi1e phone has become a necessity for most people. Obviously, it shortens the distance between people and makes our life more convenient. Thanks to it, it’s easy for us to contact or be contacted by others anytime and anywhere. We will never miss any important meetings，great deals or admirable opportunities. But，have you noticed sometimes the mobile phone also brings embarrassment to us? It’s not rare to see someone pressing the mobile phone to his ear and shouting 1oud1y in public as if there were no one else present. And I’m sure each one has had such an experience that the mobi1e phone ring continuous1y on a formal occasion. Perhaps these People have many 1ife-and-death reasons to keep the phone working at all times, but it interrupts people around them who have to hear what they don’t care when they want to concentrate on what they’re doing. So if you are one of them, please shut off your cell phone in public, especially on a quiet and serious occasion. It’s a respect for both others and yourself. 9. Directions: Suppose you are Jill. Write a letter to your friend Li Fang. You should write at least 120 words according to the situation given below in Chinese:假设你的好朋友李芳是大学四年级学生， 假设你的好朋友李芳是大学四年级学生，正在考虑是考研究生继续深造还是大学毕业 后就踏上工作岗位。请给她写封信表明你的态度。 后就踏上工作岗位。请给她写封信表明你的态度。Dear Fang, I understand that you are in a dilemma. Although so many graduates are eager to set feet on their work-life road, there are still some who prefer to start their new life after gaining another degree to make better preparation for entering society. In my opinion, the latter are more admirable. You are good at all your courses these years, so if you do like to spend another two or three years on campus, you should stick to it. In today's society, the achievement and status you can get and the devotion you can make are no doubt in proportion to your educational background and degrees, coupled with the efforts you put in them. If you want to stride to your destinations more smoothly and easily, why not head for the further study courageously? Whichever you choose, I firmly believe your industry will ensure your success. After all, it is you who have the finally say on the final choice.Best wishes, Yours sincerely Jill 10. My View on the post-graduate Craze. You should write at least 120 words and base yourcomposition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 1 目前考研究生形成热潮 2 我认为这股热潮的原因是...... My View on the Post-graduate Craze Every year, million of college students will sit in for the post-graduate entrance examination. More and more students have regarded the pursuing of a master degree as an indispensable part of their education. What is to account for their enthusiasm for a post-graduate diploma? First, it is the demand of the time. In an age of knowledge updating and information explosion, what you have learned in college can hardly meet the demand of society. Talents of high quality who are equipped with the latest knowledge and skill will be needed more than ever. That is why many students will further their studies. Second, we all recognize that the more education you have, the more likely you are to succeed. Compared with those without a master degree, masters will enjoy more preferential treatment, for example, better salaries, more opportunities for promotion and training. A post-graduate degree can guarantee a more promising career. Last but not least, with the graduation of a large number of college students, competition for jobs becomes more and more fierce. One way to gain some advantage over others is to have a higher degree. No wonder millions of students will consider pursuing a post-graduate degree. 11. On Overseas Study 1.有人认为出国留学是个人发展的最佳选择 2.也有人坚持在国内也能实现自己的理想 3.我的看法 With the deepening of reform and opening―up of our country, many people dream of going abroad for further study. They insist that the modern research facilities, world famous professors and excellent environment in those foreign co11eges and universities can help lay a perfect foundation for their future development. However, there are still many people who favor studying at home. They argue that studying abroad is too expensive and therefore doesn’t pay, They also Point out that there are no language and cu1tural barriers if they study in our country， Just as the old saying goes, ”Every advantage has its disadvantage.” Both opinions are acceptable in some sense. If students have the chance and financial resources, they should seize the opportunity to go abroad and broaden their eyes. On the other hand, if conditions don’t permit, they can pursue their studies in top universities at home. What counts is not the place where they study, but what they can learn. 12. Private Tutoring 1.为孩子聘请家教目前非常普遍 2.家教的利与弊 3.我的看法 Private tutoring is “in”. A recent investigation shows that about 80 percent of pupils have private tutors， Such a popular practice indicates that people are attaching greater importance to education. Many parents, for various reasons，missed the chance of obtaining a good education. when theirchildren meet with difficulties in study, they arc helpless, Private tutoring is the only solution. As private tutoring is usually one-to-one, the teacher knows the strong points as we11 as the weak points of the pupil, clearly. However, private tutoring has its own disadvantages. For one thing, it takes up so much of the pupils’ time that they can hardly find enough time for rest and entertainment, which are essential for their physical and mental health. For another, some teachers, busy “shuttling” from one family to another, tend to neglect their regular teaching duties. What’s more， some teachers are eager to help pupils do well in the test, offering the so-ca11ed tips for test-taking Father than help them acquire what is more meaningful. Generally speaking, its disadvantages outweigh its advantages. Greater emphasis should be laid on classroom teaching and practice, on the improvement of teaching quality and on the tapping of the pupils’ potentials. Only in this way can we generation be healthily brought up. 13. Direction: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Cars and Air Pollution. You should write no less than 120 words and base your composition on the outline below: 1.