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新课标2016年高三英语寒假作业1第Ⅰ卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ARecently,Iwasinvitedtoawritingclassatmyoldhighschool.Iacceptedthe__41__becauseit’salwaysfuntoseewhatyoungwritersareupto.Afewhoursbeforetheclass,Igotthe__42__thatIoftengetbeforeIgointoaschool―nausea(反胃)andthefearthatI’mabouttogetinto__43__.WhenI__44__intoaschool,alltheoldfeelingscomeback：__45__teachetheheadmasterisgoingtomakemetakeanotehome.ButI’mnotaloneinhaving__46__feelingsfromschooldays.Oftenpeopletalkaboutbad__47__theystillhaveaboutbeingunpreparedfora(n)__48__test.Otherssaythatbeingpickedonandnotbeing__49__forateamarestillterriblememoriesforthem.Soit’sno__50__thatadultssometimesactlikethey’restillinschool.My__51__memoriesareaboutteachersgettingmadatme.Iwasoftenashamedoftheseriouscrimeof“talkingoutofturn”，aguywhocouldn’tkeephis__52_shut.Irealizethattheansweristofacethefeelings,__53__avoidthem.SoIvolunteerataschoolonceaweek.Eachweek,I’malittlemore__54__whenIwalkintotheofficeto_55__.AndIadmitthatsometimeswhentheheadmaster__56__mewithasmile,Ithinkhe’splanningtocallmymothertosayIshoulddressalittlenicer__57__Ivisithisschool.Butbytheendofmytimethere,Ifeel__58__.NowI’m__59__mynextvolunteerdayatschool.Infact,ImightgettherealittleearliersoIcanspend__60__moretimethere.41.A.challengeB.presentC.invitationD.offer42.A.messageB.chanceC.wishD.feeling43.A.moodB.troubleC.thoughtD.panic44.A.arriveB.walkC.admitD.rush45.A.anotherB.manyC.theotherD.some46.A.amazingB.fascinatingC.excitingD.lasting47.A.situationsB.placesC.experiencesD.dreams48.A.importantB.easyC.recentD.average49.A.chosenB.notedC.concernedD.adapted50.A.doubtB.wayC.wonderD.secret51.A.bestB.longestC.worstD.latest52.A.heartB.eyesC.mouthD.hands53.A.ratherthanB.exceptforC.astoD.insteadof54.A.stressedB.annoyedC.tiredD.relaxed55.A.signinB.checkoutC.takeoffD.getup56.A.impressesB.greetsC.shocksD.refuses57.A.whenB.sinceC.whetherD.unless58.A.anxiousB.strongC.nervousD.strange59.A.reflectingbacktoB.lookingforwardtoC.gettingawayfromD.takingoverby60.A.alsoB.stillC.evenD.everBAtBristolZooGardensyoucanenjoyanamazingworldofanimals,allwithinouraward-winning12acregardens.Withover400speciesandnineanimalshousesundercover,it’soneofthebestdaysoutinBristolwhatevertheweather.Wesuggestyouallow2-5hoursforyourvisittoreallytakeineverythingwehavetooffer.ByvisitingBristolZooyouwillbedirectlycontributingtotheconservationofendangeredspeciesandhabitats.AdmissionpricesatBristolZooincludea10%voluntarydonationtohelpsupportourconservationprojects.WithsomanythingstodoinBristolZoo,itreallyisoneofthetopattractionsinBristolandtheSouthWest.AdoptinganAnimalHelpuslookafteryourfavoriteanimalbybecitmakesafantasticgiftforanyage!Choosefrom10ofourfavoriteanimalstoadopt,whichcostsjust￡45.Adopttheminamatterofminutesonline.OpeninghoursWe’reopeneverydayfrom9amto5:30pminpeakseason,andcloseat5pmduringoffpeak.TheZooisclosedonChristmasDay.LastentrytotheZooisanhourbeforeclosingtimeandanimalhousesclosehalfanhourbeforeclosingtime.TravelingbybusOurbusserviceisoperatingevery30minutesonSundaysandpublicholidaysonly.TheservicewillenablegueststotraveltotheZoooranywherealongtheroute.TheserviceisFREEtoBristolZoomembers―allyouneedtodoisbringyourmembershipcard.WeencourageallofourgueststousepublictransportwhencomingtotheZoo.33.Byvisitingthezoo,youwill______.A.contributetoprotectingendangeredspeciesB.enjoya10%discountofftheadmissionC.becomeavolunteerforspeciesatthezooD.beaskedtodonateextramoneyforconservation34.Whatmessagecanwegetfromthetext?A.Youcantakecareof10favoriteanimals.B.Thezooisopenedalltheyeararound.C.Visitorsareencouragedtocomebybus.D.Thezooprovidesfreepublictransport.35.Wherecanwemostlikelyreadthetext?A.Atthegeographytext.B.Inasciencemagazine.C.Attheentrancetozoos.D.OntheInternet.CWhenadoglosesaleg,theanimaleventuallyfiguresoutthebestwaytogetaroundonthreelegs.Inashorttime,thedoglearnstodealwithitsphysicaldisability.Now,scientistshavedevelopedrobotsthatbehaveinmuchthesameway.Wecanfindrobotseverywhere.Robotsbuildcars,playchessandcancleanyourhouse.Theymaysomedaydriveyourcar,too.Tworobots,namedSpiritandOpportunity,weresenttoMarsonamissiontoexploretheredplanet.JeffCluneisacomputerscientistwiththeUniversityofWyoming.Hesaysrobotsalsohelppeopleinnaturaldisasters.Robotsaredeployedinsearchandrescueoperationsfollowinganearthquake.Theymaysomedayalsobeusedtoexaminethewreckageofanuclearaccident,liketheoneinFukushima,Japan.Mr.Clunesaysrobotscanbesenttoalotofplacessaidtobeunsafe.“Theproblemisthatallofthosetypesofsituationsandenvironmentareextremelyunpredictableanddangerous.Anditisverylikelythatrobotsandhumansinthosesituationsbecomedamaged.”Heandotherscientistsaredevelopingtechnologysothatrobotswillcontinueoperatingafterthefirstsignofinjury.Theywantthemachinestohavetheabilitytomakechangesandcontinueperforminguntiltheycanberepaired.Mr.CluneandresearchersinFrancehaveaddedonemoreoperationtotheskillsetofrobotsworkingunderdifficultconditions.Theysaytheyprogrammedahexapodrobot,onewithsixlegs,andaroboticarmtolearnhowtodealwithinjury.Theirfindingswerereportedinthejournal“Nature”.Mr.Clunesaidthatoncetherobotsbecomedamaged,theyusetheirintuitionandknowledgeofhowtheirbodyworkstofindawaytodealwiththedamage.Hesaystherobotsarealsoprogrammedwithchild-likecuriosity.Inotherwords,theyarealwaysaskingquestionsandlookingforanswers.Thewholeprocesstakesaboutaminutefortherobotstofindawaytoovercomedamage.66.Atthebeginningofthepassage,thewritermentionsdogsto__________.A.provideexamplesofhowanimalsdealwithunexpectedinjuryB.showhowscientistsgetinspirationfromdogstodeveloptechnologyC.introducethetopicinamoreattractivewayD.suggestthatscientistsshouldn’tignorethesimilaritybetweendogsandrobots.67.Accordingtothepassage,nowadaysrobotscan’t__________.A.playchessorcleanthehouseB.besentonamissiontoexploreontheMarsC.helppeopleinsearch and rescue operations following an earthquakeD.examine the wreckage of a nuclear accident68.WhyareMr.Cluneandotherscientistsdevotedtodevelopingthetechnology?A.Theywanttosucceedinprogrammingrobotswithchild-likecuriosity.B.They expecttoenablerobots tocontinue working