私家轿车越来越多，有些问题随之产生 私家轿车越来越多， 2.比较明显的大问题有...... 3.我对这种现象的看法 Car and Air Pollution Too many cars have created a lot of serious problems in our world. Besides congestion, accidents and fast fuel consumption, cars are responsible for a good part of air pollution in big cities. All the time, they are pumping huge amounts of waste gases into the atmosphere. These gases are very harmful, causing disease and even death. One possible solution is to design and develop clean cars and clean fuels. In Shanghai, some of the public buses begin to run on natural gas, which does not give off as much carbon dioxide as the petrol. But it may take decades for the new models of clean cars completely replace the traditional ones. Another solution is to develop modern public transportation systems and restrict the use of private cars. If the price of petrol rises constantly and the public vehicles are efficient and convenient enough, most people will not buy private cars. And the total number of cars in big cities will reduce greatly. On the whole, the elimination of air pollution needs the collective efforts from the government, the public and the environmentalists. 14. Overseas Study at an Early Age 1.目前很多父母在孩子高中毕业前就总他们出国学习 2.导致这种趋势的原因是什么 3.我对此的看法 Nowadays more and more parents are eager to send their children to study abroad before they finish high school by whatever means and at whatever cost. It is quite understandable for parents to send their children to study overseas because they place high expectations on their children. They are encouraged by the success stories of those who have completed their overseas study. With the development of economy, companies and institutions at home are giving more and more emphasis on overseas experiences, too. Consequently, pursuing overseas study became a kind of short cut in gaining a better future.Moreover, there is still one underlying reason for this rush-economic reason. The rapid economic progress in the past few years in China has enabled more and more parents to afford the huge cost for their children’s overseas study. As for me, overseas study is surely a helpful way to get both advanced knowledge and necessary experiences, but overseas study at an early age is neither necessary nor benef1cial. The students may be too young to either tend for themselves or think for themselves. I do think that overseas study can contribute to one’s self-improvement, but it’s better to be pursued after one has finished his college study at home, when he is more capable of learning and living on his own. 15. Statistics of Family Expenses in Shanghai00 Food & Clothing 68% 45% 20% Recreation 3% 5% 8% Education 6% 16% 22% Health Care 6% 10% 16% Others 17% 24% 35% 1.根据上图描述该城市家庭支出的变化 2.分析产生这些变化的原因 3.说明这些变化对个人和社会产生的影响As is shown in the table above, dramatic changes have taken place in family expenses in the City of Shanghai within two decades (from 1980 to 2000). The most obvious change is in expense on food and clothing, which has dropped by 48%, while those on recreation, education and health care have increased respectively by 5%, l6% and l0%. Expenses on other things keep rising from 17% to 35%. The statistics of rise and fall seem to exist in isolation but are in fact closely related to one another. The most likely factors accounting for these changes are as follows: Development in economy is the fundamental one. The increased income results in the lowering percentage of food and clothing. That is to say, a small percentage of the total income is enou5h to cover food and clothing expenses. Another factor lies in the development of people’s concept. When people are well fed and well dressed, they begin to interest themselves in recreation and education. These changes should also be attributed to social reforms. In the 1990’s, college education was not totally free as it was before, which also accounts for the rising expenses on education. Soon after, the government gradually stopped offering houses to its citizens without charges. People had to save a large proportion of their money for housing. That's partly why the expenses for ''others'' doubled. As for the more expenses on health care, I figure there are two main reasons: the cancellation of free medical care and people’s awareness of the importance of health. The changes reflect the development of the city and indicate that people are enjoying more. 16. Craze for Civil Service Examinations 1. 现在有越来越多的大学毕业生报考公务员 2. 引起此现象的原因 3. 你的看法 Every year hundreds of thousands of people in China take civil service exams conducted atvarious levels in the hope of becoming government employees. Among them, college graduates are a fast-growing force that can’t be ignored. The craze for being a civil servant is not limited to liberal arts majors, as it’s also gaining popularity among science and engineering students. In the final analysis, this growing trend among the youngsters is mainly attributable to two factors C ambitions and comforts. On one hand, many ambitious college graduates view these exams as a springboard to a higher social status, greater power and prestige, on which many of their other wishes rest. On the other, as being a civil servant generally means a as well stable income, enviable healthcare and pension programs, as other comforts of life, it’s quite an appealing career option to many people, especially in this age of sluggish 萧条的 world economy. Personally, the desire to be a government official is beyond reproach(无可厚非), as the nation and the people do need an injection of new blood into the civil service sectors. The fresh-faced college graduates, armed with lofty 崇高的 ideals, new vision, and strong drive, are undoubtedly among the best candidates. 17. 求职信 Directions: The summer vacation is drawing near. You, Li Ming by name, want to find a part-time job. Dear Sirs, I'm Li Ming, a sophomore majoring in English at XX University. I read in yesterday's newspaper that you are looking for a part-time secretary and I think I'll prove to be a real find for you. During the past two years at university, I’ve taken over 18 compulsory and optional course, and have according improved my ability of English listening, speaking, reading, writing and translation considerably. Besides, I have learned a lot about foreign relations and trade. At leisure, I always try to grasp every precious opportunity to practice English with native speakers. As a matter of fact, I've already tried some translation and interpretation jobs. I once worked as a temporary interpreter at the East China Export Commodities Fair. In addition, during the past two years, I have been working as a part-time tour guide. My jobs offered me good opportunities to improve my English and work competence and I enjoy them very much. Two weeks from now, I will be on holiday again. If you can grant me the honor to work for your company as a secretary for two months, I'd feel obliged. Thank you for reading my application letter. I'm looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely Li Ming 18. Volunteer teaching in the west 1. 每年，高校许多大学生受到鼓舞去贫困地区支教。 每年，高校许多大学生受到鼓舞去贫困地区支教。 2. 支教活动的意义。 支教活动的意义。 3. 我的看法。 我的看法。 Every year, college students are inspired to help students with their study in underdeveloped areas in china. They have been trying their best to impart knowledge and offering help to those students who are so eager to learn. This volunteer practice has been beneficial in two aspects. On one hand, college volunteers are really devoted to the cause. They have opened the eyes of students in underdeveloped regions to the outside world by bringing them new knowledge and thoughts. As a result, they areextremely welcome and respected by the children there. On the other hand, college students have received a rigorous training by adapting to the harsh living conditions. They are learning how to deal with difficulties and face challenges as well. What’s more, by any means, this volunteer experience will be always a valuable asset in his or her life. In my opinion, every Chinese citizen is responsible for the development of education in china. And we college students should take the lead in response to the appeal for offering aid to children in poor areas. 19. College Graduates Work as Village Officials. 1.现在许多大学毕业生愿意到农村当村官。 现在许多大学毕业生愿意到农村当村官。 2.分析形成这种现象的原因。 分析形成这种现象的原因。 3.你的看法。 你的看法。 In recent years being a village official has become the first choice of many college students when they graduate and are trying to find a job. According to a report carried by The Chinese Education Daily the number of students who apply for the post increases at the annual rate of 20 percent in recent five years, which well justifies the popularity of becoming a village official among college students. Several factors may account for this popularity. First, it is the fierce competition of job market that forces the college graduates to consider other alternatives other than staying in the big cities as they used to. Secondly, to encourage well-educated young talents to work in the rural areas, the government authorities have made some policies offering major incentives to college graduates who are willing to work for rural governments at grassroots level, especially for village committees. For example, those who work for a rural committee for at least three years after graduation can get a 10-point credit in their exams to enter graduate schools. The preferential treatment is appealing to many students. Last but not least, many students consider working as a village official is a rewarding opportunity. It will acquaint themselves with the very society of our country as well as improve their adaptability to different circumstances, both of which are believed to be beneficial to their future career. In my opinion, college students working as a village official is worth promoting. It is possible that some graduates may use the job as “spring boards”: only applying for it in order to receive the favorable treatment, but the majority of them genuinely hope to serve the rural areas and better the life of the villagers. With the participation of so many college graduates, we have reasons to believe that it will not take too long to realize the blueprint of Constructing New Village. 20. Choosing a Career 1. 择业是每个青年人都要面临的问题。2. 择业的标准是什么。3. 我们应持的态度。 择业是每个青年人都要面临的问题 青年人都要面临的问题。 择业的标准是什么。 我们应持的态度。 Choosing career is a problem that every youth must be faced. First of all, when a person has grown up, he has to decide which field he will go into so that he can earn enough money and support himself. Besides, with so many people rushing into the city from the country, there are fewer and fewer job opportunities available and it is becoming increasingly difficult for one to find a suitable job. There are many factors to be considered when one is choosing a career. One factor is that a young man has to find a job that will bring him a good income for a comfortable life. Interest is another factor. The job should be interesting and motivating. Finally, one should find a job that suits his talent, so that he can make full use of his potential. But what preparations should a young man make in order to choose a good job? One mustfirst of all be serious about this matter because it will have an influence on his whole life. Then, to meet the requirements of demanding jobs, one needs to have certain qualifications. It is therefore essential for him to acquire basic knowledge and skills. 