despiteinjuryunderdifficultconditions.C.Theyintendtomakerobotswhichcanbesenttoalotofplacessaidtobeunsafe.D.TheyaredeterminedtodesignamorepowerfulrobotforMarsexploration.69.Nowscientistshavedevelopedrobotsthat,oncedamaged,can__________.A.relyontheirfunctionstofigureoutawaytohandletheemergency.B.figureoutthebestwaytogetaroundinashorttimeC.spendaboutasecondfindingawaytoovercomedamageD.maintaintheirchild-likecuriosityandkeepaskingpeoplearoundforsolutionsDSupposeyoubecomealeaderinanorganization.It’sverylikelythatyou’llwanttohavevolunteerstohelpwiththeorganization’sactivities.Todoso,itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertakevolunteerworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.Let’sbeginwiththequestionofwhypeoplevolunteer.Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivatepeopletogetinvolved.Forexample,peoplevolunteertoexpresspersonalvaluesrelatedtounselfishness,toexpandtheirrangeofexperiences,andtostrengthensocialrelationships.Ifvolunteerpositionsdonotmeettheseneeds,peoplemaynotwishtoparticipate.Toselectvolunteers,youmayneedtounderstandthemotivationsofthepeopleyouwishtoattract.Peoplealsovolunteerbecausetheyarerequiredtodoso.Toincreaselevelsofcommunityservice,someschoolshavelaunchedcompulsoryvolunteerprograms.Unfortunately,theseprogramscanshiftpeople’swishofparticipationfromaninternal(内在的)factor(e.g.,“Ivolunteerbecauseit’simportanttome”)toanexternal(外在的)factor(e.g.,“IvolunteerbecauseI’mrequiredtodoso”).Whenthathappens,peoplebecomelesslikelytovolunteerinthefuture.Peoplemustbesensitivetothispossibilitywhentheymakevolunteeractivitiesamust.Oncepeoplebegintovolunteer,whatleadsthemtoremainintheirpositionsovertime?Toanswerthisquestion,researchershaveconductedfollow-upstudiesinwhichtheytrackvolunteersovertime.Forinstance,onestudyfollowed238volunteersinFloridaoverayear.Oneofthemostimportantfactorsthatinfluencedtheirsatisfactionasvolunteerswastheamountofsufferingtheyexperiencedintheirvolunteerpositions.Althoughthisresultmaynotsurpriseyou,itleadstoimportantpracticaladvice.Theresearchersnotethatattentionshouldbegivento“trainingmethodsthatwouldpreparevolunteersfortroublesomesituationsorprovidethemwithstrategiesforcopingwiththeproblemtheydoexperience”.Anotherstudyof302volunteersathospitalsinChicagofocusedonindividualdifferencesinthedegreetowhichpeopleview“volunteer”asanimportantsocialrole.Itwasassumedthatthosepeopleforwhomtheroleofvolunteerwasmostpartoftheirpersonalidentitywouldalsobemostlikelytocontinuevolunteerwork.Participantsindicatedthedegreetowhichthesocialrolematteredbyrespondingtostatementssuchas“VolunteeringinHospitalisanimportantpartofwhoIam.”Consistentwiththeresearchers’expectations,theyfoundapositivecorrelation(正相关)betweenthestrengthofroleidentityandthelengthoftimepeoplecontinuedtovolunteer.Theseresults,onceagain,leadtoconcreteadvice:“Onceanindividualbeginsvolunteering,continuedeffortsmightfocusondevelopingavolunteerroleidentity...ItemslikeT-shirtsthatallowvolunteerstoberecognizedpubliclyfortheircontributionscanhelpstrengthenroleidentity”.32.Peoplevolunteermainlyoutof______.A.academicrequirementsB.socialexpectationsC.financialrewardsD.internalneeds33.WhatcanwelearnfromtheFloridastudy?A.Follow-upstudiesshouldlastforoneyear.B.Volunteersshouldgetmentallyprepared.C.Strategytrainingisamustinresearch.D.Volunteersareprovidedwithconcreteadvice.34.Whatismostlikelytomotivatevolunteerstocontinuetheirwork?A.Individualdifferencesinroleidentity.B.PubliclyidentifiablevolunteerT-shirts.C.Roleidentityasavolunteer.D.Practicaladvicefromresearchers.35.