21. Jobs for Graduates 1)大学生难找工作 2)原因很多 3)解决的办法 It’s very hard for college graduates to find a job, of course harder to get an ideal job. In fact, many factors contribute to the unfavorable situation. First, more and more students can go to college because of the being fast improved high education of China. As a result, there are more graduates every year. However, job vacancies don’t increase that fast. More people, less food, which is the exact description of the hard condition. Second, more and more people go on to pursue their mast more and more Chinese oversea students come back to China to hunt better working chances. It is sure that the competition is more and more fierce. Third, because of the fast development of science, technology, economy, society and the interchange of different nations, all units have higher requirement of their employees, for example, stronger ability and higher degree. In addition to the factors above, there are still more which bring hardship for graduates to find jobs. Nevertheless, how to solve the problem is more important. It is a good idea for the graduates to learn more knowledge with a higher degree and to practice and improve their capability of dealing with all kinds of situation, organization, having good terms with others and cooperative spirit. Besides, the government should try to and encourage all units to create more job vacancies for the college graduates. Of course, the graduates should have a proper attitude towards various jobs, but not always pursue those with higher payment. 22. Private Tutoring 1. 为孩子聘请家教目前非常普遍 2.家教的利与弊 3.我的看法 A recent investigation shows that about 80 percent of pupils have private tutors. Such a popular practice indicates that people are attaching greater importance to education. Many parents, for various reasons, missed the chance of obtaining a good education. When their children meet with difficulties in study, they are helpless. Private tutoring is the only solution. As private tutoring is usually one-to-one, the teacher knows the strong points as well as the weak points of the pupil clearly. However, private tutoring has its own disadvantages. For one thing, it takes up so much of the pupils’ time that they can hardly find enough time for rest and entertainment, which are essential for their physical and mental health. For another, some teachers, busy “shuttling” from one family to another, tend to neglect their regular teaching duties. What’s more, some teachers are eager to help pupils do well in the test, offering the so-called tips for test-taking rather than help them acquire what is more meaningful. Generally speaking, its disadvantages outweigh its advantages. Greater emphasis should be laid on classroom teaching and practice, on the improvement of teaching quality and on the tapping of pupils’ potentials. Only in this way can a new generation be healthily brought up.翻译练习 （一）1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. I have had great deal of trouble______________________________.(跟得上班上的其他同学) I don't mind your_____________(你延期做出决定) the decision as long as it is not too late. In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives_____________(起着不可缺少的作用) in raising children. Mark often____________________________(试图逃脱罚款) whenever he breaks traffic regulations. When I __________________(发现他骗我) I stopped buying thins there and started dealing with another shop. I suggested he ____________________ (使自己适应) his new conditions. What a lovely party! It's worth_________________( 牢记一生 ). If you won't agree to our plan,_____________________( 他们也不会同意 ). His remarks left me ____________________________( 想知道他的真实目的 ). If you had_____________________ ( 听从了我的劝告，你就不会陷入麻烦) Though you stay in the sea for weeks, you will not____________( 失去联系 ) the outside world. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence,_____________( 正在研制 ) and perfected now. How close parents are to their children_________________ __( 有很强的影响 ) the character of the children. The room i it _____________________ (肯定没打扫过) . With tears on her face, the lady _____________________ (看着他受伤的儿子被送进手术室) 「超级句型」trouble 可以用在句型&have trouble doing sth. & 做某事有困难&中，这Answer：1. keeping up with the rest of the class. 时，trouble 可以用 difficulty 来代替。「超级短语」keep up with 意为&跟上……&，指并肩前进，并驾齐驱，不至落后、掉队。catch up with 意为&赶上&，指从后边追上或改 变落后状。 2. delaying making 「超级单词」mind 作及物动词，后面通常接名词、代词、V-ing 形式、复合结构、从句等。Delay 后接动词时，应该接动词的 ing 形式。 3. play indispensable roles 「超级短语」play a part/role in 起着……作用，饰演……的角色。 「超级单词」escape 后面要接动名词形式。常与介词 from 搭配，如 He has escaped from the fire. 「超级句型」find/catch+宾语+宾补,如 I found him standing by the river.4. attempts to escape being fined 5. caught /found him cheating me 6. should adapt himself to「超级句型」 suggest 作&建议&时， 其宾语从句中要用虚拟句型&suggest that sb.(should)do sth.&结构;从 suggest还可以联想到宾语从句中同样要用虚拟语气的相关动词如：insist，demand，order，ask，advise 等。 「超级短语」adapt oneself to 使自己适应或习惯于，其他搭配： adapt from 根据……改写/改编 7. remembering all my life 8. neither will they 「超级单词」Be worth doing……/值得做某事,还有说法是 worth sth. 如：He is worth the praise.「超级单词」neither 表示&两者都不&， 表示&也&、&也不& 的句子要部分倒装。如：If you won't go, neither will I. 「超级单词」leave sb doing 让继续处于某种状态;leave sb to do sth 让某人干某事 「超级句型」虚拟语气在 if 引导的条件句中的用法9. wondering about his real purpose10. followed my advice, you would not be in trouble now. 从句：if + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be 用 were) + ……主句：主语+ would (should, could , might) + 动词原形+ …… 11. lose contact with 12. are being developed 相应变化。 13. has a strong influence on/effect on 「超级短语」influence/effect 作名词(常与 on 连用)对……有影响力。 influence 指&通过说服、 举例等对行动、 思想、 性格等产生不易觉察到的,潜移默化的影响&,如:Influenced by a high-school biology teacher, he took up the study of medicine. 「超级短语」lose contact with/lose touch with 与……失去联系 「超级句型」&be being done&现在进行时的被动语态表示此时此刻某事正在被做。其中动词 be 应随主语作effect 指&实现&、&达成&,着重&造成&一种特殊的效果,如:This book effected a change in my opinion. 14. can't have been cleaned 「超级句型」&情态动词+have done&表示推测，must/can/may/might/could 各用于不同句型中，must 只用于肯定句中，can/could 不能用于肯定句中，may/might 不能用于疑问句中。can't 表示不可能，may not 表示可能不。如题中推测的为过去 的事情，情态动词后则用完成形式。 15. watched her injured son sent into the operation room. 作间是被动关系. 「超级句型」see/watch……sb./sth.+done 强调某动作的全过程，且宾语和动（ 二）1.(这个计划成功的关键) ___________is good planning. 2. The specific use of leisure______(每一人都不同) 3. The ship ' s generator broke down and the pumps____________________( 不得不用手工操作 ) instead of mechanically. 4. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used______________( 习惯了学生迟到 ) his lecture. 5. I prefer to communicate with my customers ______( 通过写电子邮件而不是打电话) 6. After the terrorist attack, tourists ______ ( 被劝告暂时不要去该国旅游) 7.( 他把自己奉献于社区工作 ) ______ and is passionate about what he is doing. 8. Man should not exploit the natural resources ______ ( 以牺牲其他物种为代价 ). 9. When Sandy recovered from cancer, her doctor ______ ( 把此归因于她对未来的信念 ). 10. At the end of his speech, the school master encouraged the children to work hard ______ ( 不要让父母失望 ). 11. In the budget for this building, they failed to __( 考虑价格增长的因素 ). 12. Only after I slapped him on the back ____( 他才发现我并高兴得叫起来 ). 13. I didn ' t even speak to him, ____( 更不用说与他讨论事情 ). 14. Some young people would rather try hard themselves to go through life than _____( 求助于他们的父母 ) with a sense of guilt. 15. The victim _____( 本来有机会活下来 ) if he had been taken to hospital in time . Answer: 1. The key to the success of this project 「超级单词」key 除作名词&钥匙&外，后接介词 to，表示&……的钥匙，……的答案，……的关键&. 2. from individual to individual. 「超级短语」不及物动词 vary 的用法。搭配为：vary …… from …… to 各不相同。 3. had to be operated manually 「超级短语」have to 通常指由于客观原因则不得不做某事，意思为&不得不&. 其否定形式意思是&不一定&或&没有必要&. 4. to students' being late for 「超级句型」be used to+doing/noun，表示过去习惯于做某事。used to+do，表示过去有规律的习惯性动作或状态，而现在已不存在了。 「超级短语」be late for,迟到。 「超级句型」one's doing,非谓语动词的复合结构。 5. via E-mail instead of telephone 「超级短语」Instead of 的意思是&代替……&、&而不……&，后面常跟名词、代词和动名词，偶尔也跟复合结构。 6. were advised not to travel to that country at the moment 「超级单词」advise 一般用法： advise sb. advise doing 特殊注意： 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即：advise that sb. (should) do 的形式。 7. he devoted himself to the community 「超级短语」be devoted to 有两个含义：A.专心致志于，献身于;B.热爱，很喜欢。作为动词的 devote 常用下列成语类的搭配：devote oneself/one's life to sth/doing sth. 8. at the cost of sacrificing/loss of other species「超级短语」at the cost of(以……为代价)，其含义和用法与 at the expense of 相同。另 at all costs 意为&不惜一切代价&. 9. attributed it to her firm belief in the future 「超级短语」&attribute……to&，&把……归因于……&是大学英语四级考查率极高的一个语言点。 10. and not to let their parents down 「超级短语」let……down(使……失望)，形容词表示失望有 disappointed. 11. consider/take into account the factor of increasing price. 「超级单词」Take…… into account=take…… into consideration 把……考虑在内 12. did he notice me and shouted with happiness 「超级句型」这是 only 引起的半倒装句，only+强调内容+助动词+主语+谓语+其它 13. let alone discuss with him 「超级短语」let alone 用作连词，译为&更不用说了& 14. turn to their parents 「超级短语」turn to sb. for help 求助于别人 15. would have survived 「超级句型」在虚拟条件句中，如果表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句用过去完成时，而主句中则用&情态动词+现在完成时&，即 would/ could/ should/ might have done（ 三）1. Though a skilled worker, _____( 他被公司解雇了 ) last week because of the economic crisis. 2. He was disabled from birth, but he never felt frustrated, __( 也从未屈服于任何困难 ). 3. The little boy next door has been beating his drum for a whole morning, which got on my nerves so much __( 以至于我无法集中注意力 学习 ). 4. The scientist tried to convince us that a tiger would not attack us __( 除非它走途无路 ). 5. The nation ' s population continues to rise ______ ( 以每年 1200 万人的速度 ) 6.(如果你设法与 Smith 先生取得联系)___the problem will be solved easily because he is an expert in this field. 7. The problem lies in how people look at those students ___(专心追求知识的). 8. On Children's Day, kids ___有资格免费进入) to all the city parks. 9. The restaurant next door serves good food, but the one across the street is much better ___(就服务而言). 10.___(每当天气不好时), he takes whatever umbrella he can find. 11. Animal experiments will continue to be necessary to resolve existing medical problems ___( 尽管一些人公开反对 ). 12. Professor Clark was a bit strict with us, ____( 但我们确实从他那里学到了很多 ). 13. The more you explain, ___( 我愈糊涂 ). 14. He has done so much for the poor in his community that ___( 再怎么赞扬他都不过分 ). 15. Since my childhood I have found that __( 没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力 ) Answer: 1. he was dismissed/fired/sacked 「超级单词」主要考察&解雇&的表达方法。Dismiss 解职、开除;fire 解雇&口&;sack 解雇、洗劫。 2. and never yielded to any difficulties as well 「超级短语」yield to 屈服，让步。 3. that I have no way to concentrate on my study 「超级短语」concentrate on+sth./doing sth.全神贯注地做某事。 4. unless it’s cornered 「超级单词」unless 除非，如果不;corner 名词作&角落、绝路&，作为及物动词时表示&无路可走&.5. at a speed of 12 million per year 「超级短语」at a speed of…… (以……的速度);其二是数字 1200 万人的表达，也就是 12 个百万――12 million 而 million 后面加上多 余的复数 s 则是很多同学容易出现的错误。 6. u manage to get in touch with Mr Smith 「超级短语」manage to do 表示成功地做成某事，不成功不可以用。 7. who are kownledge-oriented/absorbed acquiring kownledge 「超级单词」sth.-oriented 追求……，orient n.东方 adj.东方的，上升的 vi.向东 vt.使适应、确定方向。oriented 导向的，其实这里可以 很多种译法。 8. are entitled to free admissions 「超级单词」be entitled to do sth. 对……享有权利, 值得; 有(做某事)的资格[权利] 9. as far as the service is concerned 「超级单词」so/as far as……be concerned 就……而言，concerned 用作形容词解作&有关的&时，是后置定语，大都放在它所修饰的名 词之后。 10. whenever the weather is bad 「超级单词」whenever 无论何时, 随时 n.只要， 11. even though some people object to/are against it openly 「超级短语」object to/be against 反对 12. but I do learn a lot from him 「超级单词」do 放在动词原形前，加强该动词的语气。 