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowtoGetPeopletoVolunteerB.HowtoStudyVolunteerBehaviorsC.HowtoKeepVolunteers’InterestD.HowtoOrganizeVolunteerActivities第二节（七选五共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。FinnishTranslation:BeAwareofFalseFriendsFalsefriends,thosetrickywordsthatareatranslator’senemyandthatcanbefoundinalmosteverydocumentwetranslate,alsoexistbetweenEnglishandFinnish.36So,what’safalsefriend?Well,asmanyofyoumightknow,afalsefriend(fromtheFrenchfauxamis)isawordoranexpressionthatsharesasimilarwrittenformintwolanguages,butwhichhasdifferentmeanings.37Whenyouseethem,youmightassumetheyhavethesamemeaningasasimilarwordinyournativelanguage.38Evenprofessionaltranslatorscanbemisledbyafalsefriend.That’swhy,asatranslator,it’snecessarytobefamiliarwiththem.Rememberthatwhenitcomestotranslation,‘falsefriendsareworsethanbitterenemies’,astheScottishproverbsays,andyoushouldkeepyoureyesopen,becausetheymightbewaitingforyouaroundeverycorner.Itseemsnolanguageisfreeoffalsefriends.39DuringtheyearsI’vebeenworkingasatranslator,I’vecomeactheywereinthaturgentassignment,orthattranslationIfinishedoffwithoutfirsthavingmycoffee,tryingtoconfuseme.40Therefore,Iwouldliketohelpyouinyourwaragainstfalsefriendsbysharingsomeofthemwithyou.A.TheFinnishlanguageisnoexception.B.Researchkeywordswhiledoingtranslation.C.Thisisthefirstofatwo-partseriesonthetopic.D.Therefore,falsefriendscancausealotofproblems.[来源:www.shulihua.net]E.Luckily,Iwasabletospotthemandtranslatethemproperly.F.Sometimes,evenfluentusersofalanguagecanconfusethem.[来源:数理化网]G.Soyoushouldavoidanightmarecausedbyitduringyournexttranslationproject.第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45）完形填空（共20小题；每小题15分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。第II卷第三部分英语知识运用（共两节满分55）阅读下面材料，用不多于1个单词的正确形式填空(语法填空)First,readingbooks61(be)fun.Youcanalwayskeepyourself62(interest)anditcanhelpyouhaveanenjoyabletimeifyoulikereading.Thisisespeciallyusefulwhentheweatherisbad.Itisa(n)63(relax)hobbytoo.Next,youcanreadabookanywhere:inacar,onaplane,inbed―eveninthebath.64youneedisabook!Readingisaconvenienthobbyasitiseasytostopandstartagain.Anothergoodreasonforreadingbooksis65itisuseful.Ifyoureadasahobbyyou66(get)betterandbetteratit.Thismeansthatyouwillreadfasterandbecome67（good）atunderstandingwhatyouread.Asyourreadingimproves,youwillprobablyfindyourschoolworkbecomesmucheasier.Manyschoolsubjectsdepend68goodreadingand,asyoureadyoulearnmoreandmore.[来源:www.shulihua.net]Goodreadersaremostlikelytobegood69(ｗrite）,too．Theyareusuallygoodat70(spell)aswell,andhavemorethingstowriteabout.Readingbooksisreallyawonderfulhobby.第四部分写作（共两节满分35）短文改错（10分）Mydreamschoolstartsat8:30a.m.andendsat3:30p.m.Theyarethreelessonsinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.Wedidn’tneedtodosomanyhomework.Therefore,wehavemoretimewithafter-schoolactivities.Forexample,wecandoreadingforoneandahalfhourandplaysportsforonehoureveryday.Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.Thereareallkindsoftheflowersandtreesaroundtheclassroombuildings.Wecanlieonthegrassforarest,orsatbythelakelisteningmusic.Theteachersherearekindandhelpfully.Theyarenotonlyourteachersbutalsoourfriends.书面表达全球气候变暖是目前人类面临的最大的环境问题之一。请你根据以下提示写一篇英语短文，为“节能减排”献计献策。背景温室气体的排放导致大气层中二氧化碳的含量越来越高，温度升高。后果海平面急剧上升，自然灾害频繁等。措施/建议1.节约能源2.绿化环境3.提高公众意识(awareness)注意：1.不要逐句翻译(尤其是措施部分要具体)2.词数：100左右 提示：温室气体的排放theemissionofgreenhousegases；二氧化碳CH2O;大气层atmosphereWiththerapiddevelopmentoftheeconomy,pollutionhasbecomeoneofthemostseriousproblemsnowadays.参考答案第Ⅰ卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A篇:41-45DBBD46-50DDAAC51-55CCADA56-60BABBC41.C.根据上文Iwasinvitedto…可知是“接受邀请”，所以选C。[来源:www.shulihua.net42.D.根据下文whenI…intoaschool,alltheoldfeelingscomeback可知答案为feeling。43.B.根据下文…teacherisgoingtogetmadatme…可知作者害怕陷入麻烦(getintotrouble)。44.B.句意：当我走进一所学校，所有往日的感觉都来了：某个老师会对我发脾气，校长会让我带话回家。45.D.表示“某一个”用some。46.D.根据上下文可知作者已经毕业了，但学校的记忆仍然影响着他，所以他对学校的感觉是“持久的”。47.D.根据后面theystillhaveaboutbeing…可知，这应该是做梦，而不是现实。句意：人们经常会讨论自己现在仍然做着的关于在还没有准备好的情况下就得参加一次重要考试的噩梦。48.A.结合上下文语境，这里指一场重要的考试。49.A.句意：其他人说被找茬和没被某个球队选上对他们来说仍是糟糕的回忆。50.C.句意：所以难怪有时候成年人表现得就像他们还在学校一样。“Itisnowonderthat…”意思为“难怪”。51.C.上文提到的对于其他人来说，被找茬和没被某个球队选上对他们来说仍是糟糕的回忆，相应的，这里是说“我”最糟糕的回忆是老师对“我”发脾气，所以选C。52.C.根据句意：我为自己“说了不该说的话”的重罪而羞愧，总是管不住自己的嘴。keepone’smouthshut意为“管住某人的嘴”。53.A.句意：我意识到解决的办法是面对这些感觉，而不是逃避。54.D.由上文可知作者以前每次进入学校都会紧张、害怕，但是在找到应对的方法后，应该每周都会轻松一些。55.A.作者走进办公室应该是签到(signin)。56.B.根据语境可知，校长应该是微笑着打招呼。57.A.表示“当……的时候”应该用when。58.B.根据转折连词but可知，后文应该是表达作者觉得自己“强大”了。59.B.根据下文，作者会特意早一点到学校，可知作者是期待在学校的下一个志愿者日。60.C.句意：事实上，我会早到一点，那样就能够在那里呆上甚至更长的时间。B篇:ACD本文是应用文，介绍了去BristolZoo公园参观的一些相关信息。33.A细节理解题。考查学生通过阅读文章获得信息或寻求细节的能力。结合第二段的第一句话“ByvisitingBristolZooyouwillbedirectlycontributingtotheconservationofendangeredspeciesandhabitats”可知，答案为A。34.C细节理解题。考查学生通过阅读文章获得信息或寻求细节的能力。根据最后一段的信息“tousepublictransport”可知，答案为C。35.D推理判断题。考查考生根据文章内容确定其出处的能力。根据文章小标题“Adoptingananimal”下第二自然段“Adopttheminamatterofminutesonline.”可知，这篇文章来自于网络，答案为D。C篇:CDBAD篇:ADCB[来源:www.shulihua.net]第二节（七选五共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。答案及解析：GDFAE第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45）完形填空（共20小题；每小题15分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。第II卷第三部分英语知识运用（共两节满分55）阅读下面材料，用不多于1个单词的正确形式填空(语法填空)61.62.63.64.W65.that66.67.68.69.70.spelling第四部分写作（共两节满分35）短文改错（10分）答案及解析：1.They→There2.didn’t→don’t3.many→much4.with→for5.hour→hours6.look→looks7.theflowers→flowers8.sat→sit9.listening→listeningto10.helpfully→helpful书面表达Withtherapiddevelopmentoftheeconomy,pollutionhasbecomeoneofthemostseriousproblemsnowadays.TheemissionofgreenhousegasesnotonlyresultsinmoreandmoreCO2intheatmospherebutalsokeepsthetemperaturegoingup.Ithasmanyharmfuleffectsonhumanbeingsandnature,suchastheriseofsealevels,manynaturaldisastersandsoon.Therefore,it'stimetotakestepstomakeadifference.Firstofall,weshouldsaveenergy.Forexample,wecanwalkorrideabikewhenwegooutinsteadofdrivingacar.Secondly,weshouldplantmoretreestoabsorbCO2fromtheair.Finallyandmostimportantly,weshouldraisepeople’sawarenessoftheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment
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