13. the more I am confused 「超级句型」&the more……, the more……&句型常表示&越……就越……&,是一个复合句,其中前面的句子是状语从句,后面的句子是主 句。the 用在形容词或副词的比较级前,more 代表形容词或副词的比较级。 14. you can't praise him enough 「超级句型」用在&主语+cannot……+enough&句型中该句型形式上是否定句型，实际上表达的是肯定意义，意思是&再……也不过分; 越……越……&. 15. nothing is more attractive to me than reading 「超级短语」&Nothing is more……than&和&Nothing is so……as&都具有最高级比较的意思，指&没有……比……更……&.（四）1. 他进步如此的快以至于通过了这次考试。 2. 我毫不费力地解决了这个问题。 3. 她以一种我们从未料到的方式讲话。 4. 杰克由于政治原因被迫离开了家乡。 5. 这些设想队你来说也许觉得奇怪。 6. 正当我父亲翻阅晚报时，他突然惊讶地喊了一声。 7. 到他们回来之时，我将完成我的工作了。 8. 她因比赛时踝关节扭伤，呆在家里。 9. 上星期他作了眼科检查。 10. 男孩昨天说太阳比月亮要大。 11.这个问题下次会议上讨论。 12. 有人告诉我这个消息。 13. 这所公司是 2002 年成立的。14.2005 年我们家乡建造了一个电影院15. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。 Answer: 1. He made such rapid progress that he passed the exam. 2. I had no trouble in solving this problem. 3. She spoke in a way that we had never expected. 4. Jack was forced to leave his home town for political reasons. 5. These ideas may seem strange to you. 6. My father was looking through the evening paper when he suddenly let out a cry of surprise. 7. I shall have finished my work by the time they come back. 8. She stays indoors because he sprained his ankle in one match. 9. He had an eye test last week. 10. The boy said the sun is bigger than the moon yesterday. 11. This problem will be discussed at the next meeting. 12. I was told the news. 13. This company was set up in 2002. 14. A cinema was built in our home town in 2005. 15. Some new computers were stolen last night.（五）1. The number of the students in this city has _____ (增加了 6 倍) in comparison with 2001. 2. _____ (有些大一新生打定主意) to pursue a master's degree after undergraduate studies. 3. _____ (不管任务多么艰巨), we must fulfill it in time. 4. He had understood nothing, _____ (也没尝试着去) understand. 5. _____ (随着时间的流逝), they forgot their bitter sufferings. 6._____ ( 据说 ) the painter used his aunt as the model in that painting. 7. Most of the people who die in earthquakes _____ ( 是正在倒塌的建筑物砸死的 ). 8. Most people tend to believe that & the newer, the better, & _____ ( 尽管并不总是这样 ). 9. _____ ( 没有人不称赞他们 ) for their great accomplishment. 10. _____ ( 毫无疑问 ) he is qualified for the job. 11. This leaflet tells you _____ (怎样在旅行期间防止生病). 12. The book is _____ (我够不着); would you please pass it to me? 13. I'm not accustomed to such luxury, _____ (它简直是浪费钱). 14. He came to the meeting _____ (不顾重病). 15. Then I found myself _____ (被许多男孩子包围着). Answer: 1. increased 5 times 2. Some freshmen make up their minds 3. No matter how hard the task is However hard the task is No matter how hard the task may be However hard the task may be 4. nor did he try to 5. With the passage of time6. It is said that 7. are killed by falling buildings 8. though that is not always the case 9. There is no one who does not praise them 10. There is no doubt that 11. how to avoid getting ill while traveling 12. beyond my reach 13. which is just a waste of money 14. despite his serious illness in spite of his serious illness 15. surrounded by many boys（六）1. The substance does not dissolve in water _____ (不管是否加热). 2. Not only _____ (他向我收费过高), but didn't do a good repair job. 3. Your losses in trade this year are nothing _____ (与我相比). 4. On average, it is said, visitors spend only_____ (一半的钱) in a day in Leeds as in London. 5. By contrast, American mothers were more likely _____ (把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent 6. There is no rush now ―― _____ (比赛已经取消了). 7. I'm not supposed to let anyone in without a card, _____ (但对你我就破一次例). 8. _____ (我们得把休假日推迟) until you're better. 9. Don't bother carrying all those things, _____ (我本不想给你添许多麻烦). 10. _____ (我不大想去参加那个聚会), but I'd better put in an appearance. 11.__________________ (直到失去健康) that people know the value of health. 12. The bag was stuffed____________________( 脏衣服) 13.___________________ (很多朋友不在)， we decided to put the meeting off. 14._______________________ (给我印象最深的) were her liveliness and sense of humor. 15. There engines are___________________ (不如我们制造的那些发动机功率大) . Answer: 1. whether (it is) heated or not 2. did he charge me too much 3. compared with mine 4. half as much (money) 5. to attribute their children's success to 6. the match has been called off 7. but I'll make an exception in your case 8. We'll have to put off (going on) vacation 9. I didn't mean to give you a lot of trouble 10. I don't really want to go to the party 11. It is not until they lose it 12. with dirty clothes13. With many friends absent 14. What impressed me the most 15. less powerful than the ones we have made（七）1. That theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle_______( 这是我们应当牢记的一条原则 ) 2. ________ (除了以身作则) , there ' s no better way to teach children. 3. The more things a man is ashamed of, ________ (他就越受人尊敬) . 4. True wisdom consists not only in seeing what is before your eyes, ________ (而且在于预见将来的事情) . 5. Not until people can completely trust you ________ (你才能对他们产生积极的影响) . 6. If you can't think up a new idea, try finding _________. (一个方法更好的利用老的观点) 7. _________(为战争做好准备)is one of the most effectual means of preserving peace. 8.________ (如果全面考虑), work is less boring than amusing oneself. 9. They thought it a pity ________(没有邀请她). 10. Your character will have been completed _________(当生命走到尽头时). 11. The boss would be angry________ (假如老板发现你经常在办公室打私人长途电话)。 12. The journey took three days________ (比我们原先所预计的多用了)。 13. The old and young should be________ (尊重和照顾)。 14. (我为这些话所深深感动) ________I used them later for a Christmas card. 15. (这就全看) ________whether you support me. Answer: 1. we should always keep in mind 2. Apart from setting a good example 3. the more respectable he is. 4. but also in foreseeing what is to come 5. will you be able to positively influence them. 6. a way to make better use of an old idea. 7. To be prepared for war 8. Everything considered 9. not to have invited her 10. the time your life comes to an end. 11. if he should discover you often make personal long distance calls in the office. 12. longer than we had expected 13. respected and taken care of 14. I was so impressed by these words that 15. It all depends on（八）1: The truck driver is __________________________________(对这起交通事故负全责). 2:In the court, the defendant ____________________________(声称自己是清白的). 3:Unemployed, John ________________________________(几乎无法维持生计). 4:________________________________(中国政府声明任何情况下都不首先) use nuclear weapons. 5:___________________________(要想他人尊重你),you should learn to respect them first. 6: _________________________( 我刚刚到家 ) than the telephone rang. 7:The old man regretted __________________________( 一事无成 ) in his life. 8:____________________( 他五十多岁 ), but he looks younger than his age. 9:Many big cities in the world ________________________( 正面临淡水资源短缺 ). 10:He said nothing, leaving me _____________________ ( 对他的计划毫不知情 ). 11: He clenched his teeth to_______________ (确定事故中遭受的伤口的疼痛).12: I'd rather read books in the library ______________________( 也不愿上课 ). 13:Our aim is to ____________________________( 全心全意为人民服务 ). 14:I'd like to _______________________( 借此机会 ) to express my heartfelt thanks for your help. 15:The court ruling _________________________( 剥夺了他的政治权利 ). Answer: 1. responsible for the transportation accident. 2. claims himself innocent 3. nearly couldn't live on himself 4. Chinese Government declares that under no circumstance will China first 5. If you want to be respected by others 6. No sooner did I get home 7. being nowhere 8. He is more than fifty years old 9. are facing the problem of lack of water resource 10. having no idea about his plan 11. ensure the pain of the wound suffered from the accident 12. than go to lessons 13. serve the people with our hearts 14. take this opportunity 15. has deprived his political rights（九）1. The students _____________ (有权进入) the library only in the afternoon. 2. (我们都很同情) _____________the husband who was bereaved of his beloved wife. 3. (如果我有钱了) _____________, I would like to cruise in the Southern Pacific for six months in a private yacht. 4. The soldiers_____________ (非常疲累由于没有休息一直向前走) in a blizzard. 5. No one likes _____________ (被当作) a poltroon. 6. I don't want to ____________ (冒险去尝试) this. 7. He pronounced not clearly but don't ____________ (妨碍) understanding. 8. Guangdong might ____________ (征税) extra housing owners 9. We are prepared to ____________ (采取武力) if negotiation failed. 10. (除了大约半小时) ____________ for lunch I am here all day. 11. He doesn't seem to ____________ (意识到) the coldness of their attitude towards his appeal. 12. Majority ____________ (赞成) Golden Week holidays. 13. Car drivers must ____________ (遵守) the rules of driving. 14.____________ (相比较) the two companies,we see two different points of views. 15. could you ____________ (照看) my child? Answer:1. have access to 2. We all sympathized with 3. If I were rich 4. are very exhausted for they have advanced forward without rest 5. to be regarded as 6. take the risk (of) trying 7. interfere with8. impose tax on 9. resort to force 10. But for a half hour or so 11. be aware of(=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness) 12. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 13. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to) 14. By comparison of 15. keep an eye on英语四级考试作文通用经典句型 英语四级考试作文通用经典句型一）比较 1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages. 2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B. 3.A may be preferable to B， but A suffers from the disadvantages that.。. 4.It is reasonable to maintain that 。.but it would be foolish to claim that.。. 5.For all the disadvantages， it has its compensating advantages. 6.Like anything else， it has its faults. 7.A and B has several points in common. 8.A bears some resemblances to B. 10. A and B differ in several ways. 11. Evidently， it has both negative and positive effects. 12. People used to think 。..， but things are different now. 13. The same is true of B. 15. It is true that A 。.. ， but the chief faults （obvious defects ）are 。.. 二）原因 1. A number of factors are accountable for this situation. A number of factors might contribute to （lead to ）（account for ） the phenomenon （problem）。 2. The answer to this problem involves many factors. 3. The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that.。. 4. The factors that contribute to this situation include.。. 5. The change in 。..largely results from the fact that.。. 6. We may blame 。..，but the real causes are.。. 7. Part of the explanations for it is that 。.. One of the most common factors （causes ） is that 。.. Another contributing factor （cause ） is 。.. Perhaps the primary actor is that … But the fundamental cause is that 。.. 三） 后果 1. It may give rise to a host of problems. 2. The immediate result it produces is 。..3. It will exercise a profound influence upon.。. 四）批驳 1）It is true that 。..， but one vital point is being left out. 2） There is a grain of truth in these statements， but they ignore a more important fact. 3） Some people say 。..， but it does not h ld water. 4） Many of us have been under the illusion that.。. 5） A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is. 6） It makes no sense to argue for 。.. 7） Too much stress placed on 。.. may lead to 。.. 8） Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that 。.. 9） Contrary to what is widely accepted， I maintain that 。.. 五）举例 1） A good case in point is 。.. 2） As an illustration， we may take 。.. 3） Such examples might be given easily. 4） 。..is often cited as an example. 六）证明 1） No one can deny the fact that 。.. 2） The idea is hardly supported by facts. 3） Unfortunately， none of the available data shows 。.. 4） Recent studies indicate that 。.. 5） There is sufficient evidence to show that 。.. 6） According to statistics proved by 。..， it can be seen that 。.. 七）开篇 1） Many nations have been faced with the problem of 。.. 2） Recently the problem has been brought into focus. 3） Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic. 4） Recently the issue has aroused great concern among 。.. 5） Nowadays there is a growing concern over 。.. 6） Never in our history has the idea that 。.. been so popular. 7） Faced with 。..， quite a few people argue that 。.. 8） According to a recent survey， 。.. 9） With the rapid development of 。..， 。.. 八）结尾 1） From what has been discussed above， we can draw the conclusion that 。.. 2） It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop 。.. 3） It is necessary that steps should be taken to 。.. 4） In conclusion， it is imperative that 。.. 5） There is no easy method， but 。..might be of some help. 6） To solve the above-mentioned problem， we must 。.. 7） In summary， if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue， more problems willcrop up. 8） With the efforts of all parts concerned， the problem will be solved thoroughly. 9） We might do more than identify the cause it is important to take actions to 。.. 10） Taking all these into account， we 。.. 11） Whether it is good or not /positive or negative， one thing is certain/clear.。.快速阅读的技能和技巧做题顺序: 先看文章标题，直到文章主要内容，然后看第一小题，在小题部分的定位词先圈出来，在回原文找。找到第一小题后，再看 第二小题。看一个题，作一个；不要把文章看完再做题，或题看完再读文章。 特别注意：比较容易定位的词是： 特别注意：比较容易定位的词是： A. 不能用中心思想词定位，因为整篇文章都说的是它。 B. 时间、数字、地点、大写字母的单词容易定位。 C. 比较长，难的名词容易定位，好找。 D. 定位词找 2-3 个就行，多了也记不住。最好是位置不同的两个词。听力应对策略解析(1)关于短对话听力的应对策略： 八个短对话按照真题分析可以归纳为如下场景：涉及校园场景(宿舍、教室、实验室、图书馆等高频词汇)、天气场景(天气变化、温 度变化、降水、降雪、风沙等灾害性天气)、 医院场景(问诊、问候、问药、问价、问方向、)、面试场景(个人爱好、兴趣、教育背景、 工作经历、对应聘职位的了解和期盼、对工资待遇和上班时间的特殊要求等)、租房场景(租金、押金以及数额、支付方式、房客应遵循的 规则、对房屋设施等的介绍)、娱乐场景(影院、剧院、舞厅、球场、游泳等娱乐设施)、餐馆场景(定座、点菜、结账、小费、投诉等场景 词汇)、选课场景(选修课程、必修课程、课程难度、教授要求、同学推荐、参考书目)、作业场景(教师与学生、学生与学生、课程作业、 课程论文、学期论文、期中测试、单元小节等)、图书馆场景(借书、还书、丢书、续借、查询、罚单等高频词汇)。英语交际通常使用一 种模式化的语言，在固定的场景中其词汇和表达也相对比较固定，平时注意积累场景高频词汇和习惯表达，考生只要在复习时重点突出， 强化训练，就可以在四级听力短对话部分做到未听半知的状态。 短对话听力测试突破的第二个途径就是分析选项，因为客观题目的选项设计一般都有其内在的逻辑关系，有些相互印证，有些截然 对立，还有些毫不相关，但是至少可以帮助考生提示关键词汇和表达，所以抢时间阅读选项就非常重要。笔者过去的辅导经历大致经历 了四个阶段：逐步从最初阶段的“直接听到的是答案”(最简单)过渡到“直接听到的往往不是答案”(迷惑干扰)再到“四个选项提到仨”(未提及 选项)到现在的“各路英雄全都有” (必须听完问题)。虽然短对话的选项设计更加复杂，但是笔者认为辅导中绝大多数情况下还是遵循“同义 词替换”的原则。比较经典的例子就是：如果对话中出现了 taxi driver, 选项中的正确答案一般不会包含这个词汇，而是用同义的 cabdriver 替换。 (2)两组长对话是个新生事物，对学生短时记忆和快速提取信息的能力提出了更为严峻的挑战。长对话分值为 7%，难度上增加不大， 但是话轮的频繁更替使部分考生不太适应。建议学生训练时要抓紧时间审题、读选项、做笔记，否则考试中很难适应。从出题类型分析， 长对话的问题主要集中在：原因追问(在英语中表达原因的句型非常普遍，但是比较实用而考试又常见的有介词 thanks to\due to\because of\owing to、 连词 as\since\because\for、 介词短语 on the ground that\for fear that\seeing that 等)、 建议句型(how about\what about\ what will you say?)、 反问句式(why not? Why don’t…? isn’t it…? )、 语意转折 (however\although\nevertheless), 固定表达(It’s not my cup of tea, I have little to do with, it’s beyond my knowledge, it’s up to you etc)。 (3)短文听力一般由三个自然段构成，体裁涉及范围变化不大，而且重复率较高。基本上以议论文、说明文和记叙文三大体裁为听力素 材的基本内容。听力理解的短文每段一般有三到四个问题，问题往往涉及议论文的论点、分论点、典型论据以及结论和作者态度方面等; 而说明文则就所说明的对象、它的典型特征、主要步骤和关键细节等提问;记叙文则以考察事情的起因、经过和结果等要素为提问的核心内容。短文听力理解和短文阅读理解的不同之处就在于口头信息转瞬消失，所以考生必须(a)充分利用问题后面的选项提示，大胆预测短 文的内容。(b)及时做好听力笔记，摘要记录关键信息。(c)抓住问题的含义，进行正确推导。(d)利用题目之间的选项关系进行适度地类推 和印证，从而得出正确答案。短文听力对考生的语言感知能力、逻辑思维能力、短时记忆能力都是一个挑战。考生只有在多读、多听的 基础上才能提高短文理解的准确率。 (4)复合式听写的短文长度一般为 250 字左右, 全文通读三遍, 要求考生在第一遍后能够了解材料的主要内容和关键信息。 第二遍要 求考生根据听到的内容将短文中缺少的词汇填空, 第二遍朗读速度较慢。第三遍阅读速度最快，要求考生检查听写的内容。听写填空对于 四级考生来讲，主要难度在于词汇的掌握和理解，尤其是测试中常见的高频词汇。 “复合式听写要读三遍”是其它短文听力所不具备的优势， 而且单词听写总有我们捡漏的办法， 所以这一部应当是“大有可为”的英雄用 武之地，可惜的是以往的考试中间，许多学生由于大意或者粗心，而把该得的分都丢了。单词听写的范围集中在(1)历年真题中出现过的 高频词汇，比如 artificially(人工地), emotionally(情绪化地),occasionally (偶尔地)等。(2)英语单词发音和拼写不一致的单词，比如 sergean t (中士) rhyme (韵律) schedule (时间表) campaign (战役、运动) gauge (规尺)等。(3) 英语单词中含有不发音的字母，比如 island (岛屿) exhibition (展览) government (政府) isle (群岛) climb (攀爬) ironing (熨烫)等。 复合式听写的句子填空的步骤：完整地听、简要地记、仔细地核。句子填空的关键技巧是句子重构，原句照搬是很难的。句子重构 可以通过关键词提炼和难词替换来完成。句子听写是听力最难的部分，考生同时可以根据上下文的信息来推测大意，然后再结合听到的 内容进行意义上的句子重构。阅读理解解题技巧 阅读理解解题技巧 理解一、词汇量是基础 一是必须牢牢掌握四级英语考试大纲规定的词汇。 二是要灵活运用、不应死记硬背。英语中的一词多义现象很普遍，同一单词在不同语境下会有不同的意思，所以杜老师建议大家， 可以通过阅读文章， 把词汇放在语境之中来巩固词汇。 例如： 大家很熟悉的 matter 一词在不同的场合表达不同的意义： an important matter. It's （这事很要紧。） The article is full of matter.（这篇文章内容丰富。） It is a matter of no laughing.（这个问题可不是开玩笑。 此外， printed ） matter 的意思是“印刷品”。因此，在记忆单词时一定要灵活。 二、常用解题思路与技巧 《大学英语四级考试大纲》规定，阅读理解测试的主要要求是：掌握所读材料的主旨和大意；了解说明主旨和大意的事实和细节； 既理解字面的意思，也能根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论；既理解个别句子的意思，也理解上下文的逻辑关系。阅读理解部分的目 的是测试学生通过阅读获取信息的能力，既要求准确，也要求有一定的速度。在大学英语四级考试中，上述能力是通过不同的题型加以 测试的。这些题型大体上可以分为：主旨题；细节题；推断题；语义题和是非题。杜老师围绕这些不同的题型介绍了一些具体的解题技 巧。 1、主旨题：主旨题在四级考试中所占比例仅次于事实细节题和推理判断题。这类题型主要测试考生对文章的中心思想或段落的大 意的理解，是对考生的综合归纳能力的考查。此类问题常见的提问方式有： What is the main topic（idea, theme, subject）of the passage/the paragraph？ This passage is mainly about. The best title of the article is. What can we learn from the passage/this paragraph？ 解题技巧：由于四六级阅读的文章以议论文为主，且英文的写作特点又是开门见山，所以文章的主题句通常位于首段或尾段即通过 双首原则寻找突破点，有时也出现在文章的中间段落。段落的主题句通常位于段首或段尾，有时也在段落的中间。如有主题句，就能很 容易确定文章或段落的主题从而选出正确的答案。如果文章中没有明显的主题句，就应该带着问题细读文章的首段和尾段找出其中心， 抓住每个段落的主题句，明确文章的中心思想。注意：如果文章主旨题出现在第一题，先不要做这道题，把后面的题做完后再回头做第 一题，等所有细节题做完后主旨也就浮出水面了，同时这样可以节省很多时间。 2、细节题：四级考试阅读理解中出现频率最高的就是事实细节类试题。事实或细节是文章中用来论证或说明主题的依据。辨认文章 中主要事实或细节，就是我们常说的细节题。这类试题主要考查考生是否掌握了作者用来阐述主题的有关事实和细节，对文章的理解是 否全面，是否透彻。这类问题不掺杂主观内容，而是针对文章的某个具体细节，如：时间、地点、人物、原因、结果、条件、现象等的 提问。这类题常见的提问方式有：When (Where, Who, Why, What, How)...? All of the following are mentioned in the passage except.... According to the passage, the best answer to ...is. The author says...because.... Which of the following may be the best reason for.... 解题技巧：一般来说此类题的答案均可在文章中找到答案。但是答案的表述常常不是文章中的原话，而是使用同义的词语或句子进 行表述即对原句子改写。因此，在回答此类问题时，应首先仔细审题画出关键词，弄清题目的具体要求，以及所给的四个选项画出关键 词，再利用关键词回文章中定位，找出文章中相对应的细节性句子，分别与四个选项进行一一对照，以确定正确答案。关键词的确定也 有技巧。如果题目或选项中有专有名词（人名、地名等）、数字（年代、时间等）要将此定位为关键词。因为这些词有特点，在文章中 很容易找到，所以很快就可以定位相应的细节，从而找到正确答案。如果题目或选项中没有明显的词，可以定位主要的名词或动词为关 键词。完型填空备考秘籍
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